Nghiên cứu xây dựng thuật toán chương trình thiết kế bơm thủy lực cánh gạt tác dụng kép trên máy tính

NGHIEN CtJfU-TRAO Ddi NGHIEN CU'U XAY Dl/NG THUAT T O A N CHU'CXNG T R I N H THIET KE B a M THUY LU'C CANH GAT TAC DUNG KEP TREN M A Y TINH A STUDY OF ALGORITHM AND COMPUTATIONAL PROGRAMMINH FOR DESIGNING DOUBLE ACTING HYDRAULIC VANE PUMP ThS Nguyln Van Lai Bg m6n Ky thuat Ca khi, Tnrong Dai hpc Mo - Dia eh4t, Ha Noi TOIW TAT Bdi bdo ndy trinh bay kit qud ban ddu xdy dung thudt todn tinh todn thiet ke bam thiry luc canh gat tdc dgng kep img diing tren mdy vi tinh Trin ca saphdn tich vd toi uu cdc moi quan hi giira cdc thong so chinh bam, trinh tu thiet ki, lua chgn cdc thong so vd cdc buac tinh todn thiit ki duac thiit lap de xdy dung thudt todn Tren ca sd thuat todn, nguoi thiet ki cd thi su dung nhiiu hgi phdn mem chuyen dung khdc de tinh todn kit qud Kit qud bdi bdo tao ca sa de phdt trien cdc chucmg trinh thiet ki tie dong cho huong nghien cicu thiit ki tu dgng bam cdnh gat, hien dgi hoa qud trinh thiit ke Tir kh6a: Bam cdnh ggt; Kit cdu bam thiry luc; Bam thuy luc cdnh ggt tdc dung kep; Thiet ke tu dgng ABSTRACT The paper presents a result offirst stage in buiding algoritm to calculate and design double acting hydraulic vane pump on computer Based on analysing and optimizing relationships between main parameters, selecton of parameters, flow of calculating and disigning, the algorithm is builded Based on the algorithm, designer can calculate results with many special softwares The results present on paper is a base to build automation progammes of calculation and design for researching double acting hydraulic vane pump, modernizing the calculation and design Keywords: Vane pump, hydraulic pump design, double acting hydraulic vane pump, automation design ^ ISSN 0866 - 7056 TAP CHI CO KHi VIET NAJVl, S6 nam 2015 www.cokhivietnam.vn NGHIEN CUfU TRAO D | - Xay dung bp thong so tinh toan cho bora; - Xay dung chuong trinh tinh toan; - Hi8n thi ket qua tinh toan (k^t qua bSng s6, hinh ve ) l.Dy\TVANDE Bom thuy lire th^ tich noi chung, bom thuy lire canh gat tae dung kep noi rieng, dugc sir dung rong rai cac may va h? th6ng thuy luc (vi du: he thdng lai, bom dku cho dgng PHAN TICH CO S d LY THUYET CO va cac hop giam t6c ) [4], dai thong s6 lam viec ciia bom thuy lire canh gat thirong co Imi 2.1 Phan tich kH cau lugng rieng tir 3,2 - 227 cmVvong, ap sudt tir 6,3 Tren hinh la mot dang ket cSu bom -i- 30 MPa, so vong quay cua true bcrni tir 600 ^ thuy luc canh gat tac dung kep [3] 3000 vong/phiit [3], nirac, cac tai lieu phuc vu nghien cihi, tinh toan thik ki cung nhu san xuat bom thiiy lye canh gat tac dung kep rat han che Ciing vai chuong trinh "phat trien cong nghiep ph\i trg" cua Nha nuoe, viec tinh toan thiet ke, che tao cac chi tiet may, bg phan may dugc dat a muc quan tam cao hon De chu dgng san xudt cac chi tiet va bg phan may noi tren thi bai toan ihik k% phai dugc quan tam dau tien Trong cong nghiep hien dai, viee tinh toan thiet ke sii dung may vi tinh va eae phan mem chuyen diing la mot lua chgn hgp ly Viec img dung co cac im diem noi bat: - Giam thai gian tinh toan thiet ke; - Tu dgng tinh toan thiet ke; - Tu dgng tir tinh toan thiet ke den san xuat che tao Bai bao tap trung phan tich vai tro cua eae thong so thiet ke chinh, moi lien he toan hgc va xay dimg cac buoc tinh toan d8 dua thuat toan co kha nang lap trinh tu dgng hoa cho thiet ke, eu the nhu sau: Hinh • Kit cdu mgt loai bam thiiy lire cdnh g dung kep [3]: I) Ndp, 2vaS) ad; vd 7) Dia phdn phdi; 4) Phan ldm Iren dio phdn phdi 5) Slato 6) Roto; 9) Mai bich, 10) Phdi ldm kin, II) True bam: 12} La xo 13) Khoang irdng; 14) Phdn ldm cira hut tren dia phdn phdi 7, 15)Vdbam 16) Cdnhgai: 17) Id liSl Imi 18) Chdl; 19) Khoang Irdng giUa Slato vd rdio Bom thuy luc canh g^t tae dung kep gom rat nhieu chi tiet hgp de thuc hi?n chiic nang bien doi nang lugng nhan dugc (tir bg phan dan dgng) nang lugng eiia chat long Tir ket cau va nguyen ly hoat dgng ciia bom, ta CO the phan chia cac ehi tiet cau bom nhom: Nhom thu nhdt - Phan tich ket cau va nguyen ly hoat dgng cua bom; - Thiet lap cac mdi qua he va dieu kien tinh toan giua cac thong s6 hinh hge, dgng hge va dgng luc hge timg khu vuc cua bam; Cac chi ti6t tac dpng true tiep den kha nang bien doi nang lugng, hieu qua bien doi nang lugng va ben ciia bam, bao gom: Stalo, roto, canh gat, dia phan phoi ISSN 0866 - 7056 TAP CHI CO KHi VIET NAM, S6 nam 2015 www.cokhivietnam.vn NGHIEN CllfU-TRA0D6l Nhom thii- hai Cac chi ti6t dugc tieu chuin hoa (6 da, 16x0, cac chi X\k va bg phan lam kin) va cac chi tiet dugc tinh toan theo tieu chuin eo (true, then, mat bich) quan he van t6c trung binh dong chay v ciia hut ciia bam vdi cac thong so ciia bam sau bien doi va nit ggn [1]: (i).B.(R-r)(R + r ) V < v„„ = 4a Cac chi ti8t nhom thii hai dugc tinh toan ya lira chgn tir kdt qua tinh toan cac thong so, so lirgng chi \\k nhom nhit Do cac thong so ciia cac chi ti8t nhom thu nhit dugc lira chgn lam cac thong s6 chinh cua bam 2.2 Ph3n tich cac thong so chinh cua bom \^ , /(R-0,(R-r)= ° (1) 2'0 Trong do: R - Ban kinh Ion cua stato; r - Ban kinh nho ciia stato; B - Chi6u dai ciia roto (thuang chieu dai roto bang chieu rgng canh gat); a - Goe 6m ciia hiit; (o - Van t6c goc; r^ - Banh kinh roto Thong so kich thuoc, hinh dang hinh Theo (1) thi kich thuac bom khong qua hgc, s6 lugng cac ehi tiet canh gat, stato, roto, dia phan phoi dugc tinh toan thi6t kk tren ca sa Ion luu lugng tuong doi Ion nguyen ly hoat dgng, cac moi quan he giiia cac Ngoai ra, de dam bao yeu cau ve giam thong so thuy lire va thong so hinh hgc cua cac ehi tiet Mot so thong so chinh dugc trinh bay tac dgng xam thuc tai cua hiit, theo [4], van hinh toe lan nhat tai ciia hiit v^^ < 13,6 m/s Quan he giQa cac thong so chinh dugc toi uu hoa theo cac muc tieu xac dinh va phan xet cac quan he theo chieu hoat dpng cua bam tir hiit den day chat long 2.7.2 Quan he giira cdc thong so qud trinh ^y cua bffm Tir quan he giiia cac thong so qua trinh day ciia bom, ta co the tinh toan eae thong so cua stato, roto, canh gat va dTa phan phoi Cac thong so quyet djnh ve lugng chat long chay qua bam, chat lugng luu lirgng, hieu sudt luu lugng, ben (tuoi tho) ciia bam Lim lugng rieng cua bam q duoc xac dinh [1;2]: q = 2B{R L cosC (2) Hinh 2- Sadd tinh mdt sd thdng so ciia bam [2] Trong do: 2.1.1 Quan he giva cdc thong so & cua hut Trong tinh toan thiet Ice bom, lira chon b - Do day canh gat; z- So canh gat; t, - Goc nghieng ciia canh gat Q TAP CHi CO KHi VIET NAM, S6 nam 2015 www.cokhivietnam.vn NGHIEN CUfU-TRAODOI Ban kinh Ion ciia stato, sau bidn d6i va nit gpn theo cae thong so dieu chinh [2]: R= k-i} q ^ ^^_ _ ^ (3) V I " kk,J , J [' (^ lc,jk,ccsi; lcjk,ccsi; co the xay cac truong hgp: R qua lan, ban kinh roto rO nho, dp dai canh gat I nho nen kich thuoc bom lan va co the canh gat co the rai ngoai roto quay den vi tri co ban kinh Ion Do do, tinh toan thiet ke thuang Trong do: chpn ty s6 < kj = — ^ 1,25 R R Hesok, = —; hesdk^ 'B' Mat Idiac, ciing can chii y den ty s6 Ban kinh nho ciia stato: r,, = r - A r (4) Chieu dai roto: R- ^ (R-r|7r(R-Hr) bz ] "cosi;J (5) B Q dai canh gat [2]: = 1, + Ij hoac I, = Ij kj (6) kj = -p Neu ty so k^ = — Ion, tuc la phin canh 1; Ij gat nam ngoai roto lan, ap lire tac dung len canh gat lorn, do anh huong den dp b6n ciia bam Trong nhieu truang hgp, chgn k3 = -^ < 0,9 • R ^ He sok; - — thuang duge chgn tir 0,25 B den 2,5 de dam bao cho kich thuac cua bam khong qua lan hoac roto khong qua "mong" 2.3 C^c bu-dc chinh cjin tinh toan Trong do: Tir cac quan h? (1) d6n (7) dugc da xae I, - Do dai canh gat nim ngoai roto- ^i^h^^?': 4G THUAT TOAN Thong so dau vao Tren ca so phan tich va eae buoc tinh toan h-ong muc 2.3, ta co thg xay dung mgt thuat toan tinh eae thong so chinh ciia bom nhu hinh f Bat diu j CSc th6ng sd dau vao q, p, n, ^Q - Ciic thong so di€ti •hinh kh, kih kii, a, ' - Cac quan h?' (2) (3) C4),(5),(6).{7).- Liru lugng rieng q = 10 cmV vong Ap suat lam viec: p = 10 Mpa So vong quay tnic bom: n=1500v/ph Hieu suat Imi iuong: 11,-0.95 Ket qua tinh toin Ban kinh Ion cita stato: R - , 8 mm Ban kinh nho ciia stato: r = 16,840 mm Ban kinh roto: r,, = 15,84 mm Do dai roto: B = 9,6 mm Dp dai ],= 4,042 mm Thdng s6di^u chinh He so k| = R/B = Hes6k^ = R / r = l , He so k - 11/12 = 0,8 Luang dy triJ ban kinh: Ar= ! mm Chieu day canh gat: b = mm So canh gat: z = canh Goc nghieng ciia canh gat: Do dai 1, - 5,052 mm Do dai canh gat: = 9,094 mm Goc giira hai canh gat ke nhau: p = 45" C-e" Goc 6m cua dia phan phoi: a ^16" KET LUAN K^t qua tinh toan: R r, ro B, I b a , x- • r I Kit thuc J Hmh 3: Sa dd khdi thudt todn Bai bao da trinh bay ket qua ve viec phan tich quan he giira cac thong so chinh cua bam da dugc t6i uu hoa, tu dua thuat toan thiet kk nham tu dgng hoa thiet ke bam tren may tinh Ket qua ehinh g6m: - Xay dung dugc mgt buac tu dgng hoa tinh toan thiet ke bom Da the nghiem bang kk qua lap uinh de dang vai ngon ngir don gian la Excel "^ ISSN 0866 - 7056 TAP CHI CO KHf VIET NAM, S6 nam 2015 www.cokhivietnam.vn NGHIEN CUTU-TRAO Ddi - Co th^ su dung nhilu phSn mhm khac de tinh toan ket qua Trong tinh toan thi8t ki bam thuy luc canh gat tac dung kep co rihieu thong sd digu chinh (caches6k|,kj, IC3, z, ) va dai dieu chinh rgng, do vai mgt thong so ban dau eo th8 co nhik kk qua khac Di6u gay kho khan cho viec quyet dinh chgn ket qua thiet ke nao la hc^ ly Do do, huong phat trien cho cac nghien cuu tiep theo la tiep tuc xay dung cac thuSt toan v6 tinh toan t6i uu thuy lire d6 so sanh, lira chgn ket qua mo phong toi uu Khi da co kSt qua t6i im, ket noi vai cac phan tinh toan tu dgng ve eo nhu tinh true bam, tinh toan va lira chgn da true bom, va ket noi vai may gia cong che tao san xuat bom man Do do, giam so lugng bcmi mhi can phai san xuat va co the chgn dugc nhieu bam mau theo cac yeu cau ky thuat khac voi mgt thSng s6 dau vao • Ngay nhan bai: 15/02/2015 Ngay phan bien: 09/3/2015 T^i iiSu tham khao: [1] I D Daitrenko - L M Muslebski; Bam vd dgng ca thuy luc cdnh ggt, NXB Chg tao may- Matxcova -1970 (tieng Nga) [2] V.IU Kpuglov va D.V Bagaev, Tinh todn cdc thdng sd ciia mdy thuy luc thi tich; Kovpov K]TA- 2005 (Sach Giao khoa - tieng Nga) [3] V K Svesnikop, Truyin dgng thuy luc cdc mdy, NXB Chg tao may, Matxcova - 2008 (s6 tay tiSng Nga) [4] Steffen Hain-Wurtenberger - Simulation of cativating flow in vane pumps - Frankfiirt - Cgng hoa lien bang Diic - 2007 (tap chi tiing Anh) ISSN 0866 - 7056 TAP CHI CO KHf VIET NAM, S6 nam 2015 www.cokhivietnam.vn