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Hdi thdo khoa hoc "Ndng cao he sdthu hdi ddu md Bach Ho" NANG CAO H? S6 THU H 6 | VA GIA T A N G SAN Ll/ONG KHAI T H A G DAU KHf B A N G PHL/ONG PHAP KHOAN X I E N G 6 C LCIN V A K H O A N NGANG VCJI[.]
Hdi thdo khoa hoc "Ndng cao he sdthu hdi ddu md Bach Ho" NANG CAO H? S6 THU H | V A GIA T A N G S A N Ll/ONG KHAI T H A G D A U KHf B A N G PHL/ONG P H A P KHOAN X I E N G C LCIN V A K H O A N NGANG VCJI OA THAN VA DA O A Y TRONG T A N G MONG M BACH H Tran Xuan Dao, Ngo Van Tu, Hoang Hdng Linh Nguyen Quoc Phong, Pham Xuan Ngoan, Nguyen Due Du XNLD Vietsovpetro ABSTRACT Improvement of oil recovery coefficient and production are pedormed by increasing contact area between bore hole and resen/oir through drilling additional wells, directional drilling with very high angle or horizontal dril From VSP practice, drilling additional wells is limited by present offshore platforms, problem of their reconstructio has been raised but has not accomplished because of many reasons, building new offshore platforms is not optimum solution due to expensiveness and time consumption That's why several directional wells with very h angle and horizontal wells have been drilled to Miocene, Oligocene and Basement in White tiger and Dragon oi fields Effectiveness when of these wells was proven Well oil recovery coefficient and production in these well w much higher than low angle or vedical wells Overcoming above mentioned limitations required new technologic solution to make use of all present facilities and abilities for new planed wells that will be drilled on fixed platform and jacket In this paper authors suggest some major realizable technological solutions that lead to increasing o recovery coefficient and production for White Tiger and Dragon oil fields I THl/C T ^ KHOAN XIEN DINH HLTCJNG VA KHOAN NGANG Tren thue te, kha nang thi edng xay dung eae gie'ng ed gdc nghieng Idn hoae ed than gie'ng nam ngang d VSP da dugc thue hien, cu the nhu gie'ng 456BT ed gdc nghieng 72.5° va khoang lech ngang dat tdi 1929m, hay gie'ng 815BT khoan ddi tugng Mioxen ed gdc nghieng 84.25° va khoang lech ngang dat tdi 1049m vdi chieu dai than nim ngang la 159m Khoan cho ddi tugng Oligoxen dudi, phai ke den gie'ng 1010BT va 917BT ma cdng nhat la gie'ng 917BT ed gdc nghieng 92.7° va khoang lech ngang dat tdi 1750m vdi chieu dai than nam ngang la 418m Cho den nay, kha nang khoan eae gie'ng ed tim vdi xa nhit da dat dugc la 2358.7m edn gdc nghieng Idn nhat la 92.7° Viec thi edng xay dung cac gie'ng ngang va xien ed gdc nghieng Idn da dugc thue hien bang trang thie't bi va edng nghe hien cd cua VSP, dd ed ket hgp vdi nha thau khoan eae dich vu lay ehinh xien TU nhung ket qua da dat dugc, cd the thiy kha nang thi edng xay dung gie'ng khoan ngang va xien ed gdc nghieng Idn la thi dieu kien thue tidn eua XNLD Hinh the hien quy dao thue te da khoan d gie'ng 428 MSP-2 II GlAl PHAP CONG NGHE COA VSP wo 4iaii.90 864/3*0 : : ea&fiM ^939/1100 • \ - 9ea/n.*o \l08a'20.20 ' " • ! ' • : , : ' , , • ' - : , \iimfSc ^ « W 90 1100 V 1587(29 50 \lT6IMa-80 \lBia(27.20 1U0 ^193V28«0 % 2321^29 80- 1tOO \ 2200 Z400 \\2651/27« \ ^ ^ a 30 2W0 ^-~s[*^e!.^.50 2800 5000 »0 400 UO BOO 1000 Hinh 1: Quy dao thue te gieng 428 KHOAN GI^NG OA THAN Tren thue te, hien tren cac gian cd dinh va gian nhe ed rat nhieu gie'ng khdng edn lam viec hoae lam viec khdng hieu qua Vdi sd lugng mieng gie'ng tren eae edng trinh bien bi gidi han nen de dam bao san lugng hang nam thudng phai hoae xay dung them cac gian ed dinh mdi hoae phai tan dung cie gie'ng cu de eit than 219 Hdi thdo khoa hoc "Ndng cao he sdthu hdi ddu md Bach Hd" thCr hai hoae khoan gie'ng mdi tren mieng cCia eae gie'ng bing each eat va keo eae cot dng chdng len Do gidi han ve ket eiu va khdng gian eua cac gian khoan cd dinh va gian nhe nen viec cai hoin de tao them mieng gie'ng mdi la khdng the thue hien dugc vi nhieu nguyen nhan khae Cdn viec xay dung mdi eae gian ed dinh hoae eae gian nhe cung la mdt giai phip het sue tdn kem ve vdn va thdi gian, viec cit than hai hoae eat va keo cac cot dng chdng tu cac gie'ng tan dung khdng phai nao cung thue hien dugc vi edn phiJ thudc vao hien trang ky thuat thue te eua eae gieng dd Giai phap ky thuat dugc de nghi nham khae phuc nhung han che tren va tao dieu kien eho kha nang khoan va khai thac mdt gie'ng vdi hai than cung mdt luc hoae du phdng mdt than gie'ng cho phuang an phai khoan them cin thie't ma sd lugng mieng gieng vin khdng tang tren eae gian ed dinh va gian nhe BK Khoan tren cac gian nhe hien co Oe thuc hien dugc yeu eiu nay, ddi hdi phai sCr dung thiet bi die chung, dd la thie't bi phan nhanh (chia nhanh) dugc gin ket d eudi cot dng chdng 20" (508mm) va lam nhiem vu tao hai nhinh cua than gieng Vdi viec su dung thie't bi nay, ddi hdi phai thay ddi cau true gie'ng eho phu hgp vgi ddi hdi mdi Cau true gie'ng cin thie't phai thay ddi lai cho phu hgp nhu sau: - Cot dng tach nude phai dugc dung loai ed dudng kinh 762mm (hoae 720mm) - Cot dng 508mm dugc lap dat them mdt thie't bi tao nhanh die ehCing (hai nhanh) cd dudng kinh eua mdt nhinh la 340mm (hoae 324mm) - Cot dng chdng 245mm dugc tha lung va ed sCr dung thie't bi treo va lam kin (Tie Back) doan dng 340mm (324mm) - Cot dng 194mm ed lap Tie-Back va dugc keo len tan mieng gie'ng va giu vai trd lam dng khai thie - Ong ICrng 140mm dugc tha vao mdng hoae de than trin Thie't bi phan nhanh va Tie-Back dugc trinh bay Hinh 2.1 •ffl| w U i imml l Ong chong SOSmni •' ()ng lx)C be day c=l2.7inm Ong chong D=M)mm m Hinh 2.1 Thie't bi Tie-Back va thie't bi phan nhanh 220 Gia CO hang \i mang Ong chong D=.MOmm Hdi thdo khoa hoc "Ndng cao he sd thu hdi ddu md Bach Ho" Khoan tren cac gian nhe xay di/ng mdi Ciu true gie'ng cin thie't phai thay ddi lai eho phu hgp nhu sau: - Cdt dng tach nude phai duac dung loai ed dudng kinh 36" - Hai cpt dng 340mm dugc lip dat true tiep dng 36" - Cac cdt dng tiep theo dugc thue hien edt dng 340 mm mdt each binh thudng Thiet bi mieng gie'ng va cay thdng eho loai gie'ng hai than dugc trinh bay Hinh 2.2 Hinh 2.2 Sa dd thie't bi mieng gieng kep va thiet bi cay thdng kep III GlAl PHAP C O N G N G H $ KHOAN GI^NG OA OAY Cdng nghe khoan gie'ng da day vdi cie than phu nam ngang ting mdng, bing edng nghe eho phep thue hien d eae than gie'ng ehinh se khoan va cac than cua eae gieng da khoan ed eae dieu kien kha thi Odi vdi cie gieng da khoan va cie gie'ng mdi, de ed the thue hien edng nghe khoan da day bing eae than phu tU than ehinh, ddi hdi cac gie'ng phai ed eiu true ma cdt dng chdng eudi eCing ed dudng kinh Idn han hoae bing 178mm, khoing khoan tao nhinh ed gdc nghieng tdt nhat la nhd han 45° vdi cudng thay ddi gdc doan khdng vugt qua 1,15°/100m Li/a chon quy dao than gieng Viec lua chgn quy dao than gie'ng het sCre quan trgng, viec lua chgn la cd sd de lua chgn thiet bi va edng nghe thich hgp va eae giai phap thi edng Ngoai viec lua chgn se dugc quyet dinh tu dieu kien thue te eua diem khoan (gian khoan), than gie'ng ehinh se khoan hoae da khoan, sa dd phan bd eae nut ne eua mdng va muc dich khoan Odi vdi eae gie'ng khoan da diy eho ddi tugng mdng md Bach Hd, viec tao nhinh eua than gie'ng chi thue hien mdng (tU than trin hoae md cua sd qua cdt dng chdng) Phuang vi eua cac nhanh dugc chgn cho eat ngang cac nCrt ne eua da mdng cang nhieu cang tdt Than gieng cua cac nhanh phai nim ngang (gdc bang 90 do) hoae gdc nghieng Idn va se dugc chinh xac 221 Hdi thdo khoa hoc "Ndng cao he sdthu hdi ddu md Bach Hd" i i 350 700 theo dieu kien dia chat cu the Trong mdt than gieng chinh ; -J cd the khoan tU nhinh den nhieu nhanh (day) thudc 240/1.20 382/3.30' vao dieu kien cii the eua gie'ng, vi tri khoan va dac dien 672/0.90 cu the eua da mdng d khoang tao nhanh (Hinh 3.1) 1050 Cac thiet bi dac chung va quy trinh thi cong 1400 2.1 Cac loai Packer 1725/2 25 ;Vl875/8.25 1750 ; 2100 - ; 2450 _ - ' • 2800 J ; - Packer loai ea hoe (Mechanical Set Anchors) (xem Hinh 3.2.1, 3.2.2) r \ 2122/21 C ; \ 2 / 50 ; • L A / 25 ' '' ; \2600/26.75 ' \ 2775/31.00 \2975/33.00 3150 :^^«55/31 3500 ; 3850 ; ; -; i < ' " • -']— : IV3950/2 : 74388/31 4200 50 06 • /25.50: V*^ 0/37.25 f^" • ; ; ; ; ; ; ; y "" 4550 4300 ' -350 ' ' ' 350 • " " ' ' : : 700 1050 1400 1750 2100 2450 2800 3150 Hinh 3.1 Ouy dao gie'ng da day Hinh 3.2.1 Millennium Packer and Retrievable Latch (diing than trin) Hinh 3.2.2 MX Packer and Retrievable Latch (diing dng chong) Thie't bi Millennium Packer dugc dat bing cap, tao nen tang de eat than mdi Khi hudng eua packer da dugc xac dinh, mang nghieng va chdt ed nang thu hdi dugc dinh hudng tren mat dat tdi diem eit xien da dugc chgn va dugc tha xudng gie'ng Khi keo len, packer dugc giu nguyen tai ehd de sCr dung sau nay, vin eho phep tiep can vdi cie vung phia dudi - Packer loai thuy luc (Hydraulic Set Anchors) (Hinh 3.2.3 va 3.2.4) Thiet bi MX paker dugc dua xudng gie'ng ciing vdi mang nghieng, dugc dinh hugng, dat bing thuy luc va eat eua sd Khi mang nghieng dugc keo len, chdt dugc tich khdi packer, de lai packer tai ehd lam ed sd eho nhurng than gie'ng phu ke tiep se dugc khoan va de vao lai than gie'ng phu Anchor-Stock Pack-Stock Hinh 3.2.3 Hydraulic Retrievable (diing dng chdng) Anctior Hinh 3.2.4 Inflatable Retrievable (dung than tran) Ba loai packer dugc tha ciing vai mang trugt va cai dat bing nguyen ly thuy luc Day la he thdng eat than mdi mdt lan keo tha Khi tha tdi chieu sau cin thie't Retrievable Anchor-Stock dugc dinh hugng va sau dd dUde cai dat bang thuy luc Neu cin thu hdi, ehi thue hien mdt lin keo tha va than gie'ng dugc tra lai trang thii khdng cd can trd nao Retrievable Pack-Stock dugc tha va dat mdt lan keo tha, tuang tu nhu Retnevable Anchor-Stock Tuy nhien he thdng eho phep ngan each phin than phia dudi Lien lac vdi phin phia dudi dude phuc hdi bang each thu hdi neo chdt, qua trinh dugc thue hien mdt lin keo tha Than gie'ng dugc 222 Hoi thdo khoa hoc '*Ndng cao he sdthu hoi ddu mo Bqch Ho*' tra lai trang thai khdng cd can trd nao TAM Inflatable Retrievable Anchor dugc tha, dinh hudng va dat bang thuy luc chi mdt lan keo tha Thiet ke cho phep packer dugc dat than gieng ed hinh dang khdng deu va bao dam chju duac moment cin thiet eho viec eat dng hoae tao than phu Khi thu hdi mang xien, ed the thu hdi hoae de lai packer dudi gieng 2.2 Quy trinh thi cong + Ddi vdi loai Packer thuy luc: - Tha he thdng bd md eCra sd va tao nhanh vao gieng den chieu sau tinh toan (Run in Hole) MILL (PDC or NATURAL DIAMOND) -Oinh hudng phuang vi cua ming trugt (Orient Whipstoek) - Cai dat Packer bing thuy luc (Set Anchor) - Cat chdt (Shear Off) - Md eCra sd (Mill Windows) RUNNING TOOL - Khoan tao nhinh (Drill at Hole) - Khoan tach nhanh ngoai (Pull out of Hole) HINGE CONNECTOR SUB + Ddi vdi loai Packer ca hgc: HYDRAULIC SWIVEL (OPTIONAL) - Tha he Packer vao gieng den chieu sau tinh toan (Run in Hole) - Oinh hudng phuang vi va cai dat Packer bang ea hgc (Orient and Set Anchor) Hinh 3.2.5: Sa dd lap dat bo khoan cu cat tao nhanh than tran - Tha he thdng bd md cCra sd va tao nhanh cung ming trugt vao gieng den chieu sau cua packer (Run in Hole) - Md eCra sd (Mill Windows) - Khoan tao nhanh (Drill at Hole) - Khoan tach nhinh ngoai (Pull out of Hole) 2.3 Bg khoan cu lay goc va khoan ngang Oe dam bao thi edng xay dung hieu qua cac nhanh nam ngang mdng, du kien bg khoan cu cat, lai va ehinh xien eho cac trudng hgp: - Odi vdi eae gie'ng khoan ed edt dng chdng eudi cung la 177.8mm va than trin 0=165.1mm: Chodng 6" + Ding tam 5^'^' + Odng ea diy (BHS) 4^'^" + MWD 4^'^" + Cin khoan 175-180m + Bua + Can khoan 175-180m + bua + Cin khoan - Odi vdi cac gieng khoan cd edt dng chdng eudi cung la 244.5mm: Chodng 8"^" + Ding tam 8"'" + Odng ca day (BHS) 6^'^" + Ding tam 7"^' + MWD 6"^' + Cin khoan 10001200m + Can khoan 223 Hdi thdo khoa hoc "Ndng cao he sd thu hdi ddu md Bach Hd " IV LL/A CHON \\% DUNG DICH THfCH HOP CHO THI CONG GI^NG KHOAN NGANG TRONG T A N G SAN PHAM DA MONG M6 BACH H6 Da mdng trudc Kainozoi gdm cac the xam nhap Granitoid Oa bi nCrt ne manh, dp sau phan bd tu 3050 m den tren 5000m vdi be day eua ting sin pham da mdng la tren 1000m Nhiet dd tai da mdng len den 150°C Hien gradient ap suit via ehi vao khoang 0,8 Viec ap dung dung dich phu hgp se gdp phin quan trgng nang cao hieu qua khoan, khai thac tai day Oieu dd ddi hdi dung dich can ed dp ben cau true cao, ben nhiet, bdi tran tdt, ty thip va it gay hu hai ting sin pham De thi cdng eae gie'ng khoan, dac biet la nhung gieng khoan ngang, dung dich phai ed cau true ben vung nham giu pha rin d trang thai la ICrng va van chuyen chung len be mat Trong cie thdng sd the hien dp ben eiu true cin quan tam den ben gel tue thgi va thgi gian sa ling eua pha ran He dung dich cho tang san pham da mong Tu dae diem eua ting sin pham da mdng va phin nghien cUu dugc trinh bay d tren cung vdi ket qua nghien cuu ve eae he dung dich dang sCr dung tai XNLD Vietsovpetro da de cap nhieu edng trinh khoa hgc, chung tdi lua chon he dung dich polyme it set PAACOR de khoan ngang da mdng, dam bao ben nhiet, ben ciu true cao, dd bdi tran tdt, ty trgng thip va giam thieu anh hudng xiu den ting sin pham Thanh phan va ehUe nang tUng hda pham eua he dung dich khoan lua chgn, dugc trinh bay d Bang Bang ChCrc nang He dung dich polyme it set (PAACOR) Chinh Phu Xanvis Tao cau true Tang nhdt Chit bdi tran Bdi tran Diet khuan Diet khuan Soda Ket tCia canxi Oieu ehinh pH Bentonit Tao cau true Tang dp nhdt CMCHV Giam dp thai nude Tang dp nhgt Polyme silic huu ca Tang ben nhiet Ky nugc PAV Giam luc cang be mat -• pha , eua DD nn giua cac ^., , „, Giam nhe tyJ ^ | - Nhan xet: TU eae phan dung dich duac trinh bay d tren eho thiy, ba phin ehinh eua he polyme it set PAACOR la set bentonit API, Xanvis, KR-22 Set vdi ham luang nhd han 3% vUa ed tac dung tang dd ben eiu true, dn dinh nhiet, nhung vin khdng gay bit nhet dang ke ting san pham Xanvis ed tinh chay loang cao, giup tang dp ben eiu true va giam tdn thit thuy luc tuin hoan Polyme silic huu ca ky nude (KR-22) gdp phin tang dd ben nhiet, tao tinh ky nude nham tang he sd thu hdi diu eho d i mdng nCrt ne He dung dich ed ham luang pha ran thip nen dd ma sat va ty trpng se nhd han so vdi he dung dich set, dac biet thuan lgi eho thi edng nhung gieng khoan ngang da mdng Ddn pha che vdi thdng so dung dich de khoan da mdng Oua hang loat eae ket qua nghien eUu thi nghiem va thCr nghiem da dua dugc ddn pha che va eae thdng sd eua he dung dich PAACOR nhu Bang Nhan xet: He polyme it set PAACOR ed dan pha che vdi eae thdng sd dung dich nhu tren rat phu hgp thi cdng khoan ting sin pham da mdng (ke ca khoan ngang), ben nhiet, cd dp ben eiu true cao va ham lugng pha rin thip 224 Hoi thdo khoa hoc "Ndng cao he sd thu hoi ddu md Bach Hd" Bang Ham lugng, kg/m^ Thanh phan dung djch T°, °C Thong so dung djch y, g/cm' FV, s PV rP