NGHIEN CUU • T NGHIEN CLFU XAY DLTNG PHLFaNG PHAP TJNH TOAN THONG SO B U O N G LOC THI^T Bj LOC BUI TINH DIEN RESEARCH AND ESTABLISHMENT THE CALCULATION METHODOLOGY FOR FILTERATION CHAMBER PARAMETERS OF ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATORS TS Nguyen Chi Sang, TS Dfldng Van Long Vien Nghien cflu Co khi, Bd Cdng TbflOng TOM TAT Hieu sudt loc bui cita thiet hi loc bui tinh dien (TB LBTB) phu thugc vao nhieu yeu to: "Unh chdt ly hoa cua bui va dong khi, dac diem cdu tao vd kich thUdc buong loc, che dp cap vd dieu khien nguon nuoi cao dp PhUOng phdp tinh todn hieu sudt loc bui TB LBTB dd co rdt nhieu tdc gid nghien cdu vd cong bd de xudt cita minh, nhien d mde thong tin da cong bo lai chiia du dieu kien dng dung thUc te vi nhieu nguyen nhan, phdi ke den ly gid bi mat cong nghe Bdi bdo trinh bdy viec nghien cdu xdy diing phUOng phdp tinh todn thong so buong loc TB LBTD cho cdc nhd mdy nhiet dien thanvd xi mang cua nhom tdc gid Ket qud phUOngphdp tinh todn xdy diing co sU tham vdn cua chuyen gia hdng loc bui tinh dien Kondor Eco-LB Nga Tfl khoa: Hieu sudt igc bui tinh dien, loc bui tinh dien, thong so cong nghe loc bui tinh dien The eficency of the electro static precipitator (ESP) depends on many factors such as: gas physical and chemical properties, structure and size of the filter champer, high voltages fed condition, etc The efficiency of the ESP has been studied and published by many authors, however, those published information is not sufficient enough for use due to many reasons, among that technology confidential is one The paper describes the study results of the author group about the calculation methodology for filteration chamber parameters of electrostatic precipitators (ESP) The method of calculation was commented and corrected by ESP experts from KONDOR - ECO, a Russian company Keywords: ESP design parameter, electrostatic precipitators ^ TAP CHi CO KHi VIET NAM • S6 (Thdng nam 2013) NGHIEN CUfU-TRAODOl I.DATVANDE Trong nhflng nam gan day, nham ddp Ung cho chflong trinh phat trien kinh te xa hdi cua dat nfldc, nhieu nhd mdy xi mdng, nhiet dien than da dflpc dau tfl xay dflng mdi De dap flng quy chuan phdt thai bui, day chuyen cdng nghe cua cae nhd may neu tren deu dflpc trang bi TB LBTD kieu khd dang tam ban Mdt diem ddng Iflu y, cdc dfl an cde TB LBTD chu yeu dflpc nhap khau ddng bd cung cd day chuyen hodc cdc nha thau nfldc ngoai sau thang thau da thue lai cac co sd che tao nfldc gia cdng theo bdn ve bp cap mdt khdi Iflpng khdng nhd phan thiet bi ca cua TB LBTD Neu chung ta ldm chu dflpc edng tdc tinh todn thiet ke TB LBTD thi chung ta se chu ddng ddm nhdn dflpc viec cung cap loai thiet bi cho cac dfl dn Vi vay, viec dau tfl eho cdng tae nghien cflu tinh todn thiet ke TB LBTD la can thiet, se giup chung ta thflc day tien trinh ndi dia hda dang thiet bi ndy, gdp phan tao them viee ldm cho cdc don vi nfldc vd giam nhdp sieu D^ hien thflc hda muc tieu neu tren, Vien Nghien cflu Co da xdy dflng vd chu tri thflc hien di tdi nghi&n cflu khoa bpc cdng nghe cap nhd nfldc "Nghien cflu thiet ke, che tao thiet bj loc bui cdng suat Idn", mdt cac tieu chi de tai la di sau nghien cflu Idm chu cdng tdc tinh toan thiet ke, cdng nghe che tao TB LBTD cdng suat ldn, tao ca sd tin cdy dam bdo chat Iflpng thiet bj cung cap cho cdc dif dn nhiet dien, xi mang Budng Ipc bui tinh dien dflpc cau tao hmh hop chfl nhat, bdn cd dat cdc tam cUc song song (cUc lang) vd cdc thep gai (cUc phdng) xen ke Tren cdc c\ic dflpc cap dien cao dp mdt chieu cd tfl vdi chuc eho den 110 kV de tao mpt dien trUdng cd cUdng dp manh Hat bui vdi kich thudc nhd, nhe bay Id Iflng khdng dflpc dfla qua budng Ipc, hat bui di qua dien trUdng manh se hi ion hod thdnh cdc phan tfl ion mang dien tich, dfldi tae dimg cua dien trfldng ede ion mang bui chuyen ddng ve phia dien cflc trdi dau va bdm vdo dd Qua trinh tich dien cua cdc hat bui xay rat nhanh sd Iflpng ion qud nhieu vd day dae Sau cac hat bui di den dien cflc trdi dau, phdng bdt dien tich va tieh tu dan tren mat dien cflc den mdt dp ddy ndo dd, thdng qua ca cau gd rung ru bui, cac hat bui se bj roi xudng phlu chfla bui (h.l) Hinh Nguyen ly hoat dgng TB LBTD Hieu qua thu lang bui ciia TB LBTD phu thudc vao rat nhieu cac yeu td nhU: Kich thUdc cua hat bui, tde dp chuyen ddng va sU phdn bo ddng deu Iflpng khdng vung dien trfldng, thdi gian Iflu eua bui buong Ipc, eau tao cua dien cflc, dien dp dien trfldng M TA HOAT DONG THIET BI LOC BUI TiNH D I £ N TB LBTD Id he thdng thu Ipc cdc hat bui khdi ddng khdng chay qua budng Ipc TB LBTD boat dpng trdn nguyen ly phdng dien mdt cpc di?n trUdng manh tao tdc nhan ion hod cdc phan tfl khdng (hodc khi) vdi hieu flng tao cdc ion dUOng, am vd dien tfl Dien dp ngudn nudi dflpc khong che dudi gidi ban nguy hiem de khdng xay hi?n tflpng phdng tia lUa di?n gay sfl co thiet bi va ton hao nang Iflpng De TB LBTD boat ddng ddp flng hieu suat Ipe yeu cau theo quy ehuan phat thai bui quy dinh, viec tinh todn thiet ke thdng sd budng Ipe va ehe dp boat ddng phu hpp Id nhiem vu cua nhd thiet ke phdi giai quyet NGHIEN CUXr XAY Dl/NG PHLfONG P H A P TiNH T O A N THONG SO BUONG LQC TB LBTD 3.1 Dac diem bui thai cdng nghiep TAP CHi CO KHi VIET NAM Sd (Thang nam 211 K NGHIEN Cflu - TRAO D O I Ddi tupng bui nghien cflu la bui hinh qud trinh nghien vat lieu vd bui -khdi hinh thdnh qud trinh dot nhien Ueu TU ket qud nghien cflu da rut ket luan: Bui Id mdt hpp phan gdm hai pha: pha va pha ran rdi rac Pha ran rdi rac gom cdc hat bui cd kich thflde nam khodng tfl 0,1 pm den Idn hon 70 pm (bui thd) Mdt nhiJng tinh chat bui lien quan den dfl Ueu can thiet cho tinh toan budng loc TB LBTD la ty le gid tri khoi Iflpng theo kich thudc cd hat cua bui thdnh phan Bang phUPng phdp lay mau, phdn tich ngUdi ta xac djnh dUpc ty le gid trj khdi lupng ciia phan hpp phan bui cd kich thflde ldn hon (hoae nhd hpn) kich thflde Y cho trfldc Sfl phan bd ty le khdi Iflpng hpp phan bui cua cac loai bui la khac Trong bang la ty le -khoi Iflpng hpp phan bui cua bui may nghien bi xi mdng Bdng Ty le khoiludng hdp phdn bui cua bui mdy nghien bi xi mdng [2] Dudng kinh hat bui Y,, ^m > >1,6 >2,5 >4,0 >6,3 > 10 > 16 >25 >40 Ty le % khoi luong hop phan bui, X, 100 90 83,2 69,8 53,9 37,1 22,2 12 5,3 TU dCf lieu nong bui cho trUdc va chi tieu phat thai quy dinh, xac dinh hieu suat toi thieu can co cua TB LBTD theo cong thiic; (g,„ - ,.),, TU ket qua phan tich khoi luong hop phan bui se xac dinh duoc dai dudng kinh hat bui can thu lang dugc buong loc TB LBTD dap ilng hieu suat loc theo yeu cau nhd trg giiip cua phan mem Mathcad vdi viec sii dung ham sphne: S:=cspline(X,Y), fits(x) := interp(S,X,Y,x) Trong do: X^ - ty le khoi lugng bui hop phan Y - dudng kinh hat bui X - ty le kho'i lugng tai diem xem xet; fits(x) - dudng kinh hat bui tUong ting tai diem xem xet fjf, y: r I-*' KJ TAP CHf C O KHf VIFT NAIVI 3.2 Phan tich cong thiic tinh toan hieu suat loc bui cua TB LBTD Mgt nhflng cong thiic dau tien dUflc de xuat dung cho tinh toan hieu suat Igc bui cui TB LBTD la ciia tac gia Andersen: , = ]- (3.1) Trong do: K^ - Hang so; L - Chieu dai hCu ich buong loc; V^^^ - van toe dong qua budng loc Cong thiic tren khong tim dugc ling dpg rgng rai vi hang so K^ khong phan anh duac djc diem cau tao, cung nhu cac dac diem cong ngh' cac dieu kien lam viec khac cua TB LBTD Hien nay, cong thiic cua tac gia Deutdi Tren CO sd ket qua phan tich phan hgp phan bui, ta xac dinh dugc tong khdi lUgng cua tat ca cac hat bui co cd dudng kinh ldn hdn Y chiem ty le khoi lUdng hgp phan bui tugng Ung ei vcfi hieu suat loc bui can dap iing Day chinh la co sd de xac dinh yeu cau ve dai dudng kinh hat bui can thu loc dUgc buong loc TB LBTD cho dap Ltng hieu suat loc can thiet ke V (^l diioc khuyen cao ap dung tinh toan hiit suat lam viec ciia TB LBTD; , = 1-, S6 4rThan2 4nam2013> xi^^l (3.1) NGHIEN CUfU - TRAO D I Trong dd: 0) - van tdc lang hat bui; L - Chieu dai hflu ich buong loc ; HQ - khodng cdch giiia cdc dien ciic trdi dau ; V ^^ - van toe ddng qua budng loc Vdi dieu kien dp dung quy djnh bdi tdc gid nhfl sau: a) Dfldng kinh hat bui la ddng nhat; b) Van tde lang cua hat bui la khdng ddi theo chi^u dai budng Ipc; c) Ndng dp bui dflpc phdn bd deu; d) tKhdng chdy qua budng loc dang chay tang; e) Van tdc ddng tai cac diem la nhU theo tiet dien ngang Tuy nhi^n, viee chap nhdn dUdng kinh hat bui la ddng nhat tinh todn chUa phan anh dflng tinh chat cua bui thflc te Viec tim kiem phflong phdp tinh todn phu hpp vdi dac tinh thUc te cua bui Id can thiet 3.3 Phflpng phdp tinh toan thong so buong loc TB LBTD Tfl ket qud nghien cUu ve nguyen ly ho^t ddng, tinh chat ly hda cua bui va ddng khi, quy ludt dnh hUdng cua cdc yeu to, den hieu suat Ipc cua thiet bi, nhdm nghien eUu da xay dflng phuong phdp tinh toan thdng sd budng Ipc TBLBTD vdi sU dp dung cdng thUc Deutch, nhflng ed mdt sd khde biet ve dieu ki^n tinh toan vdi muc tieu hoan thien ban nhfl sau: muc 3.2: coi dfldng kinh hat bui la ddng nhat Dieu kien tinh todn de xuat ndy phu hpp va phan dnh dung dac diem cua bui hon vi bui Id tap hpp cac thdnh phan bui cd dfldng kinh khde cd kich thflde tfl 0,1 pm den ldn hon 70 pm - Viec tinh todn van tdc ldng eua hat bui nhdm tdc gid ifla ehpn tinh theo cdng thflc cho hai nhdm bui cd dai kich thflde dfldng kinh < pm vd > pm theo cdc cdng thflc sau: Cdng thflc tinh van tdc lang cua bat bui cd dfldng kinh < 2pm: Cdng thflc tinh van tdc lang cua hat bui cd dfldng kinh > 2pm: 2c^^ Jp j^ (3.5) [5] '• Trong cac cdng thflc (3.4) va (3.5) da phan anh cdc yeu to dnh hfldng den hieu suat Ipc bui cua thiet bi: hdng sd dien mdi eO, cfldng dp dien trfldng budng Ipc E, chi sd dac trUng eho tinh each dien cua hat bui 6, kich thudc ban kinh hat bui r, dp nhdt dpng Iflc eua khdng p (do dnh hfldng cua nhiet dp ddng khi), chieu dai ehuyen dpng tfl trung binh cua phdn tfl S Dai lUpng A cdng thflc (3.4) Id mdt hdng sd, - Cac dieu kien tinh toan cdn lai gifl nguyen theo de xuat cfla tdc gia Deutch (3.3) TU ket qua nghien cflu, nhom tac gia da xay dUng thuat todn tinh toan cac thdng so budng Ipc bui va xay dUng phan mem tinh toan de giup viee thUc hien cdng tdc tinh toan dupc thuan tien hpn Ket qud thudt todn tinh todn da cd sfl tham van cua ehuyen gia hang LBTD Kondor Eco - LB Nga Ddy Id diem khac bi?t so vdi dieu ki?n tinh todn « a » cua tdc gia Deutch trinh bay d Dfldi hinh la hinh anh giao dicii ph.in mem cua nhdm tdc gia xdy dflng - Hieu suat Ipc bui cua thiet bi dflpc tinh todn theo hieu suat rieng phan cua hpp phan bui: TAP CHI CO KHi VIET NAM Sd4(Thang4nam:iM3) NGHIEN cflu - TRAO DPi z\z'iTss.:^^r^" -::::: MB i ^ ô ô " ~ - "ãã = Ê *.*,,« » :_:^ £=E~s Bang dnh loanrantoe lang va hieu SL H-is-jnt.-t'.iu^ifiabiihiaiscni) 89awl I W I * ' » E ™ I •""»• I I "™ I Hin/i Hinh dnh giao dim phdn mem tinh todn cdc thong so buong loc TB LBTD KET LUAN Bdi bao da gidi thieu cdch tiep can, co sd khoa hpe cua viec xdy dUng phuong phap tinh toan thdng sd cau tao budng Ipc bui TB LBTD cd tinh den ddc diem cua bui can thu lang vd cac yeu td dnh hudng khac Vdi sfl trp giup cua phflong phap tinh todn da xay dUng, tinh todn dUpc ede thdng sd sau: cUc phdng cua mpt trfldng, sd trUdng Phuong phdp tinh todn dien trUdng, tinh todn ehu ky go ru bui he thdng dien cUc lang va he thdng dien cflc phdng se dflpc ddng tai d sd bao Ngay nhdn bai: 02/3/2013 Ngay phan bien: 03/4/2013 Ngfldi phan bien: PGS, TS Hoang Van Ggft, Vien Nghien cflu CP khi, Bd Cdng ThUOng Xae dinh dUdng kinh hat bui can thu ldng; Van tdc lang eua tflng bui thdnh phan hpp phan bui; Thdi gian lang can thiet cua dfldng kinh hat bui nho nhat can thu lang; Cac thdng so hinh hoc budng Ipc: khoang cdch gifla cac dien cflc cimg dau; chieu dai hflu ich; tiet dien hflu ich; chieu cao hflu ich; chieu rpng hflu ich; tdng dien tich hflu ich cUc lang, tdng chieu ddi hflu ich eUc phdng, so lupng tam TAP CHI C O KHi VIET NAM V Tai Ueu tham khao: [ 11 EPA's air p o l l u t i o n t r a i n i n g institutes electrostatic precipitaW p l a n review L e s s o n ESP d e s i g n p a r a m e t e r s a n d t h e i r effects on collection efficiency | | A n w e s F.M.A TeKHWKa nbiney/iaBnMBaHMJ! H OIMCTKK npOMbimneHHbix r a s o B M : MeTannyprMH, 1986, - 544 c [3], BepemarHH Vl.U KopoHHbiw paapJifl B annapsnB aneKTpOHHO-HOHHOM lexHonorMH - M L 3HeproaTOMH3flaT, 19»- 160 c | | , neBHTOB B.M., PeoiMflOB M.K, TKaiewKO B.M Map.flbiMoeW 3neTpo4)HnbTpbi - M.: H e p r n H , 1980, - 4 c, [5) y>KOB B.H OiMCTKa npoMbimneHHbix rasW a/ieipoijiMnbTpaMH, - M : X M M H « , 1967 - 344 c [6], HeKanoB H.B SKOTexHWKa - 3amHTa aTMOciJiepHon B03flyxa OT Bbi6pocoB ntiJiH, aspoaojieft w rywaHOB - flpocJiaW M3HaTe;ibCTBO "Pycb», 2004 - 424 c S6 (Thang nam 2013)