Báo cáo " Đảm bảo an toàn thông tin trong các thư viện hiện đại " pdf

%/^M&4o AH "IOAH iJdj\ici m img e4e uu vjtt^ MH %A!) NGUYEN Cl/ONG LINH Dai hoc Van hoa Ha Noi 1. Gidi thieu An toan thdng tin (information security) la mdi quan tam khdng ehi eiia eae cdng ty, td chifc lien quan de'n tai chfnh, ngan hang ma nd eung la mdi quan tam eiia cac thu vien. Dae biet trong nhtfng nam gin day, nhieu thuvlen diu tu ngay cang manh me vao he thd'ng tu ddng hda, xay dung ngudn thdng tin dien tif va td ehife djeh vu trUe tuye'n cho ban dpc. Cac thUvien ngay cang trd nen phu thudc vao cdng nghe thdng tin, he thd'ng mue lue truyen thd'ng din dupc thay bang muc luc dien tif, ngudn lUe thdng tin d dang sd ngay mdt nhieu va cac djch vu thu vien tren trang web trd nen phd bie'n. Thu vien ngay cang "md" eung ddng nghTa vdi viee dam bao an toan thdng tin trong thu vien trd nen khd khan va phifc tap hdn. Chiing ta hay tudng tupng dieu gl se xay ra neu cd sd dif lieu ma thu vien da xay dung vdi hang chuc ngan bieu ghi tu nhien bie'n mat? Cae thdng tin ve ban dpc eiia thu vien tU nhien "khdng canh ma bay" hoac he thd'ng phan mem va eac thdng tin/dtf lieu khae do thu vien tao ra khdng edn tdn tai hay van hanh khdng nhu mong dpi? Ne'u may tfnh cua ban da timg bj "nhiim" mdt loai virut nao dd chac han ban da thay dupe sU khd chju khi chiec may tinh eiia minh hoat ddng ngoai y mudn. Don gian thi nd eung hoat ddng cham chap va chap chdn, nang hdn ed the la mat du lieu ma ban td'n nhieu cdng sUc de tao ra. Trong mdt thU vien hien dai, sU tdn that cd the cdn nang ne hdn the ne'u thU vien khdng cd chfnh sach quan ly, sif dung may tfnh va mang may tinh mdt each hdp ly. 2. An toan thong tin la gi? Cd nhung quan diem cho rang an toan thdng tin la viee ngan chan cae eude tan cong nham mue dfeh pha hoai thdng tin eiia cac cd quan, td ehife nhat djnh. Tuy nhien, trong ITnh vufc thu vien, khai niem an toan thdng tin dupe hieu theo nghTa eu the hdn. Theo Banerjee (2003), an toan thdng tin la viee dam bao phin eufng, eae djeh vu, cae chUdng trinh va thdng tin ludn d trang thai sin sang cho ban dpc sif dung. Quan diem nay neu ra cae yeu td lien quan de'n an toan thdng tin va nhan manh vao mue dfeh ciia van de an toan thdng tin. Trong thufc te, an toan thdng tin trong thu vien lien quan den nhieu ye'u td khae nhau nhu eac chi'nh sach, ndi quy, quy djnh, thii tue an toan, sU toan ven eiia he thdng may tfnh eung nhU sU toan ven du Tap chf THU VIEN VIET NAM (19) Anh minh hoa Anh: M.M lieu/thdng tin dupe lUu giif trong dd. Nhin mdt each tdng quan, dam bao an toan thdng tin trong thU vien la viee bao ve thdng tin va he thd'ng thdng tin khdi eac truy cap, ehinh sifa hoac sif dung thdng tin trai phep. Viee dam bao an toan thdng tin trong thu vien la dam bao 3 yeu clu: bf mat, toan ven va san sang sir dung. Bf mat: khong dupe truy cap, sir dung hoac tie't Id khi khdng dupc phep (vf du: eae thdng tin ca nhan ciia ban dpc, cac thdng tin ve Ijeh sif mUdn - tra tai lieu eua ban dpc, ). Toan ven: dam bao suf chi'nh xac, khdng thay ddi ddi vdi thdng tin gd'c (vf du: eae thdng tin thU mue trong ed sd dif lieu, thdng tin tren trang web eiia thU vien, ). Sin sang: thdng tin d trang thai san sang eho viec truy cap va sir dung (vf du: he thdng OPAC, eae ngudn tin dien tif, ). De thue hien dupe cae yeu elu tren la van de khdng ddn gian bdi nd lien quan den nhieu ye'u td, trong dd cd quyen truy cap va sif dung thdng tin ciia eon ngudi. Viee dam bao an toan thdng tin thudng de xung dot vdi viec dam bao tfnh "md" (tao dieu kien thuan Ipi trong viee truy cap, sif dung mpi ndi, mpi lue) cua thu vien hien dai. Banerjee (2003) cung khang djnh day la van de khd khan bdi nd lien quan den viee ngan can ban dpc lam mdt sd viee nhit djnh. Van de la d chd cac thUvien cin phai dung hda dupc mdi quan he giifa hai ye'u td nay. Breeding (2003) cung nhan manh: "ehiing ta phai dam bao sU can bang giira hai ben, mdt ben la cae yeu td riii ro, mdt ben la tinh sin sang eiia thdng tin va kha nang truy cap tdi chiing". Ve Cd ban, hai nhdm ehinh sach ma thu vien cin dung hda dUdc md ta nhU bang dudi day: Cac chinh sach han che, ngan chan * Cai dat chUdng trinh phdng va diet virut * Khda cdng USB, khda d CD * Chan mdt sd djeh vu (Vi du: chat - Yahoo Messenger, truyen tep tin - FTP) * Khda mdt sd chUe nang eiia trinh duyet Web va eac irng dung khac * Khdng eho cai dat phin mem, khdng cho truy cap va thay ddi eac tham sd hoac eau hinh ciia he dieu hanh * Cac chinh sach mci, tao dieu kien * Dam bao tinh sin sang eiia thdng tin va cae djch vu * Tao kha nang truy cap mpi ndi mpi lue * Phue vu thdng tin dung ngUdi diing, diing thdi diem * 32 TU bang tren ed the thay neu thU vien that chat hoac tha Idng cac "ehinh sach han che" thi se anh hudng de'n eac "chi'nh sach md" va ngUpe lai. Vf du, de phdng tranh kha nang xam nhap ciia virut vao may tinh, thu vien khda cae cdng USB hoac ngat ket ndi Internet d eae may tfnh. Dieu nay cd the can trd viee truy cap va tie'p can thdng tin eua ngudi dimg va gay nen nhifng phien toai nhat djnh khi hp sir dung thUvien. NgUde lai, ne'u eae cdng USB dupc md, Internet dupe ke't ndi va ngudi diing cd the tu do download, sao chep, cai dat ehUdng trinh eung se gay nen nhtfng riii ro eho he thdng thdng tin. Do dd, dieu quan trpng la eac thu vien phai dam bao can bang va hdp ly eae ehinh sach tren. 3. Tai sao can chu y den van de an toan thong tin trong thuvlen? Shuman (1999) cho rang cae thUvien thudng ed xu hudng tap trung vao cae van de nhu phdng chd'ng trdm cip tai lieu, trang thie't bj va eae van de lien quan den ban dpc ed the gay rdi trong thu vien. Cae van de lien quan de'n an toan thdng tin trong thU vien hau nhU ehUa dupe quan tam dung mUc. Trong thUvien truyen thd'ng, de phdng chd'ng mat mat tai lieu cae thu vien ed the cd nhieu bien phap khac nhau: td ehife tai lieu dang kho ddng, bd tri kho tai lieu d ndi each xa dudng di ldi lai, hien dai hdn thi trang bj cdng tU chd'ng mat cap. Ngoai ra eac thU vien cd the cung cap chd de tui, cap d edng hoac ben ngoai eae phdng dpc, Trong thU vien hien dai, may tfnh, mang may tfnh va Internet da tao nen mdt khdng gian ao nhat djnh khie'n cho viee kiem soat eac mdi de dpa ddi vdi an toan thdng tin trd nen khd khan hdn nhieu. VI vay viee ehu y diu tu dam bao an toan thdng tin trong eac thu vien la viee khdng the thie'u. Banerjee (2003) eho rang ed nhieu nguyen nhan de he thd'ng thdng tin cua cae thu vien bj de dpa (eac eude tan cdng tu ben ngoai vao thdng qua mang Internet). Cd 3 nguyen nhan chfnh la: - Lpi dung tai nguyen phin eifng, chiem khdng gian dTa eifng, CPU, de luu trif va truyen ba eac van hda pham ddi truy, cae tai lieu vi pham ban quyen nham tranh suf kiem soat eiia eae ed quan chire nang. - Ldi dung may ehii hoac eac may tram khae trong mang de lam ban dap tan cdng cae he thd'ng thdng tin khae. - Oanh elp thdng tin ve ban dpc, thay ddi hoac xda bd thdng tin trong cae ed sd dtf lieu eiia thUvien. Ben canh dd, Breeding (2003) khang djnh nguyen nhan chfnh khie'n eae he thd'ng thdng tin nay cd the bj de dpa bdi vl viee quan trj he thd'ng thdng tin trong thu vien thudng ye'u, la eae mue tieu di tan cdng do khdng cd cae chuyen gia an ninh va can bd phu trach he thd'ng mang. Hdn nUa, trong thue te nhieu ke tan cdng pha hoai (hackers) mudn "thuf" cac mue tieu di trude khi thUe hien eac pha hoai dd'i vdi eac he thd'ng Idn hdn. Ngoai cac nguyen nhan tren, nhan thife eiia eae can bd thu vien va ban dpc eung ed vai trd vd ciing quan trpng trong viee dam bao an toan thdng tin trong thu vien. May tinh dimg cho can bd thUvien thudng dupe cau hinh d che dp md hdn so vdi eae may tinh khae. Do dd, cae may tinh nay ed the tai ve va cai dat eae chUdng trinh trd chdi, ehUdng trinh bao ve man hinh, eae ehUdng trinh phin mem miin phi khae. Ne'u eae can bd thu vien va ngUdi diing khdng thufc suy thUe dupe tim quan trpng ciia an toan thdng tin trong thu vien ma sif dung Internet mdt each tuf do cung la mdt mdi nguy hiem dd'i vdi suf an toan eiia thdng tin trong thUvien. Tap chf THU VIEN VIET NAM (19) 33 4. Ai chju trach nhiem van de an toan thong tin trong thUvien? Tat ea can bd thu vien can cd trach nhiem trong van de an toan thdng tin. Tuy nhien, mire dp va pham vi phu trach cua moi ngudi ed the khae nhau. Sd ngudi phu trach va thdi lUdng danh eho viee nay tiiy thudc vao quy md eiia timg thu vien eu the. Tat ea eac van de lien quan de'n an toan thdng tin trong thu vien phai dUde giao eho nhifng ngudi eu the. Vf du cae nhan vien phdng tin hpe quan ly eac van de chung ve edng nghe thdng tin trong thu vien va eae suf cd lien quan xay ra. Ben canh dd, can bd thU vien d mdt phdng dpc cu the cd the dugc giao phu trach cae may tfnh tai phdng dd, cd trach nhiem khae phue va sifa ehtfa eae ldi may tinh thdng thudng. Ngoai viee phan cdng nhan suf phu trach eae van de lien quan den an toan thdng tin, eae thu vien eung eIn ed ke hoach xuf ly kjp thdi khi suf cd xay ra (ne'u ed). Ai se la ngudi diu tien true tie'p giai quye't, khic phue khi mdt sU ed de dpa sU an toan eiia thdng tin xay ra, ne'u khdng khie phue dupc thi budc tie'p theo la lam gl, Tat ea danh mue edng viee, trinh tu giai quye't va nhtfng van de lien quan eIn dupe eu the hda dudi dang chfnh sach, ndi quy, quy djnh cua thu vien. 5. Mot so' yeu to can chu y de dam bao an toan thong tin trong thUvien 5.1. May ehu May chu la mdt trong nhtfng thanh phin quan trpng nhat ciia he thd'ng may tinh trong cae thu vien hien dai. Ngoai ehife nang quan ly he thd'ng mang may tfnh trong thUvien, may ehii la ndi lUu trtf tap trung nhieu dif lieu quan trpng nhu dif lieu ve ngUdi dung tin eua thu vien, dif lieu lien quan de'n van de bd sung tai lieu, dif lieu trong he thd'ng mue lue dien tCf - OPAC, thu dien tif - email, trang web hay cae ngudn tai lieu sd cuia thu vien va eae djch vu thdng tin khae. Cae thu vien ed quy md vUa phai ed the sir dung mot may chii cho nhieu djch vu khac nhau, dieu nay eung ddng nghTa vdi riii ro eao ne'u may chD nay bj tan edng. Dd'i vdi eae thUvien Idn, td't nhat la cae djeh vu khae nhau dupc quan ly bdi eae may ehii khac nhau. Vf du may ehii danh rieng eho he thd'ng OPAC, may ehu Web va email, may ehu danh rieng eho cac ngudn tai lieu sd cuia thUvien, Viec phan chia nay giam thieu rui ro ne'u mdt may nao dd cd van de. Cac thu vien ed the ehii y mdt sd van de sau dd'i vdi cac may ehu: + Cae dich vu khdng can thie't nen dupe de d trang thai khdng hoat ddng, khdng dugc kfeh hoat (disable). Vf du tren may ehu OPAC, cae djch vu eua he dieu hanh khdng eIn thiet cho hoat ddng eua OPAC se khdng dupe hien thj, vi du: Email, Telnet, FTP, + Cai dat cac ehUdng trinh phdng chd'ng virut, cae ehUdng trinh bao ve may chii va he thd'ng mang may tfnh. Cae chUdng trinh nay nen dupe cap nhat thudng xuyen. + Thie't lap he thd'ng tudng lufa (cd the ke't hdp ca phin eifng va phin mem) nham kiem soat eae thdng tin vao va ra khdi mang may tfnh eua thu vien, ngan chan cae truy cap trai phep hoac thdng tin khdng phii hpp. + Khdng hoac han che dimg eae ehUdng trinh gifi email va duyet web tren may ehu chi cai dat nhtfng phin mem va djch vu thufc suf eIn thie't eho mue dfeh quan ly cua may ehii. + Thudng xuyen kiem tra nhat ky truy cap va sif dung he thd'ng (logs). Cd the ke't hpp dung cae phin mem phan tfch viee truy cap va sif dung eae tai nguyen trong mang may tfnh cuia thu vien. 34 Phdng doc Da phuang tien - TVQGVN Anh: H.M + Djnh ky sao luu dU phdng eac thong tin va dtf lieu quan trpng trong he thd'ng. Cae ban sao luu nen dugc lUu trtf va bao quan d mdt ndi an toan trong thu vien hoac ngoai thu vien de de phdng eac kha nang rui ro cd the xay ra. 5.1. May tinh danh eho ban dgc Cae may tfnh dupe trang bj eho ban dpc sif dung trong thu vien la ndi tiem an nhieu ruii ro dd'i vdi van de an toan thdng tin trong thUvien. Cae may tfnh nay dupe trang bj d phdng dpc cdng cdng, phdng truy cap internet, khu vufc tra eUu OPAC hay cae phdng lam viee danh rieng cho mdt dd'i tUpng ban dpc cu the. Tiiy thudc vao muc dfeh chUe nang cua mdi thU vien, mdi phdng ma thu vien cd the trang bj eho ban dpc sif dung cac may tfnh ea nhan - PC (vdi day dii cac thie't bj, linh kien nhu ban man hinh, ban phfm, eon ehudt, dCD, edng USB, ) hay ehi trang bj eac tram lam viec - Workstations (thudng ehi ed man hinh, CPU, ban phfm va con ehudt). Vdi eae may tfnh danh eho ban dpc, eac thu vien nen quan tam tdi mdt sd van de sau: + Cai dat eac chUdng trinh phdng chd'ng virut, dam bao cae chuong trinh nay ludn dupe cap nhat. + Chi trang bj eae tram lam viec (workstations) eho khu tra eifu OPAC ciia ban dpc. + 6 eac phdng khac, ne'u trang bj PC thi nen khda mdt sd ehire nang khdng cin thiet eho hoat ddng eua ban dpc tai phdng dd (Vf du tai phdng truy cap eae dif lieu dien tuf ed the khda d CD, edng USB, neu thU vien khdng eho phep ban dpc sao chep tai lieu). + Kiem tra djnh ky nhat ky truy cap va sir dung may tfnh ciia ban dpc (chu y can nhac quyen va Ipi ich eiia ban dpc eho phii hdp vdi quy djnh eiia phap luat, npi quy eiia thUvien va/hoac cac td chifc chuyen mdn. Vi du ALA (1998). + Djnh ky kiem tra cae may tinh nham phat hien cac chUdng trinh hoac phin mem dupc cai dat trai phep, anh hudng tdi suf van hanh cua may tfnh cung nhu ngudi sif dung va cd cac bien phap xuf ly kjp thdi. + Ngoai ra, cd the khda ehife nang cai dat va lUu trtf (khdng cho phep ban dpc cai dat phin mem va lUu trif eae tep tin tren may tfnh) hoac eho phep ban dpc cai dat chUdng trinh ehi trong phien lam viee va he thd'ng se tuf ddng xda bd tat ea nhtfng cai dat va thay ddi ma ban dpc da lam khi khdi ddng lai may tfnh. + Dao tao ban dpc, cung cap cho hp nhtfng kie'n thife ve an toan thdng tin trong thUvien cung nhu phd bie'n cac ndi quy, quy djnh ve sif dung may tfnh, quyen truy cap, sif dung may tfnh va eac ngudn tin. 5.3. May tinh danh cho can bd thu vien Can bd thUvien la nhtfng ngUdi cd vai trd rat quan trpng trong viec dam bao an toan thdng tin thUvien. Do tfnh chat eua edng viee, can bd thU vien thudng la ngudi cd "quyen" cao hdn ban dpc. Dieu nay dUde the hien d chd may tfnh eiia Tap chi THU VIEN VIET NA 3(19) 35 can bd thu vien dUde trang bj dly dii eae thie't bj phin eifng cung nhu khdng (hoac ft) bj gidi han trong viee cai dat phin mem, thay ddi eae thiet lap va cai dat san ed eua he dieu hanh, dugc phep truy cap nhieu ngudn tin khae nhau (ke ea cae thdng tin ndi bd). Nhtfng dae diem nay giup eho can bd thu vien ed the tae nghiep di dang va thuan tien hdn. Tuy nhien, chfnh nhifng dac diem nay cung ed the gay nen nhtfng riii ro eao ddi vdi van de an toan thdng tin ne'u eac may tfnh dung eho can bd thu vien khdng dupe quan ly chat che va sir dung mdt each hpp ly. 6 eae thu vien Idn, mdt sd can bd lam edng tae nghiep vu ed the dupe trang bj 2 may tinh. Mdt may ehi danh eho edng tae nghiep vu (bd sung, bien mue, quan trj ndi dung, quan ly eae djeh vu eho ban dpc, ), mdt may danh eho eae edng viee khae (email, duyet web, chat, cai dat eae phin mem tien ich, nghe nhac va eac muc dfeh khae). Trong thUe te, hlu he't eac thu vien do dieu kien khd khan nhieu mat nen mdi can bd (hoac nhieu can bd) ehi dugc trang bj 1 may tfnh. Do dd, 1 may tfnh ed the vUa dugc sii dung de thuc hien eae edng viec chuyen mdn, vUa kiem tra email, duyet web, va cae hoat ddng giai tri khae. Dieu nay eung tiem an nhieu riii ro bdi khdng phai tat ea cac can bd thU vien deu y thifc dly dui ve van de an toan thdng tin. Khdng phai ai eung dpc ky eae dieu khoan thda thuan vdi nha cung cap khi cai dat mdt phan mem trd chdi hay mdt chUdng trinh bao ve man hinh nao dd dugc tai xud'ng tU Internet. Cd nhifng ehUdng trinh ed dieu khoan thda thuan dang "cai dat chUdng trinh trd chdi nay eung ed nghTa la ban ddng y cho ehung tdi thu thap eae thdng tin ve thdi quen duyet web, eac trang web ma ban hay truy cap va eae thdng tin ea nhan ciia ban " nhung vin dupe cai dat do ngudi diing khdng dpc ky cae dieu khoan. Ngoai ra ehua ke de'n rat nhieu phan mem miin phf tren Internet ed kem theo virut va cac ehUdng trinh pha hoai khae ed the tu ddng tham nhap vao may tfnh khi dupc cai dat. Do vay, eae thu vien cd the ehii y mdt sd van de sau dd'i vdi may tfnh danh cho can bd: + Cai dat ehUdng trinh phdng chdng virut va cae ehUdng trinh gay hai, dam bao eae ehUdng trinh nay ludn dUde cap nhat. + Khda cae ehife nang khdng cin thiet tren mdt sd may tfnh lam edng tac nghiep vu (tai ve va cai dat phin mem, ). + Kiem tra djnh ky nhat ky truy cap va sir dung may tfnh eiia can bd thu vien (chu y can nhac cho phii hpp vdi quy djnh eiia phap luat, ndi quy eua thUvien va/hoac eac td chifc chuyen mdn. Vf du ALA (1998). + Thudng xuyen sao lufu dU phdng eae dif lieu eIn thie't (nha't la cae dtf lieu khdng dupe sao lUu tren eae may ehii). + Dao tao can bd thu vien ve cac ky nang sir dung may tinh can thie't, nang cao kien thife ve van de an toan thdng tin. 6. Ke't luan Cdng nghe thdng tin da va dang gdp phan tfch cure giup eae thu vien hien dai hda eae hoat ddng chuyen mdn ddng thdi nang cao kha nang va chat lUdng phue vu ngudi dung tin. Do dd viee trang bj may tfnh va eae thie't bj edng nghe thdng tin trong thu vien la rat eIn thie't. Van de la eae thU vien cin quan ly va sijf dung ehiing nhuthe nao eho hieu qua. Tiiy thupc vao quy md, mue dfeh, chifc nang, ddi tupng phue vu va kha nang tai chinh ciia minh, mdi thUvien ed 36 the ed nhtfng ehinh sach khac nhau de dam bao an toan thdng tin trong thuvlen ddng thdi vin tao dieu kien eho ban dpc suf dung thUvien mdt each thuan ldi. Mpt sd van de eIn ehii y de dam bao an toan thdng tin trong thU vien dupc neu d tren cd the la nhieu ddi vdi cac thu vien nhd, khdng ed dui cd sd vat chat va nhan sU de ap dung nhung cd the la thie'u dd'i vdi cae thu vien ed quy md Idn hdn. Tuy nhien, eae thu vien nen cd nhifng mdi quan tam nhat djnh dd'i vdi van de an toan thdng tin ma vin dam bao tao dieu kien eho ban dpc sif dung mdt each thuan Idi. TAI LIEU THAM KHAO 1. American Library Association (1998). Access to electronic information, services, and networks: An interpretation of the Library Bill of Rights. Truy cap ngay 20 thang 6 nam 2008, tai: http://www.ala.org/alaorg/oif/eleetace.htm I. 2. Banerjee, K. (2003). How much security does your library need? Computers in Libraries, 23(5), 12-15. Truy cap ngay 18 thang 6 nam 2008, tU ed sd dtf lieu ProQuest. 3. Breeding, M. (2003). Defending your ILS against security threats. Computers in Libraries, 23(5), 38-40. Truy cap ngay 18 thang 6 nam 2008, tU cd sd du lieu Emerald. 4. Shuman, B. A. (1999). Library secu- rity and safety handbook: prevention, policies, and procedures. Chicago, III: American Library Association. Trong thdi dai biing nd thong tin, van de dam bao an toan thong tin la mdi quan tam khong chi ciia cac cdng ty, to chUc lien quan de'n tai chinh, ngan hang ma nd cung la mdi quan tam ciia cac thU vien. De hieu ro hdn van de nay, tac gia bai vie't da cung cap cho chiing ta nhifng khai niem ve an toan thong tin ndi chung va an toan thong tin trong cac thUvien va trung tam thong tin ndi rieng. Cac ye'u td can thiet de dam bao an toan thong tin trong thU vien; Ly do tai sao phai dam bao an toan thong tin trong thU vien; Cac nguyen nhan chfnh de dpa sU an toan ciia cac he thdng thong tin. Ngoai ra tac gia cung gpi md mpt sd yeu td can chu y de dam bao an toan thong tin trong cac thu vien va trung tam thong tin b Viet Nam, dac biet tai cac thu vien va trung tam thong tin Idn, sif dung nhieu trang thie't bj cong nghe thong tin hien dai phuc vu ban dpc va cong tac nghiep vu. In the era of information explosion, the issue of ensuring information security is of interest of not only banking and finan- cial firms but also libraries. To better understand this issue, the author pro- vides definitions on information security in general and in libraries and information centers, indispensable factors in ensur- ing information security, reasons for ensuring information security in libraries, and major threats to the security of infor- mation systems. Some other factors are also mentioned, especially for big libraries and information centers, which use state-of-the-art information technolo- gies and equipments to support clients and staff. j Tap chi THU VIEN VIET NAM (19) 37 . thdng tin ludn d trang thai sin sang cho ban dpc sif dung. Quan diem nay neu ra cae yeu td lien quan de'n an toan thdng tin va nhan manh vao mue dfeh ciia van de an toan thdng tin. Trong. chfnh sach quan ly, sif dung may tfnh va mang may tinh mdt each hdp ly. 2. An toan thong tin la gi? Cd nhung quan diem cho rang an toan thdng tin la viee ngan chan cae eude tan cong nham. Dao tao can bd thu vien ve cac ky nang sir dung may tinh can thie't, nang cao kien thife ve van de an toan thdng tin. 6. Ke't luan Cdng nghe thdng tin da va dang gdp phan tfch