Unit 3 MUSIC KEY LANGUAGE FOCUS Phonetics Sounds /est/, /ent/, and /eit/ contest, achievement, commemorate Grammar Compound sentences We are having a small surprise party at home today, so make sure y[.]
Unit MUSIC - KEY LANGUAGE FOCUS Phonetics Sounds /est/, /ent/, and /eit/: contest, achievement, commemorate Grammar - Compound sentences We are having a small surprise party at home today, so make sure you come back by 7p.m She sings beautifully and she also plays the flute and piano fairly well - to-infinitives and bare infinitives Andrew earns money by singing at the bar every night to pay for his study Surely the girl has believed in fairies for long enough Let's tell him the truth Vocabulary - Words and phrases related to music phenomenon, global smash hit - Adjectives current, talented I Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions A composer B process C pop D post Phát âm /ɒ/, từ lại phát âm /əʊ/ A rhythm B heavy C highlife D hardcore Phát âm âm câm, từ lại phát âm /h/ A metal B accidental C gospel D techno Phát âm /ə/, từ lại phát âm /e/ A listened B danced C composed D played Phát âm /t/, từ lại phát âm /d/ A writes B songs C records D albums Phát âm /s/, từ lại phát âm /z/ II Mark the letter A, B, C, or to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions A syncopation B accompanist C incidental D composition Trọng âm vào âm tiết thứ nhất, từ lại vào âm tiết thứ ba A musical B melody C performance D improvise Trọng âm vào âm tiết thứ hai, từ lại vào âm tiết thứ A musician B soloist C composer D performer Trọng âm vào âm tiết thứ nhất, từ lại vào âm tiết thứ hai A perform B number C rhythm D music Trọng âm vào âm tiết thứ hai, từ lại vào âm tiết thứ A classical B popular C digital D electric Trọng âm vào âm tiết thứ hai, từ lại vào âm tiết thứ III Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following sentences The music industry has undergoing significant change over the past few years, with declining volumes of A B music sold through an ownership model (such as downloads) and rapid growth in usage models (such as C D streaming) Thiếu trợ động từ tiếp diễn (been) Music has been used as a mean of communication and healing since the beginning of mankind A B C D Thiếu ký tự [s] từ means (phương tiện) Music Therapy, that involves the music therapist, the client and the music in an ever-evolving relationship, A B is rooted in the ancient literate societies C D Sai đại từ quan hệ mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định (which) The conductor stands in the front of the orchestra, on a podium, and conducts by using hand and body A B C D motions Thừa mạo từ “the”, dùng giới ngữ in front of (đằng trước) Technology became an increasingly important tool for composers, which have known to use recording tape as A B C a compositional tool D Trợ động từ số hợp với chủ ngữ số (an increasing important tool) IV Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following sentences Melody is a musical line that is the "tune" of the piece is the part you will probably be humming when you leave the concert! A which B There C This D What Đại từ thay cho danh từ (melody) Accompaniment is a musical line that is secondary the melody; and accompaniment parts support the melody A of B in C with D to Giới từ với tính từ (secondary to) Unison is the sounding of the same note by two or more In a unison piece of music, the players not have different parts, but all play together A player B players C the player D the players Danh từ số nhiều đứng sau tính từ lượng Folk Music refers to any music that comes from a common culture, and it is most often passed on from generation to generation A oral B orally C oratorical D oratory Trạng từ cách thức bổ nghĩa cho động từ Stringed instruments are played by drawing a bow the strings or by plucking the strings with the fingers A from B away C across D over Giới từ hướng, cách thức Woodwind players produce sound by blowing air into mouthpiece Most woodwind instruments have reeds, which vibrate very quickly to produce the sound of the instrument A an B a C the D his Mạo từ không xác định có tính đến số Brass players make sound by "buzzing" their lips blowing into the mouthpiece, they change notes with the help of valves or slides A while B during C before D by Liên từ thời gian mệnh đề trạng ngữ thời gian rút gọn Music is an art form and cultural activity medium is sound organized in time A that B in which C where D whose Đại từ quan hệ sở hữu The conductor gives the musicians non-verbal signals with his hands or by using a small stick called a baton A whether B either C neither D both Liên từ tương liên either or (hoặc hoặc) 10 The concertmaster/concertmistress is the first violin player in the orchestra, the leader of the string section and most solos for the violin A play B that play C will play D to play Hợp thời, hợp số 11 Electronically created sounds are used in combination with other electronic sounds or played together with traditional music A instrument B instruments C instrumental D instrumentally Danh từ số nhiều có tính khái qt (instruments: nhạc cụ) 12 The ballet Hoedown tells the story of a cowgirl who is in love with a cowboy, but can't get him her A notice B to notice C noticing D noticed Cấu trúc động từ cầu khiến (get smb to smth) 13 Woodwind instruments produce sound when players blow air into them; they were originally made out of wood, is why they are called woodwinds! A which B that C the reason D for which Tạo mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định 14 The flute has a very high, light and beautiful sound much like of a bird A it B this C which D that Đại từ thay cho danh từ số (sound) 15 The OBOE makes its sound when the player blows air through a mouthpiece containing cut pieces of bamboo a "reed." A calls B call C calling D called Phân từ hai động từ làm tính từ bị động (thu gọn mệnh đề tính ngữ bị động - which is called) 16 The OBOE is a very important instrument, as the oboist is player who tunes the whole orchestra before every concert A a B the C who D that Mạo từ xác định danh từ (danh từ xác định mệnh đề tính ngữ phía sau) 17 The clarinet can play very high and very low, very soft or very loud, so they are used for many types of music, classical, jazz and folk A includes B include C including D included Phân từ thay cho mệnh đề quan hệ (which include) 18 The brass instruments are long brass tubes curled and bent into different shapes and flare out at one end into is called a bell A it B that C what D where Mệnh đề danh ngữ làm bổ tố cho giới từ 19 The of the brass instruments is produced by the vibration of the player's lips as they blow through the mouthpiece A sound B sounds C sounding D sounder Danh từ số có mạo từ xác định kèm thể nghĩa khái quát 20 the TRUMPET is the smallest brass instrument, it can play the highest notes of all the brass instruments and often plays in marches or fanfares A Because B Although C However D Since Mệnh đề trạng ngữ đối lập, nhượng (dù ) 21 The TROMBONE is the only brass instrument that does not use valves; the player moves a curved tube, called a "slide," back and forth in order to change notes A rather B other C instead D but Trạng từ dùng liên từ 22 YouTube claims that not only does it return money directly to creators, but also that it has a effect on music A promote B promoting C promoted D promotional Tính từ bổ nghĩa cho danh từ 23 Additional evidence for universal musical tendencies from archaeological discoveries of musical instruments and scores from thousands of years ago A come B comes C came D had come Hợp thời, hợp số 24 If music were purely a cultural invention, one might expect ancient music to be dramatically modern music, given the huge cultural differences between then and now A differ from B different from C differed to D differing from Tính từ làm bổ tố cho động từ "to be", kết hợp giới từ 25 At present the earliest example of what may be a musical instrument is a bone "flute" that dates approximately 50,000 years ago, during the middle Paleolithic A back B away C at D to Giới từ với động từ 26 At level, infants as young as months seem to perceive melodic pitch contours much as adults A most basic B the most basic C mostly basically D the most basically Tính từ bổ nghĩa cho danh từ, bổ nghĩa trạng từ mức độ 27 One way to reveal innate constraints on music perception is to show that certain musical stimuli are represented or remembered more accurately than others, independent experience A on B to C with D of Giới từ với tính từ independent of 28 Every musical instrument, needless to say, requires a long period of development - usually trial-and-error experimentation by generations of craftsmen - before arriving at final perfected form A its B their C that D which Tính từ sở hữu danh từ số (every musical instrument) 29 A: "Can you concentrate on other things when you are listening to music?" B: ‘ ” A I prefer to work in a quite area B I'm keen on listening to dance music C I often share my favorite albums with friends D I don't think music can help with this Lời đáp phù hợp với câu hỏi có khả tập trung vào việc khác nghe nhạc 30 A: "Do you think music can heal sick people?" B: “ ” A I can't agree with you more B The sooner, the better C At least they can feel better D Doctors cannot so Lời đáp phù hợp với câu hỏi khả âm nhạc giúp chữa bệnh V Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following sentences 1 Although infants clearly have not learned as much from their limited exposure to music as adults have from a lifetime of listening, it is nonetheless difficult to explain the effects of the exposure that occurs both in the womb and in the first few months of life A presentation B contact C interaction D knowledge Có tiếp xúc (nghĩa ngữ cảnh) Although it is often said that music, like dance, exists since the beginning of the human race, the music industry emerged relatively late A occurred B appeared C came D developed Sự đời - Xuất The record business by using marketing tools, to record, reproduce, promote and distribute the author's work, in reality alters the author's passion towards musical art for financial gains A worry B concern C love D excitement Niềm say mê - Tình yêu Albums and individual songs can now be bought in digital format (iTunes), and downloaded onto one's computer, and from there onto a USB-stick, CD-R, iPod, mobile telephones and the like A electric appliances B electronic instruments C digital devices D mechanical products Những thiết bị tương tự (chỉ thiết bị số) The introduction of television marked the turning point in many areas, as was the case with the music industry A new era B new program C final stage D finishing line Bước ngoặt - thời kỳ VI Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following sentences Music was created out of man's need to communicate with the outside world A Man created music to meet their need to communicate with the outside world B With the need to communicate with the outside world, man has created music C The outside world need to be communicated by music created by man D Man, after creating music, needed to communicate with the outside world Viết lại câu thay cấu trúc bị động cấu trúc chủ động động ngữ The conductor tells the musicians when and what to play A When and what to play was told by the conductor to the musicians B The musicians are told when and what to play by the conductor C It is told by the conductor that the musicians know when and what to play D The musicians are told that the conductor knows when and what to play Viết lại câu thay cấu trúc chủ động cấu trúc bị động động ngữ It is no longer necessary to have physical possession of music to enjoy it A To have physical possession of music to enjoy it is no longer necessary B Having physical possession of music to enjoy it makes it no longer necessary C It used to be unnecessary to have physical possession of music to enjoy it D There was no necessary physical possession of music to enjoy it in the past Viết lại câu cách thay chủ ngữ hình thức ngữ động từ nguyên thể The emergence of the Internet opened up great new possibilities for the distribution of music A The distribution of music has been opened up with great new possibilities of the emergence of the Internet B Great new possibilities for the distribution of music have been opened up with the emergence of the Internet C Opening up great new possibilities for the distribution of music, the Internet has emerged D Great possibilities for music has been openly distributed by the emergence of the Internet Viết lại câu thay cấu trúc chủ động cấu trúc bị động động ngữ Percussion instruments make sound when the percussionist strikes or shakes them A The percussionist makes sound by striking or shaking percussion instruments B Striking and shaking percussion instruments make the percussionist produce sound C The percussionist makes sound by striking and shaking the percussion instrument D Sound is made if percussion instruments are stricken and shaken by the percussionist Viết lại câu chủ yếu dựa vào sử dụng từ/cụm từ đồng nghĩa VII Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences given Beethoven's first teacher was his father He often pulled Beethoven out of bed to practice until morning A As Beethoven's father often pulled him out of bed to practice until morning, he became Beethoven's first teacher B Beethoven's first teacher was his father who used to pull him out of bed to practice until morning C To be Beethoven's first teacher, Beethoven's father used to pull him out of bed to practice until morning D Being his first teacher, Beethoven's father had to pull Beethoven out of bed to practice until morning Kết hợp câu sử dụng đại từ quan hệ xây dựng mệnh đề quan hệ There are many places to go where you will be a member of an audience However, audiences not act the same at every type of event A Although there are many places to go where you will be a member of an audience, audiences not act the same at every type of event B At different places where you will be a member of an audience, audiences not act the same at every type of event C At every type of event at many different places where you will be a member of an audience, audiences not always act the same D Audiences not act the same at every type of event because there are many places where they can be a member of an audience Kết hợp câu sử dụng liên từ although đối lập, nhượng The evolution of marketing in the music industry has been carried out At the same time, the evolution of technology in music has also been carried out A The evolution of marketing in the music industry has been carried out, resulting in the evolution of technology in music B The evolution of marketing in the music industry has been carried out thanks to the evolution of technology in music C The evolution of marketing in the music industry has been simultaneously carried out with the evolution of technology in music D The evolution of marketing in the music industry has been carried out, thanks to the evolution of technology in music Kết hợp câu sử dụng giới ngữ thanks to để tạo trạng ngữ lý We are now in an exciting era Now, streaming is making the depth and richness of every kind of music available to hundreds of millions of people A We are now in an exciting era in which streaming is making the depth and richness of every kind of music available to hundreds of millions of people B As we are now in an exciting era, streaming is making the depth and richness of every kind of music available to hundreds of millions of people C Although we are now in an exciting era, streaming is making the depth and richness of every kind of music available to hundreds of millions of people D If we are now in an exciting era, streaming is making the depth and richness of every kind of music available to hundreds of millions of people Kết hợp câu sử dụng đại từ quan hệ có giới từ kèm xây dựng mệnh đề quan hệ trạng ngữ thời gian Consumers have created a new revenue stream for music companies They upload their favourite music video clips or remixed versions to platforms such as YouTube A Consumers have created a new revenue stream for music companies, hence uploading their favourite music video clips or remixed versions to platforms such as YouTube B Consumers have created a new revenue stream for music companies by uploading their favourite music video clips or remixed versions to platforms such as YouTube C Consumers have created a new revenue stream for music companies after uploading their favourite music video clips or remixed versions to platforms such as YouTube D Consumers have created a new revenue stream for music companies, so they upload their favourite music video clips or remixed versions to platforms such as YouTube Kết hợp câu sử dụng ngữ giới từ by cách thức VIII Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks The string family is the largest (1) of the orchestra The four main stringed instruments look similar but are all different sizes Each can be played by plucking the strings with the fingers or with a bow, which is pulled (2) across the instrument's four strings The VIOLIN is the smallest of the string instruments and can play the highest (3) The violin often plays the melody - this is the tune you will be humming after you leave (4) performance The VIOLA is slightly larger than the violin Because it is bigger, it can play lower notes (5) the viola is only a little bit bigger than the violin, it can be hard to tell them (6) apart The viola plays many beautiful melodies just like the violin The CELLO is much larger than the violin and the viola It is so large (7) the cellist must sit on a chair (8) the cello between his or her knees in order to play The cello often plays accompaniment parts Because it is the largest (9) the stringed instruments, the DOUBLE BASS plays the lowest notes This instrument is so large that the bass players have to stand up or sit on tall stools to play it The bass often plays (10) parts with the cello A section B sectioning C sector D sectional Hợp nghĩa ngữ pháp cách sử dụng chuyên ngành A now and then B back and forth C again and again D high and low Trạng ngữ cách thức A notes B noting C notable D noted Danh từ đếm số nhiều, khái quát A a B the C that D each Mạo từ không xác định khái quát danh từ (bất kỳ buổi diễn nào) A Although B However C Whereas D Since Liên từ tạo mệnh đề trạng ngữ lý A away B from C of D apart Động từ nhiều thành phần (tell apart: phân biệt) A as B so C that D than Cụm từ so + adj + that A to hold B hold C holding D held Cấu trúc sit doing smth A in B to C of D with Giới từ tập hợp 10 A companion B companionship C accompany D accompaniment Chọn theo nghĩa ngữ cảnh (chơi đệm) IX Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions Beethoven was born in Bonn, Germany, in 1770 His childhood was unhappy His father drank too much Beethoven's musical talent was obvious from childhood He quickly became a talented performer on the piano In 1792, he moved to Vienna, Austria, to study with Austrian composer Joseph Haydn Soon Beethoven was playing music that he wrote himself Many people admired his powerful, dramatic music Beethoven was often ill or depressed He was unable to find a woman who would marry him Just as he was becoming very successful, he started to lose his hearing Deafness is the worst fate for a musician Beethoven's performing career was over Despite Beethoven's hearing loss, he still wrote music The music he wrote became even better His music was richly expressive and revealed feelings such as joy and sadness He created one bold masterpiece after another Besides piano music, Beethoven wrote string quartets (pieces for four stringed instruments) and other kinds of chamber music Chamber music is written for small groups, and people can play it in their homes or in small halls Beethoven also wrote songs, two masses, an opera, and nine outstanding symphonies Beethoven studied works by Haydn, German composer Johann Sebastian Bach, and Austrian composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Then he broke their rules and made music that was like no one else's It was emotional and challenging Beethoven wanted his music to express ideas as well as emotions He wanted it to praise freedom and equality and other high ideals Some of Beethoven's well-known achievements are the Moonlight Sonata for piano, the Fifth Symphony, and the Ninth Symphony The Fifth Symphony has a famous four-note opening, da-da-da-dum The Ninth Symphony ends with a triumphant chorus called "Ode to Joy." Beethoven's music set a standard that later composers measured their work by Crowds loved him and adored his music Beethoven was famous, although not happy In 1827, he got pneumonia and died in Vienna Which of the following best describes Beethoven's life according to the passage? A talented, powerful and challenging B emotional, dramatic, and outstanding C unhappy, stressful, but successful D talented, outstanding, and successful Thông tin chủ yếu đoạn 1, tổng kết ý toàn (His childhood was unhappy.; often ill or depressed becoming very successful; to lose his hearing Beethoven's performing career was over., Beethoven was famous, although not happy.) The phrase "was over" in the passage mostly means A finished B completed C started D remained Suy từ ngữ cảnh Một nhạc sĩ mà thính giác nghiệp biểu diễn kết thúc What happened after Beethoven lost his hearing according to the passage? A He became a famous talented performer on the piano B He started writing music for his own performance only C His music became more and more impressive and emotional D His music was better, more impressive and varied in types Nội dung đoạn Which of the following is true about Beethoven's music according to the reading? A It was strongly affected by that of other famous musicians B It helped Beethoven enjoy a life with luxuries and comforts C It expressed ideas and emotions, praised freedom and equality D It set a standard by which all other composers measured their work Thông tin đoạn (Beethoven wanted his music to express Ideas as well as emotions He wanted it to praise freedom and equality and other high ideals.) The word "Crowds" in the passage mostly refers to A music composers B small groups C audience D performers Suy từ ngữ cảnh nghĩa gốc từ X Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions Music can be happy, sad, romantic, sleepy, spine-tingling, healing - all kinds of things But what is it? Some people define it as an artful arrangement of sounds across time Our ears interpret these sounds as loud or soft, high or low, rapid and short, or slow and smooth The sounds need to continue for a time in some sort of pattern to become music Music, like language, is a uniquely human form of communication As with language, there are many different kinds In North America, people listen to jazz, rock, classical, folk, country, and many other kinds of music Each kind of music has its own rules and “speaks” to us in its own way What we think of as music depends on where we live What Americans are used to listening to might sound strange to someone from another culture, and vice versa It might not even sound like music In Indonesia, gamelan orchestras play music on gongs, drums, and xylophones These aren't the instruments you'd find in a typical orchestra in North America Today, modern communications make it possible for us to listen to music from all over the world Music from one part of the world influences music from another part For example, gamelan music from Indonesia influenced 20th-century American composers such as John Cage No one knows for sure when music began Perhaps while people were working, they began to chant or sing to make the work go faster People who were repeating movements - picking crops or rowing boats, for example - could sing or chant in time to the work Navajo Indians, for example, had corn-grinding songs Many cultures developed work songs Over time, people developed musical instruments They might have started by clapping their hands and stamping their feet Sticks and objects that rattled could have replaced the human body as early instruments Both instruments and music became more complex with time Today, many cultures divide music into art music and music of the people Art music, which we call classical music, is more complicated than the music of the people - folk music and popular music Art music is generally harder to write and perform Musicians who perform it need a lot of training Popular and folk styles typically are easier to create, perform, and understand Which of the following is given a definition in paragraph 1? A music B sounds C patterns D arrangement Thông tin từ đoạn số 1, (Music can be happy, sad, romantic, sleepy, spine tingling, healing - all kinds of things But what is it? Some people define it as an artful arrangement of sounds across time.) The word "interpret" in the passage is closest in meaning to A understand B refuse C treat D explain Suy từ ngữ cảnh từ (Our ears interpret these Sounds as loud or soft, high or low, rapid and short, or slow and smooth: Tại tiếp nhận âm mức độ ) What has enabled music of one nation to influence that of another? A Languages B Modern communications C Typical rules D Original instruments Thông tin từ đoạn (Today, modern communications make it possible for us to listen to music from all over the world Music from one part of the world Influences music from another part “sự giao tiếp đại cho phép nghe nhạc từ khắp nơi Âm nhạc từ nơi ảnh hưởng âm nhạc nơi khác") Why is John Cage mentioned in paragraph 4? A To show how he has an influence on Indonesian music B To represent famous music composers in the 20th century C To illustrate how music from one region can influence that of another D To suggest that Indonesian music is related to American music Thông tin từ đoạn (For example, gamelan music from Indonesia influenced 20th-century American composers such as John Cage - để minh họa/ ví dụ cho âm nhạc vùng ảnh hưởng âm nhạc vùng khác, xem đoạn 4, dòng cuối) According to paragraph 5, why did people sing to chant at work? A To repeat the movements B To make the work go faster C To compose work songs D To make the work harder Thông tin từ đoạn (No one knows for sure when music began Perhaps while people were working, they began to chant or sing to make the work go faster People who were repeating movements - picking crops or rowing boats, for example - could sing or chant in time to the work.) The word "They" in the passage refers to A hands B instruments C people D feet Hồi chỉ, (đại từ “they” thay cho “people” “musical instruments", xem nghĩa câu tiếp theo, “họ bắt đầu cách vô tay dậm chân", phải chọn “people") The word "rattled" in the passage mostly means A made mistakes B done harms C made sounds D done wonders Suy từ ngữ cảnh (Over time, people developed musical instruments They might have started by clapping their hands and stamping their feet Sticks and objects that rattled could have replaced the human body as early instruments → making sounds) The word "complex" in the passage is closest in meaning to A confusing B simple C advanced D comprehensible Suy từ ngữ cảnh (Over time, people developed musical instruments They might have started by clapping their hands and stamping their feet Sticks and objects that rattled could have replaced the human body as early instruments Both instruments and music became more complex with time → bắt đầu → thay → phát triển tinh xảo hơn, đại hơn) Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage? A Music and language are forms of communication only used by human beings B People's locations can influence on their concept of music C People developed musical instruments before they chanted at work D Ordinary people may find art music hard to understand Thơng tin từ tồn (Music, like language, is a uniquely human form of communication.; What we think of as music depends on where we live.; Perhaps while people were working, they began to chant or sing to make the work go faster.; Art music, which we call classical music, is more complicated than the music of the people - folk music and popular music.) 10 Which of the following does the passage NOT discuss? A What music is B When music began C How music is categorized D Who composed the first song Bài đọc nói âm nhạc nói chung, khơng đề cập tới sản phẩm âm nhạc hát ... her A notice B to notice C noticing D noticed Cấu trúc động từ cầu khiến (get smb to smth) 13 Woodwind instruments produce sound when players blow air into them; they were originally made... effect on music A promote B promoting C promoted D promotional Tính từ bổ nghĩa cho danh từ 23 Additional evidence for universal musical tendencies from archaeological discoveries of musical... think music can help with this Lời đáp phù hợp với câu hỏi có khả tập trung vào việc khác nghe nhạc 30 A: "Do you think music can heal sick people?" B: “ ” A I can''t agree with you more B The sooner,