MAKING CITIES SADER: ACTION BRIEFS FOR MUNICIPAL STAKEHOLDERS potx

1.1 WHY INVEST 1.2 INVEST SMAR T LY 1.3 TAKE RESPONSIBILITY 1.4 PLAN STRATEGICALLY 1.5 ENGAGE THE PUBLIC 2.1 SAFE STREETS 2.2 WOMEN’S SAFETY 2.3 ABORIGINAL PEOPLES’ SAFETY 2.4 PROPERTY SAFETY 2.5 POLICING FOR SAFETY SERIES 1: INVEST SMARTLY IN SAFETY FOR THE CITY SERIES 2: TACKLE SAFETY SUCCESSFULLY IN THE CITY THE CHALLENGE Crime can be reduced and communities made safer by thinking dierently — acting smartly with taxpayers’ money. Two out of three Canadians favour investments in education and jobs over police, judges and prisoners as the way to lower crime. On average each year in Canada, for a city of 100,000 population: • 6,000adultsareassaulted,1,600persons are sexually assaulted, and 1,800 thefts occur from or of cars; • Theloss,injuryandtraumaisequivalent to $150 million; • Policeserviceswillcost$30millionout of local taxes and correctional services will cost $9 million out of federal and provincial taxes. HARNESSING KNOWLEDGE TO PREVENT CRIME In 2008, the Big Cities Mayors Caucus of the Federation of Canadian Municipalities (FCM) called on the Government of Canada to match — dollar for dollar — increased funding for law enforcement with sustained investment in targeted services that prevent crime. The Action Briefs recommend that a city of 100,000 citizens invest $100,000 a year to guide and mobilize more eective actions to reduce crime and victimization — some cities are already investing more and so enjoying signicantly more benets in terms of community safety. Institute for the Prevention of Crime www.ipc.uOttawa.ca Making Cities safer: ACTION BRIEFS FOR MUNICIPAL STAKEHOLDERS Number 3 • March 2009 aCtion Briefs Surrey BC Vancouver BC Calgary AB Edmonton AB Regina SK Montreal QC St. John NB Halifax NS Saskatoon SK Waterloo Region ON Quebec City QC Winnipeg MB Ottawa ON Toronto ON PUBLICATIONS - RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ACTION Federation of Canadian Municipalities - National Action to Prevent Crime and Enhance Community Safety (2008) / Policy Statement on Community and Crime Prevention (2008) United Nations Economic and Social Council – Guidelines for the Prevention of Crime 11th Commission on the Prevention of Crime and Criminal Justice (2002) World Health Organization – Preventing violence: A guide to implementing the recommendations of the World report on violence and health (2002) PUBLICATIONS - TOOLKITS European Forum for Urban Safety – Guidance on Local Safety Audits: A Compendium of International Practice (2007) Federation of Canadian Municipalities – Primer on Municipal Crime Prevention (2000) Fondation Docteur Philippe-Pinel and International Centre for the Prevention of Crime – The Key to Safer Municipalities (2004) PUBLICATIONS – HARNESSING THE PROMISE OF PREVENTION Institute for the Prevention of Crime – Making Cities Safer: International Strategies and Practices (2007) / Making Cities Safer: Canadian Strategies and Practices (2008) Institute for the Prevention of Crime – Building a Safer Canada: First Report of the National Working Group on Crime Prevention (2007) / IPC Review Issues 1, 2, 3 (2007-2009) International Centre for the Prevention of Crime – International Compendium of Crime Prevention Practices (2008) / Public Nuisances Related to Drugs and Prostitution: A Practical Guide for Local Action (2007) / Women’s Safety: A Shared Global Concern Compendium of Practices and Policies (2008) Irvin Waller – Less Law, More Order: The Truth about Reducing Crime (2006) Cities looking for assistance to invest more smartly and tackle safety more successfully can turn to the following cities, government and non-government centres of expertise, and publications. They can also turn to the authors of the Action Briefs (see acknowledgements). Details on ways to access these sources and footnotes for the Action Briefs will be posted on the Institute for the Prevention of Crime’s (IPC) website at www.ipc.uOttawa.ca MEMBERS OF THE MUNICIPAL NETWORK The community safety ocials from 14 municipalities in Canada who have collaborated with IPC and now form the Municipal Network are available to share their successes and experience. SELECTED GOVERNMENT AND NON-GOVERNMENT CENTRES OF CRIME PREVENTION EXPERTISE IN CANADA natIonaL CrIMe PreVentIon Centre CanaDa provides national leadership and funds multi- year programs that support eective and cost-ecient ways to prevent and so reduce crime by addressing known risk-factors in high-risk populations and places. safe CoMMUnItIes seCretarIat aLBerta orchestrates collaboration between nine social development and enforcement ministries to reduce crime by developing and funding a major three pronged strategy of prevention, treatment and enforcement based on evidence about what works. InternatIonaL Centre for tHe PreVentIon of CrIMe provides for international exchange of knowledge and experience between governments and organizations about what works to improve policies and programs that reduce crime and enhance community safety. MInIstÈre De La sÉCUrItÉ PUBLIQUe QUÉBeC adopted the rst provincial policy on crime prevention in Canada in 2001. This reduces crime through inter-ministerial collaboration, municipal partnerships and planning, research and training, and so on. InstItUte for tHe PreVentIon of CrIMe develops and brings together scientic knowledge and experience from authoritative sources. It partners with governments and organizations to harness knowledge so that Canadians will enjoy lower rates of crime and victimization. KEY SOURCES OF ASSISTANCE AND INFORMATION 1.1 WHY INVEST Municipalities, who make the shift to invest in sound planning of prevention to tackle crime before it happens, will reduce crime by better allocating their own funds and leveraging funding from other orders of government, the private sector and foundations. They are the order of government best positioned to orchestrate collaboration between municipal services, local agencies and the public to tackle the places and situations that lead to crime. Canadian task forces and evidence conrm the ¨promise of prevention¨ — investments in tackling the causes of crime before it happens are eective and cost ecient. Two out of three Canadians agree that investments in education and jobs over police, judges and prisoners are the way to lower crime. Though most Canadians feel safe in cities, crime and disorder impact negatively on the quality of life of taxpayers. They inuence citizens´ decisions to stay in the city and use public space. They inuence real estate values and business success. They put pressure to increase police budgets further. For an average municipality of 100,000 population, the estimated annual costs of crime to victims and the public exceeds $150 million. The costs to taxpayers for policing exceed $30 million from municipal taxes and are growing. Citizens also pay $9 million for corrections from federal and provincial taxes. So municipalities have much to gain from investing in more eective crime prevention. Action for Municipal Stakeholders 1. Encourage the leadership of Mayors and city councillors to spearhead action to invest in more eective prevention of crime before it happens; 2. Find at least one dollar per citizen to plan how to ¨invest smartly in safety for the city¨ and so be able to allocate and leverage additional funds to ¨tackle safety successfully in the city¨; 3. Use these Action Briefs and their resources to guide the development of policy and programs that will mobilize key stakeholders and so harness Canadian and international experience and evidence to prevent crime. WHY INVEST* Strategic Overview * Prepared by Irvin Waller, Institute for the Prevention of Crime 2 SERIES 1: INVEST SMARTLY IN SAFETY FOR THE CITY Justication 1.1 WHY INVEST Crime will be reduced and communities made safer if municipalities, local agencies and citizens act differently to tackle crime before it happens — invest in more pre-crime prevention. Municipalities that find at least one dollar per person to plan how to ¨invest smartly in safety for the city¨ will be able to allocate and leverage additional funds to ¨tackle safety successfully in the city¨ and so get better results in reducing crime effectively and cost efficiently. Good planning means sound sustained investments, some of which may be allocated or leveraged from other orders of government, the private sector and foundations. This will get a better balance between pre-crime prevention and reactive policing and criminal justice. This means fewer crimes, less pressure on municipal taxes for more police, and better quality of life for citizens. The Canadian public agrees that prevention is better than cure. Two out of three Canadians favour investments in education and jobs over police, judges and prisoners as the way to lower crime. The Challenge Most Canadians feel safe in their neighbourhoods but municipalities face a range of crime and disorder problems which undermine the quality of life of their taxpayers and citizens as well as the use of public space and the success of businesses and real estate. Reports from Statistics Canada show one in four adults to be a victim of a common crime in a year of which 40% are victimized more than once. Statistics Canada showed two out of five school age children had been assaulted in a year — a study in Toronto which likely would be similar or worse in other cities. These problems affect women differently from men. They are more acute in some areas of cities than others. While the young may be often the victims, the elderly may experience more fear. For an average municipality of 100,000, the national statistics are equivalent to 6,000 assaults on adults, 1,600 sexual assaults, and 1,800 thefts from or of cars. For that municipality, the costs to victims and the public for common crimes are estimated at $150 million. In response, citizens are paying $30 million for policing services, and rising, out of local taxes and $9 million for corrections out of federal and provincial taxes. The cost of an additional police officer is estimated at $100,000 and an average prison inmate at $80,000. The amount for community development is significant but not enough is targeted to where it would make a difference. It does not need to be this way. Harnessing the Promise of Prevention Canadian parliamentary committees and task forces as well as reports from international organizations such as the UN and the World Health Organization confirm the promise of prevention — violence and property crime is preventable. Many of the pre-crime interventions are effective within a year or so of their implementation and they are more cost efficient than adding more police, lawyers and prisoners. A stitch in time saves nine. Studies by the Rand Corporation confirm that a dollar invested now in parent training or stopping youth dropping out of school avoids $7 for increased incarceration. A dollar for enriched child care saves $17 in criminal justice costs. 3 Action Briefs for Municipal Stakeholders 1.1 WHY INVEST Over time the costs of investing in pre-crime prevention generate dividends for Canadians who will live better lives. Taxpayers will save notional costs many times over by reducing the need for policing, lawyers and corrections to respond to these crimes. The Municipal Network Municipalities are the order of government most able to collaborate with local agencies and neighbourhoods to identify the needs for service and so tackle the multiple causes of crime in their areas most in need. Most countries in Western Europe have realized this — Belgium for instance provides municipalities with $5 per citizen for community safety planning and action. In 2006, the Institute for the Prevention of Crime (IPC) with financial support from the National Crime Prevention Centre invited the Mayors of 14 municipalities to delegate an official responsible for community safety to join the Municipal Network for Crime Prevention. For the Network and other municipalities, IPC reviewed the most recent evidence and experience in Europe and North America in Making Cities Safer: International Strategies and Practices (2007). Then IPC examined the current state of crime prevention in the 14 municipalities and contrasted developments with the leading international developments. In Making Cities Safer: Canadian Strategies and Practices (2008), the Municipal Network called for a stronger role of municipalities in prevention through leadership, more sustained partnerships, and a focus on what works and how to deliver it. But change needs vision, leadership and knowledge of what actions to take. Action Briefs for Municipal Stakeholders The IPC has now developed Action Briefs on effective steps to increase pre-crime prevention in consultation with the 14 municipalities. They provide a snapshot of knowledge and experience for municipal stakeholders, such as Mayors, councillors, police chiefs, and chief administrative officers of cities or school boards. The Action Briefs show how investment in prevention will get results and cost efficiently — less gang related homicides, less street violence, less violence against women, less violence against Aboriginal peoples and so on. They are organized around a Series 1: Invest Smartly in Safety for the City, which focuses on choosing the right investment, planning and so on. Series 2: Tackling Safety Successfully in the City focuses on solving problems common to municipalities, such as street violence, violence against women and property crime. Series I – Invest Smartly in Safety for the City 1.2 Invest Smartly shows how to use knowledge and experience to target what works and avoid what does not work. It calls for matching increases in expenditures on enforcement with increases in effective and sustained pre-crime prevention. It talks to ways to guide and leverage funding from other orders of government, the private sector and foundations. 1.3 Take Responsibility demonstrates why and how to create or strengthen a responsibility centre — a small secretariat — to develop and foster collaboration between the municipality, school boards, the police service and non-governmental organizations. This can reap dividends in focused pre-crime prevention, including through tri-partite arrangements with other orders of government. ACTION BRIEFS 4 SERIES 1: INVEST SMARTLY IN SAFETY FOR THE CITY Institute for the Prevention of Crime www.ipc.uOttawa.ca 1.1 WHY INVEST 1.4. Plan Strategically shows key steps in developing a strategic plan to identify where current resources and new investments would decrease crime and enhance community safety and where populations, places and neighbourhoods within the municipality have special needs. It provides a basis for priorities, implementation and evaluation. 1.5 Engage the Public discusses how to engage the public in taking actions to reduce crime and enhance community safety as well as identify and enlist existing community groups that can help with crime prevention and solve their neighbourhood’s problems. It shows how public engagement can enrich and sustain effective crime prevention actions. Series 2 – Tackle Safety Successfully in the City Investing smartly, taking responsibility, planning strategically and engaging the public are essential pillars for effective and cost efficient crime reduction strategies. These must guide and leverage funding for actions that will tackle safety successfully in cities. 2.1 Safe Streets discusses effective ways to reduce youth and young adult violence, including violence around gangs. It highlights successful violence reduction in cities in Canada and abroad. It shows specific ways for municipalities to make streets safer. 2.2 Women’s Safety is often overlooked in cities. Municipal action in Canada and abroad has reduced physical and sexual violence against women as well as helped women of all ages feel safer. Municipal stakeholders must make investment decisions for safety that are more sensitive to women. 2.3 Aboriginal Peoples’ Safety is a daunting challenge because of the intergenerational and acute nature of the risk factors that lead to violence. These problems cannot be solved by more police and imprisonment. The solutions lie in comprehensive actions identified in the other Action Briefs and engagement of Aboriginal leaders in using promising strategies. 2.4 Property Safety shows effective ways to reduce property crime such as theft from and of automobiles, break and enter and so on. It uses the inspiring example of the auto theft reduction in the province of Manitoba. Cooperative planning using urban design, transportation policy, policing strategy and engaging practitioners are proven ways to succeed. 2.5 Policing for Safety encourages municipalities to use their current police resources more efficiently and effectively to reduce crime. Greater use should be made of best policing practices, identified internationally, including using crime analysis to guide strategies and partnering with social, school and other agencies. Investing taxpayers´ funds in eective crime prevention is smart if it reduces crime by using more of what works and less of what does not. Municipalities can use the evidence and local planning for prevention to counter balance the costs of reacting to crime after it happens. The issue is how to use the evidence about what works. There are Canadian municipalities and other stakeholders who have experience in putting what works into practice. They have identied where gaps exist in programs for populations and places known by municipal stakeholders to be criminogenic. They have engaged the public. So municipalities can harness more of the evidence and experience on what works to get eective and cost ecient crime reduction in several dierent ways: • Buildingonmunicipalexpertiseandinnovationinpolicingandincommunitydevelopment and social inclusion; • Learningfromothermunicipalitiesfromcoasttocoastwhoareestablishingcity wide strategies to tackle crime problems; • UsingtheexpertiseoftwouniquecentresinCanadawhobringtogetherevidenceon what works and knowledge on how to put it into action; • Gettingsupport fromFederaland Provincial governments whoareinvesting incrime prevention and community safety strategies. Action for Municipal Stakeholders 1. Make decisions on expenditures guided by knowledge of what is — or is not — eective and cost ecient in reducing crime as well as local priorities and plans (see Action Briefs on Take Responsibility, Plan Strategically and Engage the Public); 2. Follow the 2008 resolution of the Big Cities Mayor Caucus (of FCM) to match increases in spending for policing with increases in sustained investments in eective crime prevention planning and action; 3. Develop key policy makers and practitioners in the city through conferences, coaching and training so that they are knowledgeable on what works and how to harness it — and benet from the experience of other municipalities, experts and toolkits; 4. Work with all orders of government to recognize the key role of municipalities in pre- crime prevention and establish tripartite arrangements. INVEST SMARTLY* Strategic Overview * Prepared by Irvin Waller, Institute for the Prevention of Crime 1.2 INVEST SMAR T LY 2 SERIES 1: INVEST SMARTLY IN SAFETY FOR THE CITY Justication The major challenge is to how to use scarce resources so that crime is reduced beyond what is determined by socio-economic trends and policies. It is a question of balance between pre-crime prevention and post crime reaction. It must be based on evidence as to what works to get effective and cost-efficient crime reduction Municipal leaders and some members of the general public confuse crime prevention with policing. Keeping crime rates low requires a balanced approach between housing, youth agencies, schools, police and others to tackle known risk factors — often in a concerted way. It is much more than just enforcement. It is much more than broad social policy over which municipalities have little control. Mayors and city councillors must provide leadership to make the shift to use scarce municipal resources more smartly so that the expenditures reduce crime before it happens — balancing increases in expenditures on pre-crime prevention and on post- crime reaction. It is also about leveraging and focussing funding from other orders of government, the private sector and foundations. But What Should Leaders Do to Invest in What Works? One answer is to turn to reports by parliamentary committees, the World Health Organization and the United Nations. The accumulation of evidence about what works and how to deliver it seems daunting but is extensive and used too little. Canada has two unique centres of expertise who are committed to sharing that knowledge with policy makers and practitioners. The International Centre for the Prevention of Crime (ICPC) provides for international exchange of knowledge and experience between governments and organizations about what works. It has a compendium of national and local crime prevention strategies as well as evidence-based strategies to make cities safer for women. It has ways to cope with disorder such as drug use and prostitution. The Institute for the Prevention of Crime (IPC) develops and brings together scientific knowledge and experience from authoritative sources so that Canadians will enjoy lower rates of crime and victimization. IPC has garnered the most recent Canadian and international knowledge on what works to reduce crime in a journal published annually and written for Canadian policy makers and practitioners — IPC Review. Waller has also written a short book on the Truth about Reducing Crime — Less Law, More Order — to provide politicians, concerned citizens and taxpayers with reviews of what does not work, what works, and how to implement what works. It works with a group of national organizations including the Canadian Association of Chiefs of Police, the Federation of Canadian Municipalities, the Canadian Victim Resource Centre, the John Howard Society, the Canadian Council on Social Development and the Caledon Institute on Social Policy to reach a consensus on evidence based ways to get results by Building a Safer Canada. The Action Briefs The Action Briefs go further. Experts have taken this knowledge and turned it into briefs that identify concrete steps. They have benefitted from the insights and experience of the Municipal Network. They are available to help further. These experts have provided additional references on a longer version of the brief on the IPC website in the Municipal Network section — www.ipc.uOttawa.ca The cover to the Action Briefs provides other suggestions as to where municipal stakeholders can turn for help. They can contact the founding members of the Municipal Network to learn from their successes 1.2 INVEST SMAR T LY 3 Action Briefs for Municipal Stakeholders and challenges. For additional material on inspiring programs in the 14 municipalities as well as details of contacts see the IPC website. Important toolkits on tackling safety successfully have been developed in Canada, particularly for municipalities. The best way to access these is by organizing seminars and training courses for executives and practitioners. The Federal, Provincial and Territorial governments are committed to investing in effective crime prevention. The National Crime Prevention Centre of Public Safety Canada (NCPC) provides national leadership and funds multi-year programs that support effective and cost-efficient ways to prevent and so reduce crime by addressing known risk-factors in high-risk populations and places. Their program was overhauled in 2008 to focus on multi-year programs based on evidence and collaboration that can be evaluated to demonstrate the achievement of results. They can fund multi- million dollar programs over 5 years. Their website provides information that could be useful in adapting and testing proven and promising strategies such as the comprehensive Boston Gang Prevention Strategy, Quantum Opportunities, SNAP, and Youth Inclusion Projects. Two Provincial governments have become inspiring pioneers of new policies but others are organizing to tackle safety more successfully. The Safe Communities Secretariat of the Alberta Government (SafeCom) orchestrates collaboration between nine social development and enforcement ministries to reduce crime and enhance community safety by developing and funding a major three pronged strategy of prevention, treatment and enforcement based on evidence about what works. Increases in pre-crime prevention matched increases in enforcement. Ministère de la sécurité publique of the Quebec Government adopted the first provincial policy on crime prevention in Canada in 2001. Their vision is to reduce crime through inter-ministerial collaboration, municipal partnerships and planning, research and training, and so on. Building on Municipal Expertise in Policing Some services of police departments do indeed reduce crime and enhance safety but this is much less than is believed because so much of the costs of policing are allocated to responding to 911 calls. Much of current resources are dedicated to emergency response, particularly for priority calls, traffic enforcement that saves lives and injuries, and investigations that take violent and persistent offenders off the street. Canadian municipalities have a long track record of innovations in policing. Neighbourhood policing models that use problem-solving approaches are among the most effective of those that have been tested. Nevertheless, the standard Canadian approach has seen police costs grow to over $10 billion, of which a rapidly growing proportion is paid by municipalities — 56.6% in 2006. With incentives from the federal and some provincial governments to hire more police officers, the costs to municipalities will grow and so the proportion of local taxes going to policing will increase — thus decreasing what can go to other municipal services. So how police resources are used is critical. Building on Municipal Expertise in Community Development and Social Inclusion Consistency of parenting, exclusion of youth from the mainstream, youth dropping out of school, no outreach to youth to involve them, abuse of alcohol and drugs, mental illness and a lack of positive adult role models (mentors) are just some of the risk factors that predispose young persons to crime. 1.2 INVEST SMAR T LY ACTION BRIEFS 4 SERIES 1: INVEST SMARTLY IN SAFETY FOR THE CITY Institute for the Prevention of Crime www.ipc.uOttawa.ca Municipalities play a role in tackling these risk factors through neighbourhood support programs, integrated urban renewal strategies and coordinated service delivery. Social and economic inclusion is the focus of programs targeting children and youth, women, immigrants, Aboriginal peoples and the elderly. Complex issues such as intercultural relations and management of diversity, social housing, food security and homelessness are addressed through comprehensive partnership approaches. Some Canadian municipalities directly or indirectly tackle risk factors, particularly in disadvantaged neighbourhoods, through programs proven to reduce crime: • Publichealthnurseshelpparentsraisetheir children more consistently; • Pre-schoolprogramsprovidepositivestructure for children; • Breakfastprogramssendchildrentoschoolwith basic food and after school programs provide assistance with home work; • Communitycentresthatprovideservicessuch as conflict resolution; • Preventivestrategiestoavoidabuseofalcohol and other drugs. Increasing Investment in the Promise of Pre-Crime Prevention A growing number of Canadian cities are going much further by establishing city wide strategies to tackle the crime problems as in Europe. These strategies bring together municipal services, school boards, citizens and others to prevent crime before it happens. Among these are Montreal, Ottawa, Toronto and the Region of Waterloo. In these cities, the municipality has established a permanent structure to increase investment in services that tackle risk factors. The City of Montreal has an extensive service that organizes programs to reduce vulnerability to break-ins, youth involvement in gangs, violence reduction in high crime neighbourhoods, feelings of safety for women on streets and so on. The annual investment in these services in both Montreal and Waterloo Region exceeds $2 per citizen. Ottawa invests close to $1 per citizen. These actions: • Preventthedevelopmentofyouthgangs; • Encouragehighcrimeneighbourhoodstotake charge of actions to reduce prostitution, drug trafficking and vandalism; • Reduceviolenceagainstwomen; • Enablecitizenstofeelmoresecureonthestreets. While we cannot prove cause and effect, Montreal and Waterloo Region have invested in crime prevention for more than a decade and enjoy lower rates of crime and violence than most other municipalities. If Canadian cities are to succeed in reducing crime cost-efficiently through pre-crime prevention, then municipalities must take on this unique role. This will require other orders of government to confirm the mandate and allocate funds as in success stories in Europe. It will require agreements between all three orders of government — tri-partite arrangements — which build on municipalities’ ability to know local problems and solutions. 1.2 INVEST SMAR T LY [...]... reduce crime and enhance community safety For an average municipality of 100,000 population, the responsibility centre would have a dedicated staff person, some funds for planning, development and public engagement as well as a board or other procedure that would be the focus for collaboration and coordination between the different stakeholders Action for Municipal Stakeholders 1 Affirm their leadership... women and men and outside Canada there are some excellent municipal programmes which work in partnership with the community Making cities safer for women helps to make them safer for everyone Action for Municipal Stakeholders 1 Set up a consultative and central committee within the municipal structure to work with other sectors and local community organizations, to plan and implement strategies on women’s... urban safety; • Training of municipal staff on safe urban design Action Briefs Institute for the Prevention of Crime www.ipc.uOttawa.ca Plan Strategically* Strategic Overview The Action Brief Why Invest outlined the social harm caused by crime, drew attention to the ever-increasing proportion of municipal taxes devoted to police services and stressed the opportunity costs to cities of not using the ¨promise... enhance community safety Action programs are over and above this investment Action for Municipal Stakeholders 1 Establish a strategic planning process involving key stakeholders in four key steps: • Analyze the crime problems in the city; • Establish priorities and select the best strategies; • Implement the programs; • Evaluate the process and its outcomes 2 Manage the process through actions identified... the highest crime neighbourhoods (i.e age, race, gender, etc.)? Action Briefs for Municipal Stakeholders Sources of Data for Crime Prevention Planning 2 What are the economic trends in the highest crime neighbourhoods? Is there economic activity? Is there high unemployment? 3 What is the level of fear of crime in the neighbourhood? The information collected at this stage will be used to help you to decide... getting people involved, so knocking on doors and organizing local meetings are good ways to communicate information about prevention programs New social networking technologies can also be applied to crime prevention Action Briefs for Municipal Stakeholders Listening and Harnessing Public Engagement Municipalities need to put into place effective consultative mechanisms to foster public participation... key stakeholders join forces with municipal leaders Addressing the multiple causes of delinquency, violence and insecurity entails the participation of many agencies and groups, as well as a fine engineering of their efforts and resources Different models of partnership structures have been put in place at the municipal level They aim at: • Providing a community perspective and creating a forum for. .. police, lawyers and prisoners will make little difference to violence Action for Municipal Stakeholders 1 Invest in activities such as those outlined in other Action Briefs, particularly on Safe Streets and Women’s Safety; 2 Support and work together with Aboriginal leaders in order to address the crime situation specific to each municipality, particularly when developing a strategic plan and public... “nobody’s business” Mayors, municipal councillors, police chiefs and city managers must show leadership and determination to organize to tackle crime before it happens in their city They are strategically placed to mobilize all municipal services and key institutional and  community stakeholders to face these challenges through efficient and actionoriented partnerships The municipality needs to create... community safety in Ottawa through collaborative, evidence-based crime prevention It is responsible to develop a community-wide strategic plan in this regard A Community Forum provides feedback and advice Action Briefs for Municipal Stakeholders Coordination through a Responsibility Centre Box 3 City of Montreal The urban safety programme is coordinated by the Social Development Division It includes . safety. Institute for the Prevention of Crime www.ipc.uOttawa.ca Making Cities safer: ACTION BRIEFS FOR MUNICIPAL STAKEHOLDERS Number 3 • March 2009 aCtion Briefs Surrey. leadership and knowledge of what actions to take. Action Briefs for Municipal Stakeholders The IPC has now developed Action Briefs on effective steps to