Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe md NGHIEN curu CONG NGHE TUYEN DAT HIEM THAN QUANG F7 mo dat hiem Dong Pao Lai Ciiaii After providing some fundamental properties and application of rare earth minerals as[.]
Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe m d NGHIEN curu CONG NGHE TUYEN DAT HIEM THAN QUANG F7 mo dat hiem Dong Pao - L a i Ciiaii After providing some fundamental properties and ThS NGUYIN THj HONG HA application of rare earth minerals as well as its potential VANNK reserves In Vietnam, the paper represents to the brief Vien Khoa hpc Cdng nghe Md-TKV introduction of Dong Pao rare earth mine located in Lai Chau province Basing on the Initial research results on the rare earth metal samples from the ore body FT, the authors propose the proper separation technology for this precious mineral I - Md dau Ngay kim loai dat hiem da trd vat lieu chien lupc cho cac nganh edng nghe cao nhu dien - dien tdr, hat nhan, quang hpc, vu tru, vat lieu sieu din, sieu nam cham, luyen kim, xiic tdc thOy tinh va gdm sU ky thuat cao, phdn bdn vi lupng, v.v Theo Tdng cue Dja chat, trOr lupng cdc md dat hidm d Viet Nam khoang - ti tan qudng nguyen khai, dieu kien khai thdc thuan ldi Ngudn da't hidm d nude ta da 6\jgc thdm dd vd khao sdt hang chuc nam trudc nen da cd d mien Bac (Promeli, 1989) Tai nguyen va nhu eau ve dat hidm d nude kha Idn Qudng dat hidm Ddng Pao Lai Chdu cd ddc diem rieng, khdc biet so vdi cdc md dat hidm khdc nude va tren the gidi VI vay viec nghien cUu de dua phUdng phdp va sd 66 tuyen thfch hpp nham thu hdi vd sdr dung tdng hdp tai nguyen Id rat can thiet II Khdi niem ve nhdm nguyen to da't hiem: Dac diem chung ve cac nguyen td dat hidm: Cdc nguyen td dat hiem thudng thay gdm 17 nguyen td gdm: Scandium (sdthUtu21) Yttrium (sd thU tU 39) va cac nguyen td day Lanthanides (sd thU tu tU sd 57-71: lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium,samarium,uropiu m, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, lutetium) bang he thd'ng tuan hodn eda Mendeleep, ed sU gid'ng ve tinh cha't hod hpc va eau tnic dien tdr rat phiSc tap Ndra tren tU lantan den gadolini gpi la phan nhdm " nhe" hay phan nhdm xeri, ndfa dudi gpi la phan nhdm "ndng" hay phdn nhdm ytri Kim loai da't hiem cd cac tfnh chat dac trifng la ti trpng vd diem ndng chay cao, dan dien vd din nhiet tdt Nhdm da't hiem ed tfnh quy luat bat thudng la cdc nguyen td ed thU tu chan ed ham lupng trung binh vd Trai da't giau hdn cdc nguyen td cd sd thUtU le lien ke Trong thien nhien, cac nguyen td da't hidm khdng tdn tai dudi dang kim loai (tusinh), di life vdi dxi rat manh cac nguyen td dat hiem ra't d l tao dxft Do tfnh hoat hod eda cdc nguyen td dat hiem nen rat khd tinh luyen cdc KHCNM Sd 4/2010* CN TUY^N, CH^ BI£'N K H O A N G S A N nguyen td da't hiem ve dang tinh khiet Cac nguyen td da't hiem va dac tinh cd ban cdia chung diSgc the hien tren bang Khoang vat dat hiem: Cho den nay, da phat hien khoang 250 khoang vat cd chUa eac nguyen td dat hiem vd Trai da't, dd ed khoang 1/2 da xac djnh dUdc ca'u true tinh the khoang vat Cac khoang vat cdia nhdm dxit da't hiem, gidng ve ca'u tnic va tinh chat hda hpc, nhien khdng mdt tinh chat nao la dac trifng hoan chinh cho nhdm Cac khoang vat da't hidm thudng ehUa nhieu nguyen td da't hiem mang tinh the Cd 60 khoang vat chUa >5 - 8% TR2O3 trd len, dd quan trpng nha't la 19 khoang vat neu bang Oac biet la cac khoang vat basnezit, monazite va xenotim chiem tren 95% TR2O3 tren the gidi va la cae khoang vat dUdc khai thac chdi yeu cdia da't hiem Trong dd khoang 1/3 san lupng da't hiem the gidi 6\jgc lay tU basnezit Ngoai la mdt sd khoang vat khac nhu loparit, photphorit ehUa urani, apatit, ytrosynchisit (cac nude SNG) vd britholit, alanit Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe m d Bang Cac dac tinh coban ciia nhdm nguyen tddat hiem Ten nguyentd Kihieu hda • hoc Hda trj Nguyen Ham lupng TB vd td lupng trai dat Dat hiem nhom nhe (nhom xeri) 138,92 Lantan La 140,13 Xeri Ce 3;4 140,92 Pr 3;4 Frazeodim Nd 144,27 Neodim Pm 145,00 Prometi 150,43 Samari Sm 2;3 Eu Europi 2;3 152,00 Gadolini Gd 156,90 Da't hiem nhom nang ( nhom ytri) Tecbi Tb 3;4 159,20 162,46 Dysprozi Dy Ho Honmi 164,94 Er Ecbi 2:3 167,20 Tuli Tm 169,40 Ytecbi Yb 2;3 173,04 Lutecxi Lu 174,99 Ytri Y 88,92 Cac dxit 29,00 70,00 9,00 37,00 kh 8,00 1,30 8,00 La,0, Ce^Oa PrfiO,, NdpOa kh Sm203 Eu,03 GdjO, 2,50 5,00 1,70 3,30 0,27 0,33 0,80 29,00 Tb,0, Dy^O., HO2O3 Er,03 Tm?03 Yb^O, Lu,03 Y,03 Nhu cdu i>ng dung ddt hiem a Hoa Ky nam 2006 a XOc t^cfitd 3% 3% 6% 25% • Xuc \Ac Xcing dau • Phu gia IuyĐn kim vd c ^ hp'p kim ã Thuy tinh vd g6m sif • Mdn hinh tivi 20% • Nam chdm •Mn ciru • Y hpc vd lazer • Cdc ngdnh khdc Hinhl (Argentina) Gan day cdn phat khiet hoac hpp cha't rieng re hien dang da't hiem hap phu cho nen den nhung nam 40 ion vd phong hda laterit the ky 20 van chi Ung dung ra't /// Cac dng dung dat han che d dang hdp kim phUc hiem: hpp "mischmetal" Cudi nhCfng Da't hiem dUpc Ung dung nam 60 va dau 70 mdi thUc sU vao thUe tidn tU nhung nam bung nd ITnh vifc sdf dung da't cud'i the ky 19 Tuy nhien hiem vao cdc ngdnh kinh te ky nhung khd khan khai thuat Oac biet gan day thac va che bien, ddc biet la khoa hpc va ky thuat tren the tinh luyen va phan chia da't gidi phat trien manh thi nhOfng hiem cae nguyen td tinh kim loai dat hiem tinh khiet cd KHCNM Sd 4/2010* CN TUY^N, CH^ BI^N K H O A N G S A N tfnh chat dac biet da dupc Ofng dung vd cung rpng rai nhieu ITnh vUc Ngdy naysan pham dat hiem tinh khiet da trd vat lieu chien lupc cho cae nganh cdng nghe cao nhu dien- dien tdr hat nhan quang hpc quang hda tau vu tru vat lieu sieu ddn sieu nam cham luyen kim xuc tdc hda dau xuc tac dtd, thdy tinh vd gdm sU ky thudt cao, phdn vi lUdng ndng hda, y dupc hpc va nhieu ITnh vifc khoa hpc va ky thuat khdc Theo USGS thdng ke, ba Ung dung chfnh cdia dat hiem dupc sdf dung tai Hoa Ky ndm 2006 la: chuyen ddi xiic tdc dtd (25%), xdng dau (22%) vd phu gia luyen kim vd cdc hdp kim (20%) " Bieu 66 qudng dat hiem 6ugc Ung dung tai Hoa Ky ndm 2006 dUdc the hien tren hinh * iJfng dung dat hiem d Viet Nam Cum edng trinh "Cdng nghe dat hiem phuc vu san xua't, ddi sdng vd bao ve mdi trudng" vUa dUde tdng Giai thudng Nha nUde ve khoa hpc va cdng nghe 2005 Nhdm nghien eUu de tdi thude Vien Khoa hoc vat lieu (Vien Khoa hpc va Cdng nghe Viet Nam) da tim nhCfng cdng nghe bien dat hiem thdnh nhumg san pham hCfu leh Idm Ipi cho Nha nudc hang trdm ty' ddng Oat hiem cd the dUdc sdf dung theo cac hudng: Sdf dung lam chd phim vi lupng OH 93 nham nang cao ndng suat cay trdng Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe m d Sdf dung xuc tac Ipc khf ddc tu Id ddt rdc y td vd dtd xe mdy Sdf dung 6e che tao nam cham cdc mdy phdt thdiy dien cue nhd IV Tiem nang dat hiem d Viet Nam Cdng tdc nghien cUu dja chat tim kiem va ddnh gia da't hidm d Viet Nam bat dau vdo cudi nhCfng nam 50 the ky 20 cho den da phat hien md qudng gde va nhieu sa khoang titan ven bien ed ehUa dat hidm Tdng tru lupng du bdo khoang 22.353.000 taii TR2O3 Ndu so sanh tUdng dUdng vdi cap tai nguyen R1E theo he thd'ng phan cap cdia Lien hpp qud'c thi tdng trU lupng dat hidm Viet Nam hien khoang 948.000 tan difng thU tren the gidi sau Trung Qudc, SNG, Namibia, My, Australia, An Dp, Canada vd Nam Phi Trif lupng dat hiem Viet Nam cd khoang vdt monazit - xenotim ehi chiem mdt lUPng nhd, khoang 200.000 tan.^ phdn bd rai rdc cdc md sa khodng titan ven bien tU Quang Ninh den cdc tinh phfa Nam Hdm lupng cdc khoang vat monazitxenotim qudng nguyen thap dai da sd nhd hdn kg/ml Neu tfnh theo ham lupng TR2O3 thi ehi dao ddng tu < 0.005H-0.008% nen ehi ed nghTa khai thdc tan thu cung vdi titan-zircon, nhien, thdnh phan vdt chat qudng khdng phUe tap cdc khoang vdt hau het d dang ddn khodng vd cd dp hat tUdng ddi ddng deu khoang 0,20^0.074mm khdng ed bun set nen kha ndng thu hdi - TrOr lupng quang Barit du bao la 66.754.852 tan BaS04 Trong dd cac than quang ed kfch thudc dang ke la: than quang F3, F7, F14 khu Ddng Pao, than quang F9, F10 khu Nha Ngd va than quang F15, F16, F17khuNaCUa.' Trong nhung nam 1984 1986, Cdng ty Tham dd va Khai thac Md da tham dd than quang F3 khu md Ddng Pao Tdng tru lUpng du tfnh cdia than quang F3 la: 93.372 tan TR2O3; 208.772 tan CaF2; 505.675 tan BaS04 Nam 1992, Lien doan Dja chat 10 - Cue Dja chat Vidt Nam da tien lianh tim kiem va danh gia quang da't hiem Fluorit - Barit md Ddng Pao dd chdi yeu la than quang F7 Tdng trU lupng dU tfnh cdia than quang F7 la: 15.014 tan TR2O3;' 5.264 tan CaF2; 30.779 tan BaS04 V So lupc vd mo dat Trong cae than quang ed hidm Dong Pao - Lai Chau: cae loai hinh quang tu nhien Khu md Ddng Pao nam d chdi yeu sau: ban Hon each thj tran Binh Lu Quang da't hiem: Quang 15km ve phfa Tdy Nam thudc ed phan bien ddi phUc huyen Phong Thd tinh Lai Chdu tap, quang ed ham lUpng Bdo cdo kdt qua edng tdc fR203 kha cao tU 1,5% trd len, tim kidm ndm 1972 eda Doan cdn ham lUpng CaFz va Oja chat 35 khang dvnh khu md Ddng Pao Id khu md hon hpp BaS04 rat tha'p (dudi 10%) dat hidm - Fluorit - Barit Idn d Da't hiem thudc nhdm xeri, Viet Nam, dien tfch khu md khoang vat da't hiem chdi yeu khoang - km^ Quy la batnhezit, synkizit, latarit md md cd the xep vao loai Ngoai cdn cd mdt ft monazit trung binh den Idn tren the gidi Trong todn vung md da Quang dat hidm - barit: phdt hien vd khoanh djnh Day la loai quang phd bien 6ugc 60 thdn qudng Idn nhd nha't d khu md Ddng Pao, hau vdi tdng trU lupng la: het la cae than quang cd quy - TrCf lUdng qudng da't hiem md Idn thudc loai quang du bdo Id 10.605.000 tan Thanh phan cae nguyen td TR2O3: quang ngoai ham lupng - TrOr lUdng qudng Fluorit TR2O3 cao thi ham lUpng du bdo la 34.774.167 tan CaFj BaS04ra't cao (> 10%), cdn thdnh san pham rieng re tUdng ddi thuan Ipi Cdn lai, tdi tren 99% tru lupng dat hiem Viet Nam tdn tai khodng vat bastnezit vd nhdm eacbonat dat hiem, phan bd chO yeu khu vuc huyen Phong Thd tinh Lai Chau Phan Idn quang thude dang phong hda, md quang gde ehi ed mdt md Nam Nam Xe nam dudi sau chua bj phong hda, cdn lai md khac deu bj phd hdiy bd rdi qua trinh phong hda Mdt sd md nhu Yen Phu, Mudng Hum khoang vat dat hiem nguyen sinh da bj bien ddi cac san pham dat hiem thU sinh Ngoai cdn mdt lupng nhd da't hiem tdn tai d dang khoang vat orthit cdng sinh md quang ddng Sin Quyen vdi ham lupng 0,63% va tru lUdng cap CI la 333.000 tan TR2O3 KHCNM s d 4/2010* CN TUY^N, C H £ BI^N KHOANG SAN Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe m o fluorit cd the khdng ed hoac ham lUdng CaFj ra't tha'p (30%^ sd 66 cdng nghe ddn gian d i dp dung vdo san xuat Tai nguyen bauxit tren the gidi (Tiep theo trang 31) Nha may alumin: trieu san pham alumin; Bd sung he tan/ndm Nhd may dien phan thdng t)dc hdi nhieu giai doan de nhdm: 0,5 trieu tan/ndm cd ddc dung djch kidm - Can phai tdi Uu hod qua + Ddi vdi eac nhd may dien trinh cdng nghe, hien dai hod phan nhdm: Dung be dien phdn thiet bj de giam chi phf cd CUdng dp ddng dien Idn: >300 nguyen, nhien lieu ddn mUc KA ; Be dien phdn ed cue dUdng thap nhat, vf du: thieu tafde; Tdng cUdng cd khf + Ddi vdi cdc nhd mdy hod - tu ddng hod vd bao ve mdi alumin: Lisa chpn ndng dp kidm trudng: Cap lieu tu ddng, dung he tdi UU; dp dung cdng nghe hod thdng Ipc bui khd thay cho he tach ddc biet (hod tdeh bang thdng Ipc bui Udt tnfdc ddy Ve dudng dng, hod tach vdi cdc chdt mdt edng nghe, lua chpn thfch xiic tac, cdng nghe ddng xdr ly hpp thdnh phan chat dien phan cdc loai bauxit khdc nhau: Cdng cd ty sd cridlit thap vd han chd nghe ddng song song, cdng chdt cho them nghe hod tdeh giai doan); Tdng Ngodi ra, hien dang tap hidu qua qud trinh kdt tinh (san trung nghien cUu theo mdt sd xudt alumin dang cdt vdi ndng dp hudng: Didn phdn cloma, phCi kiem cao); Giam tdn that kiem; ddy bang chat thdm Udt nhdm, Sdr dung cdc chdt kdt bdng tdng dung cue dUdng trd nhidn, hpp qud trinh Idng nhOrng cdng trinh nghidn ciiu ndy dang d giai doan thdr nghiem vd Ve mdt thidt bj thi dung hd dp dung thdr thdng iSng - rda bun dd tdc dd cao, ddy hinh cdn; Kdt tinh giai doan Ket luan: dd tao alumin d dang cdt; Dung - Nudc ta cd ngudn tdi Id nung ldp sdi tudn hodn ^ nung nguydn bauxit thudc loai Idn KHCNM s d 4/2010* CN TUY^N, CH^ BI^N K H O A N G S A N tren the gidi, nhUng ngudn dien ndng cdn rat thieu de phdt trien nganh cdng nghiep nhdm Viet Nam, vay trudc mat can tap trung cho san xuat alumin - Ddi vdi viec san xuat alumin, can phai: Lua chpn edng nghe san xuat alumin bang phUdng phdp Bayer chau My hda tdeh d nhiet dp tmng binh (khoang 145°C) dung djch hda tach cd ndng dp kiem thap (khoang 170g/l Na26c) de xdf ly qudng bauxit Tdy Nguyen vdi edng nghe vd thidt bj tien tidn nhu Kdt tinh giai doan de tao alumin d dang cdt; dung he thdng Idng, rdfa bun dd tdc dp cao, day hinh cdn; dung Id nung Idp sdi tuan hodn de nung san pham alumin; dung he thdng bdc hdi nhieu giai doan dd cd dac dung djch kiem Ddy Id cdc giai phdp edng nghe tidn tidn, phu hpp vdi xu hudng phdt triln ngdnh cdng nghidp nhdm cdia thd gidi, vide dp dung nd se gdp phan quan trpng dam bdo hidu qud cho cdc nhd mdy sdn xudt alumin tU qudng bauxit gipxit d khu vuc Tdy Nguydn eiia nude ta./ ... Ddng Pao dd chdi yeu la than quang F7 Tdng trU lupng dU tfnh cdia than quang F7 la: 15.014 tan TR2O3;'' 5.264 tan CaF2; 30.779 tan BaS04 V So lupc vd mo dat Trong cae than quang ed hidm Dong Pao. .. Ddng Pao - Lai nnk: "Bao cao ket qua cdng Chau" Ha Ndi, nam 2009 tac tim kiem va danh gia Rare earth metals not so qudng dat hiem - Fluorit but valuable Barit md Ddng Pao - Phong rare Thd - Lai. .. la quang da''t hiem Ddng Pao ed the lam giau, chd bien quang thUdng pham Hien tai, Cdng ty Co phan da''t hiem Lai Chau VIMICO dang khan trUdng hoan De an tham dd md Ddng Pao tren dien tfch hon 11