TỔNG HỢP TỪ VỰNG, NGỮ PHÁP, BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH 12 ( 16 ) 1 Cách nhận biết từ loại REVISION a Cánh nhận biết danh từ danh từ thường có các hậu tố sau TION ATION invention, information, education MENT d.
TỔNG HỢP TỪ VỰNG, NGỮ PHÁP, BÀI TẬP TIẾNG ANH 12 REVISION Cách nhận biết từ loại: a Cánh nhận biết danh từ: danh từ thường có hậu tố sau: -TION/ -ATION invention, information, education MENT development, employment -ENCE/ANCE difference, importance -NESS richness, happiness, business -ER (chỉ người) teacher, worker, writer, singer -OR (chỉ người) inventor, visitor, actor -IST (chỉ người) physicist, biologist, chemist -AR/ANT/-EE (chỉ người) beggar, assistant, employee -ING teaching, schooling -AGE teenage, marriage -SHIP friendship, championship -ISM (chủ nghĩa) pessimism, optimism -(I)TY possibility, responsibility, reality, beauty (verb)-AL refusal, arrival, survival -TH warmth, strength, youth, truth, depth b Cánh nhận biết tính từ: tính từ thường có hậu tố sau: -FUL successful, helpful, beautiful LESS (nghĩa phủ định) homeless, careless (noun)-Y (có nhiều) rainy, snowy, windy (noun)-LY (có vẻ, hàng ngày giờ.ngày ) friendly, yearly, daily -ISH selfish, childish (noun)-AL (thuộc về) natural, cutural -OUS nervous, dangerous, famous -IVE active, expensive -IC electric, economic -ABLE comfortable, acceptable c Cánh nhận biết động từ: động từ thường có tiền tố hậu tố sau: Tiền tố ENendanger, enlarge, enrich (làm giàu), encourage (động viên) -FY classify, satisfy, beautify -IZE, -ISE socialize, modernize, industrialize -EN widen, frighten -ATE considerate, translate d Cánh nhận biết trạng từ: trạng từ thường có hậu tố -LY Ex: beautifully, carefully, suddenly, carelessly, recently Lưu ý: Một số trạng từ đặc biệt cần ghi nhớ: - good (a) well (adv): giỏi, tốt - late (a) late: trễ, chậm - ill (a) ill (adv): xấu, tồi, - fast (a) fast (adv): nhanh - hard (a) hard (adv): tích cực, vất vả, chăm Chức số từ loại: a Danh từ (Noun) lately (adv): đây, gần hardly (adv): khơng Sau tính từ (adj + N) Sau - mạo từ: a /an / the - từ định: this, that, these, those, every, each, … - từ số lượng: many, some, few, little, several - tính từ sở hữu: my, his, her, your, our, their, its… Sau ngoại động từ (V cần O) Sau giới từ (prep + N) Trước V chia (N làm chủ từ) Sau enough (enough + N) They are interesting books b Tính từ (Adj) He is a student These flowers are beautiful She needs some water She buys books She meets a lot of people He talked about the story yesterday He is interested in music The main has just arrived I don‘t have enough money to buy that house Trước N (Adj + N) Sau TO BE Sau: become, get, look, feel, taste, smell, seem keep, make … Sau trạng từ (adv + adj): extremely (cực kỳ), completely (hoàn toàn), really (thực sự), terribly, very, quite, rather, … Sau too ( be + too + adj) Trước enough (be + adj + enough) Trong cấu trúc: be + so + adj + that A, an, the, this, that, his, her, their, my, … + (Adj) + Noun Trong câu cảm thán: - How + adj + S + V - Wht + (a / an) + adj + N c Trạng từ (Adv) Sau V thường Trước Adj Giữa cụm V - have / has + adv + V3/-ed - am/ is/ are + adv + V3/-ed Đầu câu trước dấu phẩy Sau too V + too + adv Trong cấu trúc V + so + adv + that Trước enough V + adv + enough This is an interesting books I am tired It becomes hot She feels sad The news made me happy It is extremely cold I‘m terribly sorry She is very beautiful That house is too small The house isn‘t large enough She was so angry that she can‘t speak My new car is blue How beautiful the girl is! What an interesting film! He drove carefully I meet an extremely handsome man She has already finished the job The party was well prepared Unfortunately, I couldn‘t come the party They walked too slowly to catch the bus Jack drove so fast that he caused an accident You should write clearly enough EXERCISE Choose the best answers Life here is very A peacefully B peaceful ness Women usually don‘t shake hands when being A introducing B introduction He was so that he had an accident A caring B careless C peace D peaceful- C introduced D introducer C careful D carefully A fertile B fertility C fertilize D fertilizers Nowadays, chemicals are into some fruits to reduce decay A injection B injecting C inject D injected What‘s your ? – I‘m Vietnamese A nation B national C nationality D international In this course, students receive in the basic English grammar A instruct B instructional C instruction D instructive I him for his honesty A respective B respectful C respectable D respect All of the students appreciBat.eimthpeortant of English D importance learC.niimngp.ortantly 10 We can enjoy live programmes through satellites A communicate B communication C communicative D communicable 11 Learning English has become a in our country A necessitate B necessary C necessity D necessarily 12 Computers are used in schools and universities A widely B wide C width D widen 13 He retired at the of 60 A age B old C older D elder 14 My teacher always give us a clear A explain B explained C explanatory D explanation 15 The of the moon for the earth causes the tides A attract B attracted C attractive D attraction 16 Your bad result made me A disappoint B disappointment C disappointed D disappointing 17 Getting such a well-paid job is very beyond my A expect B expected C expecting D expectation 18 It has been proved _ that the unemployment rates are increasing A statistic B statistics C statistical D statistically 19 She has made an _ for the job as a nursery teacher because she like children A apply B applicant C application D applicator 20 Daisy has been out of work for months She stay at home and does the housework A disappoint B disappointed C disappointedly D disappointing 21 She is a biologist She is interested in A conserves B conservancy C conservation D conservative 22 There is no for them to that A need B needs C needless D needing 23 The development leads to our country‘s prosperity A industry B industries C industrial D industrialize 24 Farmers their land to make it A fertilize / product B fertilizer / productive C fertilize / production D fertilize / productive 25 Many communities are burning garbage and other biological waste products to produce A electric B electricity C electrician D electrify A READING UNIT 1: HOME LIFE - night shift: - biology ( ) - biologist ( ): - biological ( ): - join hands: work together ………………………………………… ……………………………………… ……………………………………… ……………………………………… - (be) willing to + V1: - household chores: - run the household: - make sure - rush = hurry = go quickly (v) - responsibility ( ): - responsible for (a): - take the responsibility for + V-ing: - pressure (n): - (be) under pressure: - caring (a) - take out = remove: - mischievous ( ): - mischief (n): - give s.o a hand = help s.o: - o‘bedient (a) ≠ disobedient (a): - obedience (n): - obey ( ): - close – knit: - supportive of - ‗frankly (adv): - frank (a): - make a decision = decide (v) - solve (v): - solution ( ): - secure (a) = safe (a) - security (n): - (be) crowded with - well – behaved (a): - confidence (n): - confident in s.o (a): - base (n) / based on = rely on - come up = appear, happen - hard-working (a) - be good at ……………………………………… ……………………………………… ………………………………………… ………………………………………… …………………………………… …………………………………… …………………………………… …………………………………… …………………………………… …………………………………… ………………………………… …………………………………… ……………………………………… ………………………………… ………………………………… ………………………………… …………………………………… ………………………………… ………………………………… ………………………………… …………………………………… ……………………………………… …………………………………… …………………………………… ………………………………… ……………………………… ……………………………… ………………………………… ………………………………… ………………………………… …………………………………… …………………………………… …………………………………… ……………………………………… …………………………………………… Task (Textbook page 14) Task 2: Who makes dinner in the family? A the father B the daughter C the son Which one is NOT TRUE according to the passage? A There are five people in the family B The father sometimes goes home late C The father doesn‘t help anything in housework D This family has a close-knit relationship D the mother What is the daughter attempting to after secondary school? A win a place at university B get over the study pressure C help her family with the household chores D pass the final exam How are the boys like? A always mischievouse B never active C quite obedient and hard working D sometimes obedient and hard working The word ―them” in the last line refers to A feelings B problems C solutions D weekends B SPEAKING + C LISTENING Choose the best answer ― ?‖ – Yes, I‘d like to A How you do? B How about something to drink C What about going shopping? D What you like doing? I‘d like the blue jacket, please? Can you try it on? -― ‖ A Yes, you would B Yes, you must C Yes, certainly D Yes, you ―Thanks a lot for your wonderful gift, Tom ‖ _ Tom: ― ‖ A Thank you B Cheers C Have a good day D You are welcome Alice: ―How about having a drive to the countryside this weekend?‖ - Mary: ― ‖ A Not at all B That‘s a good idea C No, thanks D Let‘s go An: ―Do you think it will rain?‖ - Binh: ― Oh! ‖ A I don‘t hope so B I don‘t hope C It‘s hopeless D I hope not Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from others a village b dangerous c gossip d passenger a which b changeable c each d characteristic a happy b husband c have d hour a iron b celebrate c parents d restaurant 10 a who b how c which d whose 11 a friend b anniversary c birthday d cream 12 a competition b competitor c contest d question 13 a feat b great c seat d beat 14 a there b than c thought d though 15 a trial b title c diverse d wilderness Choose the word whose primary stress is different from others 16 a biologist b counterpart c compliment d kindergarten 17 a applicant b maximum c category d inflation 18 a renovation b dictionary c intervention d expedition 19 a simple b polite c formal d instant 20 a beautiful b terrific c wonderful d marvelous 21 a conical b different c romantic d careful 22 a cultural b mischievous c interesting d responsible 23 a financial b service c order d.company 24 a hospital b obedient c supportive d biology 25 a family b whenever c occur d Solution D WRITING - share (v) ………………………………………… - rule (n) ………………………………………… Note: Let + O + V1: làm việc Have to / has to + V1: phải Allow / permit + O + to-inf: cho phép làm việc Allow / permit + V-ing: cho phép Be allowed / permitted + to-inf: cho phép Ex: She let me (use) -her pen Students have to (wear) uniform when going to school My mother permitted me (go) out with my friends I was allowed (go) out with my friends She doesn‘t allow (smoke) in her room EXERCISE Linda has worn her new yellow dress only once since she buys it A B C D The telephone rang several times and then stop before I could answer it A B C D Debbie, whose father is an excellent tennis player, has been playing tennis since ten years A B C D I have seen lots of interesting places when I went on holiday last summer A B CD I think it‘s time you change your way of living A B C D When I‘m shopping in the supermarket, I ran into an old friend who I hadn‘t met for five years A B C D The police arrested the man while he is having dinner in a restaurant A B C D We‘ll be cycled to Hoa‘s village at this time next Sunday A B C D What will you when your friends won‘t come ? A B C D 10 Some was knocking at the door when I was doing the washing up A B C D E LANGUAGE FOCUS PRONUNCIATION: * Cách phát âm –s / -es - Có cách phát âm –s –es tận * đọc thành âm /s/ với từ có âm cuối / p, f, k, t, θ / * đọc thành âm /iz/ với từ có âm cuối / s, z, ∫, t∫, dƷ/ * đọc thành âm /z/ với trường hợp lại , books, hats, coughs, laughs, photographs … - Examples: * /iz/: buses, watches, roses, washes, boxes… * /z/: bells, eyes, plays … Note: Các từ: photograph, cough, laugh có âm cuối âm /f/ GRAMMAR: TENSES Hiện đơn (Simple present) * Công thức: V thường to be S + V1/(s/es) S + am / is / are … S + don‟t / doesn‟t + V1 S + am not / isn‟t / aren‟t … Wh- + / does + S + V1…? Wh - + S + is / are …? * Cách dùng: - Chỉ thói qu:eSnhởe huisệunaltlạyi gets up at a.m - Chỉ thật hiển nhiên, chân lý Ex: Water freezes at degree centigrade - Chỉ hành động tương lai đưa vào chương trình, kế hoạch Ex: The new school year begins on September 5th Dấu hiệu: every (every day, every week, every night,… ) often, sometimes, usually, always, frequently, normally, occasionally, as a rule…… twice a week, once a week… Hiện tiếp diễn (Present progressive) * Công thức: S + am / is / are + V-ing S + am / is are + not + V-ing Wh- + am / is / are + S + V-ing…? * Cách dùng: - Chỉ hành động diễn lúc nói Ex: Listen! Someone is knocking at the door I am studying English now - Chỉ hành động dự kiến có kế hoạch thực tương lai gần Ex: We are having a birthday party next week - Chỉ hành động có tính chất tạm thời Ex: Everyday she goes to work by car, but today she is going by train - Với chữ always đế diễn tả hành động làm bực bội người khác, hay lời phàn nàn… Ex: He is always talking in the class - Hai hành động xảy song song Ex: She is cooking dinner while her husband is watching T.V now * Dấu hiệu: - Câu bắt đầu mệnh lệnh như: Listen!, Look!, Pay attention!, Keep silent! Be quiet! Be careful từ: now, right now, at the moment, at present, today, while, next…(chỉ dự định) Hiện hoàn thành (Present perfect): * Công thức: S + have / has + V3/-ed S + haven‟t / hasn‟t + V3/-ed Wh- + have / has + S + V3/-ed…? * Cách dùng: - Chỉ hành động xảy khứ khơng có thời gian xác định Ex: I haven‘t met him before - Chỉ hành động vừa xảy ra, hay vừa hoàn tất Ex: She has just finished her homework - Chỉ hành động xảy khứ, kéo dài đến tiếp tục tương lai Ex: My father has worked in this company for 10 years *neDveấru, heivệeur:, recently (gần đây), lately (mới đây), just (vừa mới), already (đã rồi) since + mốc thời gian: từ, từ for + khoảng thời gian, so far, up to now, up to the present, until now: before (trước đây), yet, (dùng câu phủ định câu hỏi) many times, several times: nhiều lần how long, this is the first time / the second time, four times , five times… in the last / past + số năm in the last five years: năm năm qua Hiện hồn thành tiếp diễn * Cơng thức: S + have / has + been + V-ing S + haven‟t / hasn‟t + been + V-ing Wh- + have / has + S + been + V-ing …? * Cách dùng: - Một hành động xảy khứ, kéo dài đến tiếp tục tương lai nhấn mạnh liên tục hành động Ex: I’ve been working here for ten years now * Dấu hiệu: for + khoảng thời gian + now, ... Almost everyone for home by the time we arrived A leave B left C leaves D had left Tài liệu sưu tầm 22 By the age of 25, he two famous novels A wrote B writes C has written D had written 23 While... won‘t come to the party because I had an interview for a job with a publishing firm A B C D Tài liệu sưu tầm 50 When you will come to Dalat next summer, I will take you round the city A B C D UNIT... proofs A asks A sees B books B laughs B sports C points C lives C pools D days D hopes D trains Tài liệu sưu tầm A tombs B lamps C brakes D invites A books B floors C combs D drums A cats B tapes