Download free ebooks at bookboon.com Japan & South Korea © 2008 Stig Albeck & Ventus Publishing ApS Translation: Karen Rosen All rights and copyright relating to the content of this book are the property of Ventus Publishing ApS, and/or its suppliers Content from ths book, may not be reproduced in any shape or form without prior written permission from Ventus Publishing ApS Quoting this book is allowed when clear references are made, in relation to reviews are allowed ISBN 978-87-7061-328-6 1st edition Pictures and illustrations in this book are reproduced according to agreement with the following copyright owners Eugene Park, Korean Tourism, Stig Albeck, Brian McMorrow, Eva Lis Petersen, Tokyo Convention & Visitors Bureau The stated prices and opening hours are indicative and may have been subject to change after this book was published Download free ebooks at bookboon.com Kapiteloverskrift ONLIBRI Japan & South Korea Download free ebooks at bookboon.com A visit to Seoul Japan & South Korea A visit to Seoul www.visitseoul.net www.knto.or.kr www.tour2korea.com When the day turns into night there's a lot to in the city that lacks nothing in the fields of shopping, eating, and sightseeing Indoor fun parks like Lotte World are very popular In Seoul you meet the beautiful ancient Korean culture, but at the same time you really feel that you're in one of Asia's modern metropolises The capital of Southern Korea has many palaces surrounded by green parks, and you can sense the serenity and balance of the beautiful buildings Seoul is situated close to its sister country North Korea and if you can, you should take a trip to The Demilitarized Zone, where you not only come close to the country to the north but actually enter North Korean territory Seoul is endowed with many natural features; the river, that flows calmly through the city and the hills that both surround and form part of the city Overlooking it all is the Seoul Tower from which you get a good idea of the size of the city and the contrast between the modern architecture and the historical palaces Have a nice journey! Download free ebooks at bookboon.com Historical outline Japan & South Korea buildings The palace of Kyongbuk was built, and it remained the kings' residence through several centuries The city wall, which is 17 km long, was also built It took no more than 98 days for almost 200.000 workers to build it Historical outline The first settlements in Seoul can through archaeological findings be dated back more than 6,000 years Back then there was an agricultural settlement in the fertile area along the river Han During the reign of the Chosun Dynasty, Korea was almost isolated from the rest of the world The biggest opening was toward the neighbours in China, and for centuries Chinese culture had a great influence on the Korean Seoul became the capital of Korea at the time of the kingdom of Paekche which began in 57 BC Seoul is simply the Korean word for capital Until 668 it was the era of The Three Kingdoms In addition to Paekche there were the Kingdoms of Koguryo and Shilla In the beginning of the 18th century the population of the city was about 200,000 That number remained stable through the following two centuries primarily because of the isolationist policy toward the rest of the world, which meant that Korea wasn't influenced by an increase in trading 1876 became the year Korea opened up for diplomatic connexions to the western countries This created a new period of growth based on trade, production, and foreign representations In 668 the kingdom of Shilla conquered the other two, and also Seoul which they renamed Hansong After the unification of Korea during the Dynasty of Koryo, which reigned from 918, the city was yet again renamed; this time it was called Yangju, but the name was changed again to Namgyong – the southern capital – in 1067 At that time it was one of three major cities in Korea The open Korea became a part of the Japanese Empire in 1910 The city remained the administrative centre of the Korean peninsula, but changed its name again; this time it was called Kyonsong The development did not stop with the Japanese control, and in the mid 30ies the number of inhabitants had risen to 750,000 The Japanese control ended along with World War 2, and the new and independent Korea became a reality On august 15th the city was given its current name, Seoul It also became the starting point for the development of the Seoul we know today Until then it had been a small town, primarily agricultural, but when king Munjong in 1068 had a summer palace built in Seoul, other groups of people went to live there as well That was the beginning of the city's transformation toward the important city Seoul is today In 1392 the Dynasty of Chosun came to power, and the city was called Hanyang The king Yi SongGye organised a thorough investigation into where the best place for at united capital would be, if it was to be able to develop as well as be defendable The result was, after two years of investigating, that Hanyang formally became the capital of the whole of Korea and King Yi Song-Gye began to move his administration and Court here In the years succeeding the independence of Korea the capital developed rapidly and in 1949 Seoul became home to several new administrative branches The city's population had grown to over 1,400,000 Shortly hereafter came the Korean War that devastated Seoul, and the city had to be almost entirely rebuilt Before the war ended in 1953 That was the beginning of an era of many building projects, including palaces and government Download free ebooks at bookboon.com Historical outline Japan & South Korea Seoul had been conquered and reclaimed numerous times, and each time there was severe fighting in the streets During this period the area of the city was immensely expanded The old city in the northern traditional centre of Seoul has grown with the great modern areas along the river Han including blocks of flats, entertainment and shopping centres for the 10 millions and more inhabitants of today Seoul remained capital after the war, but now only of South Korea (Pyongyang became the capital of North Korea) Through the 1950ies and 1960ies a colossal amount of reconstruction work took place with the participation of the entire population and a special law that enabled the prime minister to take immediate action and responsibility for the progress The success of the new South Korea really came to the attention of the whole world with the huge sports event Asian Games in 1986 and the Olympic Games two years later More recently, South Korea and Japan hosted (the) World Championships in football in 2002 Download free ebooks at bookboon.com Tour 1: Seoul Japan & South Korea The palace of Changgyeonggung was built by King Sejong as a residence for his father Taejong The palace was renovated and expanded in 1483 by King Seongjong to become residence for Queen Dowagers Tour 1: Seoul The Palace of Changgyeonggung/ The central part, the Myeongjeon building, was built in the 14th century That makes it the oldest of its kind in Korea The building burned down in 1592, but it was rebuilt in 1616 The park that surrounds the palace is very beautiful and here lies the Chundangji Lake that used to be a rice field The king cultivated the rice himself to better understand the ways of life of the rural population The park was changed in 1909 when the Japanese turned it into a botanical garden and a zoo (both were moved in 1983) Please click the advert 2-1 Waryong-dong, Jongno-gu Metro: Haehwa Download free ebooks at bookboon.com Tour 1: Seoul Japan & South Korea The Palace of Changdeokgung/ The huge Injeongjeon building is the throne room of the palace, and is placed in the centre This is where the kings made decisions about affairs of state and held official meetings and representations The throne room was last changed under the King Sunjo in 1804 The holy shrine of Jongmyo/ 2-71 Waryong-dong, Jongno-gu Metro: Anguk The palace of Changdeokgung was built by King Taejong in 1405 to serve as (a) royal villa It became the King's residence after the destruction of the Gyeongbokgung palace in 1592 1-2 Hunjeong-dong, Jongno-gu Metro: Jongno 3-ga Jongmyo is a royal shrine, built at the end of the 14th century, shortly after Seoul became the capital of Korea Four times a year the elegant and grandiose grounds formed the background of ceremonies in which the king, his sons and military leaders participated This place is considered to be one of the most important of Korean cultural history The surroundings of the palace with its many pavilions are characterised by rough terrain, and here the Korean tradition for harmony between buildings and nature is accentuated The architecture is very varied through the grounds, e.g the magnificent back yard in which the many trees and flowers almost become fused with the pavilions Download free ebooks at bookboon.com Tour 1: Seoul Japan & South Korea Download free ebooks at bookboon.com 10 Day Tours from Tokyo Japan & South Korea Fuji-Hakone-Izu, 100 km W www.hakone.or.jp Fuji-Hakone-Izu National Park is one of the marvels of nature On the scenic Lake Ashinoko, formed in the crater of the Hakone Volcano, you can enjoy boat trips of various lengths From the boat you have a grand view of Mount Fuji, Japan's holy mountain and the highest in the country Fuji is, if anything, an icon of nature to Japan 25b Sankeien/ Sankeien is an incredibly beautiful Japanese garden laid out by Hara Senkai It opened in 1904 and here you can see various historic buildings from all over Japan together with small lakes, streams, flowers, and other typical elements of a Japanese garden 26 Fuji-Hakone-Izu National Park/ Fuji-Hakone-Izu Kokuritsu K en/ You can climb Mount Fuji, if you so wish Other activities are the many spas, onsen, built by the many hot springs of the area Download free ebooks at bookboon.com 77 Children / Shopping / Transportation Japan & South Korea Tokyo for children Shopping in Tokyo Asakusa Hanayashiki (2-28-1 Asakusa, Taito-ku): www.hanayashiki.net Ginza, Shinjuku, Ikebukero, Shibuya Caretta Shiodome (1-8-2 Higashi Shinbashi Minato-ku): www.caretta.jp La Qua og Tokyo Dome City Attractions/Ra Kuua, Tôkyô Doomu Shiti/ (1-3 Koraku, Bunkyo-ku): www.laqua.jp LaLaport (Toyosu, Tokyo Bay): www.lalaport.net The National Museum for Future Science and Innovation / Nihon Kagaku Miraikan / Mitsukoshi (1-4-1 Nihonbashi–Muromachi, Chuoku): www.mitsukoshi.co.jp (2-41 Oume, Koto-ku): www.miraikan.jst.go.jp Odaiba Malls, e.g Venus Fort (Tokyo Teleport): www.venusfort.co.jp Sanrio Puroland (1-3 Ochiai Tama-city): www.puroland.co.jp Roppongi Hills (Roppongi): www.roppongihills.com Sunshine City (3-1 Higashi-Ikebukuro, Toshimaku): www.sunshinecity.co.jp Sunshine City (3-1 Higashi-Ikebukuro, Toshimaku): www.sunshinecity.co.jp Tokyo Disney Resort / Tôkyô Dizunii Rizooto / (Maihama): www.tokyodisneyresort.co.jp Takashimaya (2-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku)(5-42-2 Sendagaya, Shibuya-ku): www.takashimaya.co.jp/tokyo Tokyo Dome City (1-3-61 Korakuen, Bunkyo-ku): www.tokyo-dome.co.jp Public transportation in Tokyo Tokyo Tower (4-2-8 Shiba Koen, Minati-ku): www.tokyotower.co.jp Tokyo metro: www.tokyometro.jp Yomiuri Land (4015-1 Yanokuchi Inagi-city): www.yomiuruland.co.jp Tokyo Narita Airport: www.narita-airport.or.jp Tokyo Haneda Airport: www.tokyo-airport-bldg.co.jp Japan State Railways: www.japanrail.com Download free ebooks at bookboon.com 78 Metro Map Japan & South Korea Metro Map Please click the advert Getting ahead in your management career Our expertise in flexible and accessible education and your passion to succeed will enable you to get ahead A world-class research university, Leicester offers flexible, innovative courses because we understand that you’ve got other responsibilities In fact, we’re committed to making sure that everyone in our vibrant community gets the very best experience at Leicester, whether you’re on campus or on the other side of the world Whether you choose to study one of our specialist Masters’ courses, or our AMBA accredited MBA by full-time or distance learning, you will join a global network of similarly minded professionals and be supported all the way Get ahead, get in touch www.le.ac.uk/management +44 (0)116 252 5377 dladvisers@le.ac.uk Distance Learning School of Management Postgraduate Programmes Download free ebooks at bookboon.com 79 Facts about Japan Japan & South Korea Facts about Japan Political Official name Nippon-koku/ Capital Tokyo / Form of government Constitutional monarchy Head of State Emperor Akihito/ Head of government Prime Minister Yasuo Fukuda/ National day May 3rd Independence achieved Has never been under the authority of another country Primary religion Shinto, Buddhism Language Japanese Territory 377.873 km² Population (2000) 127.333.000 Download free ebooks at bookboon.com 80 Facts about Japan Japan & South Korea Borders on North La Pérouse Strait, Nemuru Strait South Philippine Sea East Pacific Ocean West Sea of Japan, Korea Strait, East China Sea Highest mountains Fujisan/ 3,776 meters Kitadake/ 3,193 meters Okuhotakadake/ 3,190 meters Ainodake/ 3,189 meters Yarigatake/ 3,180 meters Warusawadake/ 3,141 meters Akaishidake/ 3,120 meters Karasawadake/ 3,110 meters Kitahotakadake/ 3,106 meters Maehotakadake/ 3,090 meters Greatest islands Honsh / 230,500 km Hokkaid / 83,455 km Ky sh / 35,640 km Shikoku/ 18,800 km Okinawa/ 1,201 km Oki Dait / 1,147 km Sado/ 855 km Amami shima/ 712 km² Tsushima/ 696 km Awaji/ 592 km Download free ebooks at bookboon.com 81 Facts about Japan Japan & South Korea Greatest Lakes 670 km Kasumigaura/ 168 km Saroma/ 152 km² Inawashiro/ 103 km Nakaumi/ 86 km Kussharo/ 79 km² Shinji/ 79 km Shikotsu/ 79 km T ya/ 78 km Hamana Please click the advert Biwa/ 71 km² With us you can shape the future Every single day For more information go to: www.eon-career.com Your energy shapes the future Download free ebooks at bookboon.com 82 Facts about Japan Japan & South Korea Longest rivers Shinano/ 367 km Tone/ 322 km Ishikari/ 268 km Teshio/ 256 km Kitakami/ 249 km Abukuma/ 239 km Mogami/ 229 km Kiso/ 227 km Tenry / 213 km Agano/ 210 km Biggest cities (2002) T ky / 8,642,000 Yokohama/ 3,624,000 saka/ 2,643,000 Nagoya/ 2,234,000 Sapporo/ 1,893,000 K be/ 1,530,000 Ky to/ 1,470,000 Fukuoka/ 1,425,000 Kawasaki/ 1,365,000 Saitama/ 1,189,000 Download free ebooks at bookboon.com 83 Facts about Japan Japan & South Korea Division into districts Prefecture/city Capital Territory Aichi/ Nagoya/ 5,154 km² Akita/ Akita/ 11,612 km² Aomori/ Aomori/ 9,606 km² Chiba/ Chiba/ 5,156 km² Ehime/ Matsuyama/ 5,676 km² Fukui/ Fukui/ 4,189 km² Fukuoka/ Fukuoka/ 4,971 km² Fukushima/ Fukushima/ 13,783 km² Gifu/ Gifu/ 10,598 km² Gunma/ Maebashi/ 6,363 km² Hiroshima/ Hiroshima/ 8,477 km² Hokkaid / Sapporo/ 83,452 km² Hy go/ Kobe/ 8,392 km² Ibaraki/ Mito/ 6,096 km² Ishikawa/ Kanazawa/ 4,185 km² Iwate/ Morioka/ 15,279 km² Kagawa/ Takamatsu/ 1,862 km² Kagoshima/ Kagoshima/ 9,132 km² Kanagawa/ Yokohama/ 2,415 km² Kochi/ Kochi/ 7,105 km² Kumamoto/ Kumamoto/ 6,908 km² Kyoto/ Kyoto/ 4,613 km² Mie/ Tsu/ 5,761 km² Miyagi/ Sendai/ 6,862 km² Miyazaki/ Miyazaki/ 6,685 km² Nagano/ Nagano/ 12,598 km² Nagasaki/ Nagasaki/ 4,093 km² Nara/ Nara/ 3,691 km² Niigata/ Niigata/ 12,582 km² ita/ ita/ 5,804 km² Okayama/ Okayama/ 7,009 km² Download free ebooks at bookboon.com 84 Facts about Japan Japan & South Korea Okinawa/ Naha/ 2,271 km² Osaka/ Osaka/ 1,893 km² Saga/ Saga/ 2,439 km² Saitama/ Saitama/ 3,767 km² Shiga/ Otsu/ 4,017 km² Shimane/ Matsue/ 6,707 km² Shizuoka/ Shizuoka/ 7,329 km² Tochigi/ Utsunomiya/ 6,408 km² Tokushima/ Tokushima/ 4,145 km² Tokyo/ Shinjuku/ 2,187 km² Tottori/ Tottori/ 3,507 km² Toyama/ Toyama/ 4,247 km² Wakayama/ Wakayama/ 4,726 km² Yamagata/ Yamagata/ 9,323 km² Yamaguchi/ Yamaguchi/ 6,111 km² Yamanashi/ Kofu/ 4,465 km² Please click the advert Do your employees receive the right training? Bookboon offers an eLibrairy with a wide range of Soft Skill training & Microsoft Office books to keep your staff up to date at all times Contact us to hear more kbm@bookboon.com Download free ebooks at bookboon.com 85 Facts about Japan Japan & South Korea Emperors since 1603 Emperor Go-Y zei/ 1586-1611 Emperor Go-Mizunoo/ 1611-1629 Empress Meish / 1629-1643 Emperor Go-K my / 1643-1654 Emperor Go-Sai/ 1655-1663 Emperor Reigen/ 1663-1687 Emperor Higashiyama/ 1687-1709 Emperor Nakamikado/ 1709-1735 Emperor Sakuramachi/ 1735-1747 Emperor Momozono/ 1747-1762 Empress Go-Sakuramachi/ 1762-1771 Emperor Go-Momozono/ 1771-1779 Emperor K kaku/ 1780-1817 Emperor Nink / 1817-1846 Emperor K mei/ 1846-1867 Emperor Meiji/ 1867-1912 Emperor Taish / 1912-1926 Emperor Sh wa/ 1926-1989 Emperor Akihito/ 1989- Prime Ministers since 1980 Zenko Suzuki/ 1980-1982 Yasuhiro Nakasone/ 1982-1987 Noboru Takeshita/ 1987-1989 S suke Uno/ 1989-1989 Toshiki Kaifu/ 1989-1991 Kiichi Miyazawa/ 1991-1993 Morihiro Hosokawa/ 1993-1994 Tsutomu Hata/ 1994-1994 Tomiichi Murayama/ 1994-1996 Ryutaro Hashimoto/ 1996-1998 Keizo Obuchi/ 1998-2000 Download free ebooks at bookboon.com 86 Facts about Japan Japan & South Korea Yoshiro Mori/ 2000-2001 Junichiro Koizumi/ 2001-2006 Shinzo Abe/ 2006-2007 Yasuo Fukuda/ 2007- Holidays and memorial days January 1st nd Shogatsu (New Year's day) Monday of January February 11 th Seijin no hi (”Coming-of-Age Day”) Kenkoku kinenbi (foundation of Japan) March 21st Shunbun no hi (vernal equinox) April 29th Showa no hi (Emperor Showa's birthday) rd Kenpo kinenbi (Constitution Day) th May Midori no hi (Greenery Day) May 5th Kodomo no hi (Childrens' Day) 3rd Monday of Juli Uni no hi (The day of the seas) May rd Monday of September September 23 rd Keiro no hi (”Respect-for-the-aged Day”) Shubun no hi (autumnal equinox) 2nd Monday of October Taiiku no hi (Health and Sports Day) November 3rd Bunka no hi (Culture Day) November 23 rd Kinro kansha no hi (Labour Thanksgiving Day) Plus the emperor's birthday is always a public holiday Various facts Currency Yen Currency code JPY Time zone Japan Standard Time (UTC+9) Postal code J Internet domain jp Dialling code +81 Download free ebooks at bookboon.com 87 Facts about Japan Japan & South Korea Climate – Tokyo Mean temperature day and night °C/°F Precipitation millimetres/inches January 3,6/38,5 50/2,0 February 4,3/39,7 72/2,8 March 7,4/45,3 106/4,2 April 13,0/55,4 129/5,1 May 17,3/63,1 144/5,7 June 20,8/69,4 176/6,9 July 24,7/76,5 136/5,3 August 26,1/79,0 149/5,8 September 22,4/72,3 216/8,5 October 16,5/61,7 194/7,6 November 11,1/52,0 96/3,8 December 6,1/43,0 54/2,1 Please click the advert Source: WorldClimate (www.worldclimate.com) www.job.oticon.dk Download free ebooks at bookboon.com 88 Facts about Japan Japan & South Korea Climate – Osaka Mean temperature day and night °C/°F Precipitation millimetres/inches January 4,4/39,9 46/1,8 February 4,7/40,5 59/2,3 March 7,8/46,0 99/3,9 April 13,6/56,5 134/5,3 May 18,2/64,8 130/5,1 June 22,2/72,0 200/7,9 July 26,5/79,7 159/6,3 August 27,6/81,7 103/4,1 September 23,7/74,7 173/6,8 October 17,5/63,5 121/4,8 November 11,9/53,4 74/2,9 December 6,9/44,4 46/1,8 Source: WorldClimate (www.worldclimate.com) Climate – Fukuoka Mean temperature day and night °C/°F Precipitation millimetres/inches January 6,0/42,8 80/3,1 February 6,5/43,7 98/3,9 March 9,1/48,4 116/4,6 April 13,8/56,8 171/6,7 May 17,9/64,2 163/6,4 June 21,5/70,7 310/12,2 July 25,7/78,3 317/12,5 August 27,2/81,0 115/4,5 September 23,6/74,5 207/8,1 October 18,4/65,1 89/3,5 November 13,5/56,3 73/2,9 December 8,8/47,8 59/2,3 Källe: WorldClimate (www.worldclimate.com) Download free ebooks at bookboon.com 89 Facts about Japan Japan & South Korea Climate – Sapporo Mean temperature day and night °C/°F Precipitation millimetres/inches January -5,4/22,3 100/3,9 February -4,6/23,7 79/3,1 March -0,9/30,4 70/2,7 April 5,7/42,3 61/2,4 May 11,1/52,0 59/2,3 June 15,4/59,7 65/2,6 July 19,7/67,5 86/3,4 August 21,3/70,3 117/4,6 September 16,7/62,1 136/5,4 October 10,1/50,2 114/4,5 November 3,5/38,3 106/4,2 December -2,2/27,7 102/4,0 Source: WorldClimate (www.worldclimate.com) Climate – Naha Mean temperature day and night °C/°F Precipitation millimetres/inches January 16,0/60,8 125/4,9 February 16,2/61,2 126/5,0 March 17,8/64,0 159/6,3 April 20,7/69,3 165/6,5 May 23,3/73,9 252/9,9 June 261,/79,0 280/11,0 July 28,0/82,4 178/7,0 August 27,7/81,9 270/10,6 September 26,8/80,2 175/6,9 October 24,1/75,4 165/6,5 November 21,0/69,8 133/5,2 December 17,8/64,0 111/4,4 Source: WorldClimate (www.worldclimate.com) Download free ebooks at bookboon.com 90 Kapiteloverskrift ONLIBRI Japan & South Korea 91 ... bookboon.com 48 Tour 2: Osaka Japan & South Korea Download free ebooks at bookboon.com 49 Day Tours from Osaka & Kyoto Japan & South Korea Day Tours from Osaka & Kyoto 406-1 Zoshi-cho The Todaiji Temple... bookboon.com 37 A visit to Osaka & Kyoto Japan & South Korea A visit to Osaka & Kyoto www.tourism.city.osaka.jp http://raku.city.kyoto.jp/sight_e.phtml www.jnto.go.jp Kyoto is Japan'' s number one city... ONLIBRI Japan & South Korea Download free ebooks at bookboon.com A visit to Seoul Japan & South Korea A visit to Seoul www.visitseoul.net www.knto.or.kr www.tour 2korea. com When the day turns into