CHUYÊN đề 4 DANH ĐỘNG từ

CHUYÊN ĐỀ 4 DANH ĐỘNG TỪ A THEORY I GERUND (danh động từ) II PRESENT PARTICIPLE (phân từ hiện tại) NHỮNG ĐỘNG TỪ THEO SAU BỞI “Ving” STT Cấu trúc Nghĩa 1 Admit doing st thú nhận làm gì 2 Appreciate do[.]

CHUYÊN ĐỀ 4: DANH ĐỘNG TỪ

A THEORY

I GERUND (danh động từ)

II PRESENT PARTICIPLE (phân từ hiện tại)

NHỮNG ĐỘNG TỪ THEO SAU BỞI “Ving”

2 Appreciate doing st cảm kích làm gì

Chức năng của danh động

từ

Làm chủ

ngữ

Làm tân ngữ

Làm bổ ngữ

Làm ngữ động vị

Làm danh từ ghép

Cấu trúc: There + be + Noun + present participle

Dùng như một tính từ

Sau một số động từ tri giác (see, hear, smell, feel, taste, overhear…), catch, find, spend, waste

Dùng trong các thì tiếp diễn

Thay cho một mệnh đề: Mệnh đề độc lập trong câu ghép, Mệnh đề phụ trong câu, Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ

thời gian, Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ lý do

Cấu trúc câu: S + sit / stand / lie / come / run (cụm

từ chỉ nơi chốn) + present participle

Chức năng

của phân từ

hiện tại

6 Can’t help/stand/bear doing st không thể chịu/nhịn được

7 Consider doing st xem xét, cân nhắc làm gì

8 Delay/postpone/put off doing st hoãn lại làm gì

10 Enjoy/fancy doing st thích làm gì

11 Feel like doing st thích/muốn làm gì

13 Get/be accustomed to doing st quen làm gì

14 Hate/detest/resent doing st ghét làm gì

15 Have difficulty (in) doing st gặp khó khăn trong việc làm gì

16 Imagine doing st tưởng tượng làm gì

17 Involve doing st có liên quan làm gì

19 Look forward to doing st mong đợi làm gì

23 Practice doing st thực hành làm gì

25 Recommend doing st đề xuất làm gì

28 Spend time doing st dành thời gian làm gì

30 There is no point in doing st

= It’s no use/good doing st

không đáng làm gì

31 Tolerate doing st chịu đựng làm gì

32 Waste time doing st lãng phí thời gian làm gì

III PERFECT GERUND (danh động từ hoàn thành) và PERFECT PARTICIPLE (phân từ hoàn thành)

Công thức: HAVING + VP2

 Dùng thay cho hình thức hiện tại của danh

động từ khi chúng ta đề cập đến hành động trong

quá khứ

 Dùng rút ngắn mệnh đề khi hành động trong mệnh đề đó xảy ra trước

 Dùng rút ngắn mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian

B PRACTICE EXERCISES

Exercise 1: Decide the underlined parts are gerund (G) or present participle (P)

Question 1: Staying up late is harmful to skin

Question 2: Her boss caught him speaking privately in the working time, so he was fired

Question 3: After completing the plan, we had a vacation in Hawaii

Question 4: This is the most embarrassing problem that I have ever seen

Question 5: The painting was beautiful I stood there admiring it for a long time

Question 6: I’ve just heard that there’s been a major accident that has all of the traffic tied up If we

want to get to the play on time, we’d better avoid taking the high way

Question 7: Did you ever finish designing the office for that new client of yours?

Question 8: It was their 25th wedding anniversary last week

Question 9: My sister was cleaning the floor when the telephone rang

Question 10: My brother is fond of pointing out my mistakes

Question 11: My habit is sleeping whenever I’m sad

Question 12: My hobby, playing table tennis, makes me feel happy

Question 13: He washed his car, singing happily

Question 14: Walking in the rain gives me a pleasure

Question 15: The girl lending me this book is my best friend

Question 16: Leaving school, he has worked in a restaurant

Question 17: I saw your children playing on the street

Question 18: She said how much she appreciated the overwhelming generosity of the public in

responding to the appeal

Question 19: Neil denied breaking the window

Question 20: Driving carelessly, he had an accident

Exercise 2: Give the correct forms of the verbs in the blankets

Question 1: My boss spends two hours a day (travel) to work

Question 2: (Swim) is my favorite sport

Question 3: I enjoy (play) tennis with my friends

Question 4: In spite of (miss) _the train, we arrived on time

Question 5: _(complete) the book, he had a holiday

Question 6: The man denied (be) at the scene of the accident last night Question 7: (park) the car about a kilometer from the stadium, I walked

the rest of the way

Question 8: (take) _the umbrella with him, he went out in the heavy rain Question 9: I have to work hard these days I am always busy (do) _my homework Question 10: I suggested (spend) _the day in the garden

Question 11: Why do you keep (look) back? Are you afraid of (be)

followed?

Question 12: (Find) _a hotel, we looked for some places to have dinner Question 13: (Feel) _tired, I went to bed early

Question 14: The man (talk) with my mother over there is my new neighbor

Question 15: We must avoid (hurt) _other people’s feeling

Question 16: (Learn) _a foreign language takes a long time

Question 17: (Fail) twice, he didn’t want to try again

Question 18: Jack admitted(steal) the money

Question 19: _(open) the drawer, she took out a book

Question 20: She warned the little boy against _(play) with matches

Question 21: Tom regrets (spend) _too much time (play)

computer games

Question 22: Students stopped (make) _noise when the teacher came in

Question 23: Would you mind (turn) off the radio?

Question 24: They postponed (build) _an elementary school for lack of finance Question 25: It’s no use (advise) him He never allows anybody to give advice Question 26: Is there anything here worth (buy) _?

Question 27: We missed (watch) a football match last night

Question 28: My family is considering (take) _a trip to the USA next year Question 29: The police didn’t permit (camp) _in this wood for security reasons Question 30: She is looking forward to (see) _her friends

Question 31: You should try (wear) _any shirts you want to buy

Question 32: There are people can’t help (laugh) when they see someone

(slip) _on a banana skin

Question 33: He went to bed without (lock) _the doors

Question 34: She prefers (eat) _to (prepare) meals Question 35: The flowers need (water) but you needn’t water them now

Question 36: There are many patients (wait) _for their turns, Sir

Question 37: She sat silently at the comer of the room (hold) an old doll

Question 38: (Not obey) his parents, he lost all his money and was about to

be homeless

Question 39: She apologized to me for (be) so impolite last night

Question 40: (Spend) _all his money on gambling, he came back home and

asked for his father’s money

Exercise 3: Choose the best answers to complete the following sentences

Question 1: It was his own fault, but I couldn’t help _sorry for him

A feeling B to feel C having felt D to have felt

Question 2: The medical authorities warned everyone not to drink the water without first _it

A being boiled B boiling C having boiled D having to boil

Question 3: Most people talk too much and don’t realize how important _is

A to be listening B to be listened C have listened D listening

Question 4: If you’ve finished _the dictionary, I’d like to borrow it

Question 5: Would you mind _?

A that I am reading aloud B explaining it once again, please

C what causes you a lot of trouble D to bring the books back by tomorrow

Question 6: On the whole, I enjoy _our local club, but I think there are far too many rules and

regulations to feel completely at ease

A attending B attend C to attend D being attended

Question 7: I deeply regret _to her so severely yesterday She was badly hurt

A to be speaking B to speak C having spoken D being spoken

Question 8: Smokers generally do know that smoking is extremely harmful, but it’s just that they can’t

help _it

Question 9: She thanked me for _her a lot when she was in trouble

Question 10: _cigarettes for years, he was diagnosed with lung cancer

C Having been smoked D Being smoked

Question 11: _cigarettes for years, he was diagnosed with lung cancer

C Having been smoked D Being smoked

Question 12: While _the historical building, they had to get some of the missing tiles specially made

A to restore B restore C restoring D being restored

Question 13: I think _outside in the open air is much more enjoyable than _exercise in

some stuffy gyms

C walk - to be doing D having walked - do

Question 14: Authorities should warn people against _ hazardous foods containing additives

A to be using B having used C using D being used produced

Question 15: _contaminated water from a nearby river, lots of people in this village suffer from cancers

C Having been drunk D Drunk

Question 16: Every member of the team praised him for _the team win the championship

C having been helped D being helped

Question 17: There's someone _on the door Come to see who he/she is

Question 18: _between the two attacks, the commander tried to prevent the enemy troops

_their strength

A Without delaying - to gather B By not delaying - from gathering

C In delaying - for gathering D Having delayed - without gathering

Question 19: The power failure resulted in many of the underground trains for up to one hour

A to delay B to have delayed C to be delayed D being delayed

Question 20: Did you actually see the boy _over the fence into Mr Jones’ garden, or did you just

hear other boys _about it?

A jumping — talking B to jump — being talked

C having jumped - to talk D to be jumping - talk

Question 21: She is looking forward to _you again

Question 22: _photographs of the place, I had no desire to go there

A Have seen B Had seen C Having seen D To have seen

Question 23: _the museum, we decided to have lunch in the park

A Visited B Having visited C Have visited D Visiting

Question 24: _the story before, she didn’t want to hear the story again

Question 25: We can't count on _by our parents every time we get into financial difficulty

A rescuing B being rescued C to rescue D to be rescued

Question 26: Mary’s children are used to _up after school every day

Question 27: _the red light, he was fined 120 thousand VND by the police

A Having run B Being run C Running D Being running

Question 28: The soldier was punished for _to obey his commanding officer’s orders

A being refusing B having refusing C having refused D being refused

Question 29: _the money, they began quarrelling about how to divide it

A Have found B Found C Having found D Finding

Question 30: _all his money, he decided to go home and ask his father for a job

Question 31: You can't prevent him from _alcohol

Question 32: In spite of _extremely tired, I went to school

Question 33: He got good marks at his exams because he spent almost his time _his lessons

Question 34: We saw the first star _in the sky

Question 35: It’s no good _to him, he never answers letters

Question 36: Ask him to come in Don’t keep him _at the door

Question 37: The children loved _the old castle

Question 38: He devoted most of his time _novels

A to having written B to write C to writing D to have written

Question 39: Who suggested _here for the picnic?

Question 40: At last, he admitted _that box

Question 41: My girlfriend is afraid of _out alone when it gets dark

Question 42: From the distance, we could hear the sound of some dogs _

Question 43: I demand to see the person who is in charge _ customers’ complaints here

A with handling B to handle C to be handled D of handling

Question 44: I’m absolutely fed up with _to the same place for our holidays year after year Let’s

consider _elsewhere this summer, shall we?

A to go - to go B having gone - go C gone - going D going – going

Question 45: Billy really enjoys _but unfortunately, his parents don’t approve of it and they are

making him join the school football team instead

A to dance B to be dancing C dancing D having danced

Question 46: I don’t recall ever _such a dull film as The English Patient before

A to watch B having watched C to be watching D to have watched

Question 47: Why doesn’t he fancy _with us to the pub?

A having come B coming C to have come D to come

Question 48: Actually I dislike _by train, but I still prefer it to _because at least on a train

you are still on the ground!

A to travel - have flown B having travelled - being flown

C travelling - flying D travelled - be flying

Question 49: When Grandma came to stay with us, she wasn’t accustomed _ in such a big city, so

initially she felt terribly disoriented

A having lived B living C to living D to be living

Question 50: Your blue shirt has been washed, but it still needs _ Why do you insist _it

today anyway?

A to be ironed - wearing B to have ironed - to wear

C ironing - on wearing D being ironed - to be wearing

Question 51: You know there is no point in _about the past - after all, you can’t change it, can you?

A to worry B having worried C to be worrying D worrying

Exercise 4: Rewrite each of the following sentences with gerund or present participle or

perfect participle

Question 1: Christopher apologized He’d forgotten to pay

=> Christopher _

Question 2: When Tom had repaired the car, he took it out for a road test

=> Having _

Question 3: The porter just stood there He expected a tip

=> The porter

Question 4: Because he was the youngest child, Natasha was her father’s favorite

=> Being

Question 5: Mitchell picked up the phone and dialed a number

=> Mitchell

Question 6: He left the phone ring for 5 minutes and then slowly replaced the receiver

=> Having _

Question 7: After she had worked hard all day, Sarah was exhausted

=> Having Question 8: We saw Rupert He was looking into a shop window

=> We saw

Question 9: Since Daniel had spent all his money, he couldn't afford a new jacket

=> Having

Question 10: He took out a gun and put it in his briefcase

=> Taking

Question 11: Shall we go for a walk?

=> What about _

Question 12: Why don’t we visit our teacher?

=> I suggest _

Question 13: It is really quite easy to learn English

=> Learning _ Question 14: I don’t want to go to the movie tonight

=> I don’t feel like

Question 15: Complaining about the matter is useless now

=> It is uesless _

Question 16: It’s not a good idea to travel during the rush hour

=> It’s better to _

Question 17: Could you turn the radio down, please?

=> Would you mind _

Question 18: Are you going to the seaside this summer?

=> Have you planned _

Question 19: Will you invite your friends on Sundays?

=> Do you consider

Question 20: He didn’t say goodbye to anyone when he left the room

=> He left the room _

Question 21: He would rather read books than watch television

=> He prefers _

Question 22: “Do you want to play tennis?” “No, not really.”

=> Tony didn’t Question 23: “You were driving too fast.” “Yes, it’s true Sorry.”

=> She admitted _

Question 24: “You broke into the shop.” “No, I didn’t.”

=> The boy denied _

Question 25: Shall we go away tomorrow instead of today?

=> Shall we postpone _