ELEMENTARY PARTICLES Tran Thi Ngoc Dung – Huynh Quang Linh – Physics A2 HCMUT 2016 SOME OF BASIC QUESTIONS ABOUT NATURE • What are the basic building blocks of matter? • What is inside the nucleus? •[.]
ELEMENTARY PARTICLES Tran Thi Ngoc Dung – Huynh Quang Linh – Physics A2 HCMUT 2016 SOME OF BASIC QUESTIONS ABOUT NATURE • What are the basic building blocks of matter? • What is inside the nucleus? • What are the forces that hold matter together? • How did the universe begin? • Will the universe end, and if so, how and when? HISTORY • In 1930 the known elementary particles were the proton, the electron, and the photon • Thomson identified the electron in 1897, and Einstein defined the photon in 1905 The proton is the nucleus of the hydrogen atom • 1932, Chadwick proved the existence of the neutron, and Carl Anderson identified the positron in cosmic rays Fundamental particles • An elementary particle or fundamental particle is a particle whose substructure is unknown, thus it is unknown whether it is composed of other particles.[ Known elementary particles include • fundamental fermions (quarks, leptons, antiquarks, and antileptons), which generally are "matter particles" and "antimatter particles", • And the fundamental bosons (gauge bosons and the Higgs boson), which generally are "force particles" that mediate interactions among fermions Elementary particles Fundamental fermions (MATTER - ANTIMATTER PARTICLES) QUARKS - ANTIQUARKS LEPTONS-ANTILEPTONS Fundamental Bosons (force particles) that mediate interaction between fermions GAUGE BOSONS and HIGGS BOSONS QUARKS, LEPTONS and their antiparticles MATTER PARTICLES LEPTONS QUARKS HADRONS MESONS BARYONS NUCLEI ATOMS MOLECULES ... Fundamental particles • An elementary particle or fundamental particle is a particle whose substructure is unknown, thus it is unknown whether it is composed of other particles. [ Known elementary particles. .. "matter particles" and "antimatter particles" , • And the fundamental bosons (gauge bosons and the Higgs boson), which generally are "force particles" that mediate interactions among fermions Elementary. .. interactions among fermions Elementary particles Fundamental fermions (MATTER - ANTIMATTER PARTICLES) QUARKS - ANTIQUARKS LEPTONS-ANTILEPTONS Fundamental Bosons (force particles) that mediate interaction