Hoi Dia Iy Viet Nam Dai hoc Thai Nguyen M O T SO DAC DIEM IT D l T a c BIfiT D £ N CUA TAI NGUYEN THIEN NHIEN TINH N G H E AN Dao Khang^ Abstract Some^ohtuacteristis of natural resources not known in Nghe An province Located at the forward position of the natural system m the direction North - South of Vietnam, Ng An has many advantages and also encountered a number of difficulties in the exploitation, use and management of natural resources for development - economic society The advantages of the previous stud have not mentioned before, it is often difficult to exaggerate the importance of Post was not introducing the characteristics of the natural resources that only Nghe An objective analysis of some little advantage or not mentioned and the limitations of natural resources in mining used detect socio - economic development of Nghe An opinion of Geography science to Nghe An people understand the value of natural resources in Post was not introducing the characteristics of the natura resources thai only Nghe An objective analysis of some little advantage or not mentioned and the limitatio of natural resources in mining used to detect socio - economic development of Nghe An opinion of Geography science to Nghe An people understand the value of natural resources in Post was not introduc the characteristics of the natural resources that only Nghe An objective analysis of some little advantage not mentioned and Ihe limitations of natural resources in mining used to detect socio - economic developm of Nghe An opinion of Geography science lo Nghe An people understand the value of natural resources i their country l.DATVANDE Vai trd cua tai nguyen thien nhien phit trien kinh tl - xa hdi cua mpt vimg lanh thfi phu thudc vio gia tn va nhan thiic ve tim quan trpng cua tii nguyen, vio trinh quin Iy va khai thic, vio muc dich va thdi digm su dung cua ngudi Nhgn thiic dimg bin chat eua tii nguygn; quan ly chit che v i khoa hpc, khai thae hop Iy va su dung diing myc dich, dimg thdi diem se nang cao gia tri v i higu qui nhilu mat ciia tii nguyen thien nhign v i ngupc Igi Ciing vdi vi tri dia Iy cd nhieu thuan Ipi dl phit triln kinh tl, phan bo dan cu, phan cdng Iao dpng va giao luu vdi cac tinh bgn ci nude va vdi the gidi, Nghg An la tiiJi cd nguon tii nguyen thien nhign da dgng, cd nhung tii nguyen quy hiem Nhin ehung, dilu kign ty nhien ciia Nghg An cd rat nhilu tiiugn Ipi de phat triln kinh tl - xa hdi, khai thic su dyng cung se g ^ mdt sd khd khan Cd dieu Ii, nhung thugn Ipi, cic nghien ciiu trudc day chua dl cgp het, cdn khd khan thi thudng dupc quan hda lgn, NOl DUNG 2.1 Mot sfi lgi thi cua tai nguygn thien nhien tinh Nghe An 2.1.1 Lai the ve tai nguyen hau Xua nay, tiim tinic cua ngudi dan Vigt Nam, ndi din Nghe An la se nghi din ning ndng vdi gid Lao bdng rat Thuc ra, niu ndi ve mirc dfi "khung khiep" thi gid Lao hoat dpng mgnh nhat d^tinh Quang Binh v i huygn Ky Anh cua tinh Hi Tinh, giam din tii Nghe An Bic Tir Ky Anh den giip dat Nghg An li ban 100km Gid Lio Igi khdng phii la hign tupng tiidi tilt khdng till cii tgo (trinh bay d phan sau) Thdi gian gin day, nhd edng tac phii xanh dat doi mii trpc, gio Lio da glim ci ve tan suat v i eudng dp d Nghe An The nhung, cung sp gid Lao d Nghg An.' - Nghe An co nhiiu kiiu hdu han so vdd cde tinh d Bdc Trung Bp Nghe An Ii nai gap ciia hau gid mua chi tuyin Bic v i gid miia xieh dao phia Nam So vdi cic tinh phia Bac, miia ddng d Nghg An it Ignh hon, tiidi tilt khdng qua gay git; cdn so vdi cic tmh phia Nam tiii Iupng mua cao hon nen sfi thing han hin khdng nhilu [4] ' Trudng Dgi hgc Vinh Kyyiu Hdi nghi Khoa hg^Dfolptodn gudc ldn thd Hoi Dia IJ Viet Nam Dai hpc Thai Nguygn Do nim d khu vuc Bac Trung Bp nen Nghe An cd dii cic kieu hau mang tinh chuyin tilp tir Bic vao Nam cua Viet Nam Ngoai ra, Nghg An cd mdt dai dat khuit gid, nam dpc thung liing Sdng Ci tir Mudng Xen ciia huyen Ky Son qua huyen Tuong Duong xudng giap huyen Con Cudng, chieu dai khoang 80km, la nai phan bd rimg khd han va xavan nhiet ddi lucmg mua chi dgt 500 - 650 mm/nam, tuang duong cac tinh Nmh Thugn, Binh Thuan Q Viet Nam, Nmh Thugn vi Binh "Hiuan la tinh trdng dupc nho v i nudi duoc cim - nhiing cay, cd ngufin goc xir lanh cac nha khoa hpc P h ^ dem deri thu nghigm va cdng d vimg khd ndng nhit Viet Nam Day la mdt gpi y cho Nghg An viec phit trien eie loai die sin dang rit cd gii - Khi hdu Nghe An thich hap vdt nhiiu logi cdy trdng han so vdi cdc linh ldn can Mpt so eay cdng nghiep chien lupc hien eua Viet Nam cd nguon goc xich dgo nhu Cao su, caphg, hotieu, dupc khuyin cao chi nen trfing den vi tuyin 20 Dfii vdi cao su, nam 1897, sau tini nghigm thinh cdng loai cay d Sufii Dau (Nha Trang) v i Bin Cit (Binh Duong) toan quyen Paul Doumer da dua nhiing eiy gidng tir Bmh Duong miln Bic, chpn Quang Binh vi khu vyc Phu Quy cua Nghg An trfing thu nghigm [7] Kit qua la Phii Quy tid thinh noi trfing cao su higu qui eho den tan Cimg vdi cao su la ca phe, dupc trfing tip tmng d Phu Quy Xa hon ve phia Bac, trudc day ei phe dupc trfing d ndng trudng Dong Giao (Ninh Binh) nhung sau phii phi bd chuyen sang trdng diia Hfi tieu chi phit triln tfit tir Nghe An trd vio phia Nam Cac tinh phia Bic cd trdng nhung khdng higu qua Mpt sfi cay lau nam ngufin gdc tir phia Bic dua vio Nghe An phit triln rit tot nhu: Man Tam hoa, ehe Shan myet Nhihig logi niy chua thiy d cac tinh ven biln tir Hi Tmh trd vao Cic logi cay cdng nghiep, dupc ligu can nhiet ddi (hdi, son, trau, qui), cac loai cay lam nghigp dn ddi (pomu, samu) chi phan bfi tir miln mii Bic Bo den Nghe An, eic tinfa Bic Trung Bd til Ha TTnh trd vao khdng thay cd Miia lanh d Nghg An gin thing, cd mua phiin, du dilu kign thdi tilt de dong bing Nghe An CO the v i dgt hieu qui kinh te cao cic Iogi rau vy ddng cd ngufin goc dn ddi (eii bip, su hio, ) cic tinh ven biln tir H i TTnh trd vio sin xuit khdng higu qui Zl.Z /,{n' tki vi Ma hinh vd ddt trdng - Dia hbih vd ddt trdng d Nghi An da dgng tgo nhiiu uu thi de phdt tnin kinh ti Nghg An Ii tinh rpng nhat ca nude Dia hinh Nghg An cd diy dii cic dgng co bin: mii ddi, dong bing v i bien Nlii vi dfii chilm 86% dien tich ty nhien, phan bd phia Tay va khu vyc trung tam eua tinh Day Ii co sd de phat trien rimg, cay cong nghiep liu nam va chin nudi gia siic Idn Rimg Nghe An cd dign tich diing thii c i nude, sau Gia Lai Trung tam bd siia Nghia Dan Ii md hinh chan nudi rat thinh cdng d Vigt Nam cung cap nguygn lieu cho nhi may Vinamilk Ciia Ld Ndng Iam sin xuat khau ciia Nghe An (che, cao su, ci phe, go, ) cua Nghe An dupc sin xuit tren dia hinh ddi niii Nhilu mil di vdi cd hang ddng dep (Bua, 6m, Cd Ngyn, Ke Xang), mpt sfi niii cd thic dep (Sao Va, Khe Kem) Dong bang chiem 14% dign tieh ciia tinh, Ii noi cu tni ciia ban 70% dan so va la dia ban sin xuat lucmg thyc tiiyc pham chii yeu ciia Nghe An Nlii va dfing bing d Nghg An phan bo xen ke: giiia ddi mii cd dong bing nhd, giua ddng -bang en mii cntj