applied statistics using spss, statistica, matlab and r - joaquim p. marques

[...]... Square Error r. v Random variable ROC Receiver Operating Characteristic SSB Between-group Sum of Squares SSE Error Sum of Squares SSLF Lack of Fit Sum of Squares SSPE Pure Error Sum of Squares SSR Regression Sum of Squares xxiii xxiv Symbols and Abbreviations SST Total Sum of Squares SSW Within-group Sum of Squares TNR True Negative Ratio TPR True Positive Ratio VIF Variance Inflation Factor Tradenames... most readers employing the book will have already some knowledge of elementary statistics, no previous course in probability or statistics is needed in order to study and use the book The first two chapters introduce the basic needed notions on probability and statistics In addition, the first two Appendices provide a short survey on Probability Theory and Distributions for the reader needing further... distributed as) F Pe probability of misclassification (error) Pc probability of correct classification df degrees of freedom xdf,α α-percentile of X distributed with df degrees of freedom bn,p binomial probability for n trials and probability p of success Bn,p binomial distribution for n trials and probability p of success u uniform probability or density function U uniform distribution gp geometric probability... of using small cursive font as in the first edition Finally, I have also paid much attention to correcting errors, misprints and obscurities of the first edition J.P Marques de Sá Porto, 2007 Preface to the First Edition This book is intended as a reference book for students, professionals and research workers who need to apply statistical analysis to a large variety of practical problems using STATISTICA,. .. XF: {commerce, industry, services} → {−1, 0, 1} XE: {bad, mediocre, fair, good, excellent} → {0, 1, 2, 3, 4} XR: [90 Ω, 110 Ω] → [−10, 10] The value domains (or domains for short) of the variables XF and XE are discrete These variables are discrete random variables On the other hand, variable XR is a continuous random variable The values of a nominal (or categorial) discrete variable are mere symbols... Microsoft Corporation MATLAB The MathWorks, Inc SPSS SPSS, Inc STATISTICA Statsoft, Inc WINDOWS Microsoft Corporation 1 Introduction 1.1 Deterministic Data and Random Data Our daily experience teaches us that some data are generated in accordance to known and precise laws, while other data seem to occur in a purely haphazard way Data generated in accordance to known and precise laws are called deterministic... compute for nominal data are the ones that are invariable under a biunivocal transformation, namely: category counts; frequencies (of occurrence); mode (of the frequencies) The domain of ordinal discrete variables, as suggested by the name, supports a total order relation (“larger than” or “smaller than”) It is unique up to a strict monotonic transformation (i.e., preserving the total order relation)... matrix α significance level (1−α is the confidence level) xα α-percentile of X ε tolerance Abbreviations FNR False Negative Ratio FPR False Positive Ratio iff if an only if i.i.d independent and identically distributed IRQ inter-quartile range pdf probability density function LSE Least Square Error ML Maximum Likelihood MSE Mean Square Error PDF probability distribution function RMS Root Mean Square... population growth process for k = 3: a) p1 = 0.1; b) p1 = 0.100001 The random-like behaviour exhibited by some iterative series is also present in the so-called “random number generator routine” used in many computer programs One such routine iteratively generates xn as follows: x n +1 = αx n mod m 1.2 Population, Sample and Statistics 5 Therefore, the next number in the “random number” sequence is obtained... a random variable has a direct correspondence to the outcomes of a random experiment, but this is not compulsory Table 1.4 lists random variables corresponding to the examples of the previous section Italicised capital letters are used to represent random variables, sometimes with an identifying subscript The Table 1.4 mappings between the event and the value domain are: XF: {commerce, industry, services} . Applied Statistics Using SPSS, STATISTICA, MATLAB and R With 195 Figures and a CD 123 Joaquim P. Marques de Sá Applied Statistics Using SPSS, STATISTICA, MATLAB and R Printed on acid-free. free for general use. ISBN 97 8-3 -5 4 0-7 197 1-7 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York Prof. Dr. Joaquim P. Marques de Sá Universidade do Porto Fac. Engenharia 420 0-4 65 Porto Portugal e-mail:. RMS Root Mean Square Error r. v. Random variable ROC Receiver Operating Characteristic SSB Between-group Sum of Squares SSE Error Sum of Squares SSLF Lack of Fit Sum of Squares SSPE Pure