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10 HostScalability Host Scalability Module 10 © 2015 VMware Inc All rights reserved © 2015 VMware Inc All rights reserved VMware vSphere Install, Configure, Manage 10 ‹› You Are Here Course Introduct.
Host Scalability Module 10 © 2015 VMware Inc All rights reserved You Are Here Course Introduction Virtual Machine Management Software-Defined Data Center Resource Management and Creating Virtual Machines vCenter Server Configuring and Managing Virtual Networks Configuring and Managing Virtual Storage Monitoring vSphere HA and vSphere Fault Tolerance 10 Host Scalability 11 vSphere Update Manager and Host Maintenance 12 Installing vSphere Components VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage © 2015 VMware Inc All rights reserved 10-2 Importance As you scale your VMware vSphere® environment, you must be aware of the vSphere features and functions that will help you manage the hosts in your environment VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage © 2015 VMware Inc All rights reserved 10-3 Learner Objectives By the end of this module, you should be able to meet the following objectives: ã Describe the functions of a VMware vSpheređ Distributed Resource Scheduler™ cluster • Create a vSphere DRS cluster • View information about a vSphere DRS cluster • Remove a host from a vSphere DRS cluster VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage © 2015 VMware Inc All rights reserved 10-4 vSphere DRS Cluster Prerequisites vSphere DRS works best when the virtual machines meet VMware vSphere® vMotion® migration requirements To use vSphere DRS for load balancing, the hosts in the cluster must be part of a vSphere vMotion migration network • If not, vSphere DRS can still make initial placement recommendations To use shared storage, configure all hosts in the cluster: • Volumes must be accessible by all hosts • Volumes must be large enough to store all virtual disks for your virtual machine VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage © 2015 VMware Inc All rights reserved 10-5 vSphere DRS Cluster Settings: Automation Level Configure the automation level for the initial placement of virtual machines and dynamic balancing while virtual machines are running Automation Level Settings Migration threshold guides selection of virtual machines for migration VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage © 2015 VMware Inc All rights reserved 10-6 Other Cluster Settings: Swap File Location for vSphere DRS Store the virtual machine’s swap file with the virtual machine or in a specified datastore VMware recommends that you store the swap file in the same directory as the virtual machine VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage © 2015 VMware Inc All rights reserved 10-7 vSphere DRS Cluster Settings: Virtual Machine Affinity vSphere DRS affinity rules specify that selected virtual machines be placed either on the same host (affinity) or on separate hosts (anti-affinity) Affinity rules: • Use for multi-virtual machine systems where virtual machines communicate heavily with one another Anti-affinity rules: Options: • Keep Virtual Machines Together • Separate Virtual Machines • Virtual Machines to Hosts • Use for multi-virtual machine systems where load balance or high availability is desired VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage © 2015 VMware Inc All rights reserved 10-8 vSphere DRS Cluster Settings: DRS Groups DRS groups are used in defining VM-Host affinity rules Types of DRS groups: • A group of virtual machines • A group of hosts A virtual machine can belong to multiple virtual machine DRS groups A host can belong to multiple host DRS groups VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage © 2015 VMware Inc All rights reserved 10-9 vSphere DRS Cluster Settings: VM-Host Affinity Rules A VM-Host affinity rule: • Specifies an affinity relationship between a virtual machine DRS group and a host DRS group • Is either a required rule or a preferential rule Other options: Must run on hosts in group, Must Not run on hosts in group, Should Not run on hosts in group VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage © 2015 VMware Inc All rights reserved 10-10 VM-Host Affinity Rule: Preferential A preferential rule is softly enforced and can be violated if necessary Example: Separate virtual machines on different blade systems vSphere DRS Cluster Group A X Group B X Blade Chassis A Blade Chassis B VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage © 2015 VMware Inc All rights reserved 10-11 VM-Host Affinity Rule: Required A required rule is strictly enforced and can never be violated Example: Enforce host-based ISV licensing vSphere DRS Cluster Group A X X ISV-Licensed VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage © 2015 VMware Inc All rights reserved 10-12 vSphere DRS Cluster Settings: Automation at the Virtual Machine Level You can customize the automation level for individual virtual machines in a cluster to override the automation level set on the entire cluster VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage © 2015 VMware Inc All rights reserved 10-13 Adding a Host to a Cluster When adding a host or moving a host into a vSphere DRS cluster, you can keep the resource pool hierarchy of the existing host • If vSphere DRS is not enabled, host resources pools are lost For example, add sc-quail04 to Lab Cluster When adding the host, choose to create a resource pool for this host’s virtual machines and resource pools VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage © 2015 VMware Inc All rights reserved 10-14 Viewing vSphere DRS Cluster Information The cluster Summary tab provides information specific to vSphere DRS Clicking the vSphere DRS link on the Monitor tab displays CPU and memory utilization per host VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage © 2015 VMware Inc All rights reserved 10-15 Viewing vSphere DRS Recommendations The DRS tab displays information about the vSphere DRS recommendations made for the cluster, the faults that occurred in applying such recommendations, and the history of vSphere DRS actions Refresh recommendations Apply a subset of recommendations Apply all recommendations VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage © 2015 VMware Inc All rights reserved 10-16 Monitoring Cluster Status View the inventory hierarchy for the cluster state You can view the cluster’s Tasks and Events tabs for more information VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage © 2015 VMware Inc All rights reserved 10-17 Maintenance Mode and Standby Mode To service a host in a cluster, for example, to install more memory, or remove a host from a cluster, you must place the host in maintenance mode: • Virtual machines on the host should be migrated to another host or shut down • You cannot power on virtual machines or migrate virtual machines to a host entering maintenance mode • While in maintenance mode, the host does not allow you to deploy or power on a virtual machine When a host is placed in standby mode, it is powered off: • This mode is used by VMware vSphere® Distributed Power Management™ to optimize power usage VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage © 2015 VMware Inc All rights reserved 10-18 Removing a Host from the vSphere DRS Cluster Before removing a host from a vSphere DRS cluster, consider the following issues: • The resource pool hierarchy remains with the cluster • Because a host must be in maintenance mode, all virtual machines running on that host are powered off • The resources available for the cluster decrease VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage © 2015 VMware Inc All rights reserved 10-19 Improving Virtual Machine Performance Methods Fine Use network traffic shaping Modify the virtual machine’s CPU and memory reservations Modify the resource pool’s CPU and memory limits and reservations Broad Use NIC teaming Use storage multipathing Use a vSphere DRS cluster VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage © 2015 VMware Inc All rights reserved 10-20 Using vSphere HA with vSphere DRS Reasons why VMware vSphere® High Availability might not be able to fail over virtual machines: • vSphere HA admission control is disabled • Required VM-Host affinity rule prevents vSphere HA from failing over • Sufficient aggregated resources exist, but they are fragmented across hosts In such cases, vSphere HA uses vSphere DRS to try to adjust the cluster by migrating virtual machines to defragment the resources VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage © 2015 VMware Inc All rights reserved 10-21 Lab 22: Implementing a vSphere DRS Cluster Implement a vSphere DRS cluster Create a Load Imbalance Create a vSphere DRS Cluster Verify Proper vSphere DRS Cluster Functionality Create, Test, and Disable a VM-VM Affinity Rule Create, Test, and Disable an Anti-Affinity Rule Create, Test, and Disable a VM-Host Affinity Rule VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage © 2015 VMware Inc All rights reserved 10-22 Review of Learner Objectives You should be able to meet the following objectives: ã Describe the functions of a VMware vSpheređ Distributed Resource Scheduler™ cluster • Create a vSphere DRS cluster • View information about a vSphere DRS cluster • Remove a host from a vSphere DRS cluster VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage © 2015 VMware Inc All rights reserved 10-23 Key Points • vSphere DRS clusters provide automated resource management for multiple VMware ESXi™ hosts • vSphere DRS works best if the virtual machines meet vSphere vMotion migration requirements Questions? VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage © 2015 VMware Inc All rights reserved 10-24