Oracle® Database Installation Guide pdf

Oracle® Database Installation Guide 11g Release 2 (11.2) for Linux E24321-07 September 2012 Oracle Database Installation Guide, 11g Release 2 (11.2) for Linux E24321-07 Copyright © 2011, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Primary Author: Prakash Jashnani Contributing Authors: Reema Khosla, Douglas Williams Contributors: David Austin, Subhranshu Banerjee, Janelle Simmons, Mark Bauer, Robert Chang, Jonathan Creighton, Sudip Datta, Thirumaleshwara Hasandka, Joel Kallman, George Kotsovolos, Simon Law, Richard Long, Shekhar Vaggu, Rolly Lv, Padmanabhan Manavazhi, Sreejith Minnanghat, Krishna Mohan, Rajendra Pingte, Hanlin Qian, Roy Swonger, Ranjith Kundapur, Aneesh Khandelwal , Barb Lundhild, Barbara Glover, Binoy Sukumaran, Hema Ramamurthy, Prasad Bagal, Martin Widjaja, Ajesh Viswambharan, Eric Belden, Sivakumar Yarlagadda, Rudregowda Mallegowda , Matthew McKerley, Trivikrama Samudrala, Akshay Shah, Sue Lee, Sangeeth Kumar, James Spiller, Saar Maoz, Rich Long, Mark Fuller, Sunil Ravindrachar, Sergiusz Wolicki, Eugene Karichkin, Joseph Francis, Srinivas Poovala, David Schreiner, Neha Avasthy, Dipak Saggi, Sudheendra Sampath, Mohammed Shahnawaz Quadri, Shachi Sanklecha, Zakia Zerhouni, Jai Krishnani, Darcy Christensen., Kevin Flood, Clara Jaeckel, Emily Murphy, Terri Winters This software and related documentation are provided under a license agreement containing restrictions on use and disclosure and are protected by intellectual property laws. 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Oracle Corporation and its affiliates will not be responsible for any loss, costs, or damages incurred due to your access to or use of third-party content, products, or services. iii Contents Preface xi Audience xi Documentation Accessibility xi Command Syntax xii Accessing Documentation xii Related Documentation xiii Typographic Conventions xiv What’s New in Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2) xv Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2.0.3) New Features and Enhancements xv Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2.0.2) New Features xv Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2.0.1) New Features xvi Deprecated in Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (11.2) xx 1 Overview of Oracle Database Installation New Oracle Products and Features Installed with This Release 1-1 Planning the Installation 1-1 Installation Considerations 1-2 Hardware and Software Certification 1-3 Third-Party Database Certification for Oracle SQL Developer 1-3 Multiple Oracle Homes Support 1-3 Installing Oracle Database on a System with an Existing Oracle Installation 1-3 Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Standalone Server 1-3 Oracle Cluster Synchronization Services 1-4 Installing Oracle Database Vault in an Oracle Data Guard Environment 1-4 Oracle Database Vault Default Audit Policy and Initialization Parameters 1-4 Oracle Database Installation Methods 1-5 Interactive Installation Types 1-5 Automated Installation Methods Using Response Files 1-6 Software Updates Option 1-6 Oracle Database Editions 1-6 Database Configuration Options 1-7 Preconfigured Database Types 1-7 Installation Choices that Affect Database Creation 1-7 Creating a Database After Installation 1-8 iv Database Storage Options 1-8 File System 1-8 Oracle Automatic Storage Management 1-9 Database Management Options 1-11 Management Options for Preconfigured Databases 1-12 Management Options for Custom Databases 1-12 Features Provided by Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control 1-12 Database Backup and Recovery Options 1-13 Enabling Automated Backups 1-13 Backup Job Default Settings 1-14 E-mail Notification Options 1-14 Migration Consideration 1-14 Upgrade Considerations 1-14 Upgrading an Oracle Database Installed on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2.1 1-15 Oracle ASM Installed with Oracle Grid Infrastructure 1-15 Daylight Saving Time Upgrade 1-15 Upgrading an Oracle Database in the Same Oracle Home 1-16 2 Oracle Database Preinstallation Requirements About Installing the Linux Operating System 2-2 Completing a Minimal Linux Installation 2-2 Completing a Default Linux Installation 2-3 About Oracle Linux and the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel 2-3 About the Oracle RDBMS Pre-Install and Oracle Validated RPMs 2-4 Installing the Oracle Pre-Install or Oracle Validated RPM with ULN Support 2-5 Installing the Oracle RDBMS Pre-Install RPM from DVD Disks or Images 2-6 Using Ksplice to Perform a Zero Downtime Update 2-7 Logging In to the System as root 2-8 Checking the Hardware Requirements 2-9 Memory Requirements 2-9 System Architecture 2-11 Disk Space Requirements 2-11 Display Requirements 2-12 Checking the Software Requirements 2-13 Operating System Requirements 2-13 Kernel Requirements 2-15 Package Requirements 2-16 Compiler Requirements 2-24 Additional Software Requirements 2-25 Oracle ODBC Drivers 2-25 Oracle JDBC/OCI Drivers 2-27 Linux-PAM Library 2-27 Oracle Messaging Gateway 2-27 Programming Languages 2-27 Browser Requirements 2-27 Oracle Database Vault Preinstallation Requirement 2-28 Reviewing Operating System Security Common Practices 2-28 v Installation Fixup Scripts 2-28 Verifying UDP and TCP Kernel Parameters 2-28 Installing the cvuqdisk Package for Linux 2-29 Checking the Network Setup 2-30 Installing on DHCP Computers 2-30 Installing on Multihomed Computers 2-30 Installing on Computers with Multiple Aliases 2-31 Installing on Non-Networked Computers 2-31 Creating Required Operating System Groups and Users 2-31 Creating Custom Configuration Groups and Users for Job Roles 2-32 Understanding Restrictions for Oracle Installations with Job Role Separation 2-32 Database Groups for Job Role Installations 2-33 Oracle Grid Infrastructure Groups for Job Role Installations 2-33 Creating Database Operating System Groups and Users with Job Role Separation 2-34 Creating the Oracle Inventory Group 2-34 Creating the OSDBA Group for Database Installations 2-35 Creating an OSOPER Group for Database Installations 2-36 Creating the OSASM Group for Oracle Automatic Storage Management 2-36 Creating the OSDBA Group for Oracle Automatic Storage Management 2-36 Creating the OSOPER Group for Oracle Automatic Storage Management 2-36 Creating the Oracle Software Owner User 2-36 Determining if an Oracle Software Owner User Exists 2-37 Creating an Oracle Software Owner User 2-37 Modifying an Existing Oracle Software Owner User 2-38 Checking Resource Limits for the Oracle Software Installation Users 2-38 Configuring Kernel Parameters for Linux 2-39 Displaying and Changing Kernel Parameter Values 2-41 Identifying Required Software Directories 2-42 Oracle Base Directory 2-43 Oracle Inventory Directory 2-44 Oracle Home Directory 2-44 Identifying or Creating an Oracle Base Directory 2-45 Identifying an Existing Oracle Base Directory 2-45 Creating an Oracle Base Directory 2-46 Choosing a Storage Option for Oracle Database and Recovery Files 2-47 Creating Directories for Oracle Database or Recovery Files 2-48 Guidelines for Placing Oracle Database Files on a File System 2-48 Creating Required Directories 2-48 Configuring Storage for Oracle Database Files Using Block Devices 2-49 Configuring Disk Devices for Oracle Database 2-50 Example of Creating a Udev Permissions File for Oracle Database 2-50 Example of Configuring Block Device Storage for Oracle Database 2-50 Stopping Existing Oracle Processes 2-51 Configuring the oracle User’s Environment 2-53 3 Oracle Grid Infrastructure Requirements for Oracle Grid Infrastructure Installation 3-2 vi Memory Requirements 3-2 Disk Space Requirements 3-3 Configuring the User’s Environment 3-3 Oracle ACFS and Oracle ADVM Support 3-4 Managing Disk Groups for Older Database Versions 3-5 Migrating Existing Oracle Automatic Storage Management Instances 3-5 Oracle Automatic Storage Management Installation Considerations 3-6 Preparing Disks for an Oracle Automatic Storage Management Installation 3-7 General Steps for Configuring Oracle Automatic Storage Management 3-7 Step 1: Identifying Storage Requirements for Oracle Automatic Storage Management 3-7 Step 2: Creating DAS or SAN Disk Partitions for Oracle Automatic Storage Management 3-10 Step 3: Configuring Disks for Oracle Automatic Storage Management 3-10 Configuring Disks for Oracle Automatic Storage Management Using the Automatic Storage Management Library Driver (ASMLIB) 3-11 Configuring Disk Devices Manually for Oracle Automatic Storage Management 3-14 Installing Oracle Grid Infrastructure Using a Software-Only Installation 3-15 Installing the Software Binaries 3-16 Configuring the Software Binaries 3-16 Installing and Configuring Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Standalone Server 3-16 Installing Oracle Grid Infrastructure with a New Database Installation 3-17 Installing Oracle Grid Infrastructure for an Existing Database 3-22 Modifying Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Standalone Server Binaries 3-22 Manually Configuring Oracle Automatic Storage Management Disk Groups 3-23 Testing the Oracle Automatic Storage Management Installation 3-24 4 Installing Oracle Database Preinstallation Considerations 4-1 Performing Multiple Oracle Database Installations in Response File or Silent Mode 4-1 Reviewing Component-Specific Installation Guidelines 4-1 Selecting the Database Character Set 4-2 Using an Oracle Automatic Storage Management Disk Group 4-3 Accessing the Installation Software 4-4 Downloading Oracle Software 4-5 Downloading the Installation Archive Files from OTN 4-5 Downloading the Software from Oracle Software Delivery Cloud 4-5 Extracting the Installation Files 4-6 Copying the Software to the Hard Disk 4-7 Mounting Disks 4-7 Copying the Oracle Database Software to a Hard Disk 4-8 Database Security Options 4-8 Installing the Oracle Database Software 4-9 Running Oracle Universal Installer 4-9 Installing Oracle Database Examples 4-19 5 Oracle Database Postinstallation Tasks Required Postinstallation Tasks 5-1 Downloading and Installing Patches 5-1 vii Recommended Postinstallation Tasks 5-2 Creating a Backup of the root.sh Script 5-3 Configuring New or Upgraded Databases 5-3 Creating and Configuring Additional Operating System Accounts 5-3 Configuring the Accounts of Oracle Users 5-3 Setting the NLS_LANG Environment Variable 5-4 Generating the Client Static Library 5-4 Guidelines for Setting Semaphore Parameters 5-4 Creating a Fast Recovery Area Disk Group 5-5 About the Fast Recovery Area and the Fast Recovery Area Disk Group 5-5 Creating the Fast Recovery Area Disk Group 5-5 Enabling and Disabling Database Options 5-6 Required Product-Specific Postinstallation Tasks 5-7 Configuring Oracle Net Services 5-7 Configuring Oracle Label Security 5-8 Configuring Oracle Database Vault 5-8 Configuring Oracle Messaging Gateway 5-8 Modifying the listener.ora File for External Procedures 5-8 Modifying the tnsnames.ora File for External Procedures 5-9 Setting Up the mgw.ora Initialization File 5-10 Configuring Oracle Precompilers 5-10 Configuring Pro*C/C++ 5-10 Configuring Pro*FORTRAN 5-10 Configuring Secure Sockets Layer 5-11 Installing Oracle Text Supplied Knowledge Bases 5-11 Configuring or Reinstalling Oracle XML DB 5-11 Configuring and Using Direct NFS Client 5-11 Direct NFS Client 5-11 Enabling a Direct NFS Client 5-12 Disabling Direct NFS Client 5-13 Checking NFS Buffer Size Parameters 5-14 Postinstallation Tasks for SQL Developer 5-14 Migrating User Settings from Release 1.0 5-14 Migrating Information from Previous Releases 5-15 Location of User-Related Information 5-15 6 Getting Started with Oracle Database Checking the Installed Oracle Database Contents and Directory Location 6-1 Logging In to Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control 6-1 Managing Oracle Automatic Storage Management 6-3 Starting and Stopping Oracle Automatic Storage Management 6-3 Oracle Automatic Storage Management Utilities 6-3 Accessing Oracle Database with SQL*Plus 6-4 Accessing Oracle Database with SQL Developer 6-5 Reviewing Accounts and Passwords 6-5 Unlocking and Resetting User Passwords 6-8 Using Database Control to Unlock Accounts and Reset Passwords 6-8 viii Using SQL*Plus to Unlock Accounts and Reset Passwords 6-9 Unlocking and Changing Passwords 6-9 Identifying Databases 6-10 Locating the Server Parameter File 6-11 Reviewing Tablespaces and Data Files, Redo Log Files, and Control Files 6-11 Identifying Tablespaces and Data Files 6-12 Locating Redo Log Files 6-13 Locating Control Files 6-13 7 Removing Oracle Database Software About the Deinstallation Tool 7-2 Downloading the Deinstallation Tool for Use with Failed Installations 7-4 Example of Running the Deinstall Command 7-5 Deinstallation Parameter File Example for Oracle Database 7-5 Deinstallation Parameter File Example for Oracle Grid Infrastructure 7-6 A Installing and Configuring Oracle Database Using Response Files How Response Files Work A-1 Reasons for Using Silent Mode or Response File Mode A-2 Creating a Database Using Oracle Automatic Storage Management as the Storage Option for Database Files A-3 General Procedure for Using Response Files A-3 Creating the oraInst.loc File A-3 Preparing a Response File A-4 Editing a Response File Template A-4 Saving a Response File A-5 Running Oracle Universal Installer Using a Response File A-6 Running Net Configuration Assistant Using a Response File A-7 Running Database Configuration Assistant Using a Response File A-8 Using Database Configuration Assistant in Response File Mode A-9 Using Database Configuration Assistant in Silent Mode A-9 Running Database Configuration Assistant in Response File or Silent Mode A-9 Postinstallation Configuration Using a Response File A-10 About the Postinstallation Configuration File A-10 Running Postinstallation Configuration Using a Response File A-11 B Cloning an Oracle Home Cloning an Oracle Home B-1 Configuring Oracle Configuration Manager in a Cloned Oracle Home B-3 C Using NAS Devices General Configuration Guidelines for NAS Devices C-1 NFS Feature Description C-2 Choosing Mount Points C-2 Choosing Mount Points for Oracle Software Files C-2 Choosing Mount Points for Oracle Database and Recovery Files C-4 ix Creating Files on a NAS Device for Use with Oracle Automatic Storage Management C-4 NFS Mount Options C-5 D Optimal Flexible Architecture Overview of the Optimal Flexible Architecture Standard D-1 Advantages of Multiple Oracle Homes and OFA D-1 Implementing Optimal Flexible Architecture D-2 File Systems D-2 Number of File Systems D-2 Naming Conventions D-2 Naming Directories D-2 Oracle Base Directory Naming Convention D-3 Naming Mount Points for Very Large Databases (VLDBs) D-3 Referring to Path Names D-3 Oracle Home Directory Naming Convention D-3 Naming Subdirectories D-4 Naming Database Files D-5 Separating Segments with Different Requirements D-6 Exploiting the Optimal Flexible Architecture Structure for Oracle Files D-6 Optimal Flexible Architecture File Mapping D-7 E Managing Oracle Database Port Numbers About Managing Ports E-1 Viewing Port Numbers and Access URLs E-2 Port Numbers and Protocols of Oracle Components E-2 Changing the Oracle Enterprise Management Agent Port E-3 Changing the Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control Ports E-4 F Configuring Oracle Database Globalization Support Installing and Using Oracle Components in Different Languages F-1 Configuring Oracle Components to Run in Different Languages F-1 Determining the Operating System Locale by Using the LANG Environment Variable F-2 Configuring Locale and Character Sets Using NLS_LANG F-3 Installing Translation Resources F-3 Running Oracle Universal Installer in Different Languages F-4 G Troubleshooting Verify Requirements G-1 X Window Display Errors G-2 Remote Terminal Installation Error G-2 What to Do If an Installation Error Occurs? G-3 Reviewing the Log of an Installation Session G-3 Troubleshooting and Deconfiguring Oracle Restart G-4 Troubleshooting Host Name Changes and CSS G-5 Troubleshooting Configuration Assistants G-5 x Configuration Assistant Failure G-5 Irrecoverable Errors G-5 Troubleshooting Inventory Issues G-6 Troubleshooting Screen Display Issues G-6 Silent-Mode Response File Error Handling G-6 Cleaning Up After a Failed Installation G-6 H Frequently Asked Questions About Installation Installing Oracle Database H-1 Installing Oracle Database Tools H-3 Installing Oracle Database with Oracle Applications H-7 Installing Oracle Database Heterogeneous Connectivity Tools (Gateways) H-8 Glossary Index [...]... Linux ■ Oracle Database Examples Installation Guide ■ Oracle Real Application Clusters Installation Guide ■ Oracle Database Quick Installation Guide for Linux x86 ■ Oracle Database Client Quick Installation Guide for Linux x86 ■ Oracle Database Quick Installation Guide for Linux x86-64 ■ Oracle Database Client Quick Installation Guide for Linux x86-64 ■ Oracle Database Quick Installation Guide for IBM:... Oracle Database Vault, the security specific database initialization parameters are initialized with default values Oracle Database Vault Administrator's Guide for more information about the database audit policy See Also: 1-4 Oracle Database Installation Guide Oracle Database Installation Methods Oracle Database Installation Methods You can choose different installation methods to install Oracle Database, ... for Oracle Database 11g products includes the following manuals: ■ Oracle Database Concepts ■ Oracle Database New Features Guide ■ Oracle Database Licensing Information ■ Oracle Database Readme ■ Oracle Universal Installer and OPatch User's Guide for Windows and UNIX ■ Oracle Grid Infrastructure Installation Guide ■ Oracle Database Release Notes for Linux ■ Oracle Database Client Installation Guide for... Oracle Database 1-6 Oracle Database Installation Guide Database Configuration Options Standard Edition One includes all the features necessary to build business-critical applications Note: ■ ■ ■ You must install Oracle Database Client separately You cannot install it during an Oracle Database installation See Oracle Database Client Installation Guide for Linux for installation instructions The installation. .. Creating a Database After Installation If you did not create a database during the installation, then you can use Oracle Database Configuration Assistant to create a database after you install the software For more information about using Oracle Database Configuration Assistant to create a database after installation, see "Creating and Managing a Database with DBCA" in Oracle Database 2 Day DBA Database. .. the different installation types of Oracle Database and issues to consider before you install Oracle Database: ■ New Oracle Products and Features Installed with This Release ■ Planning the Installation ■ Installation Considerations ■ Oracle Database Installation Methods ■ Software Updates Option ■ Oracle Database Editions ■ Database Configuration Options ■ Database Storage Options ■ Database Management... z ■ Oracle Database Client Quick Installation Guide for IBM: Linux on System z ■ Oracle Database Administrator's Reference for Linux and UNIX-Based Operating Systems ■ Oracle Automatic Storage Management Administrator's Guide ■ Oracle Database Upgrade Guide ■ Oracle Database 2 Day DBA ■ Oracle Application Express Installation Guide For information about Oracle error messages, see Oracle Database Error... For Oracle Database files, it simplifies the management of a dynamic database environment, for example, creating and laying out databases and managing disk space Oracle ASM can be used with single database installations, multiple database installations, and in Oracle RAC environments It can be used with databases created in Oracle Database 10g Release 1 (10.1.0.3 or later) However, Oracle Database 11g... Manager Database Control locally on the database system Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control software is installed by default with every Oracle Database installation This local installation provides a Web-based interface called Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control The Database Control is similar to the Grid Control, but it can manage only a single database If you want to administer multiple databases... Preconfigured Database Types ■ Installation Choices that Affect Database Creation ■ Creating a Database After Installation Preconfigured Database Types Oracle provides the following preconfigured database types that you can create or customize during the installation: ■ General Purpose/Transaction Processing ■ Data Warehouse See the online help provided by either Oracle Universal Installer or Oracle Database . Clusters Installation Guide ■ Oracle Database Quick Installation Guide for Linux x86 ■ Oracle Database Client Quick Installation Guide for Linux x86 ■ Oracle Database. Quick Installation Guide for Linux x86-64 ■ Oracle Database Client Quick Installation Guide for Linux x86-64 ■ Oracle Database Quick Installation Guide