Lawrence Yates Sherman United States Senator from Illinois, 1913 1921 Eastern Illinois University The Keep Masters Theses Student Theses & Publications 1974 Lawrence Yates Sherman United States Senato[.]
Eastern Illinois University The Keep Masters Theses Student Theses & Publications 1974 Lawrence Yates Sherman: United States Senator from Illinois, 1913-1921 Jerome Bentley Holstein Eastern Illinois University This research is a product of the graduate program in History at Eastern Illinois University Find out more about the program Recommended Citation Holstein, Jerome Bentley, "Lawrence Yates Sherman: United States Senator from Illinois, 1913-1921" (1974) Masters Theses 3653 https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/3653 This is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Theses & Publications at The Keep It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of The Keep For more information, please contact tabruns@eiu.edu PAPER CERTIFICATE #2 TO: Graduate Degree Candi d a tes SUBJECT: Permission to reproduce these s who have written formal theses The University Library is re ce iving a number of requests from other institutions asking permission to reproduce dissertations for inclusion in their library holdings Although no copyright laws are involved, we feel that professional courtesy demands that permission be obtained from the author before we allow theses to be copied Please sign one of the following statements: Booth Library of Eastern Illinois University has my permission to lend my thesis to a reputable college or university for the purpose of copying i t for inclusion i n that institution's library or research holdings Date respectfully reque st Booth Library of allow my thesis be reproduced because I pdm Author Eastern Illinois University not k ty I st ·t\\ LAWRENCE YATES SHERMAN: UNITED STATES SENATOR FROM ILLINOIS 1913-1921 (TITLE} BY JEROME BENTLEY HOLSTEIN B s in Ed , 1970, Eastern Illinois University M s in Ed , 1972, Eastern Illinois University THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN HISTORY IN THE GRADUATE SCHOOL, EASTERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY CHARLESTON, ILLINOIS 1974 YEAR I HEREBY RECOMMEND THIS THESIS BE ACCEPTED AS FULFILLING THIS PART OF THE GRADUATE DEGREE CITED ABOVE 7- 3() - DATE 7-1- 1- 'b�-)� DATE I I FOREWORD The purpose of this thesis is to consider the political career of Lawrence Yates Sherman Sherman, who served as United States Senator from Illinois , 191.3-1921 , was a colorful individual in Congress during one of the Republic's more turbulent periods As a United States However, Senator Sherman Senator, Sherman dealt with many vital issues is best-known for his "irreconcilable" position on the question of rati fication of the Treaty of the League of Nations Actually , Sherman's political career was much more extensive than merely opposition to the League of Nations Sherman was the "favorite son" candidate of Illinois for the nomination of the Republican Party for President in the 1916 elections governmental policy of a higher Also, Sherman actively sought a tariff, and stressed military prepared ness in nearly all of his speeches prior to United States entry into World War :i; By analyzing Sherman's speeches , his voting pattems, and letters a more accurate picture of the Senator may be gained Through tracing his career and interpreting it in the light of all available data , this work will add to the understanding of the man, the period, and one phase of Illinois and United States History Credit for assistance is due several personss who made and my many suggestions; advisor, Dr Koch, my parents, for for providing encouragement; providing direction 11 my wife, Marsha, TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER I THE CHAPTER II THE SENATORIAL ELECTION OF 1913 RE-ELECTION IN 1914 BACKGROUND OF THE FUTURE SENATOR • CHAPI'ER III LAWRENCE YATES SHERMAN THE EARLY YEARS • CHAPTER IV • • • • • CHAPTER VI CHAPTER VII BIBLIOGRAPHY APPENDIX I • • • • AND • • • • • SHERMAN'S TRY FOR THE 1916 REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL NOMINATION AND THE SENATOR SHERMAN WAR • • • • • • 14 • • • • • • 40 • • • • • • 51 YEARS • • • • • • • 72 • SENATOR SHERMAN AND THE FIGHT OVER OF THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS • BUSINESS • • TREATY RETIREMENT AND • • THE • • • • 84 113 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 125 VOTE FOR UNITED STATES SENATOR IN ILLINOIS , NOVEMBER , 1914 PHOTOGRAPH OF SHERMAN' S GRAVE • • • • • • • • • • • • • APPENDIX II • IN THE SENATEs • CHAPI'ER V • 111 • • • • • • • • • • 133 • • • • • • • • • • 1)8 CHAPI'ER I THE BACKGROUND OF THE FUTURE SENATOR Lawrence Yates Sherman was bom near Piqua , in Brown Township , Miami County, Ohio , on November , 1858 His father was a backwoods- man and farmer , and his mother was a housewife When Sherman was one year old, the family moved to McDonough County, Illinois, where they rented land near Industry Township In 1867 the family packed their possessions in a covered wagon and moved again, this time to Grove Township , Jasper County , Illinois Sherman spent most of his childhood years on the Illinois prairie As a boy he worked with his father on learning the skills of farming the farm However , the family was not well off financially , so begin- ning at age twelve , Sherman worked summ e rs for farmers in the area Between the ages of twelve and twenty-one.he contributed $434 in cash to help provide for the family Il11nois ( ) State Journal Springfield, Illinois , J une , 1916, p l; John M Palmer ed , The Bench and Bar of Illinois: Historical and Reminiscent Chicago: The Lewis PublishingCompany , 1899 , p 740; General Committee of Businessmen and Old Settlers , History of McDonou · Illinois Springfield , Illinois& Continental Historical Company , 1885 ), p 15 ( ( � p 2i11inois ) ) ( State Journal ( Springfield, -1- ) Illinois , June 4, 1916 , gh -2 In the winters young Sherman attended district schools During his early years, Sherman was only an average student, but he began to excel as he grew older After progressing as far as the district schools could assist him , Sherman spent one term at Lee's Academy in Coles County , near Charleston , Illinois During his leisure time he often borrowed and read what books he could find He also enjoyed attending the court proceedings of the local justice of the peace.J At the age of seventeen Sherman accepted a teaching position in a country school He took the certification examination from one of his former teachers , and passed it easily so tha.t by the spring of 1879 he Sherman's had saved enough wages improved, money to begin college Sherman attended McKendree College in Lebanon, Illinois , for four months He subsequently taught at Emerald Mound School, north of Lebanon, for three years , pursuing his law studies ' in his spare time The law course at McKendree greatly interested Sherman, and was in fact the on ly course of studies he completed In 1880 he began reading Blackstone under Judge Henry Horner of Lebanon, Illinois, and was encouraged to proceed by Professor Samuel H Deneen Finally , in May , 1882 , he went to Springfield , Illinois, passed an examination )Letter to Mr G Douglas Wardrop , December 15 , 1914 Lawrence Yates Sherman Papers ; John M Palmer (ed ) , The Bench and Bar of Illinois: Historical and Reminiscent (Chicago: The Lewis Publishing Company , 1899) , p 740 ; Lawrence Yates Sherman , " The National Cyclo paedia of American Biography: Being� History of the United States , Vol XV , (Ann Arbor, Michigan: University Microfilms, 1967) , p 101 /.} Illinois State Journal , June , 1916 , p lJ Joseph Guandolo (ed.), Centennial Hi s tory of McKendree College: with St Clair County History ( Lebanon I�linoisa Pu�licity Committee, 1928) , p 15 , -J- before the Illinois Supreme Court, and was admitted to the bar.5 Sherman moved to Macomb, Illinois, where he hauled freight and drove a team, in omer to subsist In exchange for janitorial and clerk services, Sherman read law in a local attorney's office In October of 1882, with the money Sherman had saved, plus $100 borrowed from a college classmate, Sherman and a local acquaintance, Lyman B Vose, fo:cmed the ? law fi:cm of Vose and Sherman For the next four years Sherman engaged in a general law practice Sherman also became active in local civic affairs and politics In May, 1885, he was elected City Attorney of Macomb, Illinois, and in November, 1886, at the age of 28, he was elected judge of McDonough County Sherman served four years as county judge, and declined re-nomination in 1890, whereupon he returned to the practice of law In 1890, Sherman formed a partners�ip.with George D Tunnicliffe and D · G • Tunnicliffe general practice ( ex-Justice of the Supreme Court ) , and went into Sherman continued to be politically active, though, and was elected in 1896 to the Illinois General Assembly, on the Republican ticket 10 In 1899 Sherman was elected Speaker of the House of Illinois State Journal rbid ( Springfield, Illinois ) , June 4, 1916, p Palmer, The Bench and� 2f Illinois, p 741 Ib1d Newton Bateman and Paul Selby ( eds ) , Historical Encyclopedia of Illinois and Histo of Sangamon County ( Chicagoa Marshall Publishing Company, 1912), p 08 10 Ib1d Representatives, a position which he held until January o f 190J As Speaker of the House, Sherman presided in 1899 lic an majority of 81 Republicans to 71 Democrats In 1901, and 11 over a Repub one Prohibit ioni.s t Sherman was re-elected as Speaker, with the Republicans again having 81 seats, to 72 seats for the Democrats 12 While in the House, Sherman began e xhib iting those qualit i es which would later make him one of the United States Senate's more colorful members He was disliked by some for his occasionally sour and temperament , his caustic comments, his reputation for obstinacy However , reporters enjoyed interviewing him, as his sharp sense of Sherman was talented at political slang, ma.de good copy and Illinois humor named the Michigan Canal "the tadpole ditch", the political game wardens "the rabbit she phe rds " in and lJ and the members of the 14 their elegant uniforms "the sunburst colonels11• , Governo r ' s staff Sherman's thoughts on legislation also became clear at this time • He opposed much legislation on the basis that "the government which governs least governs best" In that respect, he remained true conservative prairie upbringing 11 to his Legislation, to Sherman, meant a Lawrenc e Yates Sherman", The National Cyclopaedia of American Biography, p 101 " 12Charles !§2!-1912: With Church, History of the Republican Party in Illinois Review of the Aggression of the Slave-Power {Rockford , Illinois: Wilson Brothers Company , 1912 ) , p 190 l� ""Ralph Stone, Ih! Irreconcilables& The Fight Against !h! League of Nations (State Cooperative Scholarly Publishing Agency& The U niver sity Press of Kent ucky 1970), p 187 14 "Lawrence Yates Sh� rman ", It!! National Cyclop!!di& !ll American Biography , P• 101 A .! , -5- restriction on individual :freedom Hence , keeping legislation to a minimum meant a greater opportunity for individual freedom In regard to certain refonns , though , Shennan made exceptions In 1901, and again in 1902 , Shennan pushed for an Illinois Constitutional Convention to update the 1870 Constitution Sherman believed that the state had grown so rapidly that changes in the charter were needed He especially thought that Chicago should be granted more political freedom However, a Constitutional to deal with its unique metropolitan problems Convention was not destined to be held, and despite Sherman's advocacy of the convention resolution, it was defeated House of Representatives by a vote of in 1902 in the Illinois 76 to 52 16 During this period Shennan began to develop political allies and of enemies that would remain with him the rest his career In 1902, Shennan, the Speaker of the Illinois House, joined Shelby Cullom (United States Senator from Illinois), Charles Deneen, and Fred Busse of· Chicago in opposing William Lorimer's bid for the United States Senate Lorimer was seen by these men as a political "bo �s" within the party." Lorimer, a strongman in '· and a "malevolent influence Chicago politica, proved too strong :for the coalition of opposition forces, and in January of 1903 the Illinois Congress sent him to Washington as the United States Senator :from Illinois 17 l5Ernest L Bogart and John M Mathews, The Modern Commonwealth 1893-1918, Vol V: The Centennial History of ffiinois ( Springfield, Illinois: Illinois Centennial Commission , 1920), p 193 ; Edito rial, Call Board Bulletin (Chicagoi Chicago Real Estate Board, 1901) , p 16 Editorial, Call Board Bulletin, Modern Commonwealth, p 19J p 2; Bogart and Mathews, The 17william T Hutchinson, Lowden of Illinoisa The Life of Frank o Lowden (Chicagoa The University of Chicago Press, 19.5?):-P 104 -124carried their views and the ir rhe toric furthe r than In his political dealings , Sherman did and stood bravely for wha t maintain his personal inte grity , he believed in of Sherman must fall somewhere betwe en the and the moral purist was in fact an contributions his role in Thus , an · accurate vil la in portrayed Sherman ' s supporters claimed him t o to the American political arena are worthy place over the Treaty in history analysis by be of h i s foe s Sherman extremely complex and mulit-face ted ind ividual the debate ensured him a c o nv e nti o n al lowed His note , and of the League of Nations has BIBLIOGRAPHY MANUSCRIPTS Millard F Dunlap Papers , 19 00-1906 State Historical Library J O t is Humphrey Papers , 19 08-1918 State Historical Library Springfield , Illinois : Springfield , Illinois : Illinois Illinois Lawrence Yate s Sherman Papers , 1885-1939 Springfield , Illinois : Illino is State Historical Library The Papers , the gift of Mrs Marion W Graham ( the daughter of Lawrence Yates Sherman ) , deal with the period 1885-1939 The Papers are arranged in an unsorted chronological manner for the years 1885-1913 , and are arranged by topic from 1913 to 1921 , the period of Sherman ' s United States Senatorship The following is the order of the boxes : Box 1-33 1885-1908 1908-1911 Box 34-42 1912 Box 4G-45 Box 46-50 1913 Box 51-57 1914 Box 58-63 1915 Box 79-108 League of Nations correspondence Box 109-'2 13 Various 'topics The filing boxe s are labelled to 1921 , and are in roughly chronological order The post-1921 material is contained in gray cardboard boxes , and consists of miscellaneous materials The numbered 'boxes end at number 213 , which is for the year 1921 The Papers are extremely valuable to this the sis inasmuch as they provide otherwise unavailable source material The Senator kept the letters he rece ived , as well as carbon copies of the letters he wrQte His position on many issues is therein explained · Lawrence B Stringer Papers , 1898-1942 Springfield , Illinois : Illinois State Historical Library Stringer was a political ally of Senator J Hamilton Lewis I1'TERVIEHS Correspondence with Mrs Marion W Graham , of Daytona Beach , Florida Nrs Graham , the daughte:i;- of Senator Lawrence Yates Sherman , was extremely helpful and provided many details oth e rwis e unavailable -125- -126Correspondence and conversation with Hrs l'1ildred J ohnson , of U rbana , Illinois Hrs J o hn s o n , the niece of Lawrence Yates Sherman , was very helpful CONGRESSIONAL RECORD Congressional Record , 1913-1920 Washington , D C : United States Government Printing Offic e , 1913-1920 This source is invaluable for its text of the spe ec he s and c o mment s made by Sena.tor Lawrence Yat es Sherman , as well as for the � e bate on the League of Nations NEWSPAPERS R e se arc h : ( Bloomington , Bloomin gt on Daily Pantagraph Chicago Tribune Illinois ) 1913 , 1914 1913-1921 1912-1923 , 1939 New York Times extensively Cl ippings in the Milla.rd Library: This source was used very F Dunlap Papers , Illinois State Historical Chicago Chronicle 1906 Chicago Examiner 1906 Clippings in th e Lawrenc e Yate s Sherman Papers , Illino is State Historical Library : Chicago Evening Post 1919 , 1920 Chicago Hera:td and Examiner Chicago Tribune 1919 1895 , 1906 , 1914 , 1920 Christ,ian Science Monitor 1916 Illino is State Journal ( Springfield , Lincoln Herald-Courier ( Lincoln , ) Los Angeles Times-Mirror New York Evening Omaha Sunday Bee Oregon J o urnal Post Illinois ) 1895-1920 1918 Angeles , California ) 1918 1916 , 1920 ( Oma.ha , ( O re gon ( Los Illinois ) , St Louis Gl o b e -D e mo c rat Illinois ) Illinois ) 1919 1918 ( St Lo ui s , Missouri) 1915 , 1916 -127UNPUBLI SF ED T:'-IESES L illy , Samuel Alvin " The Political Care e r o f Roge r C Sullivan " This - unpubl i shed Haster ' s the s i s was comple ted at Eastern Illin o i s Un ivers ity in 1964 and i s on f i l e i n Booth Library , Eas tern I l l ino i s Univers ity S tone , Ralph Allen " Two Illino i s Senators Among the Irreconcilable s " Thi s unpubl i shed Haster ' s the s i s was comple ted at the University of Illino i s in Library 19.59 and i s on file at the University of Illino i s Thi s work deals exclusively w ith the League of Nat ions debate Wells , R ichard F " Illino i s Agrariani sm and Shelby Moore Cullom " unpubli shed Master ' s the s i s was comple t ed at Eastern I llino i s University i n 19 69 This and is on file in Booth Library , Eastern Ill ino i s University PAHPHLETS · "A New C onstitution i s N e c e s sary for the W elfare of the S tate " spe e ch , b y Lawrenc e Yat e s Sherman � Thi s was an addre s s he made before the Chicago Real Estate Board on O ctober 12 , 1901 Sherman was at that t ime the Speaker of the Illino i s House of Repre sentativ e s Chicago : Public Policy Publi shing Company , "For the Honor of Illino is : 19 01 Why S ull ivan and Sherman Should be D efeated and Raymond Robins e l e c ted United State s S enator " S ike s By George C Publ i shed by the Raymond Robins D emo cratic League , Pac ific H o t e l , Chicago , Illino i s , 1914 Grand This work contains twenty· page s of castigation of Roge r C Sullivan and one page of attack against Lawrenc e Yate s Sherman " The Influenc e of the Vatican in the Propo s ed League of Nations " Thi s was a spe e ch b y Lawrence Yate s Sherman i n which he oppo sed the League on the bas i s of po s s ible C ath o l i c control of it He had 27 , 000 pamphle ts of thi s spee ch printed Washington , D C : United S tate s Go"vernment Printing Off i c e , 1919 " The Public R e cord� · concern ing Sullivan and Sherman " National Popular Government League , Chicago : Chicago 1914 " What Patriotic Americans say about the Propo sed Covenant of the League of Nations " True Ame rican leafle t , True kmerican Publi shing C ompany , number two 1919 Philadelphia : -128PERIODICALS " Catholics· D eny a Catholic ' Peril ' in the League , " Literary Digest , J uly 19 , 1919 , p 32 Converse , Henry A "The Life and Services of Shelby Hoore Cullom " the Illinois State Historical Society Vol Springfield : Illinois State Historical Society Transactions of XX , pp 55-79 Editorial , "A Papal Bugaboo in the League , " The Literary Digest , July , 1919 , p 46 Ed itorial , 1901 Call Board Bulle tin , Chicago : C�icago Real Estate Board , Fisher, J Harding , S J " Senator Sherman and the Vatican " J ul y 12 , 1919 , pp 350-351 • Fisher , J Harding , S J " Senator Sherman ' s Pope-Baiting " July 19 , 1919 , pp 74-3 America , America , "New Senators from Illinois , " Literary Digest , April 12 , 1913 , pp 860-865 "President Wilson ' s Appeal t0 the Country , " New York Times Current History Magaz ine , Volume VI , April 191 ;r,-pp 51.:.53 "Republican Fore cast of the Pre sidential Campaign , " The Literary Dige st , December 18 , 1915 , pp 1403-1410 , 1431-1446 Rogers , Walter S "The Embarrassing Mr Sullivan " LIX ( October 24 , 19 14 ) , pp 394-395 She rman , Lawrence Y "A Broader Americanism " · October 1915 , pp 481-48 She rman , Lawrence Y "Aims o f the December 1918 , pp 38-744 Republican HarJ?er ' s Weekly , Banker ' s Magazine , Congress " Forum , Sherman , Lawrence Y " Conclusive and Overwhelming Victory over our Enemie s " Banker ' s Magazine , September 1918 , pp 322-323 She rman , Law.rence Y "Germany Must B e Vanquished " New York Time s C urrent History Hagaz ine , Volume VIII , part , September 1918 , pp 527 -529 · Sherman , Lawrence Y "History has a Word for Us " Augus t 1919 , Volume 99 , pp 183-184 · Banker ' s !·1aga.zine , -129Sherman , Lawrence Y J uly-September Sherman , Lawrenc e Y July-September "Hy Po l i t i c al Impre ssions o f the War " 1919 , Volume 62 , pp 1-10 " Poli t ical Psychology o f the War " 1919 , Volume 62 , pp 206-214 Forum , Forum , Lawrence Y " S e nato r Sherman of Illinois Criticizes the Glass-Owen B ill " Banker ' s Hagazine , November 1913 , pp 519.52 Sherman , " The Political Morality of Democracy " Lawrenc e Y July-September 1919 , Volume , pp 291-297 Sherman , Forum , "The Progress of the World " Volume 45 , p 519 • Am e ric an Review of Reviews , May 1912 , "The Progress of the Uorld " Vollli�e 4? , p 532 American Review of Reviews , May 1913 , • REFERENCE WORKS " Lawrence Yates Sherman " The National Cyclopaedia of American Biography : Volume XV 1967 B e i n g the History of the United State s Yate s Sherman " 1942 " Lawrenc e Who Was Who in America , 1§22- 1942 Volume I "Lawrence Yates Sherman " Hho ' s Who in America Articles for the years 1910�1911 to 1932-1933 , plus th9""""1938-19 39 edition BOOKS Abbot , Grace , et al , eds Illinois Voters Handbook Hildman Printing C ompany , 1920 Bagby , W e s ley 11 Th e Road To Normalcy: 1920 Baltimore , Maryland : 1962 Bai ley , Thomas A Wo odrow W i l s on and Macmillan and Company , 19 l.JJ+ the Chicago , Illinois : The Campaign and Election of Lost P e ac e New York : Ne w t o n , and S e lby , Paul ( Eds ) Historical Encyclopedia of I llino is and H ist o ry o f Sangamo n County Chicago : Marshall Bateman , Publishing B o gart Company , 1912 , Erne st , and Mathews , John The Modern Commonwealth 18931918 Volume · v 11:.£ C entennial Hi st o ry of Illinois Springfield , Illinois : Illinois C entennial Commission , 1920 -1.30B urd e tte , Franklin Canf i e ld , and Leon , Nifflin , 1950 Wilder , Howard The Making of M od ern Hicks , and Mead , eds New York : America • Houghton Party in Ill ino i s �the Aggression of the Slave-Power Wilson Brothers Company , 1912 H i story of � Republ i can C harl e s A H i th !::_ Review of 1912 : I ll ino i s : Ro ckford , Dunne , Princeton , New C o ul t er , Anderson , Church , S ena t e Press , 1940 Filibustering in � Princ e ton University J ersey : Ed.ward F Chicago : I l l in o i s : The Heart of the Na t i o n The Lewis Publishing Company , 19JJ Volume II Fleming, Denna Frank Th e Tre aty V e t o o f Th e A meri c an S ena t e New York : G P Putnam ' s Sons , 19JO Fleming, Denna Frank Th e Un ited S tate s and the League of Nations , 1918-1920 New York : G P Putnam'SSons , 19)'2 General Connittee of Businessmen and Old Settlers McD onough C ounty , I l l ino i s Historical C ompany , Ginger , Ray 1885 Al tge ld ' s America : New York : Real i t i e s Guandolo , Joseph with S t ( Ed ) Springfield , The Funk and L in c o ln Ideal versus Wagnalls , 1958 C ontinental Changing McKendree C o l l e ge : Lebanon , Illinois : Publicity C entenn ial History of Clair C ounty H i story Connittee , 1928 H o lt , H i s t o ry of I l l in o i s : Treaties Defeated Ex � S e nate : A S tildy of the Strugr,le B e tween Pre sident and Senate � th e C ondu c t o f Fo re ign R e l ation s Baltimore , Maryland : The Johns Hopkins W S tull Pre s s , Hut chinson , 19JJ Will iam T Lowd en Chicago : The Life of Frank o The University of Chicago Press , 19 Lowden of I l l ino i s : - Volume JJ S prin gfi e ld , Histo ri c al Society , 1940 I l l ino i s State Histori cal S o c i e ty J o urnal Illino i s : I l l ino i s S tate Journal Volume 45 Springfield , Illinois State Historical Society , 1952 I l l ino i s S tate Historical S o c i e ty Illinois : Marshall , Thomas Maye r , Georgt: H R Re coll e c t ion s The R epubl i can University Press ; l964 Indianapolis , Indiana : Party !§2!-1964 New York s 1925 Oxford - 131M o ri s o n , 31 ting E ; Blum , John N ; Chandler , Alfred D ; Rice , Sylvia , ( Eds ) The Le t te rs of The odore R o o s e v e l t E i ght vo l ume s Volwne VII The Days of A rm a gedd o n , 1909-1914 Cambr id ge , Nas sachus e t t s : Harvard Univers ity Pre s s , 1954 of the S ix t e e nth R epubl ican Nat ional Conve n t i o n Held New York : 19Ib in Ch i c a �o , I l l in o i s , June z , � 2_, and 10 Off i c ial Report ( Ed ) The B e n ch and Bar of I llino i s : H is t o ri cal Palme r , J ohn IV! and R e m in i s c en t Two v o l um eS:- Chicago : The Le w i s P ub l i s h in g Company , 1899 Volume I I Chicago : The Un iver Pease , The odo re Calvin Th e Story of I l l in o i s sity of Chicago Pre s s , 1948 �evised edition of the 1925 book Rogers , Lindsay 1926 The Ameri can Senate Rose , J ame s A ( S e c re tary Rose , J am e s A ( Se cretary New Alfred A Knopf , York : of S tate of the St a te of Illino is of the S ta t e of I ll in o i s , 12.Q.2 Springfield , Illino i s S tate Journal Company , S tate Printer , 19 06 ) B l ue :S o ok of State of the S tat e Blue B o ok of the S tate o f Illino is : Illinois : of Illinois ) Illinois , 190? Springfield , S tate Printers , 1908 Phil l i ps Bro thers , Ro s e , Jame s A ( S e c re tary of S tate of the State of Illino is ) Blue B o o k of the State of Illinois , 1911 Danville , Illinois : Illino i s Printing C ompany , 1911 S t e ve n so n , Lewis G ( S e cre tary of State of B lue B o ok o f the S tate o f I l l i n o i s Illino i s : Stone , Ralph A Illinois Prin t in g Company , Th e I rre c on c ilabl e s : of Nation s S tate C o o p e t i v e The Townsend , g 191 the State Illinois ) • The F i gh t A ga in st the League S cholarly Publ i s hin g Agency : University Pre s s o f Kentucky , 1970 Walter A D e m o c c y : Illino i s of , ill.-.2 916 Danv i ll e , !!:_ History of th e Pa rt y and Charles B o e s chenste in , edito r Two v o l um e s Volume I Springf i e ld , I llin o i s : D emo crati c Historical A s s o c iation , Incorporated , 1935 I t s :R epre s entat ive Membe rs-Past and Pre s ent Transac tions of the I l l in o i s S tate I l l in o i s : 1905-1934 Tumul t y , J o se ph Historical Society Springfield , Society , volumes for I llino i s S tate Historical �- Wo odro w W i l son As I Garden C i ty Pub l i s hin g Company , Kne w 1921 Hi."11 Garden C ity , New York : - Wendt , Lloyd , and Kogan , The Bobbs-Nerrill Woods , Harry 132 Herman B ig B ill of Chicago Company , Incorporated , 1953 · ( Secre tary of New York : of the State of Illino is ) B lue 1fil, 1914 Danville , I llinois : Company , 1914 S tate Book of the S tate of Illino i s , Illino is Printing - VOTE FOR UN I TED STA'I'ES SENATOR IN ILLIN O I S , NOVEMBER J , 19llr Republ i can C oun t i e s Adams D Alexand e r R Bond - R Boone R Bureau C alh o un C arro l l D R D R Cass D Champai gn R Christ ian C lark Cl ay C linton R R , 489 719 , 029 , 383 456 , 073 287 , 15 R D D 174 , 265 62 Cole s R Cook ( s e e below ) 230 563 857 455 Cumberland R 165 128 D eKalb R DeWitt R 600 C ra.I-rford Douglas Pro gre s s ive S o c ial i s t Proh ibition Labor l'arty Raymond Adolph G e o rge Germer Woolsey J ohn M Plural i t i e s Lawren c e Brown S o c ial i s t Democrati c R 151 816 Y R o ge r C Sherman Sull ivan , 008 , 497 , 883 , 987 548 , 918 614 , 806 , 242 , 282 , 958 , 497 , 778 854 , 174 , 336 , 611 , 314 , 174 , 840 , 411 , 659 , 061 , 010 521 , 004 , 845 01 591 , 416 , 017 , 896 , 084 , 19 , 719 , 05 , 283 , 013 l , 46 1 , 194 R obin s , 66 236 564 604 506 , 400 36 427 846 , 479 , 003 625 255 431 165 67 43 63 11 198 13 53 67 05 245 30 18 12 109 14 60 23 54 13 18 54 89 89 55 , 478 943 '3 09 27 52 23 62 24 46 , 508 55 991 -133- 127 Fran c e s 77 59 243 62 37 - 3 18 13 67 27 42 14 39 34 -ly+S o c ial i s t Plural i t i e s C o un t i e s Republ ican Lawre n c e Sherman DuPage Fil c;ar Edwa:r.d s r E:ff ingham Fay e tte Ford p D R D R R Frankl in Fulton Gallat in · Gre e n e Grundy Hamilton D Hardin R R R D D R Hancock R Hende rson R Henry Iroquo is Jack son Jasper Jefferson p R R R R J ersey R JoDa.viess R Johnson R Kane Kankakee p H , 118 948 896 563 484 230 793 812 412 562 , 138 36 47 240 453 150 , 578 783 83 307 85 401 892 , 735 , 937 ·2 , 131 , 273 , 447 , 517 , 641 , 276 , 904 , 867 923· , 009 , 079 , 473 , 798 87 , 087 , 861 , 350 , 420 , 623 , 826 , 546 , ·09l� , 527 , 854 , 344 Y Democrats Pro gre s s ive S o c ia l i s t Prohibition Labo r Party Roger C Raymo nd Adolph G e orge J o hn M Sull ivan , 620 , 221 551 , 080 , 157 803 , 111 , 055 , 335 , 71 737 , 509 , 319 635 595 , 640 , 772 , 637 , $0 , 519 , 461 , 693 635 , 744 , 407 Robin s , 249 , 241 194 387 900 , 046 621 ) , 614 170 360 41 597 , 218 80 643 , 011 , 328 , 17 353 713 137 804 423 , 589 , 818 G ermer 93 70 · 31 74 27 34 853 31 68 129 40 93 22 21 219 44 150 25 86 52 47 317 60 Woolsey 69 41 29 18 83 40 55 117 10 20 44 15 87 13 22 52 71 43 43 J8 22 44 30 109 39 Franc e s 10 " 26 44 9 13 20 10 24 -135 S o c ial i s t R epub l i can Lawrenc e Kendall Knox R R Lak e R LaSall e D Laurence R Lee R Liv in gston R Lor;an Hae on Macoupin Mad i son R R R R Narion R l1arshall Nason Massac R D R McDonough McHenry R McLean R Menard Mercer Honroe l1ontgomery R Moultrie Ogl e R Morgan Demo c rat s Pro gre s s ive Soc ial i s t Prohibition Labo r Party J ohn M Fra.n c e s Plural it i e s C o un t i e s R R R n R R 521 , 915 , 253 413 473 , 371 , 536 157 , 59 812 , 354 238 115 300 , 142 , 576 , 895 l , 85Z 109 903 40J 923 895 115 , 601 Y R o ger C , Raymond Adolph George She rman Sullivan Robin s Germer Woolsey , 176 , 980 , 225 , 104 · , 500 , 944 , 29 , 332 , 668 250 , 972 , 972 , 517 , 027 , 573 , 762 , 175 , 075 , 599 655 , 065 , 77 , 183 322 , 237 , 565 , 36 , 89 , 057 , 491 , 37 15 199 251 J40 98 · 79 55 131 2J4 631 , 237 257 92 27 31 81 23 2)4 , 411 , 068 , 375 , 578 , 546 , 509 , 646 , 254 , 114 , 360 , 271+ , 763 , 593 J , 503 , 07 , 846 , 714 , 964 , 463 , 846 367 , 070 , 359 , 262 , 251 l , J7 1 , 360 , 670 , 608 , 192 927 446 399 270 48 , 135 , 906 317 878 188 853 , 057 570 , 245 J4 106 15 464 96 22 63 64 58 91 94 35 37 43 92 84 95 71 21 46 19 90 20 217 31 46 20 45 29 5 32 28 51 12 10 15 104 20 44 16 26 74 4 - 136- Republ ican Lawrence Sherman P ik e R R D R Pope R Pulask i R Putnam R n:-,,nd.o l ph D R ichl2,nd R Tiock I slandR SaHne R �);:: n camon R �3 chuyl e r D i".J c o t t R Shelby H :J ·�a:ck R :J t , Clair H i) tcphen ::;on R '11