Third EdiTion Laboratory experiments are included that also serve to integrate practical circuits with theory Traditional hands-on hardware experiments as well as simulation laboratory exercises using popular software packages are closely tied to the text material to allow students to implement the concepts they are learning All of the K map (Karnaugh map) coverage is presented in one chapter (chapter 3) instead of coverage appearing in two chapters • New Appendix A (Relating the Algebra to the Karnaugh Map) ties together algebra coverage and K map coverage • Additional experiments have been added to Appendix D to allow students the opportunity to perform a variety of experiments • New problems have been added in Appendix E for both combinational and sequential systems, which go from word problem to circuit all in one place MArcoviTz • IntroductIon to Logic dEsign ALAn B MArcoviTz MD DALIM 991805 11/11/08 CYAN MAG YELO BLACK new to the Third Edition: IntroductIon to In the third edition, design is emphasized throughout, and switching algebra is developed as a tool for analyzing and implementing digital systems The design of sequential systems includes the derivation of state tables from word problems, further emphasizing the practical implementation of the material being presented Logic dEsign Introduction to Logic Design, Third Edition by Alan Marcovitz—the student’s companion to logic design! A clear presentation of fundamentals and well-paced writing style make this the ideal companion to any first course in digital logic An extensive set of examples—well integrated into the body of the text and included at the end of each chapter in sections of solved problems—gives students multiple opportunities to understand the topics being presented Third EdiTion mar91647_fm_i_xii.qxd 12/3/08 4:26 PM Page ii mar91647_fm_i_xii.qxd 12/3/08 4:26 PM Page iii Introduction to Logic Design Third Edition Alan B Marcovitz Florida Atlantic University mar91647_fm_i_xii.qxd 12/3/08 4:26 PM Page i Introduction to Logic Design mar91647_fm_i_xii.qxd 12/3/08 4:26 PM Page iv INTRODUCTION TO LOGIC DESIGN, THIRD EDITION Published by McGraw-Hill, a business unit of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1221 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10020 Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc All rights reserved Previous editions © 2005 and 2002 No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written consent of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., including, but not limited to, in any network or other electronic storage or transmission, or broadcast for distance learning Some ancillaries, including electronic and print components, may not be available to customers outside the United States This book is printed on acid-free paper DOC/DOC ISBN 978–0–07–319164–5 MHID 0–07–319164–7 Global Publisher: Raghothaman Srinivasan Director of Development: Kristine Tibbetts Developmental Editor: Darlene M Schueller Senior Marketing Manager: Curt Reynolds Senior Project Manager: Jane Mohr Lead Production Supervisor: Sandy Ludovissy Associate Design Coordinator: Brenda A Rolwes Cover Designer: Studio Montage, St Louis, Missouri Compositor: Lachina Publishing Services Typeface: 10/12 Times Roman Printer: R R Donnelley Crawfordsville, IN Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Marcovitz, Alan B Introduction to logic design / Alan B Marcovitz — 3rd ed p cm Includes index ISBN 978–0–07–319164–5 - ISBN 0–07–319164–7 (hard copy : alk paper) Logic circuits Logic design I Title TK7868.L6M355 2010 621.39'5–dc22 2008036005 www.mhhe.com mar91647_fes.qxd 10/22/08 11:30 AM Page GATES SUMMARY OF PROPERTIES OF SWITCHING ALGEBRA P1a a؉b؍b؉a P1b ab ؍ba Commutative OR P2a a ؉ (b ؉ c) ( ؍a ؉ b) ؉ c P2b a(bc) ( ؍ab)c Associative P3a a؉0؍a P3b a ؒ 1؍a Identity P3aa 0؉a؍a P3bb ؒ a؍a P4a a؉1؍1 P4b a ؒ 0؍0 P4aa 1؉a؍1 P4bb ؒ a؍0 P5a a ؉ a ؍1 P5b a ؒ a ؍0 Null AND Complement NOT P5aa a ؉ a ؍1 P5bb a ؒ a ؍0 P6a a؉a؍a P6b a ؒ a؍a P7 (a) ؍a Involution P8a a(b ؉ c) ؍ab ؉ ac P8b a ؉ bc ( ؍a ؉ b)(a ؉ c) Distributive P9a ab ؉ ab ؍a P9b (a ؉ b)(a ؉ b) ؍a Adjacency P9aa ab ؉ ab ؉ ab ؉ ab ؍1 P9bb (a؉ b)(a؉ b)(a؉ b)(a ؉ b) ؍0 P10a a ؉ ab ؍a ؉ b P10b a(a ؉ b) ؍ab Simplification P11a (a ؉ b) ؍ab P11b (ab) ؍a ؉ b DeMorgan P12a a ؉ ab ؍a P13a at1 ؉ at2 ؉ t1t2 ؍at1 ؉ at2 P14a ab ؉ ac ( ؍a ؉ c)(a ؉ b) b a؉b 0 1 1 1 a b ab 0 1 1 0 a a 1 P13b a(a ؉ b) ؍a (a ؉ t1)(a ؉ t2)(t1 ؉ t2) ( ؍a ؉ t1)(a ؉ t2) aϩb b a ab b a NOR a b (a b)Ј 0 1 1 1 a b (a ϩ b)Ј 0 1 1 0 a b ab 0 1 1 1 a b (a b)Ј 0 1 1 P11bb (abc .) ؍a ؉ b ؉ c P12b a aЈ Idempotency NAND P11aa (a ؉ b ؉ c .) ؍abc a Absorption Exclusive-OR Consensus Exclusive-NOR 0 a (a b)Ј b a (a ϩ b)Ј b a b a b ab (a b)Ј Third EdiTion Laboratory experiments are included that also serve to integrate practical circuits with theory Traditional hands-on hardware experiments as well as simulation laboratory exercises using popular software packages are closely tied to the text material to allow students to implement the concepts they are learning All of the K map (Karnaugh map) coverage is presented in one chapter (chapter 3) instead of coverage appearing in two chapters • New Appendix A (Relating the Algebra to the Karnaugh Map) ties together algebra coverage and K map coverage • Additional experiments have been added to Appendix D to allow students the opportunity to perform a variety of experiments • New problems have been added in Appendix E for both combinational and sequential systems, which go from word problem to circuit all in one place MArcoviTz • IntroductIon to Logic dEsign ALAn B MArcoviTz MD DALIM 991805 11/11/08 CYAN MAG YELO BLACK new to the Third Edition: IntroductIon to In the third edition, design is emphasized throughout, and switching algebra is developed as a tool for analyzing and implementing digital systems The design of sequential systems includes the derivation of state tables from word problems, further emphasizing the practical implementation of the material being presented Logic dEsign Introduction to Logic Design, Third Edition by Alan Marcovitz—the student’s companion to logic design! A clear presentation of fundamentals and well-paced writing style make this the ideal companion to any first course in digital logic An extensive set of examples—well integrated into the body of the text and included at the end of each chapter in sections of solved problems—gives students multiple opportunities to understand the topics being presented Third EdiTion