L90 line current differential system instruction manual

L90 Line Current Differential System Instruction Manual GE Grid Solutions Instruction Manual Product version 8 2x GE publication code 1601 0081 AL2 L90 Line Current Differential System 1601 0081 AL2 L. Xác định hãm phần trăm cho dòng hãm dưới Lower Break (BREAK 1). Cài đặt này xác định mức độ nhạy của relay với những sự cố ở bên trong dòng thấp. Cài đặt này phải đủ lớn để bao trùm dòng so lệch giả tạo ra do sự bảo hòa CT khi vận hành ở chế độ tuyến tính khi ở trong chế độ man tải và sự cố bên ngoài.

GE Grid Solutions L90 Line Current Differential System Instruction Manual Product version: 8.2x GE publication code: 1601-0081-AL2 ISO 9001 E IN G LISTED IND.CONT EQ 52TL S T ER GI ED RE E83849 M U LT I L 1601-0081-AL2 Copyright © 2021 GE Multilin All rights reserved L90 Line Current Differential System Instruction Manual for version 8.2x L90, FlexLogic, FlexElement, FlexCurve, FlexAnalog, FlexInteger, FlexState, EnerVista, CyberSentry, HardFiber, Universal Relay, Multilin, and GE Multilin are trademarks or registered trademarks of GE Multilin or General Electric Company Corporation The contents of this manual are the property of GE Multilin This documentation is furnished on license and may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the permission of GE Multilin The content of this manual is for informational use only and is subject to change without notice Part number: 1601-0081-AL2 (July 2021) L90 Line Current Differential System Table of contents INTRODUCTION 1.1 Safety symbols and definitions 1-1 General cautions and warnings 1-1 For further assistance 1-2 1.1.1 1.2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2.1 Product description 2-1 Features 2-3 Pilot channel relaying 2-5 2.2.1 Inter-relay communications 2-5 2.2.2 Channel monitor 2-7 2.2.3 Loopback test 2-7 2.2.4 Direct transfer tripping 2-8 Security 2-8 Order codes 2-12 2.4.1 Order codes with enhanced CT/VT modules .2-12 2.4.2 Order codes with process bus modules 2-21 2.4.3 Replacement modules .2-28 Signal processing 2-30 2.5.1 UR signal processing 2-30 Specifications 2-32 2.6.1 Protection elements 2-33 2.6.2 User-programmable elements 2-47 2.6.3 Monitoring 2-48 2.6.4 Metering 2-50 2.6.5 Inputs .2-50 2.6.6 Power supply 2-52 2.6.7 Outputs 2-52 2.6.8 Communication protocols 2-54 2.6.9 Inter-relay communications 2-56 2.6.10 CyberSentry security 2-57 2.6.11 Graphical front panel 2-57 2.6.12 Environmental 2-58 2.6.13 Type tests .2-59 2.6.14 Production tests 2-59 2.6.15 Approvals .2-60 2.6.16 Maintenance .2-60 2.1.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 L90 LINE CURRENT DIFFERENTIAL SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL iii TABLE OF CONTENTS INSTALLATION 3.1 3.2 INTERFACES 4.1 Unpack and inspect 3-1 Panel cutouts 3-2 3.2.1 Horizontal units 3-2 3.2.2 Vertical units 3-6 3.2.3 Rear terminal layout 3-10 3.3 Wiring .3-13 3.3.1 Typical wiring 3-13 3.3.2 Dielectric strength 3-15 3.3.3 Control power 3-15 3.3.4 CT/VT modules 3-16 3.3.5 Process Bus Module for HardFiber 3-18 3.3.6 Contact inputs and outputs 3-19 3.3.7 Transducer inputs and outputs 3-31 3.3.8 RS232 port 3-33 3.3.9 CPU communication ports 3-34 3.3.10 IRIG-B 3-37 3.4 Pilot channel communications 3-38 3.4.1 Fiber: LED and ELED transmitters 3-39 3.4.2 Fiber laser transmitters 3-39 3.4.3 G.703 interface 3-40 3.4.4 RS422 interface 3-44 3.4.5 Two-channel two-clock RS422 interface 3-46 3.4.6 RS422 and fiber interface 3-47 3.4.7 G.703 and fiber interface 3-47 3.4.8 IEEE C37.94 interface 3-48 3.4.9 C37.94SM interface 3-51 3.5 Activate relay 3-54 3.6 Install software .3-55 3.6.1 EnerVista communication overview 3-55 3.6.2 System requirements 3-56 3.6.3 Install software 3-56 3.7 Add device to software 3-58 3.7.1 Set IP address in UR 3-58 3.7.2 Configure serial connection 3-64 3.7.3 Configure Ethernet connection 3-66 3.7.4 Configure modem connection 3-67 3.7.5 Automatic discovery of UR devices 3-67 3.8 Connect to the L90 .3-68 3.8.1 Connect to the L90 in EnerVista 3-68 3.8.2 Use Quick Connect via front RS232 port 3-69 3.8.3 Use Quick Connect via front USB port 3-70 3.8.4 Use Quick Connect via a rear Ethernet port 3-70 3.9 Set up CyberSentry and change default password .3-71 3.10 Import settings .3-72 3.10.1 Import settings from XML file 3-72 3.10.2 Import settings from device files 3-76 3.11 Connect to D400 gateway 3-77 3.11.1 Oscillography files 3-77 3.11.2 Event records 3-77 3.11.3 Log files 3-78 3.11.4 Setting files 3-78 EnerVista software interface 4-1 Introduction .4-1 4.1.1 iv L90 LINE CURRENT DIFFERENTIAL SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS 4.1.2 4.1.3 4.1.4 4.1.5 4.1.6 4.1.7 4.1.8 4.1.9 4.2 Settings files 4-1 Event viewing 4-2 File support 4-3 EnerVista main window 4-3 Protection summary window 4-5 Settings templates 4-6 Secure and lock FlexLogic equations 4-10 Settings file traceability 4-13 Front panel interface 4-16 Front panel 4-16 Front panel display 4-18 Front panel navigation keys 4-39 LED indicators 4-40 Front panel labelling 4-45 Menu navigation .4-51 Change settings 4-53 View actual values 4-58 Breaker control 4-59 Change passwords 4-60 Invalid password entry 4-62 Logic diagrams 4-62 FlexLogic design using Engineer 4-63 4.4.1 Design logic 4-65 4.4.2 Send file to and from device 4-75 4.4.3 Monitor logic .4-76 4.4.4 View front panel and print labels 4-77 4.4.5 Generate connectivity report .4-77 4.4.6 Preferences 4-78 4.4.7 Toolbars 4-81 4.2.1 4.2.2 4.2.3 4.2.4 4.2.5 4.2.6 4.2.7 4.2.8 4.2.9 4.2.10 4.2.11 4.3 4.4 SETTINGS 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Settings menu 5-1 Overview 5-4 5.2.1 Introduction to elements 5-4 5.2.2 Introduction to AC sources 5-6 Product setup 5-8 5.3.1 Security 5-8 5.3.2 Display properties 5-28 5.3.3 Graphical front panel 5-30 5.3.4 Clear relay records 5-43 5.3.5 Communications 5-44 5.3.6 Modbus user map 5-116 5.3.7 Real-time clock .5-117 5.3.8 Fault reports 5-123 5.3.9 Oscillography 5-126 5.3.10 Data logger 5-128 5.3.11 Demand .5-130 5.3.12 User-programmable LEDs 5-131 5.3.13 User-programmable self-tests 5-135 5.3.14 Control pushbuttons 5-136 5.3.15 User-programmable pushbuttons 5-138 5.3.16 Flex state parameters 5-144 5.3.17 User-definable displays 5-145 5.3.18 Installation 5-147 Remote resources 5-147 5.4.1 Remote resources configuration .5-147 L90 LINE CURRENT DIFFERENTIAL SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL v TABLE OF CONTENTS 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 vi System setup 5-148 5.5.1 AC inputs 5-148 5.5.2 Power system 5-149 5.5.3 Signal sources 5-150 5.5.4 87L power system 5-155 5.5.5 Breakers 5-162 5.5.6 Disconnect switch control 5-170 5.5.7 FlexCurves 5-177 5.5.8 Phasor Measurement Unit 5-184 Process Bus Module 5-205 5.6.1 Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP) 5-205 5.6.2 High-availability seamless redundancy (HSR) 5-206 5.6.3 General 5-208 5.6.4 PBM PTP 5-211 5.6.5 SV Stream Config 5-214 FlexLogic 5-228 5.7.1 FlexLogic operands 5-228 5.7.2 FlexLogic rules 5-247 5.7.3 FlexLogic evaluation 5-247 5.7.4 FlexLogic example 5-248 5.7.5 FlexLogic equation editor 5-253 5.7.6 FlexLogic timers 5-253 5.7.7 FlexElements 5-253 5.7.8 Non-volatile latches 5-258 Grouped elements 5-259 5.8.1 Overview 5-259 5.8.2 Setting group 5-259 5.8.3 Line differential elements 5-260 5.8.4 Line pickup 5-265 5.8.5 Distance 5-267 5.8.6 Power swing detect (ANSI 68) 5-288 5.8.7 Load encroachment 5-297 5.8.8 Phase current 5-299 5.8.9 Neutral current 5-311 5.8.10 Wattmetric ground fault 5-324 5.8.11 Ground current 5-328 5.8.12 Negative sequence current 5-338 5.8.13 Breaker failure (ANSI 50BF) 5-344 5.8.14 Voltage elements 5-353 5.8.15 Supervising elements 5-368 5.8.16 Sensitive directional power 5-375 Control elements 5-378 5.9.1 Overview 5-378 5.9.2 Trip bus 5-379 5.9.3 Setting groups 5-381 5.9.4 Selector switch 5-383 5.9.5 Trip output 5-390 5.9.6 Underfrequency (ANSI 81U) 5-400 5.9.7 Overfrequency (ANSI 81O) 5-401 5.9.8 Synchrocheck (ANSI 25) 5-402 5.9.9 Digital elements 5-408 5.9.10 Digital counters 5-411 5.9.11 Monitoring elements 5-413 5.9.12 Pilot schemes 5-435 5.9.13 Autoreclose (ANSI 79) 5-459 5.9.14 Frequency rate of change (ANSI 81R) 5-472 L90 LINE CURRENT DIFFERENTIAL SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS 5.9.15 Multi-range signal oscillation detector (MSOD) 5-473 5.10 Inputs/outputs 5-477 5.10.1 Contact inputs 5-477 5.10.2 Virtual inputs 5-479 5.10.3 Contact outputs .5-480 5.10.4 Virtual outputs 5-484 5.10.5 Direct inputs and outputs 5-484 5.10.6 Resetting 5-486 5.11 Transducer inputs/outputs 5-486 5.11.1 DCmA inputs 5-486 5.11.2 RTD inputs 5-487 5.11.3 DCmA outputs 5-489 5.12 Testing 5-493 5.12.1 IED mode config .5-493 5.12.2 Force contact inputs 5-496 5.12.3 Force contact outputs 5-497 5.12.4 Phasor Measurement Unit test values 5-497 5.12.5 Channel tests 5-499 5.13 Simulation 5-499 5.13.1 Subscribe to simulated values 5-499 5.13.2 Publish simulated values .5-501 ACTUAL VALUES 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 Actual Values menu 6-1 Front panel 6-4 6.2.1 Enhanced and standard front panels 6-4 6.2.2 Graphical front panel 6-4 Status 6-5 6.3.1 IED 6-5 6.3.2 Contact inputs 6-5 6.3.3 Virtual inputs 6-6 6.3.4 RxGOOSE boolean inputs 6-6 6.3.5 RxGOOSE DPS inputs 6-6 6.3.6 Direct inputs 6-6 6.3.7 Contact outputs 6-7 6.3.8 Virtual outputs 6-7 6.3.9 RxGOOSE status 6-7 6.3.10 RxGOOSE statistics 6-8 6.3.11 Autoreclose 6-8 6.3.12 Channel tests 6-8 6.3.13 Digital counters 6-10 6.3.14 Selector switches 6-10 6.3.15 Flex states 6-10 6.3.16 Ethernet 6-10 6.3.17 Real time clock synchronizing 6-11 6.3.18 Remaining connection status .6-11 6.3.19 Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP) 6-12 6.3.20 TxGOOSE status 6-13 6.3.21 Protocol 6-13 Metering 6-13 6.4.1 Metering conventions .6-13 6.4.2 Differential current 6-17 6.4.3 Sources 6-18 6.4.4 Sensitive directional power 6-24 6.4.5 Synchrocheck 6-24 6.4.6 Tracking frequency 6-25 L90 LINE CURRENT DIFFERENTIAL SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL vii TABLE OF CONTENTS 6.4.7 6.4.8 6.4.9 6.4.10 6.4.11 6.4.12 6.4.13 6.4.14 6.4.15 6.4.16 6.4.17 6.4.18 6.5 Frequency rate of change 6-25 FlexElements 6-25 RxGOOSE analogs 6-26 Wattmetric ground fault 6-26 Phasor Measurement Unit 6-26 PMU aggregator 6-27 Volts per hertz 6-27 Restricted ground fault 6-28 Transducer inputs and outputs 6-28 Distance 6-28 Harmonic detection 6-30 Multi-range signal oscillation detector (MSOD) 6-30 Remote resources .6-30 Field unit 6-30 Process Bus Module .6-31 6.6.1 General status 6-31 6.6.2 RxSV status 6-31 6.6.3 Clock synchronizing 6-32 6.6.4 PRP 6-33 6.6.5 HSR 6-34 Records 6-34 6.7.1 Fault reports 6-34 6.7.2 Event records 6-36 6.7.3 Oscillography 6-38 6.7.4 Data logger 6-38 6.7.5 Phasor Measurement Unit records 6-39 6.7.6 Breaker maintenance 6-39 Product information 6-40 6.8.1 Model information 6-40 6.8.2 Firmware revisions 6-41 6.5.1 6.6 6.7 6.8 COMMANDS AND TARGETS 7.1 7.2 APPLICATION OF SETTINGS 8.1 CT requirements .8-1 Introduction .8-1 CT saturation analysis tool .8-2 Time synch requirements for process bus line differential 8-3 Current differential (87L) settings .8-4 8.3.1 Introduction .8-4 8.3.2 Current differential pickup 8-4 8.3.3 Current differential restraint 8-5 8.3.4 Current differential restraint 8-5 8.3.5 Current differential break point 8-5 8.3.6 CT tap 8-5 8.3.7 Breaker-and-a-half 8-7 8.1.1 8.1.2 8.2 8.3 viii Commands menu 7-1 Virtual inputs 7-2 Clear records 7-2 Set date and time 7-3 Relay maintenance 7-3 Phasor Measurement Unit one-shot 7-5 Security 7-6 Targets menu 7-7 7.2.1 Target messages 7-7 7.2.2 Relay self-tests .7-7 7.1.1 7.1.2 7.1.3 7.1.4 7.1.5 7.1.6 L90 LINE CURRENT DIFFERENTIAL SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS 8.3.8 Distributed bus protection .8-11 Channel asymmetry compensation using GPS 8-11 8.4.1 Introduction 8-11 8.4.2 Compensation method 8-12 8.4.3 Compensation method 8-13 8.4.4 Compensation method 8-13 8.5 Distance backup/supervision 8-14 8.5.1 Overview .8-14 8.5.2 Phase distance 8-16 8.5.3 Ground distance 8-17 8.6 Protection signaling schemes 8-18 8.6.1 Overview .8-18 8.6.2 Direct under-reaching transfer trip (DUTT) 8-18 8.6.3 Permissive under-reaching transfer trip (PUTT) 8-19 8.6.4 Permissive over-reaching transfer trip (POTT) 8-19 8.6.5 Hybrid POTT scheme (HYB-POTT) 8-20 8.6.6 Directional comparison blocking 8-20 8.6.7 Directional comparison unblocking 8-21 8.7 Series compensated lines 8-23 8.7.1 Distance settings 8-23 8.7.2 Ground directional overcurrent 8-24 8.8 Lines with tapped transformers 8-25 8.8.1 Overview .8-25 8.8.2 Transformer load currents 8-25 8.8.3 LV-side faults 8-26 8.8.4 External ground faults 8-26 8.9 Instantaneous elements 8-26 8.9.1 Instantaneous element error during L90 synchronization 8-26 8.10 Phase distance through power transformers 8-29 8.10.1 Phase distance protection .8-29 8.10.2 Example 8-30 8.4 COMMISSIONING 9.1 10 THEORY OF OPERATION 10.1 Overview 10-1 10.1.1 L90 design 10-1 10.1.2 L90 architecture 10-2 10.1.3 Removal of decaying offset 10-2 10.1.4 Phaselet computation 10-2 10.1.5 Disturbance detection 10-3 10.1.6 Fault detection 10-3 10.1.7 Ground differential element 10-5 10.1.8 Clock synchronization 10-6 10.1.9 Frequency tracking and phase locking 10-6 10.1.10 Frequency detection .10-7 10.1.11 Phase detection 10-8 10.1.12 Phase locking filter 10-10 10.1.13 Matching phaselets 10-11 10.1.14 Start-up 10-12 10.1.15 Hardware and communication requirements 10-12 Testing 9-1 9.1.1 Channel testing 9-1 9.1.2 Clock synchronization tests 9-2 9.1.3 Current differential 9-3 9.1.4 Local-remote relay tests 9-4 L90 LINE CURRENT DIFFERENTIAL SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL ix TABLE OF CONTENTS 10.1.16 10.1.17 10.1.18 10.1.19 10.1.20 Online estimate of measurement errors 10-12 CT saturation detection 10-13 Charging current compensation 10-14 Differential element characteristics 10-15 Relay synchronization 10-16 10.2 Operating condition characteristics 10-18 10.2.1 Description 10-18 10.2.2 Trip decision example 10-20 10.2.3 Trip decision test 10-20 10.3 Distance elements 10-21 10.3.1 Introduction 10-21 10.3.2 Phasor estimation 10-22 10.3.3 Distance characteristics 10-22 10.3.4 Fast distance algorithm 10-27 10.3.5 Memory polarization 10-28 10.3.6 Distance elements analysis 10-29 10.4 Cross-country faults 10-32 10.4.1 Cross-country fault protection for solidly grounded systems 10-32 10.4.2 Ground fault distance protection for isolated and compensated systems 10-32 10.4.3 Cross-country faults on isolated or compensated systems 10-33 10.4.4 First ground fault detection 10-34 10.4.5 Second ground fault detection logic 10-36 10.4.6 Phase preference tripping logic 10-37 10.4.7 Zone starting logic 10-37 10.5 Phase distance applied to power transformers 10-38 10.5.1 Description 10-38 10.5.2 Example 10-42 10.6 Single-pole tripping 10-44 10.6.1 Overview 10-44 10.6.2 Phase selection 10-47 10.6.3 Communications channels for pilot-aided schemes 10-49 10.6.4 Permissive echo signaling 10-55 10.6.5 Pilot scheme / phase selector coordination 10-56 10.6.6 Cross-country fault example 10-57 10.7 Fault locator 10-58 10.7.1 Overview 10-58 10.7.2 Multi-ended fault locator 10-58 10.7.3 Single-ended fault locator 10-66 10.8 Subcycle distance algorithm 10-69 11 MAINTENANCE x 11.1 Monitoring .11-1 11.1.1 Devices with Site Targets 11-1 11.1.2 Data with Modbus Analyzer 11-1 11.2 General maintenance 11-3 11.2.1 In-service maintenance 11-3 11.2.2 Out-of-service maintenance 11-3 11.2.3 Unscheduled maintenance (system interruption) 11-3 11.3 Retrieve files 11-3 11.3.1 CyberSentry security event files 11-4 11.4 Convert device settings .11-5 11.5 Copy settings to other device 11-7 11.6 Export settings 11-7 11.7 Compare settings 11-8 11.7.1 Compare against defaults 11-8 L90 LINE CURRENT DIFFERENTIAL SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL 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ABBREVIATIONS INDEX L90 LINE CURRENT DIFFERENTIAL SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL xi TABLE OF CONTENTS xii L90 LINE CURRENT DIFFERENTIAL SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL L90 Line Current Differential System Chapter... DIFFERENTIAL SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL 1-3 FOR FURTHER ASSISTANCE CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1-4 L90 LINE CURRENT DIFFERENTIAL SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL L90 Line Current Differential System Chapter... connection 1-2 L90 LINE CURRENT DIFFERENTIAL SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION FOR FURTHER ASSISTANCE Figure 1-1: Generate service report in EnerVista software L90 LINE CURRENT DIFFERENTIAL