[...]... Beta-conglycinin Abbreviated β-conglycinin One of the (structural) categories of proteins produced in seeds of legumes In general, β-conglycinin contains one-quarter to onethird as much cysteine (cys) and methionine (met) per unit of protein as does glycinin β-conglycinin has greater emulsifying capacity (in water) and emulsion stability than does glycinin, so its presence can assist the manufacture of. .. (effectiveness) of the test substance See also IMMUNOASSAY, BIOASSAY, LUMINESCENT ASSAY, HYBRIDIZATION SURFACES Assimilation The formation of self cellular material from small molecules derived from food See also INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR- 1 (IGF-1), RIBOSOMES, MESSENGER RNA (mRNA) Association of Biotechnology Companies (ABC) An American trade association of companies involved in biotechnology and services to biotechnology. .. chains) of the Y (i.e., the handles of the taped together hockey sticks) is similar for all antibodies The stem is known as the Fc region of the antibody, and it does not bind to antigens, but does have other regulatory functions The two arms of the Y are each made up of two side-by-side proteins called light chains and heavy chains (proteins are chains of amino acids), with identical antigen-binding... FRAMEWORK FOR REGULATION OF BIOTECHNOLOGY, MICROORGANISM, GENETIC ENGINEERING Aplastic Anemia An autoimmune disease of the bone marrow See also AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE APO B-100 See LOW - DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS (LDLP), APOLIPOPROTEINS, VERY LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS (VLDL) APO-1/Fas See CD95 PROTEIN Apoenzyme The protein portion of a holoenzyme Many (but not all) enzymes are composed of functional “pieces” (i.e.,... purpose of “providing a multi- and interdisciplinary forum for those persons from academia, industry, and government who are interested in any and all aspects of biotechnology, and will achieve its aims by cooperation with existing organizations active in the field.” To join, write to ASB, P.O Box 2820, Sausalito, California, 9496 6-2 820 See also BIOTECHNOLOGY, INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY. .. 1984, the ABC tended to consist of the smaller firms involved in biotechnology (and service firms that worked for all biotechnology companies) In 1993, the ABC was merged with the Industrial Biotechnology Association (IBA) to form the Biotechnology Industry Organization (BIO) See also INDUSTRIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY ASSOCIATION ( IBA ), BIOTECHNOLOGY INDUSTRY ORGANIZATION ( BIO ), BIOTECHNOLOGY Astaxanthin A carotenoid... formed by adding back water to (dehydrated) A-DNA B-DNA is the form of DNA of which James Watson and Francis Crick first constructed their model in 1953 It is found in fibers of very high (92%) relative humidity and in solutions of low ionic strength This corresponds to the form of DNA that is prevalent in the living cell See also DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID (DNA), A-DNA, ION, CELL BAC Acronym for Bacterial Artificial... defense protein that consists of two classes of polypeptide chains, light (L) chains and heavy (H) chains A single antibody molecule consists of two identical copies of the L chain and two of the H chain They are synthesized (made) by the immune system (B lymphocytes) of the organism The antibody is composed of four proteins linked together to form a Y-shaped bundle of proteins (looks somewhat like a slingshot... the manufacture of firmer tofu, and better protein-based (emulsion) drinks See also PROTEIN, CYSTEINE (cys), METHIONINE (met), GLYCININ, EMULSION Beta-D-Glucouronidase See GUS GENE Beta-Glucan See WATER SOLUBLE FIBER Beta-lactam Antibiotics A category of antibiotics (e.g., penicillin G, ampicillin, etc.) that kill targeted bacteria by altering their essential cellular function of enzymatic controls that... act to capture and halt singlet oxygen (O-) free radicals; which can damage DNA in cells (causing mutations) Since oxidation of lipids in the blood is the intitial step in atherosclerosis, consumption of large amounts of certain antioxidants (e.g., flavonoids) may prevent atherosclerosis Because oxidation reactions within the body often lead to formation of tissue-damaging free radicals (molecules containing . of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Nill, Kimball R. Glossary of biotechnology terms / Kimball R. Nill 3rd ed. p. cm. ISBN 1-5 871 6-1 2 2-2 1. Biotechnology Dictionaries. I. Title. TP248.16. Number 1-5 871 6-1 2 2-2 Library of Congress Card Number 2002017441 Printed in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 Printed on acid-free paper Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication. Science. © 2002 by CRC Press LLC 0-8 493-XXXX-X/01/$0.00+$1.50 © 2001 by CRC Press LLC A Glossary of Biotechnology Terms A A-DNA A particular right-handed helical form of DNA (possessing 11 base pairs