a0061 oreilly learning rails 3 jul 201 morebook vn 7686

Download from Wow! eBook Learning Rails Simon St.Laurent, Edd Dumbill, and Eric J Gruber Beijing • Cambridge • Farnham • Köln • Sebastopol • Tokyo Learning Rails by Simon St.Laurent, Edd Dumbill, and Eric J Gruber Copyright © 2012 Simon St.Laurent, Edd Dumbill, Eric J Gruber All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America Published by O’Reilly Media, Inc., 1005 Gravenstein Highway North, Sebastopol, CA 95472 O’Reilly books may be purchased for educational, business, or sales promotional use Online editions are also available for most titles (http://my.safaribooksonline.com) For more information, contact our corporate/institutional sales department: 800-998-9938 or corporate@oreilly.com Editor: Simon St.Laurent Production Editor: Iris Febres Proofreader: Jasmine Perez Indexer: Lucie Haskins Cover Designer: Karen Montgomery Interior Designer: David Futato Illustrators: Robert Romano, Rebecca Demarest, and Jessamyn Read July 2012: First Edition Revision History for the First Edition: 2012-07-11 First release See http://oreilly.com/catalog/errata.csp?isbn=9781449309336 for release details Nutshell Handbook, the Nutshell Handbook logo, and the O’Reilly logo are registered trademarks of O’Reilly Media, Inc Learning Rails 3, the image of the tarpans, and related trade dress are trademarks of O’Reilly Media, Inc Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks Where those designations appear in this book, and O’Reilly Media, Inc., was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in caps or initial caps While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book, the publisher and authors assume no responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein ISBN: 978-1-449-30933-6 [M] 1342467902 Table of Contents Preface xi Starting Up Ruby on Rails If You Run Windows, You’re Lucky Getting Started at the Command Line Starting Up Rails Test Your Knowledge Quiz Answers 9 Rails on the Web 11 Creating Your Own View What Are All Those Folders? Adding Some Data How Hello World Works Adding Logic to the View Test Your Knowledge Quiz Answers 11 14 16 18 20 22 22 22 Adding Web Style 23 I Want My CSS! Specifying Stylesheets Creating a Layout for a Controller Choosing a Layout from a Controller Sharing Template Data with the Layout Setting a Default Page Test Your Knowledge Quiz Answers 23 28 29 31 33 34 36 36 36 iii About the Authors Simon St.Laurent is a web developer, network administrator, computer book author, and XML troublemaker living in Ithaca, NY His books include XML: A Primer, XML Elements of Style, and Building XML Applications, Cookies, and Sharing Bandwidth He is a contributing editor to XMLhack.com and an occasional contributor to XML.com Edd Dumbill is a technologist, writer, and programmer based in California He is the program chair for the O’Reilly Strata and Open Source Convention Conferences Eric J Gruber works as a web developer in municipal government for the City of Lawrence, KS (http://www.lawrenceks.org/) and freelances with his company, Rumblestrut (http://www.rumblestrut.com/) Colophon The animals on the cover of Learning Rails are tarpans (Equus ferus ferus) The tarpan was a wild horse that lived in Europe and Asia and died out in the 19th century Smaller and stockier than a modern domestic horse, it was mouse-gray in color with a dark mane and a black stripe down its back The breed was known to be intelligent, curious, and independent The ancient tarpan ranged from southern France and Spain to central Russia Its decline was caused by the growth of the European human population in the 17th and 18th centuries, which encroached on the tarpan’s natural habitat Tarpans were also hunted for their meat The last wild tarpan died in Ukraine in 1879, and the last pure tarpan died in a Russian zoo eight years later, at which point the species officially became extinct However, you can still see a tarpan today, thanks to two German zoologists who succeeded in genetically recreating the breed in the 1930s Heinz and Lutz Heck began a breeding program while working at a Munich zoo, believing that genes still present in the gene pool of an overall species could be used to recreate extinct breeds They combined the genes of living horses who showed similar characteristics to the ancient tarpan, and bred the first modern tarpan at the zoo in 1933 This new form of tarpan, known as the Heck horse, is a phenotypic copy of the original wild breed, meaning that it resembles the ancient tarpan but is not exactly the same genetically Today, there are about 50 tarpans in North America, all of which trace back to the original project in Munich Most of them are owned by private breeders who are trying to increase the tarpan population There are not many more than 100 tarpans in the world The cover image is from Richard Lydekker’s Royal Natural History The cover font is Adobe ITC Garamond The text font is Linotype Birka; the heading font is Adobe Myriad Condensed; and the code font is LucasFont’s TheSansMonoCondensed