Luận văn thạc sĩ VNU ULIS designing an ESP speaking syllabus for administrative police students at intermediate level at people’s police college i

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES - - NGUYỄN HOA HỒNG DESIGNING AN ESP SPEAKING SYLLABUS FOR ADMINISTRATIVE POLICE STUDENTS AT INTERMEDIATE LEVEL OF PEOPLE’S POLICE COLLEGE I (Thiết kế chương trình nói tiếng Anh chun ngành Cảnh sát Quản lý Hành cho học viên hệ trung cấp trường Cao đẳng Cảnh sát nhân dân I) M.A MINOR PROGRAMME THESIS Field: English Teaching Methodology Code: 60140111 HANOI - 2016 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES - - NGUYỄN HOA HỒNG DESIGNING AN ESP SPEAKING SYLLABUS FOR ADMINISTRATIVE POLICE STUDENTS AT INTERMEDIATE LEVEL OF PEOPLE’S POLICE COLLEGE I (Thiết kế chương trình nói tiếng Anh chun ngành Cảnh sát Quản lý Hành cho học viên hệ trung cấp trường Cao đẳng Cảnh sát nhân dân I) M.A MINOR PROGRAMME THESIS Field: English Teaching Methodology Code: 60140111 Supervisor: Assoc Prof Dr Lâm Quang Đông HANOI - 2016 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com DECLARATION I hereby certify that the M.A thesis entitled “Designing an ESP speaking syllabus for administrative police students at Intermediate level of People’s Police College I” is the result of my own research for the Degree of Master of Arts at the University of Languages and International Studies, Vietnam National University, and that this thesis has not been published or submitted for any degree at any other universities or tertiary institutions Hanoi, 2016 Nguyễn Hoa Hồng i LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS During the process of doing the research, I have received supports and assistance from a variety of people First and foremost, I would like to express my profound gratitude to my supervisor, Assoc Prof Dr Lâm Quang Đông, for his insightful guidance, constructive criticism and his whole-hearted encouragement without which the thesis would not have been fulfilled I wish to express my special thanks to all my lecturers for their interesting lectures, valuable comments and helpful suggestions I am also grateful to all the staff members of the Faculty of Post-Graduate Studies who gave me valuable and essential instructions to fulfill my thesis I would like to convey my great thanks to my colleagues and administrative police students at People‟s Police College I for their invaluable feedback, useful support and enthusiastic participation in this research Last but not least, I owe the completion of this study to my beloved family who have given me their endless inspiration, support as well as sympathy throughout my graduate program ii LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ABSTRACT This minor thesis was conducted with an attempt to design a suitable supplementary material to teach ESP speaking skill for administrative police students at Intermediate level of People‟s Police College I (PPC I) The thesis is organized in three main parts: Introduction, Development and Conclusion In the second part - the most predominant one of the study, two research instruments, including semi-structured interviews and survey questionnaires were presented in detail Firstly, the subjects involved in the study were 10 subject teachers and 10 administrative police officers They were invited to participate in the interviews conducted by the researcher The second participants of the study included 148 target students in three classes and all 16 teachers of English at our college Thanks to that, all of the participants contributed valuable data to the author‟s research about the target needs and learning needs of the students in order to propose an appropriate syllabus for the students It can be concluded that most of the administrative police students at PPC I really desire to be taught a speaking course for their major Thus, it is crucial to design an ESP syllabus which can satisfy with the students‟ needs as well as their job requirements after graduation Additionally, the majority of the students encounter certain difficulties in learning English speaking skill Actually, they lack background knowledge of vocabulary and pronunciation Therefore, it is imperative to have a supplementary speaking material with the aim to make up for what they are now lacking Besides, the target learners also express their expectation in terms of the teaching and learning methods, speaking activities or the time allocation of the ESP course It is the useful data for the researcher to demand all types of needs of the learners, which helps enhance the learners‟ inspiration in English lessons iii LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com Based on the findings, a proposed ESP speaking syllabus for administrative police students is designed with the hope that it can bring many benefits for the students as well as the teachers in the process of teaching and learning ESP speaking at PPC I iv LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com CONTENTS DECLARATION i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ii ABSTRACT iii CONTENTS v LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS viii LIST OF CHARTS AND TABLES ix PART A: INTRODUCTION .1 Rationale for the study Aims and objectives of the study Research questions .2 Scope of study Methods of the study Significance of the study Structure of the thesis PART B: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW .5 1.1 An overview of ESP 1.1.1 Definition of ESP .5 1.1.2 Types of ESP 1.2 Overview of syllabus design .7 1.2.1 Definition of syllabus and syllabus design 1.2.2 Approaches to ESP syllabus design 1.2.3 Types of syllabus 10 1.3 Needs analysis 13 1.3.1 Definition of needs and needs analysis 13 1.3.2 Types of needs 14 1.3.3 The role of needs analysis in syllabus design 15 1.4 An overview of speaking 15 v LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com 1.4.1 Definition of speaking 15 1.4.2 Some common activities to promote speaking skill 15 1.5 Previous studies .17 1.6 Chapter summary 19 CHAPTER 2: METHODOLOGY .21 2.1 Settings of the study 21 2.1.1 The context of teaching and learning English at PPC I 21 2.1.2 The teachers of English at PPC I 22 2.1.3 The target learners 22 2.2 Methodology 23 2.2.1 Research questions revisited 23 2.2.2 The participants 23 2.2.3 Data collection instruments 24 2.2.4 Data collection procedures .26 2.3 Chapter summary 27 CHAPTER 3: DATA ANALYSIS, RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION 29 3.1 Data analysis 29 3.1.1 Data analysis procedures 29 3.1.2 Data analysis from the interviews with the subject teachers 29 3.1.3 Data analysis from the interviews with the working administrative police officers .31 3.1.4 Data analysis from the questionnaires for the teachers of English 32 3.1.5 Data analysis from the questionnaires for the administrative police students 41 3.2 Research findings and discussion 50 3.2.1 Target needs .50 3.2.2 Learning needs 52 3.3 Chapter summary 52 vi LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com CHAPTER 4: THE ESP SPEAKING SYLLABUS FOR ADMINISTRATIVE POLICE STUDENTS AT INTERMEDIATE LEVEL OF PPC I 53 4.1 Objectives of the course 53 4.2 Structure of the syllabus 53 4.3 Teaching and learning methods of the course 53 4.4 Time allocation of the course 53 4.5 The proposed speaking syllabus for administrative police students at Intermediate level of PPC I 54 4.6 Test for student progress/syllabus effectiveness .59 4.6.1 Testing procedure .59 4.6.2 Form of testing 59 4.6.3 Sample of a speaking test 59 4.7 Chapter summary 60 PART C: CONCLUSION 61 Recapitulation 61 Limitations and suggestions for further study 61 REFERENCES 63 APPENDIX I APPENDIX I APPENDIX II APPENDIX VI APPENDIX 5…………………………………………………………………………………………… X APPENDIX 6………………………………………………………………………………………… XIX vii LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS PPC I : People‟s Police College I GE General English : ESP : English for Specific Purposes ELT : English Language Teaching EST : English for Science and Technology EBE : English for Business and Economics ESS English for Social Sciences : EAP : English for Academic Purposes EOP : English for Occupational Purposes MC I : Maritime College I viii LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com T4: I think both the administrative police subject and the ESP syllabus are very important They help the learners be able to fulfill their upcoming job T5: The subject I am teaching is really necessary If there is not the subject, our learners cannot get the basic knowledge and skills to their upcoming job As for the ESP syllabus you intend to design, it is very significant since it is like a supplementary material, which helps our learners perfect their knowledge and skills in the cases they work with foreigners T6: Both of them are very useful because they help the learners be able to their job after graduation T7: The subject I am teaching is extremely important since if there is not the subject, the students cannot their job The ESP syllabus you intend to design is also very necessary because the majority of administrative policemen cannot speak English, which is a big obstacle for the policemen during their working process T8: Both of them are really useful for the students‟ future job T9: I think both of them are the basic instructions for our learners to be ready for their future job T10: In my opinion, the subject I teach is really necessary It provides our learners with the fundamental knowledge and skills to their forthcoming job For the ESP syllabus you intend to design, it is very helpful Generally, our learners‟ English level is rather low; it leads to the fact that the future administrative police officers cannot speak English when working with foreigners The policemen always have to ask XI LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com others interpret foreigners‟ utterances, which may lead to misunderstanding the content of the conversations Q2: What are T1: The tasks which must be fulfilled by administrative the common policemen including managing residence, dealing with cases of tasks of security, business or fire fighting, etc in the residential area administrative they are assigned Among the tasks, there are some requiring policemen and an administrative policeman to communicate in English with what tasks foreigners including declaring and checking foreigners‟ require temporary residence, dealing with traffic incidents involving administrative foreigners, dealing with cases of security and public order policemen to involving foreigners speak English T2: In fact, the concept of administrative policemen includes with foreigners the administrative policemen at wards and the ones at during their communes The tasks done by the police officers at wards, in working fact, are totally similar to the ones done by the police officers process? at communes The only difference between them is that administrative policemen at wards have more opportunities to work with foreigners than ones at communes The tasks of an administrative police officer consist of managing residence (temporary residence, temporary absence, etc.), managing business, dealing with cases of security or traffic There are a lot of tasks that require them to speak English including dealing with the cases of foreigners declaring their temporary residence, checking foreigners‟ temporary residence, coping with the cases of security, public order involving foreigners (for example: foreigners’ properties are stolen or foreigners make noise after 10 p.m., etc.), dealing with traffic cases XII LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com involving foreigners (for example: foreigners ask for direction, travel in restricted roads or have accidents, etc.) T3: The tasks of an administrative policeman include managing residence, managing business, fire-fighting, dealing with cases of security or traffic, among which, the tasks that usually require the administrative policeman to speak English are managing foreigners‟ temporary residence, coping with traffic violations involving foreigners, giving directions for foreigners, dealing with cases of security involving foreigners T4: An administrative policeman usually manages residence, security and public order in the residential area he is assigned The tasks an administrative policeman communicates with foreigners are dealing with the cases foreigners declare temporary residence, checking foreigners‟ temporary residence, giving directions for foreigners and coping with the security cases involving foreigners T5: The common tasks of an administrative policeman include managing business, managing residence, dealing with cases of security and public order, propagandizing Vietnam regulations and law, fire-fighting, etc The tasks requiring an administrative policeman to speak English are managing residence (mainly, temporary residence), giving directions for foreigners, dealing with traffic violations involving foreigners T6: The tasks of administrative police officers are managing residence, coping with cases of public order and security, firefighting There are some tasks that an administrative policeman XIII LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com usually speaks English during his working process including instructing foreigners to declare their temporary residence, checking their temporary residence, dealing with security and traffic cases, propagandizing Vietnam law T7: An administrative policeman usually manages his residents in terms of their residence and security, deals with traffic situations The tasks that administrative policemen usually need to speak English are instructing foreigners to declare their temporary residence, checking their temporary residence, solving the security, public order or traffic problems involving foreigners T8: The main tasks of an administrative policeman are managing residence, security in his residential area he is assigned Some tasks requiring him to speak English including managing foreigners‟ temporary residence, coping with security and public order cases involving foreigners T9: Administrative police officers often deal with public order and security cases, manage residence, cooperate with traffic policemen to assure traffic order in festivals, holidays, etc The main tasks that an administrative policeman usually needs to speak English are managing foreigners‟ temporary residence, coping with security cases related to foreigners, dealing with traffic cases T10: An administrative policeman usually manages residence, temporary residence, temporary absence, copes with security situations, deals with traffic situations in his residential managing area The tasks that require an administrative police XIV LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com officer to speak English a lot during his working process including managing foreigners‟ temporary residence, coping with security involving foreigners, dealing with traffic situations related to foreigners Q3: What T1: I think it is using visual aids (for example: the teacher lets you think are the students watch a film, a video or come to a real context the most related to their future working situations), so the students will effective feel very excited in the lessons For that reason, I advise that teaching you should also use visual aids for the ESP course of this methods for major the learners? T2: In my opinion, it is asking the students to find out solutions Can you for a situation raised by the teacher I think you should also suggest the apply this method to the ESP course effective T3: To my mind, the most effective method is asking the methods for students to simulate the real working situations of an the ESP administrative police officer You would rather use this method course? for the ESP course T4: I myself think that the most effective method is that the students work in pairs or groups to simulate the working situations of an administrative policeman The subject I am teaching is similar to the ESP subject, so, in my opinion, you should also use pair work or group work for the upcoming ESP course T5: Through the several-year experience of teaching this subject, I see that the students have always been inspired by the methods using visual aids Therefore, I think that the method of using visual aids is the most effective for the ESP course XV LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com T6: I often use visual aids during my teaching process because I always perceive my students‟ inspiration in the lessons, so I advise that you should give this method to your ESP syllabus T7: In my opinion, asking the students to simulate the real working situations of an administrative policeman is the most effective since it helps the students get used to their future job Therefore, I think it is also a very useful method for the ESP course of this major T8: Frankly, the teaching method that I find the most effective is to give the students the real working situations and ask them to find out the solutions for the situations I think you should also raise a real working situation of the students‟ future job for them to find out the solutions themselves T9: I find that using visual aids like letting the students watch a film, video the most effective Using visual aids should also be the method you apply to the ESP course T10: Through the teaching experience of this major at PPC I, I see that the method of using visual aids like a film, video, real object directly related to the working situations of an administrative policemen and then, ask the students to find out the solutions for the situations is the most effective Therefore, I think that this method is also very effective for the ESP course Q4: What T1: I always hope that the students can handle the working you think is the situations with foreigners speaking English objective of the T2: The expectation of the teachers like us is always helping ESP course? our students speak English to deal with their future working XVI LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com situations with foreigners T3: We always hope that our students can speak English themselves to foreigners to cope with working situations involving foreigners, which develops their working effects T4: I expect that the future administrative policemen will not have to ask the interpreters in working situations with foreigners so as to avoid the misunderstanding about the data in the conversations between the administrative policemen and the foreigners T5: The ultimate expectation of the teachers is always that the students are able to speak English to foreigners to deal with their working cases with foreigners T6: In my opinion, the objective of the ESP course is that the students can handle the common working situations with foreigners speaking English T7: I hope that our learners can communicate in English in their future working cases with foreigners, which makes them fulfill their tasks better T8: My desire is always that the students will not have to ask the interpreters when working with foreigners The future administrative policemen are going to be like their colleagues in some South East Asia countries, which means they can directly handle the working situations with foreigners in English T9: In my opinion, at the end of the course, the students are expected to be able to directly speak English to foreigners XVII LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com when working with those foreigners T10: The ultimate expectation of the subject teachers like use is always that our learners are able to deal with the situations they work with foreigners speaking English, but not have to ask anyone to interpret for them, which assure the working effect and success XVIII LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com Appendix SCRIPTS OF THE INTERVIEWS WITH WORKING ADMINISTRATIVE POLICEMEN IN ENGLISH (SUMMARY) Q: Question P: Policeman P1 – P5: Policemen at wards P6 – P10: Policemen at communes Q1: What are P1: The common tasks of an administrative policemen the common including attaining personal information of the people, tasks of an monitoring their residence, coping with wrongful acts or law administrative violation, etc in the residential area they are assigned policeman? P2: The tasks of an administrative police officer consist of managing residence, temporary residence, temporary absence, etc., dealing with cases of security or traffic, propagandize Vietnam law P3: The tasks of an administrative policeman include managing residence, fire-fighting, coping with cases of security, traffic P4: An administrative policeman usually comes to his residential area to get the information of the people here, remind them to protect themselves from security risks, manages their residence P5: The common tasks of an administrative policeman include managing residence, dealing with cases of security and public order, traffic, propagandizing Vietnam regulations and law, etc P6: An administrative policeman usually manages residence, temporary residence, temporary absence, copes with security situations, fire-fighting in his residential managing area XIX LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com P7: The common tasks of an administrative policeman are managing residence, security in his residential area he is assigned P8: An administrative policeman usually manages the people in an area in terms of their residence, security or fire-fighting P9: Administrative police officers often deal with public order and security cases, manage residence, cooperate with traffic policemen to assure traffic order in festivals, holidays, etc P10: The tasks of administrative police officers are managing residence, business, coping with cases of public order and security Which P1: There are some tasks requiring an administrative tasks require an policeman to communicate in English including managing administrative personal information of foreigners, instructing foreigners to policeman to declare their temporary residence, checking their temporary speak English residence If a foreigner does not declare his temporary during his/her residence for over 15 days, he will be fined from 500,000 Q2: working VND Besides, an administrative policeman process? propagandizes foreigners Vietnam regulations and law also P2: There are a number of tasks that require administrative policemen to speak English during their working process including dealing with the cases of foreigners declaring their temporary residence, checking foreigners‟ temporary residence An administrative policeman needs to ask for the foreigners‟ name, age, job, family, nationality, reason for coming to Vietnam, etc He also has to check the foreigners‟ passport and immigration paper Besides, administrative XX LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com policemen usually cope with the cases of security, public order involving foreigners (for example: The cases I coped with: there was a Chinese standing in front of Chinese embassy to make noise and threaten to kill herself, or a foreigner’ camera was stolen, etc.) In those cases, an administrative policeman asks foreigners for personal information, context of these cases, then finds out the solutions appropriate for each case Finally, an administrative policeman also often deals with traffic cases involving foreigners (for example: foreigners ask for direction, travel in restricted roads or have accidents, etc.) P3: Firstly, an administrative policeman usually manages personal information of foreigners including their name, age, job, marital status, nationality, reason for living in Vietnam, etc He also often monitors their temporary residence He instructs foreigners to declare their temporary residence with their personal information An administrative policeman may come into a foreigner‟ apartment and check his temporary residence If the foreigner does not declare his temporary residence, the administrative policeman can financially fine him Secondly, an administrative policeman usually copes with security cases involving foreigners For example: if a foreigner is stolen, the administrative policeman will ask for the foreigner‟s personal information, the place, time, value of the stolen property and promise the foreigner to soon find out the perpetrator Lastly, an administrative policeman may deal with traffic situations involving foreigners (for example: giving foreigners the direction) XXI LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com P4: The most common tasks of administrative policeman is dealing with the cases that foreigners declare temporary residence and checking foreigners‟ temporary residence Besides, an administrative policeman often copes with the public order cases (for example: foreigners make noise after 10 p.m., so the administrative policeman will financially fine the foreigners) or security cases (for example: foreigners are stolen, so the administrative policemen will ask for the foreigners‟ information and the type, place, time, value of the stolen property) You need to know that if a foreigner is killed, we only protect the scene and call the city police station but that case is not our authority P5: The tasks requiring an administrative policeman to speak English to handle his working situations are managing residence (mainly, temporary residence), security cases involving foreigners Besides, we also give foreigners the directions We may deal with traffic violations involving foreigners For example: foreigners walk into restricted area, so we will inform them that they violated Vietnam traffic regulations and tell what area they are allowed and not allowed to get into P6: We are administrative policemen at a commune, so there are fewer opportunities to work with foreigners than at a ward However, at Yen Trung commune, there is Samsung industrial zone - a very big industrial zone where there are a lot of foreigners living and working here Our most common tasks are instructing them to declare temporary residence, checking XXII LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com their temporary residence and fining from 500,000 VND if they does not declare their temporary residence Besides, we often cope with security cases involving the foreigners They usually inform the administrative policemen about stealing cases At that time, I will ask for the value of the property, the person the foreigner think is the possible perpetrator, etc P7: The tasks that administrative policemen usually need to speak English are instructing foreigners to declare their temporary residence, checking their temporary residence, solving the security, public order P8: In fact, at a commune, there are fewer chances for an administrative policeman to work with foreigners than at a ward However, at Yen Trung commune, we luckily have more opportunities to work with foreigners than many other communes because there are a lot of foreign workers of Samsung industrial zone Firstly, we usually come to the foreigners‟ hired house and get their personal information, check their temporary residence and instruct them to declare their temporary residence If they live in Vietnam for over 15 days but did not declare their temporary residence, they will be fined 500,000 VND In addition, we also cope with other cases involving foreigners (for example: foreigners‟ personal papers are lost or foreigners‟ property is stolen.) P9: The main tasks that an administrative policeman usually needs to speak English are managing foreigners‟ temporary residence, coping with security cases related to foreigners P10: The tasks that require an administrative police officer to XXIII LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com speak English during his working process including managing foreigners‟ temporary residence, coping with security involving foreigners Sometimes, an administrative policeman at wards like us deal with traffic situations related to foreigners For example: foreigners have accidents, so we will ask them for personal information, the reason for the accidents and find out the solutions depending on each case Q3: As an P1: In my opinion, we are always not good at English experienced pronunciation I think you should focus on this aspect when administrative designing the syllabus policeman and P2: I usually not have enough ESP terms to say, so I cannot a former speak to foreigners in my working situations with them administrative Hopefully, the syllabus designer pay more attention to teaching police student ESP terms in order to help the future administrative policemen of PPC I, can their job better you suggest P3: I think that the ESP teachers should let their students effective simulate the real working situations of an administrative police teaching officer with foreigners methods or P4: To my mind, the syllabus should give much more emphasis contents for the on teaching the ESP terms and the ways to pronounce these ESP course? words rather than teaching grammar I myself see that my vocabulary and pronunciation knowledge is not very good P5: I think in the ESP course, the learners should be raised a problem related to the working situations with foreigners and asked to find out the solutions for the situations P6: The administrative police officers usually meet difficulties in lacking vocabulary to say and unable to pronounce words XXIV LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com correctly Therefore, I hope the course can help the learners improve their vocabulary and develop their pronunciation ability, which helps them be able to speak English working with foreigners P7: I perceive that I am the worst at English pronunciation, so, I think that the course should teach the learners the pronunciation rules and provide them the opportunities to practice pronunciation as much as possible P8: As a working administrative policeman, I think that the ESP course should raise a problem involving the working cases of an administrative policeman with foreigners and ask the learners to find out the solution P9: To my mind, the ESP syllabus design should give much emphasis on pronunciation teaching because the majority of the administrative policemen cannot pronounce words correctly, so they usually have to ask interpreters to help them communicate with foreigners P10: From my viewpoint, the course should focus on teaching ESP terms, how to pronounce these words After that, the ESP teachers also need to provide the learners with the pronunciation rules for them to be able to pronounce many other words XXV LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ... entitled ? ?Designing an ESP speaking syllabus for administrative police students at Intermediate level at People’s Police College I. ” Aims and objectives of the study The ultimate aim of this... luanvanchat@agmail.com DECLARATION I hereby certify that the M.A thesis entitled ? ?Designing an ESP speaking syllabus for administrative police students at Intermediate level of People’s Police College I? ?? is the result... be designed to cover the types of needs identified? 2.2.2 The participants This study is aimed at designing an ESP speaking syllabus for administrative police students at Intermediate level of