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  • Contents

  • Acknowledgments

  • Chapter 1 Introduction

    • Some Miscellaneous Thoughts on Piping

  • Chapter 2 Terminology

  • Chapter 3 Reference Materials

  • Chapter 4 Piping Codes

    • ASME B31.1 Power Piping

      • 100.1.2 Scope

      • 100.1.3 Not in Scope

      • 102.3.2 Limits for Sustained and Displacement Stresses

      • 104.1 Pressure Design of Straight Pipe

      • 104.3 Branch Connections

      • 104.3.3 Miters

      • 119 Expansion and Flexibility

      • 137 Pressure Tests

      • 137.4 Hydrostatic Testing

      • 137.5 Pneumatic Testing

    • ASME B31.3 Process Piping

      • 300.1 Scope

      • 300.2 Definitions

      • 301 Design Conditions

      • 301.3.2 Uninsulated Components

      • 302 Design Criteria

      • 302.2.4 Allowances for Pressure and Temperature Variations

      • 304.1.1 Pressure Design of Straight Pipe

      • 304.3 Branch Connections

      • 305.2 Specific Requirements

      • 319.4 Flexibility Analysis

      • 345 Testing

    • ASME B31.9 Building Services Piping

      • 904 Pressure Design of Components

    • Summary of Code Comparisons

  • Chapter 5 Specifications and Standards

  • Chapter 6 Materials of Construction

    • Casting versus Forging

    • Cast Iron Pipe

      • Applications

      • Applicable Specifications

      • Manufacture of Cast Iron Pipe

    • Ductile Iron Pipe

      • Applications

      • Applicable Specifications

      • Manufacture of DI Pipe

      • Fabrication and Assembly of Ductile Iron Pipe

    • Carbon Steel

      • Applications

      • Applicable Standards

      • Manufacture of Carbon Steel Pipe

      • Wall Thicknesses of Carbon Steel Pipe

      • Sizes of Carbon Steel Pipe

      • Fabrication and Assembly of Carbon Steel Pipe

    • Stainless Steel Piping

      • Applications

      • Applicable Specifications

      • Manufacture of Stainless Steel Pipe

      • Fabrication and Assembly of Stainless Steel Piping

    • Copper Tubing

      • Applications

      • Applicable Specifications

      • Manufacture of Copper Tubing

      • Fabrication and Assembly of Copper Tubing

    • Brass Pipe

      • Applicable Specifications

    • Titanium Piping

      • Applications

      • Applicable Specifications

      • Manufacture

      • Fabrication and Assembly of Titanium Pipe

    • Aluminum Piping and Tubing

      • Applications

      • Applicable Specifications

      • Manufacture

      • Fabrication and Assembly of Aluminum Pipe

    • PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) Piping

      • Applications

      • Applicable Specifications

      • Manufacture

      • Fabrication and Assembly of PVC Pipe

    • CPVC (Chlorinated PolyVinyl Chloride) Piping

      • Applications

      • Applicable Specifications

      • Manufacture of CPVC Pipe

      • Fabrication and Assembly of CPVC Pipe

    • Polybutylene (PB) Piping

    • Polyethylene (PE) and High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Piping

      • Applications

      • Applicable Specifications

      • Manufacture of PE pipe

      • Fabrication and Assembly of PE Pipe

    • Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Piping

      • Applications

      • Applicable Specifications

      • Manufacture

      • Fabrication and Assembly of ABS Pipe

    • Cross-Linked Polyethylene (PEX) Piping

      • Applications

      • Applicable Specifications

      • Manufacture of PEX Tubing

      • Fabrication and Assembly of PEX Tubing

    • Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic (FRP) Piping

      • Applications

      • Applicable Specifications

      • Manufacture of FRP

      • Fabrication and Assembly of FRP Pipe

    • Concrete Pipe

      • Applications

      • Applicable Specifications

      • Manufacture of Concrete Pipe

      • Fabrication and Assembly of Concrete Pipe

    • Asbestos Cement Pipe

    • Other Composites

      • Centrifugally Cast Glass-Fiber Reinforced, Polymer Mortar Pipe

      • Lined Piping Systems

    • Elastomers

      • Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF)

      • Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)

      • Nitrile Rubber, or Buna-N

      • Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) Rubber

      • Polychloroprene

      • Fluoropolymer

      • Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) or Polyketones

    • Insulating Materials

      • Fiberglass

      • Calcium Silicate

      • Cellular Glass

      • Foam Synthetic Rubber

      • Polyisocyanurate

      • Mineral Wool

      • Extruded Polystyrene

  • Chapter 7 Fittings

    • Applicable Specifications

    • Flanges

      • Flange Ratings

      • Flange Facings

      • Types of Flanges

      • Dielectric Connections

      • Gaskets

      • Bolting

    • Other Fittings

      • Elbows

      • Tees

      • Cleanouts

      • Laterals

      • Threaded Fittings

      • Reducers

      • Bushings

      • Caps and Plugs

      • Bull Plugs and Swaged Nipples

      • Couplings and Half-Couplings

      • Integrally Reinforced Forged Branch Outlet Fittings

      • Wyes

    • Ratings of Fittings

  • Chapter 8 Valves and Appurtenances

    • Valve Trim

    • Gate Valves

    • Globe Valves

    • Check Valves

      • Swing Check Valves

      • Lift Check Valves

      • Ball Check Valves

      • Silent Check Valves

      • Foot Valves

    • Ball Valves

    • Butterfly Valves

      • Wafer-Type

      • Lug-Type

      • High-Performance Butterfly Valves (HPBV)

    • Fluid Velocities through Control Valves

    • Needle Valves

    • Pressure Regulating Valves

    • Pressure Relief Valves (PRVs)

      • ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code – Section I Requirements

      • ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code – Section VIII Requirements

      • Operation

      • Pilot-Operated Valves

      • Design Considerations

      • Temperature and Pressure (T&P) Valves

    • Rupture Disks

      • ASME Requirements for Rupture Disks

      • Design Considerations

    • Valve Leakage

    • Plug Valves

    • Diaphragm Valves

    • Triple-Duty Valves

    • Backflow Preventers

    • ASSE Valves

      • ASSE 1016 Control Valves

      • ASSE 1017 Control Valves

      • ASSE 1062 Temperature Actuated Flow Reduction (TAFR) Valves

      • ASSE 1066 Pressure Balancing In-Line Valves

      • ASSE 1070 Water Temperature Limiting Devices

    • Steam Traps

      • Float Traps

      • Inverted Bucket Traps

      • Liquid Expansion Trap

      • Balanced Pressure Trap

      • Bimetallic Traps

      • Thermodynamic Traps

    • Strainers

    • Instrumentation

      • Temperature Elements and Indicators

      • Pressure Transmitters and Indicators

      • Flow Meters

      • Annubar®

      • Turbine Flow Meters

      • Magnetic Flow Meter

      • Ultrasonic Flow Meters

    • Hoses and Expansion Joints

      • Hoses

      • Expansion Joints

  • Chapter 9 Pipe Supports

    • Reference Standards

    • Pipe Routings

    • Support Considerations

      • Degrees-of-Freedom

    • Types of Supports

      • Rack Piping

      • Structural Supports

      • Support Spacing

      • Shoes

      • Anchors

      • Trapezes

      • Rods

      • Rollers

      • Spring Hangers

    • Stress Analysis

      • Stress Analysis Software

  • Chapter 10 Drafting Practice

    • The Purpose of Piping Drawings

      • The Contractor

      • The Owner

    • Drawing Sizes

    • Drawing Scales

    • Symbology

      • Valves and Piping

      • Process Symbols

    • Drafting Practices for Piping

      • Piping Plans and Elevations

      • Piping Details

  • Chapter 11 Pressure Drop Calculations

    • Concepts Involved in Pressure Drop

    • Bernoulli’s Equation

      • Pressure Head

      • Velocity Head

      • Elevation Head

    • Friction Losses

      • Water

      • Steam

    • Major Losses

      • Darcy Weisbach Equation

      • Hazen-Williams Formula

      • Fanning Friction Factor

      • Tabulated or Graphic Solutions

    • Minor Losses

      • Resistance Coefficient K

      • Equivalent Length Method

      • Flow Coefficient C[sub(v)]

    • Pump Head Terminology

      • Total Suction Head

      • Static Discharge Head

      • Total Static Head

      • Total Discharge Head

      • Total Dynamic Head

    • Power Requirements

    • Suction Piping and Cavitation

  • Chapter 12 Piping Project Anatomy

    • An Archetypical Project

    • Utility Consumption Table

      • Diversity Factors

    • Utility Quality Spreadsheets

    • Block Flow Diagrams

    • P&IDs

    • General Notes

    • Design Basis

      • Recommended Data

      • Optional Data

      • Inappropriate Data

    • General Arrangement

    • Design and Construction Schedules

    • Flow Maps or Utility Distribution Diagrams

    • Equipment Lists

    • Piping Plans, Sections, and Details

    • Pipe Support Plans and Instrument Location Plans

    • Isometrics

    • Checklists

    • Document Control

    • After IFC

      • Field Engineering

  • Chapter 13 Specifications

    • Types of Specifications

      • Specification Formats

    • Equipment Specifications

      • Sample Outline

      • Bid Tabulation

    • Pipe Specifications

      • CSI Format

      • Outlined Narrative

      • Tabulated Piping Specifications

  • Chapter 14 Field Work and Start-up

    • Safety

    • Walkdowns

    • Pipe Cleanliness

      • Sample Bearing Lube Oil System Cleaning Procedure

      • Sample Hydraulic Oil System Cleaning Procedure

    • Pumps

    • Venting

    • Steam Systems

    • Compressed Air

  • Chapter 15 What Goes Wrong

    • Fires

    • Floods

    • Earthquakes

    • Unanticipated Thermal Growth

    • Condensation

    • Damage to Underground Utilities

      • One Call and 811

      • Underground Markers

    • Legionella

      • Cooling Towers

      • Hot Water Systems

    • Operator Error

      • Signage

      • Protection from Physical Damage

    • Freezing

    • Design and Construction Errors

      • Drawing Issues

      • Interferences

      • Contractor Errors

  • Chapter 16 Special Services

    • Natural Gas

      • Capacity of Natural Gas Pipelines

      • Sealing Natural Gas Threaded Connections

      • Purging

    • Compressed Air

      • Instrument Air

    • Oxygen

    • Oxy-Fuel Cutting

    • Hydrogen

    • Hydraulics

    • Pigging

  • Chapter 17 Infrastructure

    • Infrastructure

      • Diagnostic Tools

      • Rehabilitation and Replacement of Pipelines

    • Energy Considerations

      • Centrifugal Machines

      • Compressed Air Systems

      • Water Conservation

  • Chapter 18 Strategies for Remote Locations

    • Motive Power Technologies

      • Solar Power

      • Hydraulic Ram Pump

    • Water Treatment

      • Boiling

      • Filtration

      • Chemical Disinfection

      • Ultraviolet Radiation

  • Appendix 1 Carbon Steel Pipe Schedule

  • Appendix 2 PVC Pipe Schedules

  • Appendix 3 Copper Tubing Schedules

  • Appendix 4 Material Properties of Some Common Piping Materials

  • Appendix 5 NEMA Enclosures

  • Appendix 6 IP Codes for Electrical Enclosures

  • Appendix 7 Steam Tables, English Units

  • Appendix 8 Steam Tables, SI Units

  • Appendix 9 Friction Losses

  • Index

    • A

    • B

    • C

    • D

    • E

    • F

    • G

    • H

    • I

    • K

    • L

    • M

    • N

    • O

    • P

    • Q

    • R

    • S

    • T

    • U

    • V

    • W

Nội dung

[...]... materials available to the piping engineer Some are out of print, but still available in libraries or tucked away in the dusky recesses of a retired engineer’s desk 1 Piping Handbook, Mohinder L Nayyar, McGraw-Hill, Inc., ISBN 0-07-046881-8 This handbook covers piping fundamentals, various types of piping systems, and does a good job of covering the various ASTM piping specs and ASME piping codes This is... Cleanliness of piping is not often addressed in the reference books While there are standards for the cleanliness of hydraulic piping and piping found in the pharmaceutical and food and beverage industries, there was not a lot to choose from in the general arena of industrial service piping Many phone calls later, I was finally able to lay my hands on a copy of PFI Standard ES-5, Cleaning of Fabricated Piping. .. the process is still no picnic There are many excellent reference materials available Some of these are referenced in this manual, and no serious student of piping should be without the Piping Handbook by Nayyar, or earlier editions by Crocker and King This is not a scholarly manual I have tried to organize it in a logical manner and make the information readable and easy to access The reader will... scope at some later date Some Miscellaneous Thoughts on Piping 1 The trades should always be made aware that piping cleanliness is of the utmost importance This certainly applies to the inside of the piping, valves, and fittings but also to sumps as well Stressing this point will save a lot of time on startups 2 Take advantage of “non-traditional” piping materials such as HDPE for underground applications... requirements of any of the three specifications Valve A device that is used to shut off or throttle the flow through a pipe Water-Distribution Piping The piping inside a building that delivers both hot and cold water to plumbing fixtures Water-Service Piping Piping which extends from a potable water source to the interior of a building Terminology Weight Similar to “schedule,” the “weight” is a nominal... The Purpose of Piping Drawings 245 The Contractor The Owner 245 246 Drawing Sizes Drawing Scales Symbology 246 247 250 Valves and Piping Process Symbols 250 250 Drafting Practices for Piping 255 Piping Plans and... wall thicknesses, and take-out dimensions for fittings, but is now out-of-print 3 NAVCO Piping Datalog, National Valve and Manufacturing Company, Pittsburgh, PA A favorite among piping engineers and designers, this out-ofprint booklet contains a wealth of data pertaining to pipes and fittings 4 Facility Piping Systems Handbook, Michael Frankel, McGraw-Hill, Inc., ISBN 007-021891-9 Another excellent... plumbing codes, as well as information useful to those studying to take the plumbing license exam 6 Piping and Pipe Support Systems, Paul R Smith and Thomas J Van Laan, McGrawHill, Inc., ISBN 0-07-058931-3 This reference provides insight into the codes specific to performing stress analyses of piping systems 15 16 Chapter 3 7 Marks’ Standard Handbook for Mechanical Engineers, Baumeister, Avallone, and... deterioration when exposed to a lengthy list of fluids 11 Goulds Pump Manual Aside from pump performance and selection data, this manual offers excellent design advice for centrifugal pump installations CHAPTER 4 Piping Codes I once worked on a pulp and paper project in western Canada The consulting firm I worked for was designing the piping for an evaporator set Evaporators take the black liquor that... resist footnoting that PTFE is the only known substance to which a gecko cannot stick The piping engineer for a project will encounter many issues outside of any strict definition of piping. ” There will be process equipment such as tanks, heat exchangers, pumps, structures, and so on Early in a project, the piping engineer is asked to determine the horsepower of the pumps, so that electrical equipment . referenced in this manual, and no serious student of piping should be without the Piping Handbook by Nayyar, or earlier editions by Crocker and King. This is not a scholarly manual. I have tried. consultant. Mr. Silowash has ex- tensive experience in design, construction, and com- missioning. Piping Systems Manual Brian Silowash New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City . 1 Some Miscellaneous Thoughts on Piping . . . . . . . . . 2 Chapter 2 Terminology 3 Chapter 3 Reference Materials 15 Chapter 4 Piping Codes 17 ASME B31.1 Power Piping . . . . . . . . . . . .

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