coulson & richardson_s chemical engineering. vol. 6 chemical engineering design 4th ed

[...]... temperature difference 12.10.7 Desuperheating and sub-cooling xiii 593 597 60 2 60 9 61 6 61 6 61 7 61 7 61 8 62 3 62 4 62 4 62 7 63 0 63 4 63 4 63 5 63 6 63 6 63 8 64 0 64 4 64 5 64 7 64 7 64 9 64 9 65 0 65 2 65 2 65 3 65 3 65 5 66 0 66 0 66 0 66 1 66 1 66 1 66 2 66 2 66 6 66 9 66 9 67 0 67 1 69 3 702 705 705 709 710 710 711 7 16 717 717 717 xiv CONTENTS 12.11 12.12 12.13 12.14 12.15 12. 16 12.17 12.18 12.19 12.20 12.21 13 12.10.8 Condensation of mixtures... Design procedure References Nomenclature Problems xi 3 96 398 400 400 401 401 401 404 405 405 405 4 06 4 06 407 407 408 408 408 409 415 422 4 26 4 26 434 434 437 440 440 445 445 4 46 4 46 447 448 448 448 450 458 459 459 460 461 461 463 465 468 468 468 4 76 4 76 477 479 481 482 483 4 86 4 86 490 491 xii 11 CONTENTS Separation Columns (Distillation, Absorption and Extraction) 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11 .6 11.7 11.8... columns 11.14.1 Types of packing 493 493 494 495 4 96 4 96 497 497 498 499 501 503 503 505 507 512 515 5 16 517 517 518 522 523 5 26 542 543 544 545 545 5 46 5 46 5 46 547 547 548 550 552 553 5 56 557 557 560 561 565 567 567 567 569 570 571 572 572 572 573 574 574 575 575 577 587 589 CONTENTS 11.15 11. 16 11.17 11.18 11.19 12 11.14.2 Packed-bed height 11.14.3 Prediction of the height of a transfer unit (HTU) 11.14.4... 13.5.3 Design of flat ends 13.5.4 Design of domed ends 13.5.5 Conical sections and end closures 719 723 728 731 732 735 740 741 750 7 56 7 56 764 764 765 766 767 768 769 769 770 771 772 774 774 774 775 775 775 777 778 782 7 86 790 794 794 795 795 7 96 7 96 797 798 798 805 809 809 810 810 810 811 811 812 813 814 814 815 815 815 817 818 819 CONTENTS 13 .6 13.7 13.8 13.9 13.10 13.11 13.12 13.13 13.14 13.15 13. 16. .. 330 331 331 333 335 335 3 36 339 339 339 339 341 342 3 46 348 348 348 348 350 351 353 353 357 358 360 360 361 361 361 363 365 366 368 368 369 370 371 371 375 377 378 379 381 382 383 384 389 390 392 394 395 CONTENTS 9.10 9.11 10 References Problems Equipment Selection, Specification and Design 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10 .6 10.7 10.8 10.9 10.10 10.11 10.12 10.13 10.14 10.15 10. 16 Introduction Separation... formation 8. 16 Phase equilibrium data 8. 16. 1 Experimental data 8. 16. 2 Phase equilibria 8. 16. 3 Equations of state 8. 16. 4 Correlations for liquid phase activity coefficients 8. 16. 5 Prediction of vapour-liquid equilibria 8. 16. 6 K -values for hydrocarbons 8. 16. 7 Sour-water systems (Sour) 8. 16. 8 Vapour-liquid equilibria at high pressures 8. 16. 9 Liquid-liquid equilibria 8. 16. 10 Choice of phase equilibria for design. .. 14.4 14.5 14 .6 14.7 Introduction Plant location and site selection Site layout Plant layout 14.4.1 Techniques used in site and plant layout Utilities Environmental considerations 14 .6. 1 Waste management 14 .6. 2 Noise 14 .6. 3 Visual impact 14 .6. 4 Legislation 14 .6. 5 Environmental auditing References xv 822 825 825 828 829 831 835 837 839 840 841 844 844 848 8 56 858 858 859 861 862 865 867 869 872 872 873... shows design as an iterative procedure; as the design develops the designer will be aware of more possibilities and more constraints, and will be constantly seeking new data and ideas, and evaluating possible design solutions INTRODUCTION TO DESIGN 3 1.2.1 The design objective (the need) Chaddock (1975) defined design as, the conversion of an ill-defined requirement into a satis ed customer The designer... Design 1.1 INTRODUCTION This chapter is an introduction to the nature and methodology of the design process, and its application to the design of chemical manufacturing processes 1.2 NATURE OF DESIGN This section is a general, somewhat philosophical, discussion of the design process; how a designer works The subject of this book is chemical engineering design, but the methodology of design described... the design is to be based Most organisations will have design manuals covering preferred methods and data for the more frequently used, routine, design procedures The national standards are also sources of design methods and data; they are also design constraints The constraints, particularly the external constraints, should be identi ed early in the design process 1.2.3 Generation of possible design . stresses in shells of revolution 798 13.3.5 Flat plates 805 13.3 .6 Dilation of vessels 809 13.3.7 Secondary stresses 809 13.4 General design considerations: pressure vessels 810 13.4.1 Design. codes Personnel Materials Process conditions Choice of process Methods Time “External” constraints “Internal” constraints Region of all designs Possible designs Figure 1.1. Design constraints Objective (design specification) Collection.