NGHIEN Cim - TRAO DOI ^ Ket qua thifc nghiem nghien cufu anh hudng ciia che ilp cong nghe d^nflpnham bP mat gia ciing tren may phay fliPu men s6 CNC (*) TS LAI ANH TUAN (**) ThS HUYNH DUC THUAN (***) ThS NGUYEN THANH TUAN TOM TAT Trong bai bao nay, cac tac gia trinh bay nhO'ng ke't qua dat ddoc dng dung phu'ong phap quy hoach thiic nghiem, cung nhd phan mem MATLAB nghien cdu toi Uu hoa qua trinh cat phay tren may phay dieu khien so LILIAN BM - 5V CNC (Dai Loan) vdi dung cu cua hang Korloy (Han quoc), vat lieu gia cong Thep 45 DAT VAN DE Co rat nhieu yeu Id anh buong den qua trinh phay nhu: ciing viing eua he thdng cdng nghe, ehinh xae eiia may, vat lieu va chat lugng cua phdi gia edng, chat lugng \ a thdng sd hinb bgc cua dung cii eat, che gia cong V, s, t Chung ed anh hudng ldn den cac thdng sd dau la cac ehi lieu vc kinb tc va ky thuat nhu: nang suat, chat lugng va ehinh xac eua be mat, mdn va tudi ben eiia dung eu cat (Hinb 1) I r t " - - ' ' : N' ' i ' , \ i ; V l l : ; M I l-ll V- M ' J N I , M') D M R \ \l Al l l i r : ! M.i> Iiacll.1 leu mii! tifc auk KT Cttt'J IkiJ Cii t (mm) IT't -V "Vil'ti*u Kji.lil>iira> '• Kl Kl Iilliuiii Hliii iLm^ hinh Wr Vl m hiin-'S ii'i *i ; r lui iii«iic RM lih.itn b- in.jL Ctflvta.hbf()».u TttilbcaDtr MOM 1>IJNU riirAT M'li litiny IVI t i t Kr^';tH•^^f: TTi^lig it Uli V * ir, ti T PkvoAf ybtf Aphrc MMiniAI J tiiji{ I'Jdr >; jl "nioi ajar, g i i c / a g Hinh 1: Mo hiiili hoa qua trinh cat pha> Trong dd, cac thdng sd edng nghe qua trinh gia cdng la nhirng dai lugng ed anh huang rat ldn tdi qua trinh gia edng Vdi sii' xuat hien cua cae ma> cdng cu dieu khien sd CNC, eiing cac dung cu eat high speed, cae gia tri hgp ly cua cac thdng so cdng nghe cac bang tra cua cae sd ta> cdng nghe Imyen thdng da tro nen ldi thoi (*) Hoc vien Ky thuat Quan su (•*)Tnrmig Cao dang V1H1:MP1C (***) rnrcnig Cao dang Cong nghiep & Xay dung - Bo Cong thucmg TAP CHi c a KHi VIET NAM V S6 - Tliiing mini 2011 t:^ NGHIEN Ciiu - TRAO OOI Vi vay, viee xac dinh ehe cdng nghe phii hgp gia cdng tren may CNC vdi nbimg trang thiet hi edng nghe mdi nham khai thae het tinh nang cua loai hinh thiet hi edng nghe dat nhu mgt nhiem vu cap bach ddi vdi ngudi lam cdng tae cdng nghe De thuc hien miic tieu tren, nhdm tac gia xin gidi thieu mdt sd ket qua thuc nghiem nghien ciru tdi uu hda qua trinh gia edng tren may CNC bang phuang phap quy hoaeh thuc nghiem vdl ham mue lieu dat chat lugng be mat cao nhat gia cdng md hinh phay bdc tni vat lieu thep C45 bang dao phay hgp kim cua hang Korioy (Han Qudc) nghien ciru anh huong cua cdc thong so cong nghe den ca chdt luang be mat ben, cUng nhu dp chinh xdc kich thuoc (dudng kinh) Tuy nhien, khuon kho co hgn cua bdi bdo, chi xin de cap den anh hucmg cua cdc thong so cong nghe den dp nhdm be mat ddy hoc MO TA HE THONG THI NGHIEM - Thiet hi tbi nghiem + May LILIAN BM - 5V CNC (Hinh 2) Hinh 5: Kich thudc mau thi nghiem Vat lieu phdi: thep C45 - Thiet hi do: May do nham be mat TR200 (hinh 6) vdi eac thdng sd ky thuat chinh dugc the hien bang Hinh 2: May phay LILIAN BM - 5V CNC -I- Dung eii diing cho thuc nghiem: a/Than dao cua hang Korioy: APXT11T312R MM AMS 2020HS (Hinh 3) Hinh 3: Than dao APXT11 T.S 12R MM - AMS 2020HS Hinh 6: May dp nham be mat TR200 b/ Manh ludi cSt eua hang Korioy: NCM 325 (Hinh 4) v'*^/ «y m^ f ' ' ii '^' Hinh 4: Manli luoi cat NCM ,325 - Korioy -I- Mau thi nghiem: (Hinh 5) Clion mdu thi nghiem nhu hinh 5, bai thirc te, cdc ldc gia da thuc hien Vdi muc lieu khao sat anh hudng cua chicu sau cat (I), lugng chay dao (S) va van tde eat (V) den nham be mat day, su dung phuong phap qui hoaeh tnrc giao cap II vao viee nghien ciru thi sd thi nghiem can phai tien hanh theo [1] N = 2*^ -h 2.k -F n„ = 2' -^ 2.3 -H = 15 thi nghiem Dua \ao eac thdng sd ky thuat cua may \ao che dp cat khuy en cao cua hang Korioy cat \ at lieu thep co the xac djnh mien che cat gidi ban nhu bang P?!| TAP CHi c a KHi VIET NAM ****So - Thang nam 2011 r NGHIEN CUU - TRAO OOI Bang 1: Mien che dp cat thuc n ghiem Thdng sd cdng nghe Gidi ban dudi (-a) Mire dudi (-1) Mire trung binh (0) Mire tren (+1) Gidi ban tren (+a) t (mm) 0,246 0,3 0,55 0,8 0,854 S (mm/vg) 0,189 0,2 0,25 0,3 0,311 V (m/ph) 97,85 100 110 120 122,15 Cac bien ^1 X, >^, KET QUA THlTC NGHIEM Dua tren ke hoaeh thirc nghiem da xay dung theo phuang phap quy hoach tnrc giao, nhdm lac gia da lien hanh cac thi nghiem va thu duge eac ket qua trinh bay bang Bang 2: Ma Iran thuc nghiem ND 2'' 2k n Sit Y >^o ^1 ^^2 >^3 x,x -1- - - - -1- -1- -1- 0,27 0,27 0,27 0,3 + -1- - - - - + 0,27 0,27 0.27 0,28 + - -1- - - -1- - 0,27 0,27 0,27 0,49 + -1- + - -1- - - 0,27 0,27 0,27 0.55 •+• - - + -1- - - 0,27 0,27 0,27 0.23 •+• -1- - -1- - -1- - 0,27 0,27 0,27 0,27 •+• - -1- -1- - - -1- 0,27 0,27 0,27 0,61 + -1- -1- -1- -1- + + 0,27 0,27 0.27 0.64 + 1,215 0 0 0,746 -0,73 -0,73 0.42 10 -1- -1,215 0 0 0,746 - 0,73 -0,73 0,36 11 -1- 1,215 0 0 -0,73 0,746 -0,73 0,37 12 -1- -1,215 0 0 -0,73 0,746 -0,73 0,14 13 -1- 0 1,215 0 -0,73 -0,73 0,746 0,37 14 -1- 0 -1,215 0 -0,73 -0,73 0,746 0,35 15 + 0 0 0 -0,73 -0,73 -0,73 0,34 x,X3 X.Xj X.- - 0,73 X,- - 0.73 0,73 Ra(day) XAC DINH HAM HOI QUY HAM MUC TIEU DO NHAM BE MAT DAY H6C TRU Trudc xac dinh ham hdi qui, de phiie vu cho viec kiem tra y nghia eiia cae he sd phuong trinh hoi qui va kiem tra sir tuong thich cua phuong trinh hdi qui vdi thirc nghiem, can linh gia tri phucmg sai tai hien Sj- Muon vay can lam them mdt sd tbi nghiem (m = 4) vdi cac gia tri tai tam phuang an va thu dugc cae ket qua tren bang Bang 3: Gia tri thuc hien lai tam phuang an doi \ di mat day STN t (mm) S (mm/vg) V (m/ph) Ra(day) (^™) 0,55 0,25 110 0,34 0,55 0,25 110 0,32 0,55 0,25 110 0,32 0,55 0,25 110 0,29 0,3175 Gia tri trung binh: • ' TAP CHi c a KHi VIET NAM *** So - Tliang niiiu 2011 t ^ NGHIEN CUU - TRAO OOI Phuang trinh hdi qui cd dang: (1) -^i^v = b, - b,x, + b,x^ + b^x, + b,^x,x, + b„x,x, + b,3X,x, + b,,x,= + b„x,= + b,,-,x,- luu ^ ao lep M-iile de dimg \ e sau Matlab cdn ed giao dien dd hga kha dep mat \ a de su dung Ngudi dimg ed the tinh loan \ a tao nen cac hinh anh dd hga 2, ehieu eho trinh img dung cua minh Sau xae dinh eac he sd eua phuang trinh hdi qui theo [1], kiem tra y nghia cua cae he sd dd theo chuan Student, phuang trinh hdi qui se la: 5.2.1 Khao sat tun cue tri cua hdm hoi qui hdm muc tieu dp nham be mat ddy hoc tru Hay: (2) y^^_ = 0,28026 + 0,136x, ^ 0,036x,x_, -^ 0,079 x,= Chuang trinh de tim cue tieu nham be mat day hdc tru phan mem Mariab ihe hien tren hinh 7: Tiep tiic kiem tra sir tuong thich cua phucmg trinh hdi qui iheo chi lieu Fisher, cd the di den ket luan phuang trinh hdi qui (2) tuang thich cd nghia md hinh toan hgc da xae dinh hoan toan mieu ta dugc ban chat qua trinh day la ea sa khoa hgc cho \'iee nghien euu tdi uu hoa ehe gia cdng 1-1 '•0 c - I-.IGZ-C ^SC'l&^Q.- —: NGHIEN Ciru TOI UtJ HOA CAC THONG SO CONG NGHE 5.1 Phdn tich, lira chpn phuang phdp xir ly ket qud thuc nghiem Hmh 7: Chuong tnnh dm cue tieu nham be mat day hoc tru Chay ehuang tnnh tren phan mem MArL,A.B 7.0 duge ket qua sau (hinh 8): Co nhieu phuang phap de xu ly ket qua thuc nghiem nliu: phuong phap ddc dimg eua Box \ a Wilson, phuong phap xu ly ket qua bang ung diing cac phan mem tinh loan » ^ ' K ,=." - ,»- / "' ^' 5.2 Ung dung phdn mem MATLAB de xir ly kit qud tiiuc nghiem TAP CHi c a KHi VIET NAM V ^ - l ^ n ; l - - « - - - ^ _ J ••-' ^L^ a r r- o a E a - day cac lac gia da su dung phuong phap xu lyket qua bang ung dung eac phan mem tinh toan, cu the la img dung phan mem MATLAB de xu ly ket qua da thue nghiem Matlab la mdt phan mem loan hgc cua hang Malh\\ orks de tinh loan tren cac sd \ a cd tinh true quan rat eao Matlab la \'iet tai eua Matnx Laboratory Matlab cd the lam MCC \ di nhieu kieu dir lieu khac Matlab dimg de giai quyet cac bai loan \ e giai tich sd xu ly tin hieu sd xu ly dd hga ma khdng pbai lap trinh ed dien Hien Matlab co den hang ngan lenh \a ham tien ich Ngoai cac ham cai san chinh ngdn ngii Matlab cdn cd cac lenh \ a ham irng dimg chuy en biet eac Toolbox, de ma rgng mdi trudng Matlab nham giai quy et eac bai toan ihudc eac pham trii neng Cac Toolbox kha quan trgng \ a tien ich cho ngudi dung nhu loan sa cap xu ly lin hieu sd xu ly anh, xu ly am thanh, ma tran thua, logic md, Ngudi diing ciing ed the tao nen cac ham phiie \\\ cho chuy en mdn eua minh .;is, i.:i£ (-1 a3 Hmh 8: Ket qua tmi gia tn cue tieu dp nham be mat day hoc tru Vay nham be mat day hdc tru dat cire tieu la 0.1069 |im khi: X, = -0,0012 x, = -1.2150 i X, = 0,3709 Tir do, eo the tinh duge cae gia In V s I tuang ung: So - Thang nam 2011 f t.f n X, - > t = V, It + ?,, A? 0,0012.0.25-^0.55 = 0,5497 (mm) s-s, :.Y, -> S = \,.AS + S,: AS = 0,18925 (mm/vdng) 1.2150.0,05-^0.25 NGHIEN CUU - TRAO OOI v-v y = x^.AV + Vg=0_370gH)+ AV = 113,709 (m/ph) no b Anh huong cua t, V din dp nlidm hi mat day hoc tni 5.2.2 Phdn tich ket qua nghien cim a Anh hucmg cua V S den dp nhdm be mat ddy hoc tru Tu phuang trinh hdi qui ham muc tieu nham be mat day hoc tru, lay gia tri chieu sau cat (I) ldi uu da tim dugc (t = 0,5497 mm irng vdi x^ = -0,0012), la dugc phuang trinh ve nham be mat day hdc tni phu thudc van tdc cat V va lugng chay dao S nhu sau: (3) y, = 0,280260113 + 0.136x, + 0.036x,x, V ' day ' anh huong cua mng ddng cua he thong cdng nghe (vi luc eat ldn) Til phuang trinh hdi qui ham muc lieu nham be mat day hdc tru lay gia In lugng chay dao S toi uu da lim dugc(S = 0,18925 mm/vg irng vdi x, =-1.2150) ta duge phuang trinh ve nham be mat day hoe tni phu thudc van tdc cat V va ehieu sau cat I nhu sau: ^ 0,11502 - 0.04374X, + 0.079x,= IJng dung phan mem Matiab, ta cd thi 3D chi su phu thudc tren (hinh 10): ting dung phan mem Matlab ed dd thi 3D ehi su phii thude tren (hinh 9): Fie Edif View D a; H # Injett Tool* Desktop Windciw H** 'fe"^'^r^"n[® ^ i D B i • O DO THI Anh huong cua chieu sau cat I va van toe cai V den nham be mat day FJe edit Vtp« Iniett Q 0* B a i h đ^Si^Ođ ;_ô \QB I a a 0 THI Anh huong cua luong chay dao S va van toe cai V den nham be mat day '^=^ SK ' 2(luona chay dao Sl Hinh 9: Anh huong cua lupng chay dao S va van toe cat V den dp nham be mat day Hinh 10: Anh hmmg cua chitiu sau cat t va van toe cat V den nham be mat da\ Lmi y: True x cd ten la x, - lugng chay dao S; true y cd ten la x^ - van ldc cat V; true z cd ten la y - nham be mat dav R Lmt y: True x cd ten la X| - chieu sau cat I; true y cd ten la x,, - van lde cat V; true z cd ten la y - nham be mat day R^ a + Nhan xet: + Nhan xet: Anh huong eua van toe cat va lugng chay dao den nham be mat dugc the hien nhu dd thi tren Lugng chay dao nhd dan den chieu eao nhap nhd le vi be mat thap il anh hudng cua cac yeu td hinh hgc dao Lugng chay dao tang dan den ehieu eao nhap nhd te vi be mat lang nhanh bien dang dan hdi anb buong den sir hinh eac nhap nhd le vi ket hgp vdi anh huong cua eac yeu to hinh hgc eua dao cat Khi lugng chay dao nhd, van tdc cat cang lang dan den nham be mat giam it anh huang eua mirc bien dang deo bien dang dan hdi a be mat gia edng (vi it hoac khdng hinh su leo dao) va it anh huong cua cac yeu to hinh hgc dao Khi lugng chay dao ldn \ an tde cat cang tang dan den nham be mat cang lang Chieu sau cat nho dan den nham be mat lang ludi cat cua dung cii trugt va eao xude len be mat gia edng xay hien tugng cat khdng lien tuc Khi tang chieu sau cat thi nham be mat giam den mdt gia tri nhat dinh Neu tiep tue tang chieu sau cat thi nham be mat lai tang su rung ddng qua trinh cat tang Van toe c^l cang tang dan den nham be mat giam il anh hudng eua mire bien dang deo bien dang dan hoi a be mat gia cdng va il anh huong cua cae \eu id hinh hoe dao c Anh huang cua t S din dp nhdm be mat day hoc tru Tir phuang trinh hoi qui ham muc ticu nham be c ^ TAP CHi c a KHi VIET NAM *l* So - Tliang niim 201 NGHIEN CUU - TRAO OOI mat day hoc tni, lay gia trj van loc cat V tdi uu da lim dugc (V = 111,709 m/ph img vdi x, = 0,3709), ta dugc phuang trinh ve nham be mat day hdc tru phii thudc lugng chay dao S va chieu sau cat t nhu sau: (5) y^^^ = 0,28026 + 0.14935X, + 0,079x,- may, dao, ga kep, khdng thay ddi, ket qua, dugc cac gia tri nhu sau: Bang 4: Cac gia tri kiem nghiem \a kel qua \ R \ Ung dung phan mem Matlab la ed Ihi 3D ehi su phu thudc tren (hinh 11): FJe Ed.1 Vi^/j [nsert rooti [ysktop Wndow ttelp a ^N^m) Mau Lan Gia tri TB Lan Lan cua tirng mau \, 0,08 0,10 0,13 0,10 0,16 0,12 0.15 0,14 -t 0.13 0,12 0,09 0,11 :ii^t^\^^tS, DO THI Anh huong cua chieu sau cat t v3 luunQ chay dao S den nham be mat day Gia tri trung binh 0,117 Gia tri tnmg binh nham be mat day kiem nghiem la: 0,117 Mm = R , , , (2(luong chay dao S) l(chieu sau cat t) Hinh 11: Anh huong cua chieu sau cat t va van toe cat V den dp nham be mat day = 0,1069 pm Vay, ket qua chirng minh su diing dan cua phuang phap nghien ciru KET LUAN Lifu y: Tnie x cd ten la x^ - chieu sau eat I; tnrc y cd Trong bai bao nay, cac tac gia da trinh bay mgt ten la x, - lugng chay dao S; true z ed ten la y - nham phuong phap nghien ciru bang thuc nghiem chinh be mat day R xac gia edng tren may CNC - phuang phap quy hoach + Nhan xet: thuc nghiem ket hgp xir ly ket qua bang phan mem Ket qua tren thi eho thay, anh huang eua lugng MATLAB ling dung phuang phap tren da thu dugc chay dao tdi nham be mat la rat rd Lugng chay dao nhirng ket qua dang tin cay gia cdng md hinh thi nhd dan den ehieu eao nhap nhd te vi be mat thap it nghiem hdc Irii trdn, vat lieu thep 45, vdi he thdng cdng anh hudng eiia cac yeu Id hinh hgc dao Khi tang lugng nghe: may LILIAN BM - 5V CNC (Dai Loan), dao chay dao S thi nham be mat tang bien dang dan hdi phay tni hgp kim eua hang Korioy ket hgp vdi anh huong cua cac thdng sd hinh hgc cua Ket qua nghien cim la ca sd cho viec tdi uu hoa dung cu cat cac thdng sd cdng nghe gia cdng tren cac may CNC Chieu sau cat nhd dan den nham be mat tang, khae