1 VIETNAM MARITIME ADMINISTRATION MARITIME COLLEGE No 1 ENGLISH FOR AUTOMATION ELECTRICITY COLLEGE LEVEL (Issued in accordance with the decision No QD / dated on / / /2017 by the Rector of Maritime Co[.]
VIETNAM MARITIME ADMINISTRATION MARITIME COLLEGE No ENGLISH FOR AUTOMATION ELECTRICITY COLLEGE LEVEL (Issued in accordance with the decision No QD / dated on / / /2017 by the Rector of Maritime College No 1) 2017 COPYRIGHT DECLARATION All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced, distributed, stored in retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written permission from the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical reviews and certain other noncommercial uses permitted by copyright law ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We would like to express our gratitude to the teachers of Foreign language Division and the department of Electrical – Electronics Engineering who provided support, talked things over, read, offered comments, allowed us to quote their remarks and assisted in the editing, proof-reading and design We would like to thank the Board of rector, the Education section, the International Co-operation and technology section for their positive contribution to the completing of this course book Our thankful words are sent to our loved ones for their encouragement and assistance during the process of designing this material We beg forgiveness of all those who have been with us over the course of the years and whose names we have failed to mention Last but not least, we would like to thank for all who will send us any comments or suggestion to improve this material because the shortcomings are inevitable during the process of producing the material Any comments or suggestion, please send to the following e-mails: phtqtkhcn@cdhh.edu.vn ntmthai@cdhh.edu.vn Authors: Nguyen Thi Minh Thai M.A Dang Thi Hoang Yen M.A INTRODUCTION In the current industrialization and modernization of our country and the exploitation of information in the global, English plays an important role in the education and training, the development of the country in general and the industry in particular To help students of Maritime College I meet the English language requirement of the future job after graduation, the textbook “English for Automation Electricity” is compiled for the third year students of the ElectroElectronics Department Based on the realities of the Vietnamese and global current industry, this textbook provides students with advanced English grammar, electrical and automatic vocabulary, as well as usage habits that have been developed specifically for the automation profession The textbook consists of units with the structure of each unit as follows: Vocabulary Language focus Skills Practice Assessment While compiling, editors have also used some electrical and automation materials published locally, abroad and through web-sites TABLE OF CONTENTS No Contents Acknowledgements Introduction Table of contents List of abbreviations List of figures Contents Unit 1: Conductors, insulators and semiconductors Vocabulary: Vocabulary: Electrical materials Language focus: Passive voice Skills: 3.1 Reading: Conductors, insulators and semiconductors 3.2 Speaking and listening: Describing functions and purposes 3.3 Writing: Describing a diagram Practice: 4.1 Information transfer: Mathematical symbols 4.2 Exercises Assessment 5.1 Evaluation sheet 5.2 Assessment methods Unit 2: Circuit elements Vocabulary: Circuit elements Language focus: Relative clauses Skills 3.1 Reading comprehension: Circuit elements 3.2 Speaking and Listening: Making definitions 3.3 Writing: Describing a diagram Practice 4.1 Information transfer: Mathematical symbols 4.2 Exercises Assessment 5.1 Evaluation sheet 5.2 Assessment methods Unit 3: Electric motors Vocabulary: Electric motor’s parts Language focus: Reasons and results connective Skills 3.1 Reading comprehension: Working principle of an Electric motor 3.2 Speaking and Listening: Describing component parts 3.3 Writing:Writing instructions for testing a DC motor Practice: Pages 10 28 43 4.1 Information transfer: Mathematical symbols Assessment 5.1 Evaluation sheet 5.2 Assessment methods Unit 4: Process control Vocabulary: Process control Language focus: Expressing posibility Skills 3.1 Reading comprehension: Process control 3.2 Speaking: Cause and effect 3.3 Listening: Automation technician Practice: 4.1 Information transfer: Resistor values 4.2 Exercises Assessment 5.1 Evaluation sheet 5.2 Assessment methods Unit : Logic gates Vocabulary: Types of logic gates Language focus: Making predictions Skills 3.1 Reading comprehension: Logic gates 3.2 Speaking and Listening: Fault finding 3.3 Writing: Describing a system Practice 4.1 Information transfer: Interpreting graphs 4.2 Exercises Assessment 5.1 Evaluation sheet 5.2 Assessment methods Appendices Appendix Circuit symbols Appendix Mathematical symbols Appendix Resistor color code Appendix List of magnetic materials Answer keys Tapescripts Reference 56 70 79 97 98 104 106 112 113 List of Abbreviations Abbreviations Meaning AC Alternating current DC Direct current O/C Open circuit S/C Short circuit adjective adj adverb adv noun n verb v verb in past participle V-pp/P- II verb + “-ing” V-ing subject S List of figures No Name Pages Figure 1.1: Types of diode 22 Figure 2.1: Sliding switch 28 Figure 3.1 DC motor components 36 Figure 3.2 Working of electric motor 49 Figure 4.1 Resistor Color Chart 58 Figure 5.1 59 Figure 5.2 59 Figure 5.3 60 Figure 5.4 61 MODULE: ENGLISH FOR INDUSTRIAL CONTROLS AND AUTOMATION Module title: English for Industrial Controls and Automation Module Code: MĐ 6510305.26 Module framework: - Pre-requisites: This module is taught in the first semester of the second school year, after students have learnt general subjects - Scope:: This module is compulsory for students of Industrial Controls and Automation - Aims: The module provides students with intermediate English grammar and basic electrical and automation vocabulary to help them gain confidence in communication as well as in their work In addition, with a good level of English combined with confidence, students will have more opportunities to find a job after graduation and meet the requirements of employers and companies Objectives: On the completion of this module, students will be able to: - For knowledge: + Name electrical materials; parts of an electric motor, circuit elements, process control’s function and types of logic gates; + Demonstrate the classification of electrical materials; the function of circuit elements; the function of parts of an electric motor; the working principle of an electric motor, process control; the use of logic gates in industrial process control; + Demonstrate the form and the use of passive voice, relative clauses, reasons and results connective; how to express possibility, make predictions; - For skills: + Use grammar, vocabulary and professional terms leant to read, write, listen, speak and make up conversations about electrical materials, circuit elements, electric motor, process control and logic gates; the work of automation engineer; + Identify resistor values and interpret graphs; + Describe a diagram and write instructions for testing a DC motor; - For attitudes: + Raise the awareness of the importance of learning English for work, essential elements: correct pronunciation, stress, intonation, accuracy, fluency in communication and writing in English; + Rise awareness of practicing listening, speaking, reading and conversation skills for students; + Be aware of the importance of practicing carefulness, accuracy, safe work, flexibility and confidence when using English for work + Be confident to use English for work, socializing or traveling Contents of the module: 10 UNIT CONDUCTORS, INSULATORS AND SEMICONDUCTORS Code: MĐ6520227.32.01 Introduction: This unit gives an overview of English grammar about passive voice and vocabulary relating to conductors, insulators and semiconductors Objectives: - Present the form and the use of passive voice, name of conductors, insulators and semiconductors; names of non – magnetic materials - Using verbal phrases and adverb clauses of cause and result to speak, listen, read and write about various types of conductors, insulators and semiconductors; about non – magnetic materials - Be aware of the importance of English to future occupation, essential elements: correct pronunciation, stress, intonation, accuracy, fluency in communication and writing in English, the safety of working Main content: 1.Vocablary: Vocabulary Speech Transcription Vietnamese meaning battery (n) /'bætəri/ pin, ắc qui category (n) /’kætəgri/ loại, hạng classify (v) /’klæsɪfaɪ/ phân loại conduct (v) /kən’dʌkt/ dẫn điện conductor (n) /kən’dʌktər / vật dẫn điện copper (n) /’kɒpər / đồng electric current (n) /ɪ’lektrɪk ‘kʌrənt/ dòng điện electron (n) /ɪ’lektrɒn/ điện tử fall (v) /fɔ:l/ giảm flow (v) /fləʊ/ dòng germanium (n) /dʒə’meɪniəm/ chất giéc-ma-ni insulate (v) /’ɪnsjʊleɪt/ cách điện insulator (n) /'insjuleitə/ vật cách điện 11 manganin (n) /’mæŋgənɪn/ măng gan material (n) /mə’tɪəriəl/ vật liệu metal (n) /’metəl/ kim loại non-metal (n) /nɒn’metəl/ phi kim path (n) /pɑ:θ/ đường dẫn điện porcelain (n) /’pɔ:səlɪn/ sứ rapidly (adv) /’ræpɪdli/ nhanh resistance (n) /rɪ’zɪstəns/ điện trở rise (v) /raɪz/ tăng rubber (n) /’rʌbər/ cao su semiconductor (n) /semikən’dʌktər/ bán dẫn substance /’sʌbstəns/ chất (n) temperature-sensing device (n) /’temprətʃər - sensɪŋ - dɪ’vaɪs/ thiết bị cảm biến nhiệt thermistor (n) /’θɜ:mɪstə/ nhiệt điện trở Task Look at these pictures and label the words in the box with the numbers porcelain rubber silver silicon copper carbon …………………… 12 …………………… (a)………………… … (b)………………… … …………………… …………………… 13 Task Match the terms with their definitions A B An electric current a are all insulators Conductors b a metal which does not easily release electrons Insulators c are midway between conductos and insulators Semiconductors d a movement of free electrons towards the positive end Rubber, nylon, porcelain and air e subtances which provide an easy path for an electric current Copper f a chemical element – a soft reddish brown metal used for making electric wires Thermistor g a hard white shiny subtance, used for making delicate cups, plates, bowl and decorative objects Porcelain h the space above the ground or that is around things Air i a chemical element – existing in a pure state as diamond 10 Carbon j mixture of certain metallic oxides Language focus Passive voice Use of Passive Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action It is not important or not known, however, who or what is performing the action 14 Example: The parcel was loaded In the example above, the focus is on the fact that the parcel was loaded I not know, however, who did it Sometimes a statement in passive is more polite than active voice, as the following example shows: Example: A mistake was made In this case, I focus on the fact that a mistake was made, but I not blame anyone (e.g You have made a mistake.) Form of Passive Subject + finite form of to be + Past Participle (3rd column of irregular verbs) Example: The machine was repaired When rewriting active sentences in passive voice, note the following: the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence the finite form of the verb is changed (to be + past participle) the subject of the active sentence becomes the object of the passive sentence (or is dropped) Examples of Passive Tense Simple Present Active: Passive: Simple Past Active: Present Perfect Active: Passive: Passive: Future I Active: Passive: Subject Verb The Chief Electrician checks a generator is checked by the Chief Electrician checked a generator A generator was checked by the Chief Electrician The Chief Electrician has checked a generator has been checked by the Chief Electrician will check a generator will be checked by the Chief Electrician A generator The Chief Electrician A generator The Chief Electrician A generator 15 Object Active: Modal verbs The Chief Electrician Passive: Tense Subject Active: Present Progressive Passive: Active: Past Progressive Passive: Past Perfect Active: Passive: Future II A generator Active: Passive: Conditional Active: I Passive: Conditional Active: II Passive: can check a generator can be checked by the Chief Electrician Verb Object The Chief Electrician is checking a generator A generator is being checked by the Chief Electrician The Chief Electrician was checking a generator A generator was being checked by the Chief Electrician The Chief Electrician had checked a generator A generator had been checked by the Chief Electrician The Chief Electrician will have checked a generator A generator will have been checked by the Chief Electrician The Chief Electrician would check a generator A generator would be checked by the Chief Electrician The Chief Electrician would have checked a generator A generator would have been checked by the Chief Electrician 16 Passive Sentences with Two Objects Rewriting an active sentence with two objects in passive voice means that one of the two objects becomes the subject, the other one remains an object Which object to transform into a subject depends on what you want to put the focus on Subject Active: The captain Verb Object sent a letter Passive: A letter was sent Passive: The company was sent Object to the company to the company by the captain a letter by the captain As you can see in the examples, adding by the captain does not sound very elegant That’s why it is usually dropped Task Change the following sentences into passive We can recharge secondary batteries by applying electrical current We can extend battery life by storing the batteries at a low temperature We can make a simple wet zinc-carbon battery in the laboratory using dilute sulphuric acid as an electrolyte solution We can connect light bulbs to either AC or DC sources We can build the simple half wave retifier in two versions with the diode poiting in opposite directions Task Complete each sentence using an appropriate phrase from this list: a wound round e located within b connected across f applied to c mounted on g connected to d wired to h connected between 17 The lamps are the battery The core is _ the pole pieces The 27pF capacitor is _ the collector and the base The antenna is _ the coil Feedback voltage is _ the base of the transistor through C1 The rotor is the shaft The coil is its iron core The negative pole of the battery is earth 18 Skills 3.1 Reading: Conductors, Inductors and Semiconductors If we connect a battery across a body, there is a movement of free electrons towards the positive end This movement of electrons is an electric current All materials can be classified into three groups according to how readily they permit an electric current to flow These are: conductors, insulators and semiconductors In the first category are substances which provide an easy path for an electric current All metals are conductors however some metals not conduct well Manganin, for example, is a poor conductor Copper is a good conductor, therefore it is widely used for cables A non-metal which conducts well is carbon Salt water is an example of a liquid conductor A material which does not easily release electrons is called an insulator Rubber, nylon, porcelain and air are all insulators There are no perfect insulators All insulators will allow some flow of electrons; however this can be ignored because the flow they permit is so small Semiconductors are midway between conductors and insulators Under certain condition they allow a current to flow easily but under others they behave as insulators Germanium and silicon are semiconductors Mixture of certain metallic oxides also acts as semiconductors These are known as thermistors The resistance of thermistors falls rapidly as their temperature rises They are therefore used in temperature - sensing devices On the basis of the behavior of material towards magnet they can be classified in two types Magnetic Materials: These materials are attracted by magnetic field Iron, nickel and cobalt objects such as iron nail, key, metal spade, needle and metal door handle are magnetic in nature Non-Magnetic Materials: These materials are not attracted towards magnet For example; wood, rubber, plastics, coins, leather and feather are non-magnetic in nature Task Are the following statements True or False? Statements True False Electrons flow from positive to negative Copper provides an easy path for an electric current All metals are good conductors All good conductors are metals Air is not a perfect insulator 19 Salt water is an example of a solid conductor There are no perfect insulators Semiconductors are midway between conductors and insulators Task Answer the following questions What happens if we connect a battery across a body? How many groups can all materials be classified into? What are conductors? Is copper an insulator? Why is copper used for cables? Name some insulators! Is manganin a poor conductor? What are known as thermistors? Why does the resistance of themistors fall rapidly? 10 Where are thermistors used? 20 ... clauses Skills 3.1 Reading comprehension: Circuit elements 3.2 Speaking and Listening: Making definitions 3.3 Writing: Describing a diagram Practice 4.1 Information transfer: Mathematical symbols... comprehension: Working principle of an Electric motor 3.2 Speaking and Listening: Describing component parts 3.3 Writing:Writing instructions for testing a DC motor Practice: Pages 10 28 43 4.1 Information... industry in particular To help students of Maritime College I meet the English language requirement of the future job after graduation, the textbook ? ?English for Automation Electricity? ?? is compiled for