HỘI CÁC TRƯỜNG CHUYÊN VÙNG DUYÊN HẢI HỘI CÁC TRƯỜNG CHUYÊN VÙNG DUYÊN HẢI VÀ ĐỒNG BẰNG BẮC BỘ TRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN LAM SƠN THANH HÓA ĐỀ THI ĐỀ XUẤT ĐỀ THI MÔN TIẾNG ANH KHỐI 11 NĂM 2016 Thời gian làm bà[.]
HỘI CÁC TRƯỜNG CHUYÊN VÙNG DUYÊN HẢI ĐỀ THI MÔN: TIẾNG ANH VÀ ĐỒNG BẰNG BẮC BỘ KHỐI 11 TRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN LAM SƠN- THANH HÓA NĂM 2016 ĐỀ THI ĐỀ XUẤT Thời gian làm bài: 180 phút (Đề gồm 12 trang) LISTENING (50 points) I You are going to hear an acupuncturist talking about his work Listen and complete the note by filling in the gap with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS ACUPUNCTURE In Chinese medicine, “chi” is the (1) of the body Healthy people have an (2) _ of “chi” Acupuncture can make a person’s energy flow (3) again Before starting treatment, the acupuncturist reviews the patient’s (4) _ He also takes the patient’s (5) By doing this, he can decide whether the patient’s body is being affected by either (6) _of energy The body’s energy flow can be (7) by inserting and twisting the needles The Chinese (8) acupuncture as an anesthetic According to the acupuncturist, conventional medicine is becoming less (9) Some people prefer acupuncture to conventional treatment because they believe they are in (10) of their bodies II Listen to the talk and answer questions 11- 18 Questions 11-15: Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) 11 The speaker has come from the Theosophical Society 12 One of the main points of the talk is to save money 13 She thinks students should more housework 14 She argues that plastic containers won’t biodegrade quickly 15 She warns that asthma sufferers would be careful with her recipes Questions 16-18: Choose the correct answer A, B or C 16 To move tea or coffee stains you should use _ A bicarbonate of soda B a vacuum cleaner C.milk 17 if you burn your saucepan accidentally, you should A give it to a friend B wipe it with vinegar C put vinegar and salt in it and boil it 18 If you scratch wooden furniture, you can remove the marks using _ A a salt mixture B sesame oil C olive oil and vinegar III You will hear a Japanese woman being interviewed about her experience of learning English Choose the correct answer, A, B, C or D 19 Ayako started studying English in England because A She was keen to improve her language skills B She had nothing else to with her time C Her husband encouraged her to so D Her employer sent her on a course 20.At first, she found that the classes she attended A Were quite easy and rather boring B Focused on grammar exercise C Were a good way to meet people D Were well taught and organize 21.She says that football interviews on TV were difficult for her because A They spoke very quickly B She didn’t understand the subject C They contained different accent D She wasn’t interested in football 22.What method for building up vocabulary does she recommend? A Reading part of a dictionary every day B Keeping a written list of new expression C Repeating new words until they are memorized D Focusing on expressions from newspapers 23.How does she measure her success? A Her accent is better B Her writing skills have improved C She has a wider vocabulary D Her teacher gives her feedback 24.What difficulty does she say Japanese causes her in relation to English? A The writing system is very different and hard to translate B There are many English words that are confusingly similar C Japanese people speak more slowly than the English D Japanese contains American words with different meanings 25.She says that the best advice for people arriving in England is to A Have friends from your own country who understand you B Follow your interests in reading newspapers and watching TV C Go shopping in supermarkets so you don’t need to speak D Try to make friends with English people who can teach you GRAMMAR AND LEXCIOLOGY (30 points) Questions 1- 10: Choose the best word to fill in each gap The increasing popularity of the telephone has been rather _to the art of letter writing A Negative B detrimental C destructive D prejudicial The director uses a variety of techniques to up suspense in the film A Make B arouse C build D develop Live theatre has proved to be very _art form A durable B lengthy C elongated D constant The book was so _that he stayed up until a.m to finish it A Grasping B grabbing C gripping D holding C nothing D nowhere The film was _near as good as the novel A Not B no If I had invented the book, I would be as a genius A Accosted B hailed C exalted D addressed The film was a bit on plot but the special effects were great A Poor B bad C short D small Some authors use their novels as a to put over a message A Carriage B method C cover D vehicle Her eyes were tired from gazing at the screen of her computer all day A Flickering B twinkling C glimmering D sparkling 10.They were able to over their meal and enjoy it instead of having to rush back to work A Loiter B stay C linger D dwell Questions 11- 15: The passage below contains mistakes Identify the mistakes and correct them (5 points) My heroine is my father He’s always trying to help me I remember when I was sixteen, I thought I knew something I really wanted to live school I disliked sitting around in class all day surrounding by other bored students I was starting to imagine having a much more adventurous life I considered join the army, but my father convinced me not to that I remember him getting very angry and crying about it Then he became very serious and urged me to keep going to school when I was eighteen I’m just glad I listened to him Eg: heroine hero Questions 16- 20: Complete each sentence with a suitable preposition in each space 16.Despite his strong craving _a cigarette John managed to avoid smoking until he got out of the habit completely 17.Is your car still _offer or has it been bought by anyone? 18.I got up at six, started my work half an hour later and stayed there until p.m with no free time _between 19.It is usually difficult to establish Patrick’s whereabouts He’s constantly the move 20.The police arrived immediately after the call and caught the burglar the spot Questions 21- 30: Use the word given in capitals in brackets to form a word that fits in the space to complete the passage This is the story of an (21) _(ORDINARY) quest It begins in a small and (22) (SIGNIFY) place on a tributary one thousand miles up the River Amazon and ends in a city of a million people Between the fears with which my journey started and the new,(23) (SAD) understanding of my return to civilization lies an experience that was for me both exhilarating and (24) (SETTLE) I went there because I wanted to examine my relationship with and thoughts about, the natural world, and I chose the Amazon because in spite of many recent changes, it remains the greatest single expression of (25) _(TAME) nature on this planet The vast area has inspired dreams and (26) (NIGHT) ever since reports of the river and forest reached Europe in 1500 Even the name men gave it was (27) _(MYSTERY), based on highly (28) (SPECULATE) accounts from early explorers in the region, of female (29) _(WAR) similar to the Amazons of Greek mythology But soon even this mighty rain forest will be broken up into mere patches of (30) _(WILD), disciplined between roads and fields, towns and plantations, and I wanted to see it while it was still outside man’s control READING (60 points) Complete the following passage by filling the gap with the best answer A, B, C or D Me and My Health I never seem to stop I’m not so much a workaholic as the (1) ‘girl who can’t say no’ Not only have I never learned to organize my time, I need the deadline to pass before I get going Then I wonder why I feel (2) I’m very good at whipping up false energy Without (3) _ rest, though, I start to look grey and then, apart from a good night’s sleep, the only thing that brings me back to life is meditation I find that 20 minutes’ meditation is (4) _to a night’s sleep and that keeps me going Somehow though, I never get around to meditating on a daily (5) I’m no good in the morning By the time I’ve managed to get up and repair the (6) _of the night, half of the day’s gone When it comes to food, I’m a hostess’s nightmare As I suffer from migraine, I avoid cheese and (7) _ like coffee, red wine and spirits, which are generally (8) to trigger and attack I only eat rye bread, as the gluten in wheat makes me feel bloated and ropy I’ve (9) _countless migraine ‘cures’, from the herbal remedy feverfew to acupuncture Acupuncture (10) _balance the system, but nothing stops the attacks A innovative B first C foremost D original A apathetic B exhausted C grueling D spent A sufficient B severe C acceptable D minimal A compatible B alike C equivalent D proportional A way B basis C routine D manner A damages B wrecks C ravages D ruins A stimulations B stimulants C stimulus D stimulating A foreseen B maintained C regarded D thought A tried B experimented C searched D proved 10.A assists B improves C restores D helps Complete the following article by using one suitable word for each space Slim chance Cross your heart and swear in all honesty that you have never ever been on a diet If so, lucky you! You must be supremely confident about your (11) _, enviably restrained in your eating habits or blessed with an ability to eat what you like without gaining (12) In a society whose most potent icons are abnormally thin models, fat has become, quite literally, a dirty (13) - one of the earliest epithets to be hurried around the school playground These days, children begin to restrict their (14) _ intake as early as age nine By fifteen, as many as one girl in three thinks she should be on a (15) _ This obsession with losing weight fuels a multi-million pound slimming industry which grows ever more inventive in its attempts to persuade veteran (16) _ that “this one really works” Meanwhile, it is obvious to many people that diets don’t work -at least, not in the long-term If they did, we would be getting thinner, but in fact we are getting (17) _ As many as nine out of ten dieters needn’t have bothered dieting at all as they put back the weight they (18) _; and up to half end up (19) _ even more than they did before Most of these people see their problem as a personal failure- they think they should have been more strong -minded This is a fallacy, however, for there is growing evidence that many dieters get locked into a losing battle with their (20) bodies, which fight like mad to resist the starvation process There is also a good reason to believe that dieting may be bad for you-particularly if it leads to regular fluctuations in weight Reading passage 1: read the passage and choose the best option A, B, C or D to answer the following questions The Underground Railroad Slavery was legal for over 200 years in some parts of North America, particularly the southern states of the United States, where the plantation system of agriculture depended on the labor of slaves, most of whom came from Africa Slaves had no rights or freedoms because they were thought of as property From the time of its origin, slavery had opponents The abolitionist movement began in the 1600s when the Quakers in Pennsylvania objected to slavery on moral grounds and wanted to abolish the institution In 1793, Canada passed a law abolishing slavery and declared that any escaped slaves who came to Canada would be free citizens Slavery was already illegal in most northern states; however, slaves captured there by slave hunters could be returned to slavery in the South Canada refused to return runaway slaves or to allow American slave hunters into the country It is estimated that more than 30,000 runaway slaves immigrated to Canada and settled in the Great Lakes region between 1830 and 1865 The American antislavery movement was at the height of its activity during the 1800s, when abolitionists developed the Underground Railroad, a loosely organized system whereby runaway slaves were passed from safe house to safe house as they fled northwards to free states or Canada The term was first used in the 1830s and came from an Ohio clergyman who said, “They who took passage on it disappeared from public view as if they had really gone to ground” Because the Underground Railroad was so secret, few records exist that would reveal the true number of people who travelled it to freedom The most active routes on the railroad were in Ohia, Indiana, and western Pennsylvania Runaway slaves usually traveled alone or in small groups Most were young men between the ages of 16 and 35 (A) The fugitives hid in wagons under loads of hay or potatoes, or in furniture and boxes in steamers and on rafts (B) They traveled on foot through swamps and woods, moving only a few miles each night, using the North Star as a compass Sometimes they moved in broad daylight (C) Boys disguised themselves as girls, and girls dressed as boys In one well-known incident, twentyeight slaves escaped by walking in a funeral procession from Kentucky to Ohio (D) The railroad developed its own language The trains were the large farm wagons that could conceal and carry a number of people The tracks were the backcountry roads that were used to elude the slave hunters The stations were the homes and hiding places where the slaves were fed and cared for as they moved north The agents were the people who planned the escaped routes The “conductors” were the fearless men and women who led the slaves toward freedom The “passengers” were the slaves who dared to run away and break for liberty Passengers paid no fare and conductors received no pay The most daring conductor was Harriet Tubman, a former slave who dedicated her life to helping other runaways Tubman made 19 trips into the South to guide 300 relatives, friends and strangers to freedom She was wanted dead or alive in the South, but she was never captured and never lost a passenger A determined worker, she carried a gun for protection and a supply of drugs to quiet the crying babies in her rescue parties A number of white people joined the effort, including Indiana banker Levi Coffin and his wife Catherine, who hid runaways in their home, a “station” conveniently located on three main escape routes to Canada People could be hidden there for several weeks, recovering their strength and waiting until it was safe to continue on their journey Levi Coffin was called the “president of the Underground Railroad” because he helped as many as 3,000 slaves to escape The people who worked on the railroad were breaking the law Although the escape network was never as successful or as well organized as Southerners thought, the few thousand slaves who made their way to freedom in this way each year had a symbolic significance out of proportion to their actual numbers The Underground Railroad continued operating until slavery in the United States was finally abolished in 1865 21.Why did thousands of runaways slaves immigrate to Canada? A They preferred the climate of the Great Lakes region B Working conditions for slaves were better in Canada C Canada had no laws restricting immigration D Former slaves could live as free citizens in Canada 22.The phrase “the term” in paragraph refers to A Antislavery movement C Underground Railroad B Abolitionist D free state 23.The word “fugitives” in paragraph is closest in meaning to A Leaders B old men C runaways D brave ones 24.All of the following are mentioned as methods of escape on the Underground Railroad EXCEPT A Hiding in a hay wagon C riding in a railcar B Wearing a disguise D walking in a procession 25.The author discusses the language of the Underground Railroad in paragraph in order to A Trace the history of American English words B Illustrate the secret nature of the escape network C Point out that some words have more than one meaning D Compare the Underground Railroad to other railways 26.The word “elude” in paragraph is closest in meaning to A Avoid B follow C find D assist 27.Which of the following statements is true about passengers on the Underground Railroad? A Their destination was in the northern states or Canada B They were not allowed to make stops during the journey C Their babies were disguised to look like baggage D They paid the conductors at the end of the journey 28.Why was Harriet Tubman wanted dead or alive in the South? A She was a criminal who carried a gun and sold drugs B She refused to return the runaway slaves that she captured C She was an escaped slave who led others to freedom D She became the president of the Underground Railroad 29.It can be inferred from paragraph that the author most likely believes which of the following about the Underground Railroad? A The people who worked on the railroad should have been arrested B The railroad was unsuccessful because it could not help every slave C Southerners did not know about the railroad until after it closed D The railroad represented a psychological victory for abolitionists 30 Where would the following sentence best fitted into paragraph 4? Women and children also escaped, but they were more easily captured Reading passage A The need for a satisfactory education is more important than ever before Nowadays, without a qualification from a reputable school or university, the odds of landing that plum job advertised in the paper are considerably shortened Moreover, one’s present level of education could fall well short of future career requirements B It is no secret that competition is the driving force behind the need to obtain increasingly higher qualifications In the majority of cases, the urge to upgrade is no longer the result of an insatiable thirst for knowledge The pressure is coming from within the workplace to compete with ever more qualified job applicants, and in many occupations one must now battle with colleagues in the reshuffle for the position one already holds C Striving to become better educated is hardly a new concept Wealthy parents have always been willing to spend the vast amount of extra money necessary to send their children to schools with a perceived educational edge Working adults have long attended night schools and refresher courses Competition for employment has been around since the curse of working for a living began Is the present situation so very different to that of the past? D The difference now is that the push is universal and from without as well as within A student at a comprehensive school receive low grades is no longer as easily accepted by his or her peers as was once the case Similarly, in the workplace, unless employees are engaged in part-time study, they may be frowned upon by their employers and peers and have difficulty even standing still In fact, in these cases, the expectation is for careers to go backwards and earning capacity to take an appreciable nosedive E At first glance, the situation would seem to be laudable; a positive response to the exhortations of politicians for us all to raise our intellectual standards and help improve the level of intelligence within the community Yet there are serious ramifications according to at least one educational psychologist Dr Brenda Gatsby has caused some controversy in academic circles by suggesting that a bias towards what he terms “paper excellence” might cause more problems than it is supposed to solve Gatsby raises a number of issues that affect the individual as well as society in general F Firstly, he believes the extra workload involved in resulting I abnormally high stress levels in both students at comprehensive schools and adults studying after working hours Secondly, skills which might be more relevant to the undertaking of a soughtafter job are being overlooked by employers not interviewing candidates without qualifications on paper These two areas of concern for the individual are causing physical as well as emotional stress G Gatsby also argues that there are attitudinal changes within society to the exalted role education now plays in determining how the spoils of working life are distributed Individuals of all ages are being driven by social pressures to achieve academic success solely for monetary considerations instead of for the joy of enlightenment There is the danger that some universities are becoming degree factories with an attendant drop in standards Furthermore, our education system may be rewarding doggedness above creativity; the very thing tutors ought- to be encouraging us to avoid But the most undesirable effect of this academic paper chase, Gatsby says, is the disadvantage that “user pays” higher education confers on the poor, who invariably lose out to the more financially favored H Naturally, although there is agreement that learning can cause stress, Gatsby’s comment regarding university standards have been roundly criticized as alarmist by most educationists who point out that, by any standard of measurement, Britain’s education system overall, at both secondary and tertiary levels, is equal to that of any in the world Questions 31-37: Match the headings to the paragraphs in the passage The first paragraph has been done for you Eg: Paragraph A- iv 31.Paragraph B 34 Paragraph E 32.Paragraph C 35 Paragraph F 33.Paragraph D 36 Paragraph G 37 Paragraph H i Causes of concern for the individual ii The struggle for better education results in parents sending children to costlier schools iii Doubts as to whether competition is a modern phenomenon iv The value of education in securing employment v Questions raised concerning the over-emphasis placed on paper qualifications vi Reaction to criticism of perceived bias towards paper qualifications vii Social consequences of the push for further education viii Comprehensive school students no longer receive low grades ix Competition in the workplace increasing the need for higher qualifications x Pressure to perform well at school and continue study while working Questions 8-10: Following is a summary of a part of the passage Fill in the gaps with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage Dr Gatsby, an educational psychologist, has suggested that there are problems affecting the individual and society when the workplace is biased towards hiring personnel only on the basis of their (38) He claims that an over-emphasis placed on academic success is causing stress in students at school and in working adults studying part-time Also, more practical skills might be overlooked by employers hiring applicants for jobs However, the most (39) _consequence of this preference for ever more highly qualified applicants, apart from a possible drop in university (40) _ is that those who are unable to afford a higher level of education are disadvantaged Gatsby’s views have not met with universal acceptance WRITING (60 points) Task 1: Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one, using the word given Don’t change the word given You must use between three and eight words including the word given “I haven’t made any firm decisions yet”, said Laurence (OPEN) Laurence said he at that time It would be in your interest to take an earlier train on Sunday (OFF) You would an earlier train on Sunday 3 Although Rudy really didn’t want to play cricket on Sunday, he agreed in the end (DEAD) Despite cricket on Sunday, Rudy agreed in the end Complete the sentence so that it means the same as the first sentence, start with the word given 4.The case may be unusual, but such cases are not completely unheard of Unusual _ 5.The theft was only discovered when the accounts were checked Only _ Task 2: The graph below shows the rate of smoking per 1000 people in Someland from 1960 to 2000 Write a report describing the information in the graph You should write at least 150 words Allow yourself 20 minutes for this task Task 3: Computers and modems have made it possible for office workers to much of their work from home instead of working in offices every day Working from home should be encouraged as it is good for workers and employers Do you agree or disagree? Give reasons for your answer in an essay of about 250 words The End HỘI CÁC TRƯỜNG CHUYÊN VÙNG DUYÊN HẢI ĐÁP ÁN ĐỀ THI MÔN VÀ ĐỒNG BẰNG BẮC BỘ TIẾNG ANH TRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN LAM SƠN- THANH HÓA KHỐI 11 ĐÁP ÁN ĐỀ XUẤT NĂM 2016 Listening (50 points) Each correct answer is worth points energy flow Even flow Blockages or surges 10 (Better) control More balanced Medical history Pulses Increased or reduced Use Personal 11 F 12 T 13 F 14 T 15 F 16 A 17 C 18 C 19 B 20 A 21 C 22 D 23 B 24 D 25 B C B C Grammar and Lexicology: (30 points) Each correct answer is worth point B C A C D A 10 C 11.Something everything 12.Live leave 13.Surrounding surrounded 14.Join joining 15.When until 16.For 17 On 18 In 19 On 20 On 21.Extraordinary 22.insignificant 23.sadened 24 unsettling 25 Untamed 26.nightmares 27.mysterious 28 Speculative 29.warriors 30 Wilderness Reading (60 points) Each correct answer is worth 1.5 points 1.D 2.B 3.A 4.C 11 appearance 12 weight 16 dieters 17.fatter 5.B 6.C 13 word 18 lose 7.B 8.D 14 food 19 weighing 21 D 31.ix 25.B 35.i 27.A 37.vi 22.C 32 iii 23.C 33 x 24.B 34.v 26.A 36.vii 9.A 10.D 15 diet 20.own 28.C 29.D 30.A 38.qualifications on paper 39 undesirable 40 standards Writing (60 points) Task 1: each correct answer is worth point Laurence said he left his options open/had kept his options open/ was leaving his options open/ was keeping his options open at that time You would be better off taking an earlier train on Sunday Despite his being dead (set) against playing cricket on Sunday, Rudy agreed in the end Unusual though the case may be, such cases are not completely unheard of Only when the accounts were checked was the theft discovered Task 2: 20 points Task achievement: points - Present the introduction to the graph properly and fully - Present a clear overview of main trends, difference or stages - Present and illustrate key features clearly and appropriately There is data to support the description - Make effective comparisons Coherence and cohesion: points - Link ideas and information logically There is clear progression throughout - Skillfully manage paragraphing - Manage all aspects of cohesion well (cohesive devices, reference) Lexical resource: points - Use a wide range of vocabulary fluently and flexibly to convey precise meanings - Skillfully use uncommon lexical items with appropriate word choice and collocations - Produce no errors in spelling and/or word formation Grammatical range and accuracy: points - Use wide range of complex structures with flexibility and accuracy - Produce no errors in grammar Task 3: 35 points Task achievement: 14 points - Fully address all parts of the task - Present a fully developed position with relevant, fully extended and well supported ideas Cohesion and coherence: 11 points - Link ideas and information logically There is clear progression throughout - Manage all aspects of cohesion well (cohesive devices, references) - Paragraph sufficiently and appropriately with a clear central topic within each paragraph Lexical resource: points - Use wide range of vocabulary fluently and flexibly Convey precise meanings Skillfully use uncommon lexical items Use appropriate word choice and collocations No errors in spelling and word formation Grammatical range and accuracy: points - Use wide range of complex structures - Free of errors in grammar TAPESCRIPT Part 1: Acupuncturist An acupuncturist I think it’s important to understand the philosophy of Chinese medicine, which includes the belief in Chi- the body’s energy flow If you have an even flow of chi you are in good health What acupuncture offers is an ability to tap into the chi It’s the possible to readjust a person’s flow of energy if it has become unbalanced Before I treat anybody I take some time to study a patient’s medical history I also read the body’s pulses We can take the pulse at 12 different places and each place relates to a different organ From this information I can decide if there are any blockages in the flow of energy or indeed any surge of energy It’s at this point that I decide where I’m going to insert the needles These needles increase or reduce the flow of energy when they’re inserted and twisted at the appropriate meridian points Don’t worry- it doesn’t hurt and you won’t bleed Now I believe that acupuncture can benefit most people suffering from disease or who are in pain In China it’s used as an anesthetic I myself used it on my wife when she was having our last child It certainly seemed to reduce her need for pain killers I run two practices There is great interest and I have a long waiting list I think the reason for this is partly because conventional medicine has become increasingly impersonal Ordinary doctors are over-looked and don’t have enough time to spend on each patient It’s often easier and and… quicker for them to hand out pills than to give proper personal attention What acupuncture does is encourage the body to heal itself which is, after all, er a natural tendency There is nothing drastic about the treatment, and I think people feel more in control of their bodies, than when they’re subjected to all that high-tech equipment in a modern hospital Part 2: A talk from a member of the conservation Society about ‘green cleaning’: Good morning everyone It’s a pleasure to be here as a representative of the Conservation Society, to talk to you about “Green Cleaning”, in other words about ways you can help to save the environment at the same time as saving money I’ll start with saving money- as we’re all interested in that, especially students who are living on a tight budget Probably none of you has sat down and calculated how much you spend on cleaning products each year- everything from dishwashing detergent, window cleaners and so on through to shampoos and conditioners for your hair, and then those disasters- products to get stains out of carpets, or to rescue burnt saucepans I can see some nods of agreement, even if you don’t spend a lot of time on housework you’d end up spending quite a lot of money over a period of time, wouldn’t you? We can save money on products and also use products which are cheap, biodegradable and harmless to the environment- these I will call ‘green’ products Unfortunately most cleaning products on sale commercially are none of these, and many of your waterways and oceans are polluted with bleach, dioxins, phosphates and artificial colorings and perfumes Also, think how many plastic bottles each household throws away over a year- they’ll still be around in land-fill when you are grandparents So we often feel there’s nothing we can to make a difference, but we can The actual ‘recipes’ are on handouts you can take at the end of the talk: the sorts of ingredients I’m referring to are things like bicarbonate of soda, eucalyptus oil, ammonia, vinegar, lemons, pure soap Lastly many people find they are allergic to modern products, so for all you asthma sufferers keep listening Nothing in these recipes should cause you any problems, an end to itching and wheezing! So let’s start with spills and stains Soda water is wonderful as an immediate stain remover: mop up the excess spill don’t rub but apply soda water immediately- it’s great for tea coffee wine beer and milk- as is salt or bicarbonate of soda, which will absorb the stain- then vacuum when dry and shampoo if necessary While we are talking about disasters let’s quickly look at some others that can be avoided Bicarbonate of soda is wonderful for removing smells, especially in the fridge- an open box in the fridge will eliminate smells for up to three months And those terrible burnt saucepans? Either sprinkle with our good friend bicarb again and leave it to stand, or cover with vinegar and a layer of cooking salt Bring it to the boil and simmer for ten minutes, then wash when cool Much cheaper than a new saucepan Then there are heat rings on wooden furniture Simply rub with a mixture of salt and olive oil, or for scratched furniture use olive oil and vinegar Now let’s look at general cleaning- first the floors If your floor covering is made of slate, cork or ceramic tiles or lino, it probably only needs a mop or a scrub with vinegar in a bucket of water Carpets can be shampooed using a combination of pure soap, washing soda, cloudy ammonia and some boiling water You put a small amount of this mixture onto the mark on the carpet, rub with a cloth until it lathers and then wipe off the excess A smelly carpet can be deodorized by sprinkling bicarbonate of soda on the surface, leaving overnight and vacuuming off the next day Cleaning in the kitchen, bathroom and toilet is the next section… Người biên soạn đề: Vũ Thị Thu Hiền ĐT: 0915798009