Statistics AP book2 indd AP® Statistics 2005–2006 Professional Development Workshop Materials Special Focus Inference connect to college success™ www collegeboard com AP® Statistics 2005–2006 Workshop[.]
AP® Statistics 2005–2006 Professional Development Workshop Materials Special Focus: Inference connect to college success™ www.collegeboard.com The College Board: Connecting Students to College Success The College Board is a not-for-profit membership association whose mission is to connect students to college success and opportunity Founded in 1900, the association is composed of more than 4,700 schools, colleges, universities, and other educational organizations Each year, the College Board serves over three and a half million students and their parents, 23,000 high schools, and 3,500 colleges through major programs and services in college admissions, guidance, assessment, financial aid, enrollment, and teaching and learning Among its bestknown programs are the SAT®, the PSAT/NMSQT®, and the Advanced Placement Program® (AP®) The College Board is committed to the principles of excellence and equity, and that commitment is embodied in all of its programs, services, activities, and concerns Equity Policy Statement The College Board believes that all students should be prepared for and have an opportunity to participate successfully in college, and that equitable access to higher education must be a guiding principle for teachers, counselors, administrators, and policymakers As part of this, all students should be given appropriate guidance about college admissions, and provided the full support necessary to ensure college admission and success All students should be encouraged to accept the challenge of a rigorous academic curriculum through enrollment in college preparatory programs and AP courses Schools should make every effort to ensure that AP and other college-level classes reflect the diversity of the student population The College Board encourages the elimination of barriers that limit access to demanding courses for all students, particularly those from traditionally underrepresented ethnic, racial, and socioeconomic groups For more information about equity and access in principle and practice, please send an email to apequity@collegeboard.org © 2005 The College Board All rights reserved College Board, AP Central, APCD, Advanced Placement Program, AP, AP Vertical Teams, Pre-AP, SAT, and the acorn logo are registered trademarks of the College Board Admitted Class Evaluation Service, CollegeEd, connect to college success, MyRoad, SAT Professional Development, SAT Readiness Program, and Setting the Cornerstones are trademarks owned by the College Board PSAT/NMSQT is a registered trademark of the College Board and National Merit Scholarship Corporation All other products and services herein may be trademarks of their respective owners Permission to use copyrighted College Board materials may be requested online at: www.collegeboard.com/inquiry/cbpermit.html Visit the College Board on the Web: www.collegeboard.com AP Central is the official online home for the AP Program and Pre-AP: apcentral.collegeboard.com ii AP® Statistics: 2005–2006 Workshop Materials The College Board mission to connect students to college success and opportunity is supported by the work of the K–12 Professional Development unit Through the vast resources on AP Central, publications, workshops, electronic discussion groups (EDGs), online events, and other resources, AP teachers find valuable support for the important work of teaching challenging content, developing enthusiasm for learning in their students, and preparing students for the AP Exam The materials in this book were developed and produced in a joint effort by the College Board’s K–12 Professional Development Content Development Group and the Technology and Digital Production Group To learn more about the entire K–12 Professional Development and AP Program staff, visit the About Us page on AP Central Michael Johanek Executive Director K–12 Professional Development Content Development Technology and Digital Production Susan Kornstein Director Edward Nothnagle Director Lawrence Charap Head, History/Social Sciences Content Development Group Matthew Hume Digital Production Coordinator Marcia Wilbur Head, World Languages and Cultures Content Development Group Alexandra Ringe Content Producer Austin Caperton Coordinator Gibson Knott Project Assistant AP® Statistics: 2005–2006 Workshop Materials iii Important Note on Course Updates The Course Description on AP Central® provides current information about the AP® courses and exams Other materials included in this book may have been published at an earlier date and may include information that has been recently updated News about updates to courses and exams is available on AP Central at apcentral.collegeboard.com Recent Course Updates Statistics The Student Performance Q&A for the 2005 exam (available on AP Central this fall) provides valuable information on areas in which students continue to need attention In general, on the free-response questions students need to be encouraged to show all of their work and justify their answers Sample student responses with corresponding commentary on AP Central should also add to teachers’ and students’ understanding of what is expected on these questions More details on student performance in 2005, in all content areas of the exam, can be found on AP Central AP® Statistics: 2005–2006 Workshop Materials v Table of Contents Table of Contents I Welcome College Board President, Gaston Caperton Executive Director, K–12 Professional Development, Michael Johanek AP Statistics Development Committee Chair, Linda J Young II Special Focus: Inference Why Inference? Chris Olsen The Role of Inference in the AP Statistics Curriculum Roxy Peck Assumptions 12 Floyd Bullard Some Reflections on How Inference Questions on the AP Exam are Scored 44 Daniel S Yates Model Responses 60 Daren Starnes Inferential Problems for Practice 74 Chris Olsen Contributors 85 AP® Statistics: 2005–2006 Workshop Materials vii Table of Contents III The Course 87 Excerpt from the 2005, 2006 AP Statistics Course Description 87 2005–2006 AP Statistics Development Committee 127 IV The Examination 129 Exam Format 129 Multiple-Choice Questions and Answers from the 2002 AP Statistics Released Exam 130 2005 Free-Response Questions 153 2005 Scoring Guidelines 166 2005 Question Overview 185 2005 Score Legend 188 2005 Scoring Commentary 189 2005 Sample Student Responses 196 2005 Free-Response Questions: Form B 227 2005 Scoring Guidelines: Form B 233 2006 Exam Schedule 250 V Professional Development 251 Introduction 251 AP Central 255 Pre-AP Professional Development 259 AP Publications and Other Resources 263 AP Order Form 264 Becoming an AP Exam Reader 276 viii AP® Statistics: 2005–2006 Workshop Materials Table of Contents Becoming an AP and Pre-AP Workshop Consultant 282 VI Program Information 283 Purpose and History 283 Advanced Placement Report to the Nation 286 AP Grades and College Credit 287 AP Potential 289 Exam Security 291 College Board Regional Offices 292 AP® Statistics: 2005–2006 Workshop Materials ix ... Professional Development AP? ? Statistics: 2005–2006 Workshop Materials Welcome AP Statistics Development Committee Chair Linda J Young To AP Statistics teachers: Welcome to this AP Statistics workshop!... College Board on the Web: www.collegeboard.com AP Central is the official online home for the AP Program and Pre -AP: apcentral.collegeboard.com ii AP? ? Statistics: 2005–2006 Workshop Materials The... send an email to apequity@collegeboard.org © 2005 The College Board All rights reserved College Board, AP Central, APCD, Advanced Placement Program, AP, AP Vertical Teams, Pre -AP, SAT, and the