biotreatment of industrial effluents

[...]... 0.02 6 Biotreatment of Industrial Effluents TABLE 1-2 Classification of Industries Based on Gaseous Pollution and Volatile Organic Compounds CO High NOx SO2 VOC Iron Industrial chemicals Other chemicals Petrol refinery Petrol Metals Industrial chemicals Other chemicals Petrol refinery Petrol Industrial chemicals Other chemicals Petrol refinery Petrol Minerals Paper and pulp Metals Paper and pulp Medium Industrial. .. interaction Use of biosurfactants for enhanced degradation Development of microorganisms tolerant to toxic effluents Development of microorganisms tolerant to principal and secondary pollutants Identification of bacterial consortiums Transport of aromatic compounds through solid and liquid phases Engineering of bacteria to do various ecological tasks Determination of enzyme crystal structure Development of analytical... The study of various 11 12 Biotreatment of Industrial Effluents TABLE 2-1 Humanmade Environmental Disasters [United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the UN Of ce for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs] 2003 2002 2000 1999 1997 1996 Pakistan — Oil spill in the Port of Karachi Morocco — Inland oil spill Kosovo, Serbia, and Montenegro — Phenol spill into a river system Republic of Djibouti... the shorelines of the numerous islands in the western part of the Sound and out into the Gulf of Alaska Bioremediation was carried out by the application of an oleophilic liquid fertilizer, a micro emulsion of a saturated solution of urea in oleic acid containing tri(laureth-4)-phosphate and butoxy-ethanol to stimulate the activity of the oil-degrading bacteria Two weeks after application of the fertilizer,... furans are halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons that are commonly produced by combustion of fossil fuels and incineration of municipal 16 Biotreatment of Industrial Effluents waste, as a byproduct of pulp and paper bleaching, and in the production of other chemicals 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin is the most toxic member of this family It is an endocrine disrupter as well as a potent animal carcinogen... tools Development of tools to follow the active organisms Identification of new microorganisms from the environment or from the contaminated sites Identification of novel supports Long-term studies of the effects of pollutants on the ecology and the effects of engineered organisms on the ecosphere Wetland ecosystems References Hettige, H., P Martin, M Singh, and D Wheeler 1994 IPPS: The Industrial Pollution... globe Several of their reports on humanmade disasters are listed in Table 2-1 Pollution abatement expenditures in the European community vary from 0.5% of GDP in Greece and Spain to 1.6% of GDP in Germany The expenditure in the United Kingdom is about 1.2% of its GDP (1990 data, Ecotec Research and Consulting Co., 1993), whereas the cost of pollution control in Japan is on the order of 2% of its GDP Various... the writing of this book in response to that need, and I would Indiscriminate dumping of untreated waste Chemical treatment of waste Combined chemical and biochemical treatment of waste Complete biochemical treatment of waste Future Effluent treatment strategies Waste Government pressure Manufacturing strategies Future Preface Zero Atom Total replacement Rapid industrialization Emergence of new industries... of industrial effluents because many of these treatment techniques are still in the research stage Most of the microorganisms are very specific to a particular pollutant, whereas a typical effluent is a mixture of several pollutants and toxic chemicals Hence a combination of chemical/physical treatment followed by biochemical treatment methods appears to be the best alternative today There is plenty of. .. combination of newer manufacturing and treatment strategies will be the most effective and the least expensive These newer manufacturing strategies may include reducing the amount of solvent used, recycling and recovery of solvents, optimum operating conditions to avoid formation of side products and degraded products, and the use of chemicals which are known to biodegrade The book covers treatment of most of . class="bi x0 y0 w0 h0" alt="" Biotreatment of Industrial Effluents This Page Intentionally Left Blank Biotreatment of Industrial Effluents Mukesh Doble Department of Biotechnology I.I.T. Madras,. class of 2005 at B. Tech. Industrial Center for Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai, India, I realized that there was no single source that focused on biochemical treatment of all types of industrial. reduction, or dehalogenation • Incineration 4 Biotreatment of Industrial Effluents • Absorption or adsorption of liquid or gaseous contaminants • Separation of liquid contaminants by distillation, ion