THÔNG TIN TÀI LIỆU
Assignment Summative Assessment (Individual) Subject code BUSM3310 Subject name Human Resource Management Student name & ID Lecturer Dr Alex Arokiasamy Words count We declare that in submitting all work for this assessment we have read, understood and agreed to the content and expectations of the Assessment declaration TABLEOFCONTENTS PARTA I nt roduct i on Ques t i on1 Ques t i on2: PARTB Art i cl eNumber4 Art i cl eNumber15: REFERENCES: APPENDI X: 11 PARTA I NTRODUCTI ON Human r es our c emanagements t r at egi esi nc r eas er es i l i enc e,e vol vi ngt hr ough t he or gani z at i on' sabi l i t yt o managehuman r e s our c est o es t abl i s hs t r at e gi est or es po nd t o pos s i bl ebadpr obl ems( Le ngni c kHal le tal 2011) I nt hemi ds tofac ompe t i t i vemar ke ti n moder nt i mes ,an or gani z at i on' si nt er nalc apabi l i t i es ,es pec i al l yi t sabi l i t yt obefle xi bl e, i nno vat i veandc r eat i vear et hef ac t or st hatmakei ts uc c es s f ul( Chenetal 2015) Mor eo ver , managi ngempl o yeepe r f or manc ei sac hal l engebec aus eempl o yee sar eoneoft hef ac t or s t hathaveas t r ongi mpac tonc ompanypr oduc t i vi t y Thepur pos eoft hi spaperi st ode bat e t her e l at i ons hi pbet wee nempl o yeeper f or manc eandhumanr es our c epr ac t i c esi nt er msof gr oupwor kandet hi c almanage mento ft heo r gani z at i on QUESTI ON Thedefini t i onpr o vi de dbyApr oo va( 2019) ,t e amwo r ki st hec ooper at i onwi t ho t he rmember s t oac hi e vet hego al ss e tbyt heor gani z at i on.Somer es ear c her sbe l i ev et hatTeamwor kai ms t oi nc r eas et henumbero fi de ast oc ompl e t et heas s i gnedt as k,i nc r eas et heabi l i t yt of oc us on c ompl e t i ngt hewor k and r educ et her i s k oft het as k( Khan & Mas hi khi2017) The i mpo r t anc e ofTeamwo r k has bee nf ound t o have a pos i t i ve i mpac ton or gani z at i onal pr oduc t i vi t y ,wi t hhi ghexpec t at i onsf ort hedeve l opmentofempl o ye ec ompanyr e l at i ons hi ps ( Hanays ha2016) Cur r e nt l y ,duet ot hede ve l opmentoft ec hnol ogyandt heout br eakoft he Co vi d19 pandemi cc r e at esdi ffic ul t i esf orc ommuni c at i on;ho wev er ,De l oi t t e enc our age s t r yi ngt of or m at eam,appl yi ngc r os s f unc t i onalt oes t abl i s ht heabi l i t yt or eac teffec t i ve l y l ongt er m bus i nes sr es pons e( De l oi t t en d) I tc an bes een t hatTeamwor k br i ngsmany val ues ,per f or manc eandbenefit st ot heac t i vi t i eso ft heo r gani z at i on Ac c or di ngt ot heanal ys i s ,t eamwor kal l o wsi nc r eas i ngt heenhanc emento ft hegr oupand Eac h me mberf r om s pe ed,qual i t y ,c r e at i vi t y ,empl o yees at i s f ac t i on& pr oduc t i vi t y( Fi gur e 1) Thes eval uesar edemons t r at edbyFor d Mo t orCo ,whi c ht hec ompanys t at ed t hati t we l c omesal lc ont r i but i ons ,c andi df ee dbac kandwo r kst oge t herasat e am,asaf ami l y( For d n d) I n2015,aFor dc arpr oduc tc al l edF150hadanupgr adef r om s t ee lt oal umi num ( Mat t Fo r d2014) ,s ot hemode lat t r ac t edpe opl eandc ons umer svo t edbyt hec ont e s t' Be s tove r Tr uc kBr andf or2015'( DeRango2016) Toi mpl ementt heF150pl an,t het eamsmus twor k par al l e londi ffer entas pec t soft heve hi c l eandhaveamee t i nge ver ymont hi n18mo nt hst o c ont r olandens ur et hewo r kpr ogr es s( Che ggn d) Fur t he r mor e,Jul i eLodgeJar r e t t-Chi ef Tal entOffic erofFo r dMot orCo ,s t at edt hatt al ent edi ndi vi dual s& di ve r s et eamswoul d gener at emor ei de asf ort hec ompanyandc l i ent s ,whi c hwi l lhe l pt he m getmo r eoppor t uni t y t oc r e at emor edi v er s i t y I nde ed,c r eat i vi t y& i nno vat i onhasbec omeac o mpe t i t i vef ac t ori n 21s t c ent ur ybus i nes s es( Ge hani2011) ;s oi ndi vi dualc r e at i vi t yt ope r c ei v et hede ve l opment ofne w pr oduc t s and pr oc es s es Ther e f or e,at pr es ent ,ne w r es e ar c hes and advanc ed t ec hno l o gi eshavebee nwi de l ydi s s emi nat edt os er veands uppo r tt heabi l i t yt of or m gr oups; i tc anbes eent hatmanybus i ne s s eshaveopt i mi z edt he i rabi l i t yt owor ki ngr oups Figure 1: Team contributions (Nankeris, Baird & Coffey 2019) Dur i ngc o vi d19,manybus i ne s s esc oul dno tas s embl eaf ac et of ac emee t i ngt eam,andt he y appl i edt ec hnol ogyappl i c at i onst omee tf ac et of ac et oas s embl et het e am.Ho we ver ,s ome c omment s de mons t r at e c ont r as t i ng c ons equenc es of gr oup c ont r i but i ons t o t abl et per f or manc e.Or gani z at i onshavehi ghe xpec t at i onsf ort as kst obeper f or medeffec t i ve l ybya t eam o fpe r f or me r sr at he rt hani ndi vi dual ’ sper f or manc e( Tr i pat hy2018) Ho wev er ,i ft her e i snohar mony ofvi ewsamongmembe r sordi s agr ee mentwi t ht heor gani z at i on br i ngs negat i vef ac t or st ot heor gani z at i on( Kni ght s& Mc Cabe2000) Manyempl o yee sr ef us et o wor ki ngr oupsbec aus et he ybe l i e vet he yar ebe t t erabl et oi tc anl e adt opo orpe r f or manc e oft heas s i gnedt as ksandhar as st her e l at i ons hi pbet wee nme mber ,andbui l di ngt r us ti snot eno ught oc onvi nc eempl o yee st owo r keffec t i ve l yi ngr oups( Nanke r i s ,Bai r d& Coffe y2019; Ki ffinPe t er s en& Co r der y2010) I nmor ede t l ,whe nani ndi vi dualwant st oc hanget he gr oup' swor ks t andar dt ohi ss t andar d,pr oduc t i vi t ywi l lbeaffec t edbec aus eo t he rmember s wi l lbeanno yedbyt he i rs t andar ds ,andt heabi l i t yt oe xc hangei nf or mat i on wi l lal s obe affe c t edwi l lbel i mi t ed.Thegr oupt hatIwanti st hate ver yo nehasas ens eofs e l f di s c i pl i ne andwant sal lmembe r st oc ont r i but ei de ast oc r eat eauni f o r m dec i s i on,buti nr e al i t y ,mos t member swanto t he rmembe r st of o l l o wt hei ro wn pe r s onalopi ni on s ot hati twi l ladd pr es s ur eandc haost ot hegr oup In conclusion, it can be seen that the group's ability to operate has a substantial impact on task and business results To ensure operational performance, organizations need to have a team performance management strategy, set goals, and support group work knowledge education QUESTI ON 2: Cus t omer sof t enkno wsast hee l eme ntt hatc ons i de ras' e ver yt hi ng't ot hebus i nes s Even s o,t her ewasapubl i cc as er e l eas eaboutUni t edAi r l i nesdr aggi ngoffal at efli ghtc us t omer i n2017;Thei nc i denthada4% de c r eas ei nt hebr and' smar ke tval ue( Kot as ova2017) I t wasr epor t ed t hatt heman r e f us ed t o' gi veup hi ss eat 'dur i ngan ove r booked fli ght ,a s i t uat i ont hats houl dhavebee nr es ol ve dt hr ough ver balc ommuni c at i onr at hert han nonver balc ommuni c at i on asc oe r c i veac t i on.Evi denc ewaspos t edbyvi deof oo t aget ake n by pas s enger sont hefli ght I nde ed,Ghani( 2020)hase vi de nc edt hatf as tf as hi onbr andss uc h asZar a,H&M andFor e ver21manuf ac t ur esi nc ount r i est hatus ec hi l dandf emal el abor , s uc h as I ndi a,Paki s t an,and Bangl ade s h.Ac c or di ng t o UNI CEF ( 2020) ,t he pr obl ems bec omee xi gentc as et hatmi l l i onsofc hi l dr enandwome n ar eatr i s kofbe i ngf or c edi nt o i l l e gall aborduet ot heCOVI D19c r i s i s Ther ef or e,t hegov er nme ntofc ount r i eswi t hhi gh l aborr es our c esne edt ot akeac t i ont opr e venti t Ac c or di ngt ot hede fini t i onofMar kham ( 2007) ,‘ e t hi c s ’i st hec odeo fc onduc t ,at t i t udeandbehavi or st hatani ndi vi dualawar eoft he di ffer enc ebet wee nr i ghtandwr ongorgoo dandbad Atpr es ent ,bus i ne s s es have bee n appl yi ng wr i t t en e t hi c s pol i c i es ,oper at i ng wi t ht he pur po s eofde mons t r at i ngt hee t hi c albe havi orofbus i nes s est omee tt hes t andar dnee dsof c or po r at es oc i alr es pons i bi l i t i es( CSR)( Shi n2014) I naddi t i on,s uppor t i ngandr e war di ng member swi t he t hi c albe havi oraswe l lasbei ng i n an e t hi c alenvi r onmentwi t hi nt he or gani z at i onhasapo s i t i vei mpac tonj obs at i s f ac t i onandc ommi t ment( Koh& Boo2001) Ho we ver ,t he r ei sno w muc hwr ongdo i nghappeni ngi nt hewor l di ngener alandbus i nes s es i n par t i c ul ar ,s oi t has affec t ed t he way t he or gani z at i on o pe r at es , whi c hi nt ur n under s c or est heneedf oraneffec t i vet oo lf ormanagi nge t hi c ali s s ue si nbus i nes s( Sne l l Man 2015) I tc an bes dt hator gani z at i onalc ul t ur ei nc l udi ngbe l i e f s ,goal s ,and pr ac t i c epl aysan i mpo r t antr ol ei n bui l di nge t hi c albe havi o rofempl o yee sandi the l psempl o yee sper f or m opt i mal l y( Par bo t ee ahe tal 2014) Ther e f or e,HRmanager smus tber es po ns i bl ef orc r eat i ng and oper at i ngan e t hi c ale nvi r onme ntt hatpr omo t est hede ve l opmentofi nt er nale t hi c s ; Se ver als t udi es have de mons t r at ed t hatal t hough eac hi ndi vi dualhas uni que e t hi c al be havi or s ,i n bus i ne s s r e l at i ons hi pc ont ext ,empl o yee sf r equent l y bas et he ms e l ves on s uppo r tand di r ec t i on f r om manager st oi ns t i t ut e ac c ount abi l i t y and e t hi c albe havi or s ( Ghos h2008) Forabe t t erunde r s t andi ng,Wes f ar mer s ' sc odeofc onduc thasout l i ne dt hei r e t hi c alpr ac t i c esf orempl o yee s( Appendi x1)andWes f ar mer sexpe c tr eader st obeabl et o i mpr o vet hr ough t her eadi ng.I n addi t i on,whenac ompanys t r i ve st oac hi e vet hehi ghe s t e t hi c alandbehavi or als t andar dsi nt hes uppl yc hai n,t r ni ngsofe t hi c als our c es& moder n s l ave r y ar e pr o vi de dt ot he manager t oc er t nt he i rc apabi l i t yt oj udge une t hi c al ( Wes f ar mer sn d) I nc ont r as t ,t her ear ebus i nes s est hatabus ec hi l dl aborandvul ne r abl e women t hatar epr omot i ng s hor t t er m bus i nes sac t i vi t i es ,t he r ei sa hi gh pr obabi l i t yof maki ngune t hi c alde c i s i onsi nt heor gani z at i on.t hei rpo s i t i on.Wi t h Wes f ar mer s 'r evi ews f r om empl o ye es ,t he yr ec ei vepo s i t i vef eedbac k aboutt hec ompany' sc ul t ur eand wor ki ng envi r onment Theabov es hr edsofe vi de nc ehavedemons t r at edt hes uc c es sofWes f ar mer si n es t abl i s hi ng and i mpl e ment i ng et hi c al envi r onment al or gani z at i on r ul es ,t he y have ac hi eve dt he i rs t at edgoal s Thes c andal sofUni t edAi r l i nesment i onedabov ede mons t r at et hate t hi c albe havi ouri ss t i l l pos s i bl ede s pi t et hes t andar dss e tandt heor gani z at i on' ss uppo r toft hee t hi c alj udge ment Fai r i esappr oac ht he i rc us t omer si navi ol entmanner ,whi c hgo esagai ns tt heor gani z at i on c ode o fc onduc t Fur t her mor e, Uni t ed Ai r l i nes c l ear l ys t at es eve r y pe r s on i n t he or gani z at i on c ommi t ment deal hone s t l y, e t hi c al y and be have f r l y wi t hc us t omer s , c ompe t i t or s ,and e ver yonewhoi nt er ac t swi t ht heor gani z at i on ( Uni t edAi r l i ne s2017) As pr oo foft heabo ve,Moor ee tal ( 2012)po i ntoutt hati naddi t i ont oet hi c ali s s ue sr s edby t he or gani z at i on,i ndi vi dual s al s oc ont r i but et o une t hi c alc hoi c es t hat make up t he wor kpl ac e The r e f or e,i tc anbes dt hate t hi c sc ome sf r om pe opl ei ns eni orpo s i t i onsand i ndi vi dualwor ki ngi nt heo r gani z at i on I nc onc l us i on,r e f er enc est o' ent hi c als c andal s 'haveemer gedwor l dwi deandt hatpat t er ni s bec omi ngmor ec ompl exduet opr ofitopt i mi z at i onanddi s c r i mi nat or yt ende nc i es I ndee d,i t i sc l eart hatt hehuman r es our c esde par t mentpl aysani mpor t antr ol ei n deve l opi ngand enhanc i nge t hi c alpr ac t i c esf o rbus i nes s esbye s t abl i s hi ngandens ur i ngs us t nabi l i t y The c hal l engei sf orbus i nes s est oe xpos eand e l i mi nat eune t hi c albe havi orand t heac t i ons as s oc i at ed wi t hi t Ther e f or e,t o ens ur e opt i malbus i nes s pe r f or manc e ,HR manage r s r equi r eopt i malobs er vat i on,i nve s t i gat i onofunet hi c albe havi o r PARTB Ar t i c l enumbe r4 ● Ehnert, I, Parsa, S, Roper, I, Wagner, M & Muller-Camen, M 2016, ‘Reporting on sustainability and HRM: A comparative study of sustainability reporting practices by the world's largest companies’, The International Journal of Human Resource Management , vol 27(1), pp 88-108 https://rmitlibraryvn.rmit.edu.vn/discovery/fulldisplay? context=PC&vid=84RVI_INST:84RVI&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&tab=Everything&docid= cdi_gale_businessinsightsgauss_A481235464 Ar t i c l ec r e at edbes i deEhner te tal i de nt i fie d& c ompar edt heas s es s mentofHRM pr ac t i c es and envi r onme nt al per f o r manc et hr ough r epor t s wi t h t he pur pos e of s us t nabl e deve l opment of MNCs ac r os st he gl obe I nt endi ng t o mee t publ i c awar ene s s oft he i mpo r t anc eoft heor gani z at i on' sc ont r i but i ont os us t nabl ede ve l opment ,c or por at i onshave anaddi t i onali nc ent i vet or epor tont hec ompany' ss us t nabi l i t ype r f o r manc e.Theaut ho r hasgat her eds us t nabi l i t yr epor t sgai nf r om 138bi gges tgl obalfir ms,c l as s i fiedt hem as c ompani esi nLMES,c oor di nat edmar ke tec onomi esandl i ber t ymar ke tec onomi eso rCMEs Ehner te tal f ol l o wt hr eec r i t er i aofGRIgui de l i ne st ode ve l opt heabov et hr eet ypesof hypot hes es Fo l l o wi ngt het es t ,t her es ul t ss ho wt hatl abour r e l at ed i ndi c at or shavet he s ameval ueasenvi r onment r e l at ed val ue s ;t her epor ton s us t nabl eHRM i sno tmuc h di ffer entf r om t hei nt er nat i onalone;t hei nt er nalwor kf or c ei sbei ngf oc us edmor et hans t aff i nt hes uppl yc hai n.Thear t i c l ec l ar i fiest hemeani ngandpr o vi s i onofne w pe r s pe c t i veson ' s us t nabl eHRM't hr oughr es e ar c hr epor t s Ho we ver ,wi t hi ndept hanal ys t sont hi si s s ue , f ore xampl e,i ft her ei sa po t ent i aldi ffer enc ebe t ween c ompani e sus i ngt hes ameHRM mode l ,t he po s s i bi l i t i es wi l lbe l i mi t ed due t ot he l ac k ofqual i fie d human r e s our c es Avai l abl eand s ampl es i z es e l ec t ed.I nc onc l us i on,t heaut ho remphas i z est hene ed f or s us t nabl e dev e l opmentand c ons i s t enc y ofbus i ne s s es ,i nc l udi ng HRM pr ac t i c es and s t ake ho l der s Af t err es e ar c hi ngt hi sar t i c l e ,HR manage r ss houl dbr oadent he i rhor i z ons , c ar ef ul l yc ons i der i ngwhe t he rs us t nabi l i t ymanage mentwor ksi nt hei rc ont e xt Ar t i c l enumbe r15: ● Akkermans, J, Tims, M, Beijer, S, & De Cuyper, N 2019, ‘Should employers invest in employability? Examining employability as a mediator in the HRM–commitment relationship’, Frontiers in Psychology, vol 10, pp 717 Thepaperf r om Akker manse tal pr o vi dest her e l at i ons hi pamongwo r kpl ac ee ngageme nt& enhanc edempl o yabi l i t yac r os sHR pr ac t i c es I nt hedi r ec t i onofde mons t r at i ngt hec ent r al r ol eo fr ec r ui t menti n HR pr ac t i c es and engagement s ,t he yc r eat ed a di gi t als ur ve y c onduc t edbyappl yi ngs oc i almedi apl at f or mst ogai ni nf or mat i on & r ec ei vei nf or mat i on Kno wl edge,abi l i t yandc ommi t mentoft hei ndi vi dualhi r i ng Theaut horde ve l opedt hr ee hypot hes esandt es t edt hem f or6mont hst o1year So,t her es ul t sdemons t r at edapo s i t i ve r e l at i ons hi pt hankst ot het hr eef ac t or ss t udi ed:par t i c i pat i on& c ommuni c at i onpr ac t i c es andt hef ac t ors uppo r t i ngt r ni nganddev e l opment ,whi c hHRpr ac t i c esal l o w empl o yee st o havemor eawar enes so ft heor gani z at i on wor ki ngas s oc i at i on;and t heabi l i t yt or ec r ui t i ns i de& out s i det hec ompany Thr ough t hear t i c l ec ont ent ,c ar eerper s pec t i vehadbe enboughti nt ot henot i onofSoc i al Exc hange ,andpe r s pe c t i veofempl o yabi l i t ywasc ont r as t i ngl yar gued,s oi ts ho wst her e ade r t hene w abi l i t i esofHR pr ac t i c es Oneo ft hel i mi t at i onst hatmos tbus i nes s esf ac ei sr e l at ed t o dat a and s ampl e qual i t y ,whi c h hi nde r st heabi l i t yt oe xper i mentwi t h ne wt hi ngs Fur t her mor e,t heaut ho rhasi dent i fiedabi l at er alr e l at i ons hi pasa' wi nwi nr e l at i ons hi p' be t wee nt heabi l i t yt oi nve s ti nr ec r ui t mentunde rHR pr ac t i c esandc ommi t menti nt he wor kpl ac e I n mypo i ntofvi e w,t heaboves t udi eshaves hed s omel i ghton t he' e t hi c al r e l at ed’i mpl ement edi nHR pr ac t i c es ,i naddi t i on,t heaut horhass uc c es s f ul l yemphas i z ed t hebene fit sofmut ual l ybenefic i alr e l at i ons hi pswi t hi nt heor gani z at i on,Att hes amet i me, t heabov er es e ar c hhashe l pe dmegai nmor ekno wl edgeaboute t hi c almanagement REFERENCES: Apo o r va,M 2019,' I mpac to fTe amwor ko nOr gani s at i o nPer f o r manc e ' ,vol 2,pp 24 Che n,Y,Dul t r adeLi ma,R,Cs i l l ag ,J& Oyado mar i ,J2015,‘ Do e st he c o mpe t i t i r i e nt at i o nr e al l yl e adt oemphas i so ndi ffe r enti nt er nal c apabi l i t i es ? ’ I nt e r nat i o nalJo ur nalo fOpe r at i o ns& Pr oduc t i o nManage me nt De o i t t en d,COVI D19:Pr ac t i c alwo r kf or c es t r at e gi e st hatputy ourpe o pl efir s t , t ps : / / www2 de l o i t t e c om/ gl obal / e n/ page s / abo ut De l oi t t e ,vi e we d20May2021, De Rang o ,J2016,‘ TheBe s tF150Mo de l sFr o mt heTwoGr e at e s tGe ne r at i o nsof For dTr uc ks‘ ,Aut o i nflue nc e ,vi e we d20May2021, Fo r dn d,OneFo r d,Fo r d,vi e we d20May2021, Ge hani ,R2011,‘ I ndi vi dualc r e at i vi t yandt hei nflue nc eo fmi ndf ull e ade r son e nt e r pr i s ei nno vat i on’ ,Jo ur nalo ft e c hnol o gymanage me nt& i nno v at i o n,vo l 6( 3) , pp 8292 Hanays ha,J2016,‘ Exami ni ngt heeffe c t sofe mpl o y eee mpo wer me nt ,t e amwor k, andempl o ye et r ni ngo no r gani z at i o nalc ommi t me nt ’ ,Pr oc e di aSo c i aland Be hav i o r alSc i e nc e s ,vo l 229,pp 298306 Khan, S& Mas hi khiL2017,‘ I mpac toft e amwo r ko ne mpl o y e espe r f o r manc e ’ , I nt e r nat i o nalJour nalofEduc at i onandSo c i alSc i e nc e,vo l 4( 11) ,pp.1422 Ki ffinPe t e r s e n,S& Co r de r y ,J2003,‘ Tr us t ,i ndi vi dual i s m andj o b c har ac t e r i s t i c saspr edi c t o r so fe mpl o ye epr e f er e nc ef ort e amwo r k’ ,I nt e r nat i onal Jour nalofHumanRe s our c eManage me nt ,vo l 14( 1) ,pp 93116 Kni ght s ,D & Mc Cabe ,D 2000,‘ Be wi t c he d,bo t he r e d and be wi l de r e d:The me ani ng and e xpe r i enc e of t e amwo r ki ng f or empl o y ee si n an aut o mo bi l e c o mpany’ ,HumanRe l at i ons ,vol 53( 11) ,pp 14811517 Ko h,H & Bo o ,E 2001,‘ The l i nk be t wee no r gani z at i o nal e t hi c s and j o b s at i s f ac t i o n:as t udyo fmanager si nSi ngapo r e ’ ,Jo ur nalo fBus i ne s sEt hi c s ,v ol 29( 4) , pp 309324, vi e wed 20 May 2021, t ps : / / phi l paper s o r g/ ar c hi ve / KOHTLB PDF>
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