Thiết kế thiết bị bóc tách hạt điều

NGHIEN CU'U-TRAO06l THI^T K^ THI^T Bj BOC TACH HAT DlfiU J DESIGN OF CASHEW PEELLING MACHINE iv4n Doan Stfn', Thai Viln Binh^ 'Trudng Dai hpc Bdch khoa TP Hd Chi Minh ^Cdng ty Robert Bosch Engineering Vietnam T6MTAT Diiu Id cdy cpng nghigp quan trgng tr nu&c ta dy, nhdn hgt diiu Id sdn phdrn co gid trf rdt l&n vi kinh te Hipn nc^, Vipt Nam xudt khdu nhdn hgt dieu dung ddu thi gi&i vi so lugng, cSng nhu kim nggch Vi vgy, phdt trien cong nghippchi biin hgt dieiild mgt nhiing nhiem vu quan trgng cda ddt nu&c Hign hdu hit cdc khdu qui trtnh chi bien hgt diiu dd dugc ca hoa vd tyr dgng hoa; nhien, vi^c tu dqng hoa cdc cong dogn chua dortg bg vd tuoi thg cda cdc linh kipn cQng nhu thiet bf thdp, dg on dfnh van hdnh cua cdc thiit bi chua cao, dgc bipt Id thiit bf boc tdch vo cirng Di tdng^ miic dg tin cdy ding nhu tuoi thg ldm viic cua thiit bf, chung tdi giai thipu mgt thiet ke m&i nhdm hodn thipn thiit bf boc tdch vo cimg hgt dieu Tfr Ichda: Hgt diiu, vo hgt dieu; Mdy tdch vo hgt diiu ABSTRACT Cashew tree is imporlantindustrial in our country with cashew nut is a product with high nutrients, plc^ an important role and top of export Therefore, cashew manufacturing is one of the important process of the value chain Consequently, the cashew manufactured processresearch is currently focus strongly in order to reduce as much as possible the cost of production and the productivity Nowadc^s most ofsub-process inftill automated cashew process have been successfiilly applied in the practical production However, the automation of procedure is still facing many difficulties For example, how to split cashew nut and shell effectively This paper will propose another design solution that can resolve the current problem Keywords: Cosher, Cashew Peel, Cashew Peeling Machine T N G Q U A N trinh tdng trudng dupc bilu thj qua bifiu dd hinh l.[3],[4] 1.1 Ndng \\K sdn xuSt hat dieu xuat khau Vift Nam Theo Hi?p hpi Dieu Vi?t Nam, kim nggch xudt khdu hgt difiu ciia nudc ta tir 846,68 tri?u USD ndm 2009, dd tang len ty USD vdo ndm 2014, vd la mpt nhihig nudc dung ddu vfi xudt khdu nhanhgt difiu hi?n Qud Kkn ogvcfa xuit khiu qua cic nAm (USD) •III! I 1009 »10 Hmh Kim nggch xudt khdu hgt diiu qua cdc ndm ISSN 0866 - 7056 TAP CHf CO KHf V I £ T NAM, Sd ndm www.cokhivietnam.vn 2016 NGHieNCO'U-TRA0 06l 1.2 Thiet bi bdc tich vo cirng Trong qui trinli cong nghe che bien hat dieu, tach nhan Ichoi vo cimg la mpt cong d o ^ quan trpng Chjt luong va ning suit phu thuoc rit nhiSu vao cong doan Hien nay, tren the gidi CO nhting phuong phap nhu sau: /.ZA Phinmg phdp Ihu cong H?t aiu sau da dupc xii ly nhiet (ddt, chao diu ho?c hip) se dupc chuyin sang cong do?n tach vo Phuang phap thu cong, bao gflm nhiing phutmg phip nhu tach bSng bua dap, tdch bJng dao chep hinh thao tac bJng tay va chan V6 h^it iiin sau Ichi da dupc che ra, ngudi cong nhan cdn phai diing mot dao ii tach nhan Ichdi vd Nhupe diim ctia phuang phip li ning suit thip, cudng lao dpng n^g nhpc, de xiy ta tai n ^ , mdi trudng lam vi?c dpc h^i (do tiep xtic tr\rc tiep nhua vd hgt cdn sdt Igi tren vd) vd hat diiu ban tv dpng lim vi$c theo nhihig nguyen ly khic nhau, mpt nhihig phuong phip dupc quan tam nhiiu la phuong phip phay chep hinh Hat dieu dupc ming rung dira tir phk cip li^u vao giita khoang trdng giQa dai, A day, hat diiu dupc dinh vj nhd dai cd tiit difti V (theo nguyen ly dinh vj bing khdi V) Nhd luc ma sit ciia dai (va gai kim logi-tiiy theo logi dai sir dung) gin tren dai vdi vd hgt diiu mi hgt diiu dupc gio ch^t giua dai, tgo diiu ki$n de dang cho qui trinh cit Dai se vgn chuyin hgt diiu tdi ving cSt nim giira luai dao phay chep hhih (!) diy, nhd cd cQ nim tren dao ludn tiip xiic vdi vd hgt diiu ma dao phay chi cit vao vd theomOt d$ siu xdc dinh vi khdng phgm vio nhin So d6 nguySn ly chinh cCia miy theo hinh Tuy nhidn, mdy v^ tdn tai khuyet diim gii thinh tuong ddi cao, 1.2.2 Phmmg phap bdn ttf dpng — Tdch vd CO cau miy phirc tgp, hgt dieu phii dupc phdn logi theo kich cd ddng deu, xu ly chao diu trudc theo phinmg phdp phay chep hinh cit, diu diiu dinh vao bing tii lim dl trapt cat Tren thi gidi hi?n cd mpt sd thiit bi tich Win* Nguyen ly cdt vd bdng phuang phdp phay chep hinh THifiT KE THIET Bj BOC TACH VO CillVGH^iTDlEU 2.1.Nguy£n ly Tir nhirng nhupe diim va gidi hgn cua nhihig phuang an trudc, chung tdi xin di xuat thiit ki miy cit, tich hgt diiu tjnh tiin cudng biic vdi ning suit 200kg/h Miy dupc chia bp phgn chinh: Bd phan cip li^u, bp ph$n truyin tii hgt diiu vi ISSN 0866-7056 TAP CHl CO KHl V I T NAM, Sd nim www.cokhivietnam.vn 2016 NGHieN CLfU-TRAO OOl bp phan cdt va tdch • BQ phan ca^ li^u, bao gdm: Phfiu cap Ueu chinh, sd lupng hgt difiu sfi ducrc cdng nhan cap vdo phfiu ndy, rdi di xudng bdng tai mang hat difiu, sau dd, bdng tdi sfi mang hat difiu roi vdo pheu ben dudi (hinh 3) T H i i T K £ T H i t T BJ BOC TACH VO CtTNG HAT DIEU khdng trupt vao dao cdt tren vd dudi (4) de cdt vd hat difiu vd I bd dao tdch cr cudi bp phgn (5) theo nguyen ly tdch bdng chfim (hinh 4) Hinh Nguyen ly cdt dp lyre 2.1 NguySn 1^ 2.2 Tinh toan Tu nhihig nhupe difim vd gidi h ^ ciia nhihig phuong dn trudc, chung tdi xin dfi xudt thifit kfi mdy cdt^ tach hat difiu tinh tifin cudng buc vdi ndng sudt 200kg/h 2.2.1 Tinh todn dgng hgc Mdy dupc chia thdnh bp phan chinh: Bp phgn cap li^u, bp phan truyfin tdi hat difiu vd b$ phĐn cdt va tach ã Bp phdn cap lieu, bao g6m: Phfiu cdp li^u chinh, sd lupng hgt dieu sfi dupc cdng nhdn cdp vdo pheu ndy, rdi di xudng bdng tdi mang hat difiu, sau dd, bdng tdi sfi mang hat difiu roi vdo pheu ben dudi (hmh 3) ' Bp phdn truyen tdi hat difiu, bao gdm: Bdng tai xich cd nhi^m v\i mang cdc hgt difiu dupc roi dinh hudng tii pheu bfin dudi cua bp phgn cdp li^u dfi mang hgt difiu tdi cdc dan hudng V, rdi ddn hudng hgt difiu tdi bp ph§n dao cdt vd tdch (hinh 3) Hmh Sa nguyen ly dpng hpc DCmg nhung cdng thiic sau ddy dfi tim sd vdng va vgn tdc v^: rr 2tr \ ^ CO* T= = —\V = Q}K\ = 0) n 0) R' Vdi yfiu cdu thifit kfi cho mdy Id gid s ^ xudt 200kg,^ moi ky la 200 hat, theo thifit kfi may mong mudn, ta sfi cd vgn tdc bdng xich ciia bp phgn truyen tdi hgt difiu v, = 1.450 mm/s (hinh 5) Ta cd cdc thong sd ban kfnh banh xich: Rl = SOmm; R2 = lOOmm; R3 = 100mm; R4 = Hinh Bpphgn cdp lipu vd truyen tdi hgt dieuSOmm; R5 = 25mm; R6 = SOmm; R7 = 50mm; R8 = 25nun; R9 = lOOnrun; RIO = SOmm; Rl Bp phgn dao cdt va tdch, bao gdm: = 50mm dan hudng trfin yd dudi (2) dl ddn Ta sfi tim dupc n^ = n3= 1^= 2.3 vdng/s; hudng hgt difiu dt theo chifiu dpc cua hat difiu (1), ddy (3) dupc ddn dOng bdng xich sfi n, = 4.6 vdng/s; n^ = ng= n, = n^ = 4.6 vdng/s; n^ ddy hgt difiu chuyin dpng tinh tifin cudng buc = n,j,= n,, = 1.1S vdng/s ISSN 0866-7056 TAP CHf CO KHf Vier NAM, Sd ndm 2016 www.cokhivietnam.vn ^^ stti- c oa o e c a ttf S " -c ap f ;Đã O S- ã= ô Ê ãs So > Đããô M > -^ % D x : J3 :K"'''''1, !2 § | -3 f O C c ^ •3 o "D