Alternative breast imaging kluwer academic publishers ebook ling
TLFeBOOK ALTERNATIVE BREAST IMAGING FOUR MODEL-BASED APPROACHES TEAM LinG - Live, Informative, Non-cost and Genuine ! THE KLUWER INTERNATIONAL SERIES IN ENGINEERING AND COMPUTER SCIENCE TEAM LinG - Live, Informative, Non-cost and Genuine ! ALTERNATIVE BREAST IMAGING FOUR MODEL-BASED APPROACHES edite d by Keith D. Paulsen, Ph.D. Paul M. Meaney, Ph.D. Thayer School of Engineering Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH USA with Larry C. Gilman, Ph. D. Springer TEAM LinG - Live, Informative, Non-cost and Genuine ! eBook ISBN: 0-387-23364-4 Print ISBN: 0-387-23363-6 Print ©2005 Springer Science + Business Media, Inc. All rights reserved No part of this eBook may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, recording, or otherwise, without written consent from the Publisher Created in the United States of America Boston ©2005 Springer Science + Business Media, Inc. Visit Springer's eBookstore at: http://ebooks.kluweronline.com and the Springer Global Website Online at: http://www.springeronline.com TEAM LinG - Live, Informative, Non-cost and Genuine ! TABLE OF CONTENTS Contributors Preface Four Alternative Imaging Modalities Stephen Poplack, Wendy Wells, and Keith Paulsen Computational Framework Paul M. Meaney and Keith Paulsen 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Magnetic Resonance Elastography: Theory Elijah E. W. Van Houten and Marvin Doyley Magnetic Resonance Elastography: Experimental Validation and Performance Optimization Marvin Doyley and John Weaver Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy: Theory Hamid Dehghani and Nirmal K. Soni Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy: Translation to Clinic Alex Hartov, Ryan J. Halter, and Todd E. Kerner Microwave Imaging: A Model-Based Approach Paul M. Meaney and Qianqian Fang Microwave Imaging: Hardware and Results Paul M. Meaney and Dun Li Near Infrared Spectroscopic Imaging: Theory Hamid Dehghani and Brian Pogue Near Infrared Spectroscopic Imaging: Translation to Clinic Brian Pogue, Shudong Jiang, Hamid Dehghani, and Keith Paulsen Statistical Methods for Alternative Imaging Modalities in Breast Cancer Clinical Research INDEX 10. 11. Tor Tosteson vii xiii 1 25 49 69 85 107 127 155 183 201 227 245 TEAM LinG - Live, Informative, Non-cost and Genuine ! This page intentionally left blank TEAM LinG - Live, Informative, Non-cost and Genuine ! CONTRIBUTORS Hamid Dehghani, Assistant Professor of Engineering at the Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, received a B.S. in Biomedical and Bioelectronic Engineering from the University of Salford, UK, in 1994; an M.S. in Medical Physics and Clinical Engineering from Sheffield University, UK, in 1995; and a Ph.D. in Medical Imaging at Sheffield Hallam University, UK, in 1999. For three years he was a research assistant at University College, London, investigating near infrared imaging of the neonatal brain. His research interests include numerical modeling and image reconstruction with applications in both optical and electrical impedance to- mography. Marvin M. Doyley received a B.S. in Applied physics from Brunel University, UK, in 1994, and a Ph.D. in Biophysics from the University of London in 1999. From 1999 to 2001 he worked on intravascular ultrasonic elastography at the Department of Experimental Echocardiography of the Thoraxcentre, Erasmus University of Rotterdam. In 2001, he joined the Department of Radiology at the Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center to work on magnetic resonance elastographic imaging in breast appli- cations. His research interests include ultrasonic and magnetic resonance im- aging, tissue characterization, and inverse problem solution. Alex Hartov, Associate Professor of Engineering at the Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, and Associate Pro- fessor of Surgery, Dartmouth Medical School, received a B.S. in Electrical Engineering from Northeastern University in 1984, an M.S. in Engineering Sciences from Dartmouth Col- lege in 1988, and a Ph.D. in Engineering Sciences from Dart- mouth College in 1991. His research interests include biomedical engineer- ing, electrical impedance tomography, image-guided surgery, cryosurgery, ultrasound, control theory, microwave imaging, and tumor hyperthermia. TEAM LinG - Live, Informative, Non-cost and Genuine ! Contributors viii Elijah E. W. Van Houten, Lecturer in Computational Solid Mechanics at the University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand, received a B.S. in Mechanical Engineering and a B.A. in Music from Tufts University in 1997 and a Ph.D. in Engineering Sciences from Dartmouth College in 2001. His research interests include biomedical engineering, elasticity imaging, reconstructive imaging methods, modeling of coupled fluid–solid systems, and heart-valve dynamics. Shudong Jiang received her Ph.D. in optoelectronics from the Tokyo Institute of Technology in 1992. She was a research scientist at the Tokyo Institute of Technology and at Japan Science and Technology Corporation from 1992 to 1998. Her major fields are high-sensitivity optical detection and nano- etric-scale biosample observation and processing. She is currently a research associate at Dartmouth College in the field of near infra- red tomographic imaging of tissue. Todd Kerner received a B.S. in physics from Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania, in 1994. He then worked at the Philadelphia Heart Institute as part of a team studying arrhythmias occurring after myocardial infarction. From 1995 to 2003 he was enrolled in the M.D./Ph.D. program at Dartmouth College. He received his Ph.D. in Engineering in 2003 for a thesis involving the design, construction, and testing of an electri- cal impedance tomography system. From 2003 to 2006 he is a resident in in- ternal medicine at the Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center. Dun Li received a B.S. in Electrical Light Source Engineering from Fudan University, Shanghai, in 1991; an M.S. in Optoelectronics Engineering from the Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, the Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, in 1997; and a Ph.D. in Biomedical Engineering from Dartmouth College in 2003. He is currently a Research Engineer at GE Medical Systems. His research interests include computa- tional and experimental electromagnetics and biomedical imaging/navigation system design and integration. TEAM LinG - Live, Informative, Non-cost and Genuine ! ix Model-Based Breast Imaging Paul M. Meaney, Associate Professor of Engineering at the Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth, received an A.B. in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science from Brown University in 1982, an M.S. in Electrical Engineering from the University of Massachusetts in 1985, and a Ph.D. in Engi- neering Sciences from Dartmouth College in 1995. His re- search interests include microwave imaging for biomedical applications, mi- crowave antenna design, ultrasound-based elasticity imaging, and thermal modeling for focused-ultrasound surgery applications. Keith D. Paulsen, Professor of Engineering at the Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, received a B.S. from Duke University in 1981 and M.S. and Ph.D. degrees from Dartmouth in 1984 and 1986, all in biomedical engi- neering. He was an assistant professor of electrical and com- puter engineering at the University of Arizona from 1986 to 1988 and, jointly, an assistant professor in radiation oncology at the Univer- sity of Arizona Health Sciences Center. He began teaching at Dartmouth College in 1988. A recipient of numerous academic and research awards and fellowships, he has carried out sponsored research for the National Science Foundation, the Whitaker Foundation, and the National Institutes of Health through the National Cancer Institute and the National Institute on Neuro- logical Disorders and Stroke. He has served on numerous national advisory committees for the National Cancer Institute, including membership on the Radiation Study Section and the Diagnostic Imaging Study Section. At the Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, he teaches biomedical engineering and computational methods for engineering and scientific prob- lems and is head of the Dartmouth Breast Imaging Group. Brian Pogue is Associate Professor of Engineering at the Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, and holds research scientist positions at Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital. He received a B.S. in 1989 and an M.S. in 1991, both in physics, from York University, Toronto, and a Ph.D. in medical physics from McMaster Uni- versity, Ontario, in 1995. He worked as a research assistant professor at Dartmouth for five years prior to his current position, and has been a scien- tific review board member for the National Institutes of Health, National Sci- ence Foundation, and the U.S. Department of Energy. He is the topical editor for the journal Optics Letters and a conference organizer for the Optical So- TEAM LinG - Live, Informative, Non-cost and Genuine ! [...]... research interests include breast cancer and breast imaging He is also the radiology liaison to the New Hampshire Mammography Network (a population-based mammography registry) and the clinical Co–Principle Investigator of the Dartmouth Alternative Breast Imaging Program funded by the National Cancer Institute in 1999 His research interests include breast cancer and breast imaging Nirmal Soni received... underwent breast- reduction surgery with sampling from both breasts provided tissue with normal breast histology Twenty-one patients (16 of whom also underwent breast reduction surgery with sampling from both breasts, 5 with unilateral biopsies) provided tissue with fibrocystic disease of variable severity (mild, moderate, or severe) Nineteen patients provided tissue with a benign fibroadenoma from one breast, ... development of alternative breast- cancer imaging technologies We believe that the four alternative modalities we are investigating—magnetic resonance elastography (MRE), electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), microwave imaging spectroscopy (MIS), and near infrared spectroscopic imaging (NIS), all discussed in detail in this book—have the potential to increase the frequency and accuracy with which breast. .. combination, to breast imaging for risk assessment, early detection, differential diagnosis, treatment prognosis, and therapy monitoring We have demonstrated the clinical feasibility of these imaging technologies for breast imaging by initiating their clinical evaluation in a common cohort of women with normal and abnormal breasts as defined by screening mammography and subsequently verified (for abnormal breasts)... TEAM LinG - Live, Informative, Non-cost and Genuine ! Chapter 1 FOUR ALTERNATIVE BREAST IMAGING MODALITIES Steven Poplack, M.D., Ph.D., Wendy Wells, M.D., M.S., and Keith Paulsen, Ph.D 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Breast Cancer In the United States, breast cancer is the most common non-skin malignancy in women and the second leading cause of female cancer mortality Approximately 180,000 new cases of invasive breast. .. abnormalities Some of the alternative modalities under investigation are ulTEAM LinG - Live, Informative, Non-cost and Genuine ! Four Alternative Modalities 3 trasound (including compound, three-dimensional, Doppler, and harmonic variants), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), elastography, scintimammography, positron emission tomography, and thermography [2] Some alternative imaging methods do not yet... the Norris Cotton Cancer Center until 2002 Currently he is the Biostatistics Director for the DartTEAM LinG - Live, Informative, Non-cost and Genuine ! xi Model-Based Breast Imaging mouth Multidisciplinary Clinical Research Center and Co-Leader of the Clinical Core of the Dartmouth Alternative Breast Imaging Program He conducts collaborative research in cancer and musculoskeletal disease and is an active... trials of mammography screening show a 25–30% reduction in breast cancer mortality for women over 50, and a smaller, more equivocal effect in women aged 40–49 [6] Regarding breast cancer screening with clinical breast examination (CBE), the US Preventive Service Task TEAM LinG - Live, Informative, Non-cost and Genuine ! 2 Model-Based Breast Imaging Force concluded that the “evidence is insufficient... biopsy In the next few years we expect to generate enough evidence to estimate the likely role of these breast- imaging alternatives for differential diagnosis, treatment prognosis, and therapy monitoring With greater sophisTEAM LinG - Live, Informative, Non-cost and Genuine ! 4 Model-Based Breast Imaging tication, the technologies themselves will become increasingly viable choices for risk assessment... because of FE modeling’s essential role in this process that we refer to all four techniques as model-based alternative breast- imaging modalities Below, we briefly indicate the physical basis of each imaging modality We then describe how we integrate our research on all four modalities into a single initiative centered on two shared-resource “cores,” one clinical and one computational TEAM LinG - Live, . Investigator of the Dartmouth Alternative Breast Imaging Program funded by the National Can- cer Institute in 1999. His research interests include breast cancer and breast imaging. Nirmal Soni received a. and Genuine ! xi Model-Based Breast Imaging mouth Multidisciplinary Clinical Research Center and Co-Leader of the Clinical Core of the Dartmouth Alternative Breast Imaging Program. He conducts. ! Chapter 1 FOUR ALTERNATIVE BREAST IMAGING MODALITIES Steven Poplack, M.D., Ph.D., Wendy Wells, M.D., M.S., and Keith Paulsen, Ph.D. 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Breast Cancer In the United States, breast cancer