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Let us know by e-mailing wrox-partnerwithus@wrox.com www.it-ebooks.info Beginning PHP 5.3 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xxvii Part I: Getting Up and Running with PHP Chapter 1: Introducing PHP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Chapter 2: Your First PHP Script . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Part II: Learning the Language Chapter 3: PHP Language Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Chapter 4: Decisions and Loops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Chapter 5: Strings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Chapter 6: Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Chapter 7: Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 Chapter 8: Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 Part III: Using PHP in Practice Chapter 9: Handling HTML Forms with PHP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221 Chapter 10: Preserving State With Query Strings, Cookies, and Sessions . . 267 Chapter 11: Working with Files and Directories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297 Chapter 12: Introducing Databases and SQL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337 Chapter 13: Retrieving Data from MySQL with PHP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367 Chapter 14: Manipulating MySQL Data with PHP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403 Chapter 15: Making Your Job Easier with PEAR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441 Chapter 16: PHP and the Outside World . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 471 Chapter 17: Generating Images with PHP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507 Chapter 18: String Matching with Regular Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 539 Chapter 19: Working with XML . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 573 Chapter 20: Writing High-Quality Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 619 Appendix A: Solutions to Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 673 Appendix B: Configuring PHP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 719 Appendix C: Alternatives to MySQL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 757 Appendix D: Using PHP from the Command Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 765 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 775 ffirs.indd iffirs.indd i 9/21/09 7:22:44 PM9/21/09 7:22:44 PM www.it-ebooks.info ffirs.indd iiffirs.indd ii 9/21/09 7:22:45 PM9/21/09 7:22:45 PM www.it-ebooks.info Beginning PHP 5.3 ffirs.indd iiiffirs.indd iii 9/21/09 7:22:45 PM9/21/09 7:22:45 PM www.it-ebooks.info ffirs.indd ivffirs.indd iv 9/21/09 7:22:45 PM9/21/09 7:22:45 PM www.it-ebooks.info Beginning PHP 5.3 Matt Doyle Wiley Publishing, Inc. ffirs.indd vffirs.indd v 9/21/09 7:22:46 PM9/21/09 7:22:46 PM www.it-ebooks.info Beginning PHP 5.3 Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc. 10475 Crosspoint Boulevard Indianapolis, IN 46256 www.wiley.com Copyright © 2010 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana ISBN: 978-0-470-41396-8 Manufactured in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Control Number: 2009017149 No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 646-8600. 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All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Wiley Publishing, Inc. is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books. ffirs.indd viffirs.indd vi 9/21/09 7:22:46 PM9/21/09 7:22:46 PM www.it-ebooks.info This book is dedicated to Cat, my rock in stormy seas, and Zack, my sunshine on a cloudy day. ffirs.indd viiffirs.indd vii 9/21/09 7:22:46 PM9/21/09 7:22:46 PM www.it-ebooks.info ffirs.indd viiiffirs.indd viii 9/21/09 7:22:46 PM9/21/09 7:22:46 PM www.it-ebooks.info [...]... Permissions 31 3 31 4 Copying, Renaming, and Deleting Files Working with Directories Other Directory Functions Working with Directory Objects Telling a File from a Directory Building a Text Editor 31 5 31 6 31 8 32 0 32 1 32 5 The Text Editor Script Testing the Editor Examining the Editor Code 32 5 32 8 32 9 Summary Exercise 33 4 33 5 Chapter 12: Introducing Databases and SQL Deciding How to Store Data 33 7 33 8 Database... Databases 35 3 35 4 35 6 35 6 35 7 35 8 35 8 Connecting to MySQL from PHP 35 9 Making a Connection Handling Errors Reading Data 36 0 36 0 36 1 Summary Exercises 36 5 36 5 xxi www.it-ebooks.info Contents Chapter 13: Retrieving Data from MySQL with PHP Setting Up the Book Club Database The The The The 36 7 36 7 BINARY Attribute and Collations UNIQUE Constraint ENUM Data Type TIMESTAMP Data Type 36 9 37 0 37 0 37 1 Retrieving... Database 33 8 33 9 34 0 Understanding Relational Databases Normalization Talking to Databases with SQL Setting Up MySQL 34 1 34 1 34 3 34 9 Starting the MySQL Server Setting Up the MySQL root Password A Quick Play with MySQL 34 9 35 0 35 3 Creating a New Database Creating a Table Adding Data to a Table Reading Data from a Table Updating Data in a Table Deleting Data from a Table Deleting Tables and Databases 35 3 35 4... Other Ways to Run PHP 22 Running PHP with other Web Servers Compiling PHP Yourself Running PHP Remotely Creating Your First Script 23 23 24 24 Embedding PHP within HTML Enhancing the Script Further Using Comments to Make Code More Readable Summary Exercise 25 28 29 30 30 www.it-ebooks.info Contents Part II: Learning the Language Chapter 3: PHP Language Basics 33 Using Variables in PHP 33 Naming Variables... with SELECT 37 1 Limiting the Number of Rows Returned Sorting Results Using Pattern Matching for Flexible Queries Summarizing Data Eliminating Duplicate Results Grouping Results Pulling Data from Multiple Tables Using Aliases Other Useful MySQL Operators and Functions Creating a Member Record Viewer 37 2 37 3 37 4 37 6 37 7 37 8 37 9 38 1 38 2 38 5 Creating the config .php File Creating the common.inc .php File Creating... Contents Introduction xxvii Part I: Getting Up and Running with PHP Chapter 1: Introducing PHP 3 What Is PHP? Why Use PHP? The Evolution of PHP What’s New in PHP 5 .3 3 5 7 7 Namespaces The goto Operator Nowdoc Syntax Shorthand Form of the Ternary Operator Advanced Changes Summary 7 8 8 8 9 9 Chapter 2: Your First PHP Script Installing PHP 11 12 Installing on Ubuntu Linux Installing on Windows Installing... and Closing Files 30 0 Opening a File with fopen() Closing a File with fclose() 30 0 30 2 Reading and Writing to Files 30 2 Reading and Writing Strings of Characters Testing for the End of a File Reading One Line at a Time Reading CSV Files Reading and Writing Entire Files xx www.it-ebooks.info 30 3 30 6 30 7 30 8 30 9 Contents Random Access to File Data 31 1 Working with File Permissions 31 2 Changing Permissions... view_members .php Script Creating the view_member .php Script Testing the Application 38 6 38 7 38 8 39 0 39 4 39 5 39 9 400 Summary Exercises 401 402 Chapter 14: Manipulating MySQL Data with PHP Inserting Records Updating Records Deleting Records Building a Member Registration Application Adding More Common Code Enhancing the Member Class Creating the Registration Script Testing the Application 4 03 4 03 406 407... 182 1 83 184 187 191 192 196 198 199 200 204 209 209 210 212 2 13 215 217 218 Part III: Using PHP in Practice Chapter 9: Handling HTML Forms with PHP 221 How HTML Forms Work Capturing Form Data with PHP 222 230 Dealing Securely with Form Data Handling Empty Form Fields 234 234 Dealing with Multi-Value Fields Generating Web Forms with PHP Storing PHP Variables in Forms Creating File Upload Forms 236 242... scripts Although this book covers PHP 5 .3 , the production version available at the time of writing was 5.2 Therefore some sections of the book — particularly Chapter 2 — contain references to version 5.2 However, as long as you install a version of PHP greater than 5.1 — whether that’s 5.2 , 5 .3 , or later — you’ll be fine You’ll need a text editor to create and edit your PHP scripts, and many decent free . Language Chapter 3: PHP Language Basics 33 Using Variables in PHP 33 Naming Variables 34 Creating Variables 34 Understanding Data Types 35 About Loose Typing 36 Testing. Getting Up and Running with PHP Chapter 1: Introducing PHP 3 What Is PHP? 3 Why Use PHP? 5 The Evolution of PHP 7 What’s New in PHP 5. 3 7 Namespaces 7 The goto