ENGLISH for Environmental Technology DANG THI VAN ANH PHAN VU BINH MINH HCMC UNIVERSITY OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES ******************* DANG THI VAN ANH PHAN VU BINH MINH ENGLI[.]
DANG THI VAN ANH - PHAN VU BINH MINH ENGLISH for Environmental Technology HCMC UNIVERSITY OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES ******************* DANG THI VAN ANH PHAN VU BINH MINH ENGLISH for Environmental Technology VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY HOCHIMINH CITY PUBLISHING HOUSE HOCHIMINH CITY, 2016 TABLE OF CONTENTS Unit 1: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY? Unit 2: THE ATMOSPHERE AND ECOSYSTEM 13 Unit 3: ENERGY RESOURCES 23 Unit 4: AIR POLLUTION 34 Unit 5: NOISE POLLUTION 49 Unit 6: WATER POLLUTION 58 Unit 7: WASTEWATER TREATMENT 73 Unit 8: SOLID WASTES 89 Unit 9: SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT 102 Unit 10: SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 114 REFERENCES 129 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Look at the pictures which are all about Environmental science and discuss the following questions What you think is environmental science? How you distinguish the Earth sciences and environmental science? How you distinguish environmental technology? environmental science and How many branches of environmental science you think of? What are they? LISTENING Task 1: Listen to the lecturer talking about branches of environmental science and fill in the blanks Various branches of environmental science can be broadly categorized as sciences, _, environmental _, geosciences and environmental sciences study the phenomena of the Earth’s gaseous outer with an emphasis on its relationship to other of the biosphere analyzes the dynamics of a in a given area and some aspects of its environment Environmental focuses on chemical alterations in the environment, including contamination and water Geosciences include disciplines such as geology, physical and geomorphology Environmental is a process of appraisal through which environmental protection and development are considered (Adapted from Lee, 2009) Task 2: Listen to the lecturer talking about the Earth sciences and environmental science and fill in the blanks Both the sciences and environmental science deal with process and change in our natural environment Environmental science is principally concerned with changes made by _ _ and the subsequent implications for the ecosphere The Earth sciences focus on process and change within the _ environment without the added factor of _ intervention (Adapted from Lee, 2009) Task 3: Work with a partner and answer the questions below, using information from two lectures above How many branches of Environmental science are there? What are they? What are the similarities and differences between the Environmental science and the Earth science? What does the atmospheric science deal with? What does ecology deal with? What does environmental chemistry focus on? What geosciences include? What is environmental assessment? VOCABULARY Task 1: What are meanings of the following prefixes? Give at least one example to each prefix Prefix Meaning Examples bioecogeointermeteoro- ……………………………… ……………………………… ……………………………… ……………………………… ……………………………… ……………………………… ……………………………… ……………………………… ……………………………… ……………………………… Task 2: Complete each sentence with one of the words or phrases in the box Change the form if necessary plant couple cycle web greenbelt chain greenhouse deposit A huge coal _ has been found in Western Africa The _ was created to stop urban areas spreading into the countryside They haven’t built any new nuclear power _ since the late 1980s The oxygen atom _ with the oxygen molecule to form ozone The series of changes that a living thing goes through from the beginning of its life until death is called a _ A food _ is the flow of energy from one organism to the next A food _ extends the food chain concept from a simple pathway to a complex network of interactions _ gas emissions continue to rise as the world economy grows (Adapted from Lee, 2009) READING WHAT IS ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY? Environmental technology refers to the field of science concerned with reducing the human impact on the environment through technological advances or improvements Some common applications of environmental technology deal with reducing energy consumption, limiting man-made damage to the physical environment, and reducing waste Areas of research in the field may involve cleaner energy sources, improved energy efficiency in transportation and buildings, and methods that decrease or prevent pollution This is a broad field that draws on many sciences, some of which include chemistry, ecology, and biology Innovation and advances in environmental technology may have commercial applications, save money, or be designed to meet government regulations One focus of environmental technology is on finding, using, and developing clean sources of energy that have a limited impact on the natural environment The use of fossil fuels in electricity production transportation is not only responsible for releasing particulate matter known as smog, but also for emitting carbon dioxide According to the United States government and others, carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas and pollutant with the potential to harm human health through climate change Other applications of environmental technology may deal with other aspects of electricity generation This may include improving the efficiency, capacity, or availability of newer power sources, such as wind turbines or solar panels It may also involve developing relatively newer sources of energy like wave power or hydrogen fuel cells Basic economic factors are often a spur to advances in environmental technology This is due in part to the fact that cost-saving solutions are usually the most efficient Cost increases of fuels such as gasoline, for instance, have led to technology aimed at reducing fuel consumption Advances in automobile fuel efficiency lower fuel costs while reducing harmful emissions Many countries have vehicle efficiency regulations that were originally developed to conserve energy and keep fuel prices low but also help combat pollution problems like smog Various ways of making buildings more energy efficient have also been a focus of the science This could include reducing energy costs related to lighting, heating and cooling, and water use So-called sustainable or green design refers to the planned use of environmental technology in constructing new buildings that have minimal environmental impact Environmental technology also deals with diverse topics related to human and environmental health, such as waste management, toxicology, and wildlife protection (Schreiber, 2015) Task 1: Complete each space in the following statements with no more than four words from the reading text _ is commonly concerning cleaner energy sources, energy-efficient transportation and buildings, and pollution-preventive methods Environmental technology draws on many sciences including _ Environmental technology focuses on improving the _ of newer power sources, such as wind turbines or solar panels and developing relatively newer sources of energy like wave power or _ Environmental technology also focuses on ways of making buildings _ Advances in environmental technology are results of seeking and reducing _ Task 2: Answer the following questions with a partner What is environmental technology? In what way is environmental technology different from environmental science? What applications of environmental technology deal with? What you think is the most important aspect/ application of environmental technology? Why? Is there a relationship between enviromental technology and sustainable development? What is it, if any? TRANSLATION Task 1: Translate the following sentences into Vietnamese Environmental science is often equated with the Earth science disciplines, such as geology and meteorology The phrase human activity is a common factor that connects all the disciplines together under the umbrella of Environmental science Environmental science exists as a body of knowledge where specialists work together to address a particular problem that has been created by human activity (Adapted from Lee, 2009) Task 2: Translate the following sentences into English Sinh yếu tố quan trọng Trái Đất Nó bao gồm: vỏ trái đất, nước khí Nó ngơi nhà chung cho tất loài sinh vật Hệ sinh thái bao gồm tập hợp quần xã sinh vật khu vực sống sinh vật Các nhà địa mạo học nghiên cứu hình thành phát triển địa hình dự đốn biến đổi địa hình tương lai thơng qua việc kết hợp quan sát thực tế thí nghiệm vật lý 10 ... questions with a partner What is environmental technology? In what way is environmental technology different from environmental science? What applications of environmental technology deal with? What... planned use of environmental technology in constructing new buildings that have minimal environmental impact Environmental technology also deals with diverse topics related to human and environmental. ..HCMC UNIVERSITY OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES ******************* DANG THI VAN ANH PHAN VU BINH MINH ENGLISH for Environmental Technology VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY HOCHIMINH