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Leadership for Nursing and
Allied Health Care Professions
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Leadership for Nursing and
Allied Health Care Professions
Editor: Veronica Bishop
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Open University Press
McGraw-Hill Education
McGraw-Hill House
Shoppenhangers Road
Maidenhead
Berkshire
England
SL6 2QL
email: enquiries@openup.co.uk
world wide web: www.openup.co.uk
and Two Penn Plaza, New York, NY 10121—2289, USA
First published 2009
Copyright © Veronica Bishop 2009
All rights reserved. Except for the quotation of short passages for the
purpose of criticism and review, no part of this publication may be
reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by
any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise,
without the prior written permission of the publisher or a licence from the
Copyright Licensing Agency Limited. Details of such licences (for
reprographic reproduction) may be obtained from the Copyright Licensing
Agency Ltd of Saffron House, 6–10 Kirby Street, London, EC1N 8TS.
A catalogue record of this book is available from the British Library
ISBN-13: 9780335225330 (pb) 978033522532-3 (hb)
ISBN-10: 033522533-0 (pb) 033522532-2 (hb)
Typeset by Kerrypress, Luton, Bedfordshire
Printed and bound in the UK by Bell and Bain Ltd.
Fictitious names of companies, products, people, characters and/or data
that may be used herein (in case studies or in examples) are not intended
to represent any real individual, company, product or event.
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Contents
Notes on contributors vii
Foreword xii
Preface Veronica Bishop xv
Introduction 1
Veronica Bishop
1 What is leadership? 8
Veronica Bishop
2 Leadership and management: a new mutiny? 32
David Stanley
3 Leadership challenges: professional power and
dominance in health care 52
Mike Saks
4 Leadership for the allied health professions 75
Mary Lovegrove and Tyrone Goh
5 Developing political leaders in nursing 98
Sue Antrobus, Annie Macleod and Abigail Masterson
6 Educating leaders for global health care
Dawn Freshwater, Iain Graham and Philip Esterhuizen 121
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7 Clinical leadership and the theory of congruent
leadership 143
David Stanley
8 Leadership for health globally: grasping the nettle 164
Veronica Bishop
Index 187
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Notes on contributors
Sue Antrobus, MPhil, BSc, PGDipEd, RGN, has over 20 years’ experience
working with, or connected to, the National Health Service (NHS), the
independent sector, academia and a major professional union. In her NHS
work she has held roles in the Department of Health and with health
authorities and has worked directly with patients in clinical practice. Sue
currently holds a non-executive appointment at a primary care trust in the
north west of England, where she has the non-executive lead for commis-
sioning, patient safety and clinical quality. Her particular interest throughout
her career has been to enable health and social care staff to contribute
effectively at a strategic and policy level through leadership development.
She has a particular interest in commissioning and has worked at a national
policy level to develop the nursing contribution to the commissioning
agenda. As a successful change agent, Sue has a renowned track record of
working with a range of partners to agree priorities and translate those into
programmes that bring about service improvement and change across the UK
and internationally.
Veronica Bishop, PhD, MPhil, RGN, FRSA, is Visiting Professor of Nursing
at City University, London, editor-in-chief of the Journal of Research in Nursing
(Sage) and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts. She is an adviser to the Hong
Kong Nursing Journal, a member of the scientific committee for the Royal
College of Nursing (RCN) Research Society, and until recently an executive
member of the Florence Nightingale Foundation and a member of its
academic panel. Veronica came late into nursing after a varied career. Having
gained her RGN and specialized in cardio-thoracic and intensive care nurs-
ing, she joined the Anaesthetic Research Department at the Royal College of
Surgeons (England) and obtained an MPhil (CNAA), followed by a PhD
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through the Faculty of Medicine, London University. Both degrees sought to
bridge the gap between clinical research and nursing. She then joined the
Civil Service as a nursing officer where she had responsibility for a large body
of nursing and midwifery research and workforce studies for the entire NHS.
She also had the national lead across the UK for clinical supervision, and
commissioned the first national multi-site study in nursing. Veronica has
worked as a consultant for the WHO in Denmark, India and Romania, is
widely published and has presented keynote speeches at numerous nursing
conferences.
Philip Esterhuizen, PhD, MScN, BA, is a nursing lecturer in research and
elective English-language modules on intercultural sensitivity in the Nether-
lands. He is involved in Master’s and Bachelor curriculum development, and
supervises students at Doctoral and Master’s levels. Between 2002 and 2008
he worked in academic settings in England and ran action research in various
settings, was involved in developing or sustaining clinical supervision and
was curriculum development consultant and an external panel member
validating undergraduate, postgraduate and Master’s programmes, at two
universities in Ireland. Philip reviews manuscripts for numerous interna-
tional journals. His PhD research explored the socialization and professional
development of undergraduate nursing students in the Netherlands.
Dawn Freshwater, PhD, BA, RNT, RN, FRCN, is Professor and Dean of the
School of Health care at the , a Fellow of the Royal College
of Nursing and editor of the Journal of Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing. She is
an active member of Sigma Theta Tau receiving the Distinguished Researcher
Award in 2000, and is an executive member of the Florence Nightingale
Foundation, where she sits on the research scholarship panel. Since the early
1990s she has maintained an interest in the application and evaluation of
transformational research, critical reflexivity, pragmatism, reflective practice
and clinical supervision, and in particular its relation to evidence-based
practice and the therapeutic alliance. She is external reviewer for the Forensic
Mental Health Fellowships and sits on a number of international grant
review panels. Dawn is a prolific writer and passionate about developing
leadership capacity through high quality research and education. In this
context she has a particular interest in transformational leadership, reflective
practice and strategic planning. She has undertaken significant strategic
change in her current role and was nominated as a woman of achievement in
2008.
Tyrone Goh, DSc, MBA, FCR, FIR (Aust.), HDCR, TDCR, is a radiographer
who moved into mainstream health care management. He is the current
executive director of three business units in Singapore, at the National
Health care Group (NHG), which operates the largest primary care diagnostic
service in the country and performs health care consultancy to regional
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countries. Tyrone was made an honorary Doctor of Science at South Bank
University, London, where he is a Visiting Fellow. Tyrone is recognized at the
highest level by many governments as well as his own, and a champion of
the radiography profession and the service worldwide. He is past president of
the International Society of Radiographers and sits on several local boards in
academia and hospitals. Some of Tyrone’s achievements include setting up a
radiotherapy centre at Singapore’s National University Hospital and initiat-
ing the first island-wide tele-radiology service in Singapore. He has been
given several local and international awards, and awarded the commenda-
tion medal by the President of Singapore, and the National Health care
Group distinguished staff achievement award, the highest accolade given to
non-clinical staff.
Iain Graham, PhD, MSc, MEd, BSc, RGN, RMN, is Professor of Nursing and
Head of School, Health and Human Sciences Faculty of Arts and Sciences,
Southern Cross University, NSW, Australia. He is a registered nurse in both
the UK and New South Wales, and qualified as a mental health nurse in the
UK. Iain has a background in advanced clinical practice, health service
management and education and has held various academic and service
positions in the UK. He is an Adjunct Professor in Nursing to Vanderbilt
University, Nashville, Tennessee, University of Northumbria, UK, and Uni-
versity of Technology, Sydney, and holds fellowships with the European
Academy of Nurse Scientists and the Royal Society of Health. During
2005–2007, Iain was President of the Consortium of Higher Education,
Health and Rehabilitation Educators, a European-based organization promot-
ing inter-professional education with health care. He teaches in the areas of
leadership, nursing theory and health policy, and supervises students at
doctoral and master’s levels.
Mary Lovegrove, MSc, TDCR, HDCR, DMU, DCR(R), MSSR, is a diagnostic
radiographer by profession, Professor of Education and Development for
Allied Health Professions, and very involved in the world of AHP. She is Head
of Department of Allied Health Sciences at London South Bank University
(LSBU) and a Director of Centre for Research in AHP at LSBU. Mary balances
her time between local, national and international activities. She is an
adviser to the UK Department of Health on Allied Health Development issues
and to the Health Authority of Hong Kong; she is a member of London
Higher and of the NHS London Education and Workforce review advisory
committee. She previously served as the vice-president for the International
Society of Radiographers and Radiological Technologists (Europe and Africa)
and is an honorary member of the Singapore Society of Radiographers. Mary
is an Allied Health Executive Member for the UK Council of Deans for
Nursing and Health Professions and is a member of the NHS London AHP
Network Steering Committee.
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Notes on contributors ix
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Annie Macleod, RCN, RM, MPhil, BSc, is currently a senior manager with
Hull Teaching Primary Care Trust. She is a nurse and midwife and has over 20
years’ experience in the NHS in ser vice redesign, project management,
organizational development and evaluation research. She has worked with
the RCN to complete a Department of Health sponsored national evaluation
of the clinical leadership programme. Since 2003, Annie has evaluated the
political leadership programme, which has been delivered to a variety of
national and international participants.
Abigail Masterson, MPA, MN, BSc, PGCEA, RN, FRSA, is Assistant Director
Clinical Quality at the Health Foundation and also director of her own
consultancy company. Abigail’s work ranges from national level projects
involving many powerful stakeholder groups to small service and/or organi-
zational development work in individual health and voluntary sector organi-
zations. She has worked with frontline clinical staff as well as senior
managers and policy staff from the full range of professions and disciplines
in health and social care.
Mike Saks, PhD, MA, BA, studied at the University of Lancaster, the
University of Kent and the London School of Economics, where he obtained
a BA, MA and PhD in sociology respectively. After taking up a lecturer post at
De Montfort University, he successively became Head of Department, Head
of School and Dean of the Faculty of Health and Community Studies. He is
currently Professor and Senior Pro Vice Chancellor at the University of
Lincoln. Mike has published widely on professionalization, health care and
complementary and alternative medicine, and given many keynote presenta-
tions at national and international conferences. He has served on a wide
range of NHS committees at local, regional and national level and acted as a
consultant to professional bodies in health care and the UK Department of
Health. Mike has been involved in a number of international research
collaborations and is currently President of the International Sociological
Association Research Committee on Professional Groups.
David Stanley, D.Nurs, MSc, BN, RGN, RM, began his career in nursing
when it was deemed vocational and was steeped in tradition. Since then he
has seen the transition of nursing into a proud and evidence-based profes-
sion. He trained as a registered nurse and midwife in South Australia and
worked through his formative career in a number of hospitals and clinical
environments there. In 1993 he completed a Bachelor of Nursing at Flinders
University, Adelaide (for which he was awarded the university medal). After a
number of years as a volunteer midwife in Africa, he moved to the UK to
work as the co-ordinator of children’s services in York, and as a nurse
practitioner. In pursuit of clinical excellence he completed a master’s in
health science at Birmingham University. After a short return to Australia
where he was director of nursing for remote health services in Alice Springs,
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x Notes on contributors
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[...]... of Health 2008) report is a product of Lord Darzi’s recent extensive examination of health care provision for England It has provided renewed focus on clinician – led services and, more importantly for this book and its readers, it suggests a central and critical role for leaders drawn from the nursing and allied health professions There have been recent suggestions that some of the health care professions. .. communication and changes in the political, economic, demographic and social changes, all touch our lives These changes also impact on health care provision, and the delivery of health services The aim of this book is to empower would – be leaders of nursing and allied health professions to be effective Leadership in health care is a high priority in the UK and, at the time of writing, is top of the list for. .. them, and offers a further concept for clinical health care staff to support clinical leadership Here the importance of collaboration to achieve standards and quality, without loss of identity of one’s discipline is discussed And importantly, the core values that make working in health care a challenge well worth accepting are examined In looking afresh at leadership within the health care services and. .. London: Kogan Page Berwick, D.M (1994) Eleven worthy aims for clinical leadership of health system reform Journal of the American Medical Association 272(10): 797–802 Berwick, D.M (2003) Improvement, trust and the health care workforce Quality and Safety in Health Care 12(6): 448–452 Bishop, V (2002) Editorial Journal of Research in Nursing (formerly Nursing Times Research) 7(4): 240 Kerrypress Ltd – Typeset... list for the National Health Service Federation However, for nursing and those health care professions allied to medicine, leadership has rarely been a highly visible clear cut business Certainly many consider that since the late 1990s, a severe erosion of power bases within the professions has occurred, particularly in the UK There is no single reason for this – ownership of health care is now very diverse,... for Professionals in Health and Social Care Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan Bishop, V and Freshwater, D (2004) Looking ahead: the future for nursing research In D Freshwater and V Bishop (eds.) Nursing Research in Context: Appreciation, Application and Professional Development Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan Collinson, G (2002) The primacy of purpose and the leadership of nursing Nursing Times Research... cornerstones of health care provision The underpinning values of health care systems are also being re-stated In the United Kingdom these will be expressed as a set of core values for the United Kingdom National Health Service These renewed values will bear down on the provision of health care but will not be realized properly unless driven by influential leadership from nurses and allied health professionals... gender stereotyping, medical dominance and inadequate professional leadership which conspire to keep us in the place where others would have us (Bishop 2002) To strengthen leadership within nursing and AHPs it is necessary to understand policy and professional contexts, and to review activities across Europe – now a growing entity – and the Atlantic All health care professions ought to be playing a central... their health care system Berwick (1994) considered that most proposed health reforms’ made in Western society today were actually changes in the surroundings of care rather than changes in care itself More recently Berwick (2003) suggests that for health professions to truly become involved requires a workforce capable of setting bold aims, measuring progress and finding alternative designs for the... and a Faculty for Innovation and Improvement (under the auspices of the NHS Institute for Innovation and Improvement) will soon emerge The Institute for Health Improvement in the USA has also played a continuous role in leadership development across the world There are, of course, strong impressive leaders already drawn from nursing and health professions but they are in short supply and the next generation . Stanley
3 Leadership challenges: professional power and
dominance in health care 52
Mike Saks
4 Leadership for the allied health professions 75
Mary Lovegrove and. central and critical role
for leaders drawn from the nursing and allied health professions.
There have been recent suggestions that some of the health care
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