KHOA HQC - CONG NGHE: Q Lcfi toa soan Nhdng ndm qua, cdc ddn vi trUc tiep sdn xudt,kinh doanh vd qudn ly lUdi didn trUc thugc EVN dd khdng ngdng phdt huy tinh sdng tao, hoc hoi vd nghien cdu bdng logt cdc sdng kien cdi tiin khoa hgc kjf thudt qudn If vdn hdnh dUdng ddy, trgm biin dp nhdm ddm bdo cung cdp dien an todn, hiiu qud cho kbdch hdng sddung diin Nhdng sdng kiin cdi tiin ky thudt dd Idm lai cho ngdnh dien vd Nhd nddc hdng ngdn t! ddng Tgp chi Dien vd Ddi sdng xin dUdc trich ddng nhdng sdng kiin tiiu bieu tren chuyin muc Khoa hgc cdng nghi Do ddc tuyen dien ttd ddng SU can thiet cho bao duong may c^t dien cao the Phan Bdn Thien Mpt nh&ng gidi phdp deddnh gid dtfpc chdt Ittong bp tiep diem ho quang md khong cdn phdi md khoang cdt id phep ddc tuyen dien trd dpng, chdn dodn chuyen sdu cdc mdy cdt cao the Ket qud ddc tuyen dien trd dpng Id mpt nhihig co sd quan trpng quyet djnh bdo dtfdng cd dieu kien cdc mdy cdt dien cao dp vd sieu cao dp I Dat van de: Cic may cat d i f n eao dp va silu cao dp d i p hd quang bang khf SF6 dang sfl dyng vdi cap d i l n dp 110 kV trd len h i u h i t d i u cd bd tiep d i l m song song cung van hanh gdm t i l p d i l m chfnh v i t i l p d i l m hd quang Moi loai t i l p d i l m cd cau tao, t h i l t ke vd nhdng chdc ndng khic qud trinh ddng hodc c i t mdy cit Cie t i l p diem hd quang ed vai trd rat quan trpng nen phai dupe kiem tra thudng xuyin, phat h i l n kjp thdi cdc k h u y l t t i t de cd k l hoach b i o dudng, xd ly hoae thay t h i kjp thdi d i m bdo ddng cat ddng tai, ddng vdo diem sU cd (ngan maeh) hodc e i t ddng ngan maeh tren ludi d i l n khdng gay sued hay ehiy nd khoang eat Mudn danh g i i dupe ehat lflpng bd t i l p diem hd quang can phii md khoang eat, nhflng ddi hdi ehi phf rat ldn phai eat dien thdi gian dai, t h i o lap va xfl ly eic san pham thfl cap efla khfSF6 cung rat phflc tap Mdt nhdng giii phap de danh g i i dfloc ehat Iflpng bd t i l p diem hd quang m i khdng can phii md khoang cat la phep die tuyen difn trd ddng, chan doan chuyen siu cie m i y eit eao the Ket qud dde tuyen d i l n trd dpng la mdt nhflng cO sd quan trpng quyet djnh bao dfldng ed dieu k i l n cae m i y cat dien eao dp vd sieu cao dp II- Cau tao, cong dung va qua trinh lam viec cDa cac tiep diem khoang cat 1- Cdu tgo, cong dung cdc logi tiep diim khoang cat - Tiep diem ehinh dupc ma bae hoie bang bac cd d i f n trd thap, dupe t h i l t ke bang v i t lifu chju sU t i n g nhiet dot ngdt kem hon rat nhilu so vdi tie'p diem hd quang, tiep diem chfnhedtdedungkhimayeitdaddng, mang phu t i i van hanh binh thudng - Tilp diem ho quang lam bang v i t lieu chju tang nhiet dot bien Idn va ed diem ndng ehiy eao nhu WolframCopper dflng cd tae dung dap ho quang eat hodc ddng phu tdi hoae ddng ngan maeh Lue do, tiep ffien Jk ff&i songl \j E] KHOA HQC - CONG NGHE diem se ddng vdo dau tien qua trinh ddng v i edt cudi cung qud trinh cat ddng t i i hoae ddng sy -Ddi vdl cic mdycat SOOkV, ngoai khoang eat chinh edn cd them eie khoang phu: Khoang dien trd ddng trudc CO tiep diem difn trd d l han ehe dao ddng q u i d i f n i p ddng m i y cat vao dudng d i y sieu eao ap dai luc khdng tdi va khoang ty phan i p dung d l chia d i u dien ap tren cic khoang may eat eat va han e h i tde dd phye hdi d i f n i p b- Doi vdi MC nhieu khoang cdt Cac may c i t 500 kV thudng cd tfl d i n khoang cat eho pha cd so dd dien tuong duang nhu hinh ve dfldi (hinh 3) Hinh 3: Sddo tddng duong mdy cat cd khoang cdt trin pha l : T i l p diem ehinh MC;2:Tiep d i l m hd quang; 3:Tilp diem d i l n trd; 4: Tu phan ap c Odi vdi MC ed hoae khoang c i t cau tao van gidng nhu tren chf bdt sd khoang hoae cd loai khdng cd tiep diem dien trd 3- Qud trinh Idm viec vd chdc ndng cua cdc tiep diem khoang cdt Hinh 1: Cdu tgo bin khoang cat llOicV 2- Sa md phdng tUdng dUc/ng ve phdn dien cdc logi tiep diem khoang cdt Trong qua trinh eat bode ddng t i i , ddng sued ehuyen dan tfl t i l p diem chfnh qua tiep diem hd quang hoae theo ehilu ngUde lai Cd t h i md phdng tfldng dudng eic loai t i l p d i l m khoang cat v l phan dien nhu sau: a- Boi vdi mdy c6t cd khoang cdt: Cae may cat 110 kV, 220 kV thudng ehi cd khoang eat eho pha cd so dd dien tuang dUOng nhuhlnh ve dUdi (hinh 2) Hinh 4: Qud trinh cot cda khoang cat 110 kV-ABB Thfl t y lam viec cae t i l p diem khoang eat miy eat nhfl sau: ? - Boi vdi mdy cat 110- 220 kV: a- Khi may e i t ddng: Tiep d i l m hd quang ddng trude de dap hd quang rdi d i n tiep d i l m ehfnh ddng de mang tdi van hanh b- Khi may e i t e k : T i l p diem ehinh cat trude, ddng tai ehuyen qua t i l p diem hd quang 2, rdi d i n t i l p diem hd quang eat cd l i p may cat, hd quang dugc d i p tat tiep diem ho quang I: Tidp diam chinh MC 2: Tiap diem hd quang MC Hinh 2: So tuong duong khoang cdt 18 I ffien & ff&i song 3.2- Doi vdl mdy cat 500 kV: a- Khi may c k ddng:Tilp diem dien trd ddng trflde, d i n tiep diem hd quang ddng de dap hd quang rdi din tiep diem chfnh ddng de mang ddng t i i van hanh KHOA HQC - CONG NGHE Q b- Khi m i y cat cit: + Loai m i y eat ed tiep diem d i f n trd tham gia v i o qua trinh c k (kieu FX-32D, 3AP5FI ): t i l p diem dien trd cat trude, den t i l p diem ehfnh c i t Ifle ndy ddng t i i chuyin qua tiep diem hd quang 2, rdi d i n t i l p d i l m ho quang c k cd ldp m i y cit, hd quang dflpc dap t k t i l p d i l m hd quang + Loai mdy c k cd t i l p d i l m difn difn trd khdng tham gia vao qua trinh e k (kieu 550 MHMe-4Y, t i l p diem dien trd dd c k lai t i l p diem m i y c^t ddng): Tilp diem chfnh c k lue ddng t i i ehuyen qua tiep diem hd quang 2, rdi d i n t i l p diem ho quang c i t ed l i p m i y cat, hd quang dugc dap t k t i l p diem hd quang Tiip Oiim cQ R5, laiin hu hgi Mdnnht M6nn$ng Huhong Hinh 5: Cdc tiep diem ho quang bi ro, mon vd chdy Ill- Nhiimg su c^ b^t thudng n i m ngoai pham vi danh g\A cda cac hang muc thi nghifm th&ng thucfng cua may cit - Cde hang muc thf nghifm miy eit hien dang i p dung tai cic don vj nhU: Chup sdng thdi gian hoat ddng mdy cat, d i f n trd tiep xfle, kiem tra chdc n i n g p h i n d i l n , kilm tra phan truyin ddng ca, kilm tra SF6 de ddnh g i i tdng quan mdt mdy cat van h i n h binh thudng hay khdng - d mdt gdc dp nao dd cac k i t q u i khdng du cd sd tin eay de ehan d o i n sau eie ehi tiet eua mdy eat Cd nhdng true t r i e bat thudng tren cac t i l p diem hd quang m i cae hang muc t h i nghifm may c i t thdng thudng ehi ed the p h i t h i l n dflpc cie true t r i e da Idn d giai doan eudi, edn cic giai doan trudc thi h i u h i t khdng phdt h i l n dugc de cd ke hoach thay the bao dfldng phii hop Ddi vdi cdc true t r i e can hang mue ehan dodn chuyen sau ban nhu hang myc d i e tuyen d i f n trd ddng may eat Hinh 6: Tiep diem ho quang ddng bi lich tdm va tiep diem ho quang tinh bihuhal - Hang mue dde tuyen d i f n trd ddng may e k cd the tim dupc ede true trie eae khoang cat nhusau: (xem eu the d cdc hinh i n h thuc te di kem) 1- Cdc true trie bat thudng tai cic d i l m t i c h eudi eung hoae t i l p xfle dau tien ciia cie t i l p diem hd quang (hinh 5,6) 2- Dp an mdn eua cdc t i l p d i l m hd quang v i t i l p diem chfnh may eat vfldt q u i mfle thdng thfldng hay tdi mUc di thfldng ma khdng c i n md khoang c i t (hinh 5) 3- Tilp diem ddng va t i l p diem tinh cfla may cat khdng thSng hang (Ifch tim), eae tiep diem hd quang boat ddng khdng dUpe tron tru (hinh 6) 4- Chat lupng t i l p xuc efla eic t i l p diem hd quang xau q u i trinh eat sU ed ngan maeh hoae e k ddng tai van hanh Odi vdi m i y e k SF6, eie sin pham thfl cap cfla khf SF6 sinh tren m i t tiep diem l i m gidm chat lfldng tiep xfle cfla eae tiep diem hd quang (xem hinh 5,7) Hinh 7: Chdt luang tiep xitc cua cdc tiep diem ho quang xdu cdc san pham thd cdp cua khiSF6 sinh trin mat tiep diem Idm giam chdt Iwgng tiep xuc cua cdc tiep diem ho quang IV- Dac tuyen dien trd dong 1- Dgc tuyin diin trd dpng cdc tii'p diem mdy cdt cao the - Khi d i f n trd tiep xue, chi ed the dfloc dien trd tiep diem chfnh d trang thai tinh MC da ddng, cdn t i l p d i l m hd quang dd bi ndi tat khdng danh gid dflpc ffien Jk ff&i songl ^g S KHOA HOC - CONG NGHE Co nhflng trudng hdp, t i l p diem hd quang da bj hdng, nhung dien trd t i l p xfle van tdt, dan den t h i l u sdt danh gia mfle dp van hdnh an toan cua mdy cat dd ehfnh xic cao hon, tin hieu dien i p va ddng dfla vdo may phan tfch cao han, han che dflpc eic tfn hifu nhieu khdng mong mudn, anh hfldng den k i t qua - Phep die tfnh difn trd ddng ehinh la difn trd t i l p xue, nhflng dieu khae biet d d i y Id die tuyin dien trd tiep xiic cua t i l p diem ddng va t i l p diem tmh theo hanh trinh (hoae thdi gian) hoat ddng eua m i y eat, dien trd duoc va so sanh theo thdi gian xuyen sudt toan bd qua trinh ddng hodc cat eiia m i y eat vd k i t q u i Id mdt thi die tfnh difn trd ddng theo thdi gian hoae theo hanh trinh cat hoae dong efla mdy cat: Rddng = F (hanh trinh hoae thdi gian) Quan he gida dien trd ddng vdi hanh trinh hoae thdi gian t u i n theo dang ham sd vdi biln sd la dien trd ddng va hdnh trinh hoae thdi gian - Cd the dde tfnh d i f n trd ddng ddi vdi ei hai thao t i e ddng va cat Tuy nhien, thudng v i danh gia qua trinh eat, tdt nhat la d toe dp cat thap (nlu MC ed ehflc nang thao t i c eham) - Cach do ft sfl dyng hon ddi vdi qud trinh ddng phan truyin dpng cp khdng on dinh bang qud trinh cat thfldng cd eie rung ddng nhd gay nen eic sai sd khdng can t h i l t tren die tinh, hon nfla sy qua ddng mdt ehilu tai thdi diem t i l p diem hd quang tiep xuc tao eic mfle nhieu khdng mong mudn, khdng quan sit dupe rd net sU thay doi difn trd tren die tfnh 2- Tdm quan trgng cua phep ddc tuyen dien trd dpng - Blnh thudng gia trj dien trd t i l p xuc ehi danh gid dfldc t i l p d i l m ehinh chju ddng t i i blnh thfldng d trang t h i i tmh, hang myc chfla danh gid dfldc trinh trang cha't lUdng t i l p d i l m hd quang, nhung dp an mdn ehu y l u efla t i l p diem mdy e k lat xiy tren t i l p d i l m hd quang nhiet va nang Ifldng dfldc sinh bdi ho quang moi lan thao t i e ddng va eat may c k Tiep diem hd quang se bj an mdn theo thdi gian cat ddng ngan maeh, cat ddng tai - Nlu t i l p diem hd quang q u i n g i n hoie trinh trang xau, mdy eat hoat ddng khdng tin eay, g i i m dung lupng cat sfl cd mdy c k , be mat tiep diem ehinh bj hfly hoai bdi hd quang qua nhiet, dien trd tiep xfle t i l p diem hd quang tang, trUdng hdp xau hdn se gay nd khoang ek - Hang muc difn trd ddng la hang muc ehlnh kiem tra cic t i l p diem dap hd quang m i y cat vd cho phep xae djnh mdt cich rd rang hon hien trang xdy khoang eat may e k ma cac hang muc thf nghiem khie khdng the hifn rd hoae khdng tim true trae, khuyet t i t t r i n bd tiep diem hd quang 3- Nguyen ly vd nhCmg vdn de cdn luu y thdc hien: - Nguyen ly ehung la bom ddng DC va dien ap rai tren eye khoang e k thao t i e eat hoae ddng, tfl dac tuyen difn trd ddng dfldc xae djnh theo Dinh luat Om - Tfnh toan dien trd theo thdi gian hoae theo hanh trinh may e k nhd cae t h i l t bi phan tieh chup sdng vd mdt so phu kien lap them Yeu cau t h i l t bj phai ed dp nhay cao, phan dnh ehinh xae qud trinh qua dp chuyen trang thai cfla cae t i l p diem ehinh va t i l p d i l m hd quang thdi gian ngin tren die tuyen - Ddng difn phal ldn de ed p h i n giai tdt, trdnh rung euc bd efla tiep diem tren dd thj, d i m bao lay duoc die tuyen dien trd ddng sach, chfnh xae, tin eay, thfldng ddng > 100A d i n 1000A, ddng Idn phdn anh gan vdi thfle t l van hanh hon Khi ddng eao cap cd 20 \ ffien Jk ff&i song V- Cac thong so chii yeu can xac dinh Cac thdng so can thiit : - Do dae tuyin d i f n trd ddng k i t hpp vdl hdnh trinh t i l p diem ddng d l xac djnh (chan doan) dupe thdng sd y l u sau: + Dae t u y i n dien trd t i l p xuc tiep diem ehinh + Die t u y i n dien trd tiep xuc tiep diem hd quang + Chieu ddi va thdi gian tiep diem ehinh + Chieu ddi vd thdi gian tiep diem hd quang -H Vi tri tiep xue tai phan t i l p d i l m hd quang + Dien tieh tieh luy dudi die tuyin dien trd (mO x mm) - Phep danh g i i duoc cic van de v l cd khf v i tudi thp ve difn efla t i l p diem chinh va tiep d i l m hd quang sudt q u i trinh hoat ddng cfla mdy cat Mouetnent stons iMngih-of- - j — - j — oncinp cwloql- j — j-f: DiEpbceinentwhen the- Hinh 8: Ddc tuyen diin trd dgng dUdc vdl phdn mem CABA Win Casd ddnh gid ddc tuyen diin trd dgng: + Dae tuyen dien trd dpng duac lan dau dfla vao v i n hdnh va cic dot thf nghiem djnh ky tiep theo d l so sanh mfle dp suy giam chat lUpng tiep diem chinh va KHOA HQC - CONG NGHE Q t i l p diem hd quang qua thdi gian van hanh WllMMI + D i c tuyin eua ede m i y c i t cflng loai: Kilm tra tinh b k thudng khiebift don lesovdicicMCcungddisinxuatcung kieu k i t cau thiet k l , cd cung loai vdt lifu ehitao nhunhau + So sanh vdi d i e t u y i n dUpc cung cap bdi nha ehe tao (neu cd) Main Md td kit qud cda mpt mdy cdt: Cdc hinh i n h sau d i y md ta sd lieu d i e tuyen dien trd ddng cfla mdt m i y e k SF6 qua qud trinh van hdnh va dai tu b i o dudng JS Aniag raniHipan — ArdBEcgniicfpin — rz., , J i \ i •01 m -iJ Hinh 12: Tiep diem ho quang trdlai binh thUOng sau dai tu li^m CoBiiH ira.^ J i 45 Contact Irani (nni) \F TlD -sa-kH- 1768 •' H'inh 9: Cdc thong so trin ddc tuyen diin trd dong BUS HQJH I.I|.ILUI,IJJI.I.IJ.I.IHJ1 IPWH 60.3 Hinh 13: Tiep diem ho quong bi phdng lai ben Caalacl mrtl (IBIB) Hinh 10: May cdt cd cdc tiep diem chinh vd tiep diem ho quang tot ,.EmmmmmmM diin Chl t i l u danh g i i v l trj sd Ra x Da (theo cac tai lifu nflde ngoai): + Ra X Da nam khodng 3-^5 mW.mm:Tilp diem hd quang blnh thfldng + Ra X Da Idn hdn > 10 mW.mm:Tilp diem hd quang cd khuylt t k TAI L i i u THAIVI KHAO: [1]- T i i lieu may eat eua nha che tao ABB, Siemens, Areva yvJ [2]- Tdi lieu m i y ehup sdng ciia hang ProgrammaThuyDien : EGIL,TM1600,TM1800, DRM 1800 [ ] - T i i l i f u may ehyp sdng efla hang Doble-USA: TDR 9000 [4]-Tai lieu may ehup sdng cua hang Weis-Dflc: SAI 00 Hinh 17:77ep diem ho quang bi khuyet tdt qua qud trinh van hdnh [5]- Cac phan mem dung cho cae may ehyp sdng: CABA,T-Doble,BTA ffien Jk ff&i song \ 21 ... l u sdt danh gia mfle dp van hdnh an toan cua mdy cat dd ehfnh xic cao hon, tin hieu dien i p va ddng dfla vdo may phan tfch cao han, han che dflpc eic tfn hifu nhieu khdng mong mudn, anh hfldng... tiep diem ho quang IV- Dac tuyen dien trd dong 1- Dgc tuyin diin trd dpng cdc tii''p diem mdy cdt cao the - Khi d i f n trd tiep xue, chi ed the dfloc dien trd tiep diem chfnh d trang thai tinh... - Hang muc difn trd ddng la hang muc ehlnh kiem tra cic t i l p diem dap hd quang m i y cat vd cho phep xae djnh mdt cich rd rang hon hien trang xdy khoang eat may e k ma cac hang muc thf nghiem