Promoting public mental health and well being

i ACKNOWLEDGEMENT A completed study would not be done without any assistance Therefore, I gratefully give acknowledgements to those who support and motivate me during the time of doing this graduate paper First of all, I would like to express my endless thank to my supervisor, Mr Tran Huu Hung, who always give me valuable comments and suggestions Without his motivation and instructions, the report would have been impossible to be done effectively Secondly, I cannot express enough the gratefulness to my teachers at Duy Tan University for their endless enthusiasm, dedicated teaching and continuos support that have gave and took my graduation Thirdly, I would also like to express thousands of thanks to all my beloved friends who have supported and encouraged me a lot during my studies and my research work as well Finally, I wish to thank my family, especially my parents, for their love, understanding, and supporting while I was writing this paper Student: Nguyen Thi Ngoc Anh Code: 2120313177 ii STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP Except where reference is made in the text of the thesis, this thesis contains no material published elsewhere or extracted in the whole or in part from a thesis by which have qualified for or been awarded another degree or diploma No other person’s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the graduation This graduation paper has not been submitted for award of any degree or diploma in any other tertiary institution Danang, 10 May, 2017 NGUYEN THI NGOC ANH Student: Nguyen Thi Ngoc Anh Code: 2120313177 iii ABSTRACT The graduation paper is performed with the aim of translating the Chapter IV “What affects mental health and well-being? Individual life stage and personal behaviours” in “Promoting Public Mental Health and Well-Being” by Jean S Brown, Alyson M Learmonth and Catherine J Mackereth followed by John R Ashton, Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 2015” This graduation paper translates the English language into Vietnamese language and analyzes two version about syntax, semantic and some difficult structures and vocabularies Besides, the writer gives some difficulties in translation and suggests solutions to solving this problem Student: Nguyen Thi Ngoc Anh Code: 2120313177 iv ABBREVIATIONS P.1: Paragraph p.1: Page TL: Target Language SL: Source Language Student: Nguyen Thi Ngoc Anh Code: 2120313177 v TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE ACKNOWLEDGEMENT i STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP ii ABSTRACT iii ABBREVIATIONS iv TABLE OF CONTENTS v PART A: INTRODUCTION 1 Rationale Aims and Objectives 2.1 Aims .2 2.2 Objectives .2 Scope of the Study 3.1 Text Features 3.2 Text Length 3.3 Text Organization 3.4 Text Source Method of the Study PART B: DEVELOPMENT .5 CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND Definitions 1.1 1.1.1 Types of categories 1.1.1.1 Full vs partial translation 1.1.1.2 Total vs restricted translation 1.1.1.3 Phonological translation .7 Student: Nguyen Thi Ngoc Anh Code: 2120313177 vi 1.1.1.4 Graphological translation 1.1.1.5 Transliteration .7 1.1.1.6 Free, literal and word-for-word translation Methods and principles of translation 1.2 1.2.1 Methods of translation 1.2.1.1 Word-for-word translation 1.2.1.2 Literal translation 1.2.1.3 Faithful translation 1.2.1.4 Semantic translation .9 1.2.1.5 Adaptation… 10 1.2.1.6 Free translation 10 1.2.1.7 Idiomatic translation 10 1.2.1.8 Communicative translation 10 1.2.2 Principles of translation .11 1.2.2.1 Meaning 11 1.2.2.2 Form 11 1.2.2.3 Register .11 1.2.2.4 Source language influence 12 1.2.2.5 Idiom 12 1.2.2.6 Style and clarity 12 CHAPTER 2: SUGGESTED TRANSLATION 13 2.1 Original version 13 2.2 Suggested version 13 CHAPTER 3: ANALYSIS 45 Student: Nguyen Thi Ngoc Anh Code: 2120313177 vii 3.1.VOCABULARY .45 3.1.1 Word and phrase with no approriate meaning in dictionary .45 3.1.2 Idioms and Phrasal verbs 49 3.1.3 Specific terms of healthy 51 3.2 STRUCTURE 53 3.2.1 Simple sentence 53 3.2.2 Sentences in Passive voice .54 3.2.3 Compound Sentences .56 3.2.4 Complex Sentences 59 3.2.4.1 Complex Sentences with Relative Clauses 60 3.2.4.2 Complex Sentences with Reduced Clauses 64 CHAPTER 4: DIFFICULTIES AND SOLUTIONS 66 4.1 Difficulties .66 4.2 Solutions 67 PART C: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS 70 Summary of the Findings 70 Suggestions 71 REFERENCES 72 SUPERVISOR COMMENT .73 Student: Nguyen Thi Ngoc Anh Code: 2120313177 PART A: INTRODUCTION Rationale a Health is one of the things that people are interested in now, including physical and mental health as well as well-being So how we know about mental health or wellbeing? Mental health is described by WHO as “a state of wellbeing in which the individual realises his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his or her community’ Mental health and wellbeing are closely related and everyone also needs them This topic is quite new and attractive Therefore, this is the reason why I choose to translate the mental health and well-being b For translating well in the health field, we must have deep of the grammar and vocabulary knowledge of the source language The translation should capture the style or atmosphere of the original text An important element is the style or atmosphere of the original text The translation should capture the style or atmosphere of the original text Besides, we must deeply understand the health terms to correctly convey the author’s ideas I hope that through the suggested version, I can show my translated version about a measuring outcomes related to mental health and well-being as well as give the ways of proper translation and deal with challenging phrases and structures Student: Nguyen Thi Ngoc Anh Code: 2120313177 2 Aims and Objectives 2.1 Aims This graduation paper has reflected my own ability in the past four years During those years, I received valuable support, help, and encouragement of my supervisor, my teachers and friends at Duy Tan University It helps the translator with an overview of the translation process as analytical skills and translation skills Thence, it helps me avoid many faults in my translation process I hope that this graduation paper can provide readers have general knowledge about the information from written text relates to Health change, help them translate it effectively 2.2 Objectives After graduation thesis, the translator can understand intensively translation theory in order to apply it to translation process Furthermore, the translator can also analyze sentence structure and vocabulary in a better way Scope of the Study This graduation thesis is about “What affects mental health and well- being? Individual life stage and personal behaviours” It is translated from the original version and given the analysis of a suggested translation of the text Besides, this graduation will give some difficult problems that I encountered in translation process Finally, some indispensable solutions are suggested 3.1 Text Features There are chapters in this book However, the time is limited, so I decide to choose chapter IV: “What affects mental health and well-being? Individual Student: Nguyen Thi Ngoc Anh Code: 2120313177 life stage and personal behaviours” In this chapter, we will understand the transformation of our society from modern to postmodern, and of our families from nuclear to permeable, has been brought about by major changes in our schools, quite independent of any concerted reform efforts Some of these changes have had positive effects, while others have had less fortunate consequences This graduation is a suggested translation version for Chapter IV in “Promoting Public Mental Health and Well-Being” and the analysis of some words and structures in translating 3.2 Text Length I only picked out chapter IV in “Promoting Public Mental Health and WellBeing” The translated text has 4,111 words, including 54 paragraphs 3.3 Text Organization “Promoting Public Mental Health and Well-Being” has chapters, and I choose chapter IV to translate This chapter has the name: “What affects mental health and well-being? Individual life stage and personal behaviours” This chapter is divided into parts: Key points Introduction Across the lifespan Personal behaviors Principles into practice 3.4 Text Source The text is in “Promoting Public Mental Health and Well-Being” sold in 2015 The author is Jessica Kingsley Publishers Student: Nguyen Thi Ngoc Anh Code: 2120313177 58 This is a compound sentence having two independent clauses The conjuntions “but” is used to join two independent clauses “ The link between risky sexual behavior and low self-esteem is strong ”and “but it is unclear whether low self-esteem results in risky sexual behaviour or is a product of the activity (Ethier et al 2006).” My suggested version: “Mối liên hệ hành vi tình dục rủi ro lịng tự trọng thấp cao, khơng rõ liệu lịng tự trọng thấp có dẫn đến hành vi tình dục rủi ro sản phẩm hoạt động (Ethier et al 2006).” 3.2.4 Complex Sentences A complex sentence has an independent clause joined by one or more dependent clauses A complex sentence always has a subordinator such as because, since, after, although, or when or a relative pronoun such as that, who, or which  Example 18: In the paragraph: “Although women are more likely to have been treated for a mental health problem than men (29% as compared to 17%), it is believed this may be because Student: Nguyen Thi Ngoc Anh Code: 2120313177 59 women are more likely to report symptoms of common mental health problems (Mental Health Foundation n.d b).” [I; P.25] The sentence “Although women are more likely to have been treated for a mental health problem than men (29% as compared to 17%), it is believed this may be because women are more likely to report symptoms of common mental health problems (Mental Health Foundation n.d b).” uses the subordinating conjunction “Although” to join two clauses The dependent clause “ women are more likely to have been treated for a mental health problem than men (29% as compared to 17%)” and the independent clause “ it is believed this may be because women are more likely to report symptoms of common mental health problems (Mental Health Foundation n.d.b).” Suggested version: “Mặc dù phụ nữ có nhiều khả điều trị cho vấn đề sức khỏe tâm thần nam giới (29% so với 17%), người ta tin điều phụ nữ có nhiều khả báo cáo triệu chứng vấn đề sức khỏe tâm thần phổ biến (Tổ chức Sức khỏe Tâm thần n.d.b).”  Example 19: In the paragraph: People are uncomfortable talking about dying and death, so that when they come to the end of their lives friends and loved ones are not aware of their preferences (ibid) The sentence “People are uncomfortable talking about dying and death, so that when they come to the end of their lives friends and loved ones are not aware of their preferences (ibid) ” uses the subordinating Student: Nguyen Thi Ngoc Anh Code: 2120313177 60 conjunction “so that” to join two clauses The dependent clause People are uncomfortable talking about dying and death ” and the independent clause “that when they come to the end of their lives friends and loved ones are not aware of their preferences (ibid).” Suggested version: “Mọi người không thoải mái nói chết chóc, đến cuối đời, bạn bè người thân yêu không nhận thấy sở thích họ (ibid).” 3.2.4.1 Complex Sentences with Relative Clauses A relative clause is a subordinate clause that modifies a noun phrase, most commonly a noun There are two types of relative clause: - Defining Relative Clauses Defining relative clauses (also called identifying relative clauses or restrictive relative clauses) give detailed information defining a general term or expression Defining relative clauses are not put in commas Example: My brother who lives in Hanoi is a doctor - Non-Defining Relative Clauses Non-defining relative clauses (also called non-identifying relative clauses or non-restrictive relative clauses) give additional information on something, but not define it Non-defining relative clauses are put in commas Example: The Thames, which runs through London, is very beautiful  Example 20: In the paragraph: Student: Nguyen Thi Ngoc Anh Code: 2120313177 61 “However, a mental disorder in a pregnant women (even a condition such as anxiety, which if often considered a mild mental health problem) can have a significant effect on the well-being of the woman, foetus and infant (NICE 2007).” [P.17] The relative clauses “which if often considered a mild mental health problem” in the sentence “even a condition such as anxiety, which if often considered a mild mental health problem” modifies the whole sentence “even a condition such as anxiety” This sentence is non-defining relative clauses Suggested version: “Tuy nhiên, rối loạn tinh thần phụ nữ mang thai (thậm chí tình trạng lo lắng, thường coi vấn đề sức khỏe tâm thần nhẹ) có ảnh hưởng đáng kể đến sức khỏe phụ nữ, thai nhi trẻ sơ sinh (NICE 2007).”  Example 21: In the paragraph: “Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is much more common in women who had post-natal depression than in those who did not (41% versus 6%) (Abramowitz et al 2003).” [II;P.18] In this sentence, there are two independent clauses The relative clause “who had post-natal depression than in those” modifies the “women” and the clauses “who did not (41% versus 6%) (Abramowitz et al 2003).” modifies Student: Nguyen Thi Ngoc Anh Code: 2120313177 62 the whole clause “Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is much more common in women who had post-natal depression than in those” My suggested version: “Rối loạn ám ảnh cưỡng chế (OCD) phổ biến nhiều phụ nữ người mà bị trầm cảm sau sinh so với người không mắc bệnh (41% so với 6%) (Abramowitz et al 2003).”  Example 22: In the sentence: “As Dame Carol Black (2008, p.4) pointed out, people of working age are ‘individuals whose health has consequences often far beyond themselvestouching their families and children, workplaces and wider communities’.” [P.23] The relative clauses “whose health has consequences often far beyond themselves-touching their families and children” in the sentence “individuals whose health has consequences often far beyond themselves-touching their families and children, workplaces and wider communities” modifies the “individuals” This sentence is defining relative clauses My suggested version: “Như Dame Carol Black (2008, tr.4) ra, người độ tuổi lao động ‘những cá nhân có sức khỏe thường có hậu vượt xa họ chạm vào gia đình cái, nơi làm việc cộng đồng rộng lớn hơn.”  Example 23: In the sentence: Student: Nguyen Thi Ngoc Anh Code: 2120313177 63 “Behavioral problems of child/young person which may be predictive of alcohol problems, such as antisocial behavior, sensation-seeking or impulsive personality types.” The relative clauses “which may be predictive of alcohol problems, such as antisocial behavior, sensation-seeking or impulsive personality types” in the sentence “Behavioral problems of child/young person which may be predictive of alcohol problems, such as antisocial behavior, sensation-seeking or impulsive personality types.” modifies the whole sentence “Behavioral problems of child/young person” This sentence is defining relative clauses My suggested version: Các vấn đề hành vi trẻ em / thiếu niên dự đoán vấn đề rượu, chẳng hạn hành vi chống đối xã hội, tìm kiếm cảm giác kiểu tính cách bốc đồng 3.2.4.2 Complex Sentences with Reduced Clauses A reduced adjective clause begins with either a present participle or a past participle It's simple to know which one to use: if the reduced clause is made from an active verb, start the adjective clause with the present participle, but if it's made from a passive verb, begin the adjective clause with a past participle An adverb clause can be shortened to an adverb phrase This can be particularly helpful when you want to express your ideas in a more concise manner Before you reduce an adverb clause into an adverbial phrase, make Student: Nguyen Thi Ngoc Anh Code: 2120313177 64 sure that the adverb clause (subordinate clause) and the main clause have the same subject Example: The children who were happy played until nine in the evening -> The happy children played until nine in the evening  Example 24: In the sentence: “There is also extensive evidence that physical activity is effective in preventing mental ill health (particularly anxiety and depression), improving the quality of life for people with mental illness and as a treatment for mild to moderate depression (APHO 2007; Biddle 2000; Halliwell 2005; Mead et al 2009;Whitelaw et al.2008.” The clause “improving the quality of life for people with mental illness and as a treatment for mild to moderate depression (APHO 2007; Biddle 2000; Halliwell 2005; Mead et al 2009;Whitelaw et al.2008” modifies the “preventing mental ill health (particularly anxiety and depression)” The source clause is “which improve the modem nuclear school” My suggested verson: “Ngồi cịn có chứng cho thấy hoạt động thể chất có hiệu việc ngăn ngừa bệnh tinh thần (đặc biệt lo lắng trầm cảm), cải thiện chất lượng sống cho người mắc bệnh tâm thần điều trị trầm cảm nhẹ đến trung bình (APHO 2007; Biddle 2000; Halliwell 2005 ; Mead et al 2009; Whitelaw et al 2008” Student: Nguyen Thi Ngoc Anh Code: 2120313177 65 CHAPTER 4: DIFFICULTIES AND SOLUTIONS 4.1 DIFFICULTIES This graduation paper is a good opportunity for me to train my skills and practise my knowledge which I learned to translate a text during the past years I learned many things about translation through this paper Furthermore, the analysis is a fantastic chance for me to enhance my abilities, skills and search more deep about the modern and postmodern education Besides, I also acquired more useful experiences about translating However there are many difficulties that I face in implementing the analysis During the process of translating this graduation paper, despite of having got some knowledge about health terms, I still face many difficulties in vocabulary and grammars to offer the best translation from English to Vietnamese, as follows: Firstly, I had a trouble about phrases and vocabularies in healthy It was so complex that I couldn’t understand this I spent much time on reading books, searching internet and using difference dictionaries so that I can find a suitable words Moreover, there are many special words I have never seen before, it’s so hard to translate, so some versions wasn’t smooth Secondly, there are too much vocabulary, phrases and some idioms of health field in the analysis made me anxious, which I cannot look up in dictionaries in this document It makes me difficult to give an exact meaning of a particular field Besides, some words have multiple meanings and the meaning of these words depends on the context, so I can’t identify the suitable meaning Hence, it takes me a lot of time to analyze and to search for exact meanings As a result, my suggested version is also not smooth and natural Thirdly, many complex and compound sentences, relative clauses with difficult structures make me difficult to analyze Although I look up dictionaries Student: Nguyen Thi Ngoc Anh Code: 2120313177 66 and grammar books, I cannot understand the use of types of sentences clearly Hence, it takes me a lot of time to complete this suggested version Finally, when I carried out the analysis, I was stress and worry about the deadline, so I was affected in mental and health, which made the analysis not efficient 4.2 SOLUTIONS During the translating process of my graduation paper, I overcame difficulties and challenges in translating Chapter “What affects mental health and well-being? Individual life stage and personal behaviours” Now I would like to offer some solutions that help me finish my graduation paper Firstly, I consulted some good graduation papers in library and direction of my department to master the process and the way of implementing the paper After that I read the whole chapter to understand its general content Secondly, before translating, I will find a document about medical to understand clearly content From this I can choose style translation for the paper I researched the grammatical structures It helped me reduce the mistakes when I arranged words and phrases in translation version to be suitable to the terminologies and writing style in Vietnamese Thirdly, I had to use a lot of different dictionaries such as Oxford dictionary, Glosbe dictionary, English-English-Vietnamese dictionary, ect , Internet, books, newspapers to translate some difficult words However, some words are not available in those; others not suit the content of the text Due to the findings in the meaning, I think that it is important to depend on the content in translation Fourthly, I began to establish a plan: how much time I had to complete the translation, how long I analyzed a structure, etc Everyday, I divided my work into a lot of parts, each of which I tried to complete as soon as Student: Nguyen Thi Ngoc Anh Code: 2120313177 67 Obviously, during the translating process whenever I did not understand any words, concepts or structures, I often asked the opinion, the advice of my supervisor – Mr Tran Huu Hung, who has guided me enthusiastically He often gave me the best translating version Finally, I usually played sports, relaxed, and chated with my friends, which made me better to complete the analysis Student: Nguyen Thi Ngoc Anh Code: 2120313177 68 PART C: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS Summary of the Findings After completing this graduation paper, I not only gained a lot of precious experiences but also faced up with many difficulties These are many new words in this text which I cannot determine the suitable meaning with the context Because dictionaries have much equivalent meaning I had to look up them in different dictionaries, even research in many sources (such as: books, internet, etc) in order to select out the best suitable meaning for the context I spent a lot of time doing this work Although I was not confident in translating and analyzing the structures in this chapter, I knew more knowledge about healthy section and valuable things through the process Anyway, I think that this is a good chance for me to improve my major English as well as my skills and abilities for my career in the future Besides, the structures in this chapter are very difficult such as the sentences in passive voice, the complex, compound, and compound-complex sentences Although I have learned about them in four years at Duy Tan University, I not have enough confidence to translate and analyze them However, it also help me abtain some more knowledge about English advanced grammar and improve some translated skills Suggestions After finishing my graduation paper, I have some suggestions for Duy Tan University in general and Department of Foreign Language in particular The first, I think that translation is an important subject It helps students practise their translated ability Therefore, the department should increase time for students so that they can practice skills, improve the knowledge and advance their translating ability Student: Nguyen Thi Ngoc Anh Code: 2120313177 69 The second, some major subjects such as Translation theory, Translation and 2, Syntax, Advances Grammar should be more concerned because they are very indispensable to students during the process of doing the graduation paper Moreover, one of the disadvantages of students is that they have less vocabulary and knowledge of English grammar is not enough, so teachers should require students to have the analyzing habit on reading any English sentence to focuse on the grammar and vocabulary as well as give more homework to develop skills and knowledge for students Finally, I hope the curriculum of Duy Tan University will have a few subjects which are similar to PBL 496 (Project-Based Learning) so that students can practice many large projects This will help them have experiences and confidence before beginning an important project as the graduation paper Student: Nguyen Thi Ngoc Anh Code: 2120313177 70 REFERENCES ENGLISH Duong Bach Nhat, Effective Writing Translation Theory - Mr Nguyen Manh Quang Alyson M Learmonth and Catherine J Mackereth Jean S Brown (2005) Promoting Public Mental Health and Well-being: Principles into Practice INTERNET https://www.google.com.vn https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki DICTIONARIES Glosbe dictionary Oxford dictionary Cambrige dictionary Lingoes dictionary Student: Nguyen Thi Ngoc Anh Code: 2120313177 71 SUPERVISOR’S COMMENT Student: Nguyen Thi Ngoc Anh Code: 2120313177 ... “What affects mental health and well- being? Individual life stage and personal behaviours” in ? ?Promoting Public Mental Health and Well- Being? ?? by Jean S Brown, Alyson M Learmonth and Catherine... ? ?Promoting Public Mental Health and Well- Being? ?? and the analysis of some words and structures in translating 3.2 Text Length I only picked out chapter IV in ? ?Promoting Public Mental Health and. .. Rationale a Health is one of the things that people are interested in now, including physical and mental health as well as well- being So how we know about mental health or wellbeing? Mental health