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II HlTdNG DAN QUAN Li, s i r DUNG HOC TAP M 6 N TOAN TlioNG QL4 TillCT Bl Dl DONG TS Tran Trung Trudng Die bi Dqi hgc Ddn tdc Sdm Sffii 1 Hoc tap mon Toan vdi dien thoai di dong (DTDD) DTDD la mgt thi[.]
II HlTdNG DAN QUAN Li, sir DUNG HOC TAP M N TOAN TlioNG QL4 TillCT Bl Dl DONG TS Tran Trung Trudng Die bi Dqi hgc Ddn tdc Sdm Sffii Hoc tap mon Toan vdi dien thoai di dong (DTDD) DTDD la mgt thiet bj ca nhan luon dugc nhieu hgc sinh (HS) mang theo ben minh, dem lai tiem nang rat to ldn giup HS hgc tap mgt each dge lap, hudng vao ngudi hgc Day cung la mgt thiet bi tot giiip giao vien (GV) co the thiet ke cac hoat dgng hgc tap hgp tac: ""Kit qud ciia sir tirong tdc hudng trgng tdm vdo HS se giiip cdc em tham gia nhieu hon vd ciing giiip dd de phdt Irien cd nhdn, kien thdc vd hieu biet sdu hon ve niii dung hgc tap" (Stahl, 1995) Viec chia se hgc tap se giup HS c6 CO bgi tham gia thao luan, chiu trach nhiem ve viec hgc ciia chinh hg Vi vay, cac em se trd nhung ngudi c6 tu phe phan Mgt so chuc nang ciia DTDD ho trg HS su6t qua trinh hgc tap Vi the n6 dang va se la giai phap tot dan thay the e-learning truyen thong: Vdi sir phat trien cua cac cong nghe tren DTDD dien hinh la viec tich hgp cac chirc nang; SMS/MMS, chup anh, quay phim, ghi chii, ghi am 22 • ket noi internet, se giiip GV thuc bien cae chien luge day hgc mdi nham ggi dgng ea, tao cac tinh huong c6 van de qua trinh bgc tap Vdi mgt so bat Igi ciia DTDD (man hinh nb6, dung lugng bg nhd thap, ), ndi dung can dugc thiet ke cho giam nhung ban che va phat huy nhQng thuan lgi ciia DTDD, cu the: Giam dai ciia mgt trang; Giam cac de muc chinh; Cac de muc can de su dung, than thien ban vdi ngudi hgc; Giam viec sir dung ky thuat hga; Ngi dung can de dge (chii y each diing cau chQ, phong chu, each t6m tat ngi dung, hudng dan tra ciru, tai lieu tham khao, ) De tao dieu kien giiip HS bgc tap mgt each dge lap, GV can thiet ke cac de muc cho cac em c6 the linh hoat viec lira chgn cac hoat dgng mudn tham gia Cae de muc chinh cho mgt bai hgc vdi m-learning c6 the gom chii de sau: nhung vdn de chinh cua bdi hgc, cdu hoi kiem tra on tap, cdu hoi kiem tra (trac nghiem) de ddnh gid ket thtic bdi hgc Trong cac bai hgc GV c6 the sir dung cac cau hoi dang diing sai, cau h6i nhieu lua chon va cau TAP CHI THIET Bl GIAO DUC • SO 72 - 8/2011 hdi dien khuyet Qua trinh hgc tap vdi m-learning dien HS CO the dang di chuyen, vay so eac cau hoi kiem tra nen ban che khong qua 10, c6 the cho phep HS hoan bai kiem tra 10 phiit Dieu khuyen khich HS tham gia hgc tap hang ngay, mgi thdi diem, hoan canh khac (chd dgi ban be, tren xe buyt ) Vdi m-learning, HS c6 the chgn ngi dung bgc tap, thdi gian va dja diem hgc tap Ngoai ra, HS phai dieu khien va dieu chinh cac boat dgng bgc tap ciia minh, dong thdi chinh cac em phai tu chju trach nhiem ve viec hgc ciia ban than Hien chua c6 nhieu nghien ciiu trien khai sii' dung DTDD hd trg day hgc toan d trudng thong Tuy nhien, vdi su phat trien cua nganh san xuat phan mem day hgc tren thiet bi dang va se md ca hgi cho ngudi bgc Cac phan mem doc tai lieu tren DTDD giiip HS dn bai d mgi luc, mgi nai Tu dien toan hgc tren DTDD giiip HS tra ciiu cac khai niem va cong thiic toan hgc Cac phan mem hinh hgc dgng, phan mem tinh toan dai so hay II HlTdNG DAN QUAN Ll, sur DUNG phan mem thong ke cung dugc cai dat phien ban danh cbo DTDD nham giup HS thao tac, kiem tra va tinh toan vdi bieu thue toan hgc Han nua, kha nang ket noi internet vdi toe dang dugc cai thien, DTDD se ho trg HS tiep can vdi cac kh6a hgc true tuyen, phien ban danh cho m-learning Cac trang web thiet ke tren DTDD se la mgt nhung iing dung c6 tinh kha thi giup HS hgc tap mon toan tot han Math4Mobile (http://www math4mobile.com) la mgt ung dung dien hinh viec khai thac mgt so phan mem bgc toan danh cho DTDD: Graph2Go: Giiip HS hieu ro ban ve khai niem ham so cung nhu mgt so van de ca ban ciia dai so va giai tich Dac biet vdi chiic nang bieu dien bgi, phan mem cho phep HS thao tac vdi thi va nam dugc phuang trinh bieu dien tuang ung cua n6 Ngoai phan mem bo trg HS kham pha ve cac phep bien doi tbi chuang trinh toan thong Fit2Go: Phan mem giiip HS hieu rd ve mo hinh (dang tuyen tinh hoac bac hai) cua cac du lieu dugc thu thap tir cac hien tugng thuc tien Chuc nang giup GV to chiic cac hoat dgng nh6m dua tren cac tinh huong thuc tien qua idp bgc di dgng Hinh 1: Phdn mim Fit2Go tren DTDD biiu diin mo hinh cua dd lieu CO dgng lidm so bdc hai Solve2Go: Ho trg HS viec giai phuang trinh va bat phuang trinh bang phuang phap tbi Dieu giup HS phat trien nang lire du doan viec tim nghiem cua phuang trinh hoac be phuang trinh Quad2Go: Day la phan mem giiip HS kham pha tinh chat ciia cac loai tir giac HS co the quan sat, thao tac vdi cac doi tugng hinh bgc nham tim tinh chat dac trung va he thong h6a til' giac Sketch2Go: Ho trg HS viee kham pha thi ciia ham so hang, bam so tang (hoac giam) N6 c6 the giiip HS mo hinh boa cac dQ lieu thuc tien va cho ket qua la cac dang thj tuang u'ng ã|iwnôằHMôti.m!MiM f(n qwtcKM.m Hoc tap mon Toan vdi may tinh bo tiii Ngoai DTDD dugc nhac tdi nhu thiet bi se giiip m-learning su dung c6 hieu qua nguon tai nguyen da duge xay dirng cbo he thong e-learning tbi MTBT ca nhan cung la mgt giai phap ho trg true tiep tren Idp hgc truyen thong Giao vien can budng dan HS sir dung may tinh bo till (MTBT) ho trg tim toi, kham pha kien thirc mdi Tuy nhien, cac hoat dgng can dugc kheo leo thiet ke de thiet bi khong triet tieu vai tro ciia thao tac tinh toan bang tay va bang tri nao ciia HS Thiet bj di dgng giup nang eao nhung ky nang nhan biet va hieu ve cac so cung nhu kha nang danh gia, kiem tra lai ket qua; khuyen khich cac boat dgng thu thap cac so lieu thuc te, thuc hien cac boat dgng mo hinh h6a toan hgc Sir dung MTBT cho phep HS tinh toan cac so, c6 the thuc hien cac nhiem vu vugt xa kha nang tinh toan ciia ngu'di va cho ket qua chinh xac Nhieu ket qua dugc bien thj d dang xap xi cung can thiet de giup HS de hieu ban MTBT hien tieh hgp nhieu chuc nang nhu bang tinh toan, md rgng kha nang thuc bien cac phep toan phirc tap nhu nang luy thua, giai phuang trinh, tim nghiem xap xi, day va chuoi so, tinh tich phan, giai phuang trinh vi phan (vl du nhu Casio's Classpad va Texas Instruments' TI-Nspire) binh bgc sa cap, tinh trung binh mau, lech chuan, phan tich dQ lieu, Mgt so MTBT cung cap chuc nang ve thi TAP CHi THI^T B! GlAo D g e - s o 72 - 8/2011 • 23 II HirdNG DAN QUAN U sir DUNG Hinh 2: Cdc loai MTBT ho tra hoc toan bam sd, giiip HS thuc hien mo hinh hda, hieu ro ban ve cac dang bieu dien ciia ham sd, tir d6 thay duac moi lien be giua cac loai bieu dien khac (bieu dien bgi: bang bieu, thi, phuong trinh, cong thirc, ki hieu, ) MTBT khien cac nha giao due toan hoc phai xem xet lai ngi dung va hinli thiic danh gia Theo cac nghien ciiu cua Leinhardt (1990) va Hennessy (1998) thi cac loai MTBT khac c6 kha nang ho trg tdt HS hieu ve ham so va thj (dang thi ham so, bieu dien dai so, hieu ve moi quan he giua cac loai bam so, ); ho trg HS lam quen vdi thong ke, hieu ve cac so lieu thuc te (ghi va phan tich du lieu, ve bieu do, bieu dien cac ham phan bd dQ lieu, kiem chung phi tham so, ); tham chi c6 the thao tac vdi cac phan mem hinh hgc dgng ho trg hgc hinh hgc Nhu vay, vdi nhung tiem nang ciia cac thiet bj di dgng nhu DTDD hay MTBT 24 • frntr n [srr