HU''''ONG DAN QUAN LI sir DUNG PHtf dNG PHAP GIUP DAY TOT FKAIT MON AM HHAC THVrdNG THU''''C d TRl/OiHG TRUHG HOC Ctf tH Nguyen Thj Mai Trudng THCS Vinh PhUc, Tinh Bin Tre Mdn Am nhgc d trudng THCS budc diu[.]
HU'ONG DAN QUAN LI sir DUNG PHtf dNG PHAP GIUP DAY TOT FKAIT MON AM HHAC THVrdNG THU'C d TRl/OiHG TRUHG HOC Ctf tH Nguyen Thj Mai Trudng THCS Vinh PhUc, Tinh Bin Tre M dn Am nhgc d trudng THCS budc diu hinh thdnh cho hpc sinh (HS) su hidu bilt vd ndng lyc cdm thy^ am nhgc Mudn dgt dugc didu ndy thi ngudi gido vidn (GV) phdi gidng dgy, hudng dan vd to chftc cho cdc em hogt ddng hgc tdp tot cd ba phan mdn chuang trinh dm nhgc d trudng THCS dd la: hpc hat, nhgc li - tdp dpc nhac vd am nhgc thudng thftc Phan mdn Am nhgc thudng thuc d THCS bao gdm cac npi dung: gidi thipu tac gid, tac phdm, nghe nhgc; Qua viec gidi thieu tdc gid, tdc phdm chuang trinh, HS bilt dugc CO bdn vd thdn thd, su nghipp cudc ddi cua mpt sd nhgc si cd nhilu ddng gdp cho thidu nhi, mdt sd nhgc sT CO nhidu ddng gdp cho ndn dm nhac Met Nam ; Gidi thipu vd mdt si thd logi bdi hdt, nhung ca khftc mang am hudng dan ca, mdt so hinh thftc td chftc cdc Id hdi day ban sac dan tpe, mpt sd nhgc cy dan tdc va mpt sd nhgc cy nudc ngodi, giup HS budc diu cd hieu biet, dinh hudng vd tiii hilu dm nhgc cijng nhu nhiing kiln thftc mang tinh thudng thftc am nhgc ^h cd dugc gid dgy Am nhgc thudng thftc theo mong mudn, vipc diu tien Id GV phdi bilt lua chpn phuong phdp phu hgp vdi phan mdn vd phdi tinh din khd ndng cfta bdn than, dieu ki^n cfta trudng sau dd Id phdi ldm nhu the ndo dl phoi hgp mpt cdch hgp li cdc phuong phdp vd cdc thilt bj dgy hpc cho phft hgp vdi timg tilt dgy Sau ddy xin dua mgt si phuang phdp dl GV tham khdo Cdc phirong phdp giftp dgy tit phan mon dm nhgc thudng thftc d trudng THCS a Phuang phdp ki chuyen Trong cdc gid hpc Am nhgc thudng thftc ngodi nhihig thdng tin da cd hong SGK, ndu GV cd nhftng cdu chuypn vd tdc gid, tdc phdm hay cac tu lipu vd sinh boat dm nhgc, ve cac logi nhgc cy thi sd tiiu hut dugc su tgp trung chu y cua HS vdo bdi hgc, giup cdc em de nhd hon npi dung bai hpc vd gdp phin tfch cyc vipc gido dye dgo dftc, tinh cdm cho cdc em thdng qua bd mdn Thuc te tiet dgy, GV ke cdc cau chuypn vd nhgc sT hay sy ddi cfta cdc bdi hat thi HS rit chu ^ ldng nghe vd tft nhiing cau chuyen dd cac em nit dugc nhiing bdi hpc cho ban than Vi dy: Khi dgy ve nhgc sT Bettoven, GV sd kd cho HS nghe cdu chuyen "Bettoven sang Ao dl tim thiy hgc sang tdc nhgc nhu till ndo", qua cdu chuy|n se gido dye cho cdc em ngodi tdi ndng chiing ta cdn can din tinh ham hgc, bilt vuan len b Phuang phdp sir di^ng tranh dnh Trong SGK moi bdi am nhgc thudng thftc dlu cd tranh dnh minh hpa nhung chat lugng chua cao, chu ydu Id hinh den trdng \^pc phdng to nhihig bftc dnh dd vd tgo mdu sdc cho bftc tranh se giup HS quan sdt rd hon, hap dan ban hogc GV cd the vdo intemet tim nhftng tranh dpp sinh dpng ban phu hgp vdi bdi dgy Dieu ndy se gdp phdn lam cho gid hgc sinh d$ng vd hieu qud ban Bdn cgjih dd GV cd thd suu tim cac tranh dnh tft cdc tu lipu khdc dd gidi thidu cho HS Vi dy: Khi gidi thipu vd nhgc sT Traicdpxki, GV dftng tranh dnh de gidi thipu tuan ty cupe ddi dng tft sinh cho ddn dng mat c Phuemg phdp nghe nhgc Trong bdi hgc Am nhgc thudng thftc thi nghe nhgc Id mdt phan khdng thd thidu Tfty tling tiet hpc vd vdo dilu kipn trang thilt bj mdn hpc d trudng md cho HS nghe nhgc bdng nhilu hinh thftc khac Cd thi kd ddn bin hinh tiiftc sau: HS hdt; GV hdt; Sft dyng ddn Organ; Nghe bdng dia * HS hdt: Trong am nhgc cd rat nhieu ca khftc cua cdc nhgc sT noi tieng ddnh cho thidu nhi nhu: Phong Nha, Phgm Tuyen, Hodng Long, Hodng Ldn Vi vdy GV cin tgo dieu kipn vd Ngc^nhmi hAi IQ/4/?0n TAP CHI THIFT Bl GIAO DUC - SO 81 - 5/2012 • HUONG DAN QUAN LI SUDUNG khuydn khich HS trinh bdy cdc ca khuc ndy Nhu v^y sS ldm cho cdc em thyc sy hftng thu Thyc tl gid hpc, mgt sd HS rit thich hdt, m^t khdc cdc bgn Idp cdng mong muon dugc nghe bgn minh hdt Vi vay GV nen khoi ggi ndng khieu cfta HS tft cdc bdi hdt cua thilu nhi Mdt si HS cdn nhut nhat nghe bgn hdt thi bj ldi cuon vdo khdng hpc t§p va cung mgnh dgn xung phong len hdt, nhu vgy hinh thftc nghe nhac ndy cung ldi cuon dugc sy chii y cua HS hpc tgp vd cd hipu qud cao Ngodi trinh bdy cdc ca khiic cua cdc nhgc sT, HS sd nhd dugc ten tac gid cua cdc ca khuc, hieu ro ban cdi hay, cdi dpp cua tung tac pham ma cdc em da the hipn GV cd the cho HS hat dan ca, song ca, tdp ca hoac cd Idp cung hat theo tinh chat cua timg bai md lyc chpn cdch the hipn * GV hdt: Tren thyc td da sd HS thudng rat thich dugc nghe GV hat mac du GV hdt khdng hay bang cac ca khuc bdng dia nhung cdc em rdt tap trung ldng nghe vd sau mdi ldn GV hat HS dlu vd tay, nhu vdy se lam cho tidt hpc sinh ddng, tgo cho cdc em sy hftng thii hong hpc t§p Tuy nhien van dd cdn phu thupc vdo sftc khde cua GV, ndu GV thay sftc khde khdng dugc tdt thi cd the sft dyng hinh thftc nghe nhgc khac * Sft dyng dan Organ: Vdi nhftng bdi gidi thipu nhgc cy de cho HS nghe vd phdn bipt am sdc cfta cdc nhgc cy, GV cd thd sft dyng tidng ddn dugc cdi sdn dan Organ dl gidi thipu cho cac em Ngoai GV cd thi ddnh ddn cho HS nghe bdi d^c tiu sft dyng bdng tieng logi nhgc cy md HS vfta dugc gidi thipu Qua dd cho HS phan bipt vd dua nhihig nhan xet vl mdu sdc, am cua timg logi nhgc cy * Nghe bdng dia: Vi$c cho HS nghe nhgc qua bdng dia gid hoc Am nhgc thudng thftc Id rat quan trgng bdi chat lugng am thanh, phoi cua cdc tdc phim bdng dia khd tot tgo dieu kipn kich thich phdt hien khd ndng cdm thy am nhgc cho HS Mgt khd khdn thyc tl Id cdc tdc phim dm nhgc md GV cin tim iai nim rdi rdc d cdc bdng dia khdc Be trdnh thyc hipn nhidu thao tdc, trudc dgy GV ndn suu tdm, tap hgp cdc bdi hdt rdi luu vdo mdt dia de gidi thipu cho HS thudn Igi ban d Phuang phdp vdn ddp Tft nhftng kidn thftc dd cd sdn SGK, GV nen d^t nhiing cdu hdi mang tinh suy lugn, sdng tgo nhu vgy se thu hut dugc sy chu y cua cdc em Vi dy: O phan gidi thipu nhgc cy dan tgc (tilt 15 lop 6) GV gidi thipu dan Nguy^t thi ndn ddt cau hdi vui vi ngudi ta Igi ddt tdn cho dan ndy Id ddn Nguypt? ho^c gidi thipu tac gid, tdc pham thi GV ndn hdi thdm vd nhihig tdc phdm cua nhgc sT ngodi nhihig bdi dd cd SGK Phii hgp cdc phutmg phdp tiet day Sy phoi hgp cua cdc phuang phdp tidt dgy Id rat quan trgng Chiing ta phdi lya chgn phuang phap phu hgp cho tftng tilt hpc ddng thdi phai bidt sft dyng phdi hgp cdc • TAP CHI THIFT BI GIAO DgC • SO 81 - 5/2012 phuang phdp dd nhu the ndo dl dgt hipu qud cao nhat Co thi chia phan mdn Am nhac thudng thuc thdnh ba dgng bai nhu sau: Gidi thipu tac gid, tac phim; Gidi thipu mgt so nhac cy; Gidi thipu mpt so thd loai dm nhgc - Doi vdi bdi gidi thipu ve tdc gid, tdc pham: Vdi loai bdi ndy thi GV phdi gidi thi^u chan dung nhgc sT, tac phim am nhgc cua nhgc sT hong SGK vd ddt cdc cdu hdi Hen quan ddn tdc gid sau GV cin phdi ke cho HS nghe nhihig cau chuypn ve tdc gia, sy ddi cua tdc phim tilp d6 cho HS trinh bdy cdc ca khiic cua nhgc sT md cdc em thupc GV hat trich dogn mpt vdi ca khuc tidu bieu cho HS nghe vd cudi eimg la cho cdc em nghe qua bdng dia - Ddi vdi bdi gidi thidu mpt sd nhgc cy: Vdi dgng bdi GV nen sft dyng tranh dnh ciia cdc logi nhgc cy khac nhau, ngodi nhihig thdng tin SGK GV ndn tim tiiem nhftng tu lipu ngudn gdc cua cdc lo^ ddn vd kd cho cdc em nghe O nhftng tidt hgc ndy GV ndn sft dyng ddn Organ de cdc em phan bipt mdu sic, am cua tung logi ddn Da sd HS rit thich dugc nghe GV dpc tdu mgt tdc pham dm nh^ cd cdc am cfta tiing dan vfta dugc gidi thipu Bdn egnh dd GV cho HS nghe bdn nhac khdng ldi de cdc em cam nhdn dugc cai hay, cdi dep cfta ban nhac, ve nhftng dm ciia cdc logi nhac cy - Ddi vdi bdi gidi thipu the logi am nhgc: GV nen hudng ddn cho HS (Xem tiip trang 40) 11 dgi vd phuang phdp tmyen thdng: ngodi vipc ddng cdc hinh dnh, dogn phim ngdn dl minh hpa ndn cho HStihdoludn, kl chuyen, ty nhdn xdt vd phdt bilu y kiln cfta minh cdc em sd tilp thu nhanh bdi hgc - Nen cho HS tilp cdn tft cdc cip hpc Mdy mdc chi Id phuangti^ngiup cho bdi gidng hay ban, sinh ddng ban song nd khdng phdi Id tat cd Hi$u qud tilt hpc vin tdp trung vdo vai trd cua ngudi thiy Ngudi thiy khdng chi Id ngudi truyen thy kien thftc md cdn phdi biet dim dit HS tham gia tich cyc vdo bdi gidng nhu thi ndo vd kit qud Id phdi xem HS linh hdi mdy mdc chi Id phuang ti^n, chi cd phuang phdp gidng dugc tri thftc bao nhieu dgy ldm dgt hipu qud mdi Id cin thidt Dl gid dgy bdng gido dn di$n tft dat hi$u qud, ta phdi chuan bj ky cdc khdu: sogn bdi_ - trinh chieu - vd hudng ddn HS ghi chep Khi thidt kl bdi gidng Power Point cin bdo ddm dugc tinh hp thong, tinh mgch lgc, tfnh chlnh xdc vd hudng din cdc hogt d^ng phdt huy tinh tich cyc cfta HS, nen ldm cho HS dugc bpc lp suy nghi cua minh qua gid hgc .Sy trinh dien diing qud cau kl phd dien md phdi chii y myc tidu d$t tft bdi hpc Tdi li^u tham khdo 1'] GS TS Phan Nggc Lien L|ch sft vd gido dye ljch sft NXB Chhib hj QuIc gia Hd Ngi, 2003, trang 455 '^1 The training of trainers program 2002 Block one course materials The Vet Nam Austraha training project the VAT project, page 11 t^' CD Rom Ho Chi Minh todn tgp Nxb Chinh trj Quoc gia, 2002 ^"5 Tdi h$u b^i dudng LTDCNTT ftong dgy hgc Ljch sft - Trudng Dgi hgc Su phgm Ha Ngi (2009) Summary History is what PHTjrdNG FKAP GIUP .tim hilu vl tinh chit, nhjp dipu, dm dipu ciing nhu hinh thftc bieu diln cdc tdc pham ciia timg the logi am nhgc GV ndn hdi them nhflng tdc pham khdc khdng cd tiong SGK thugc nhung the logi nao vd dgng vidn HS trinh bdy cdc tdc phim dd GV cd till trinh bay thdm m$t si tdc phim cfta timg thi logi sau dd cho HS nghe cdc tdc phim am nhgc tidu bilu qua bdng dia vd nhan xdt xem tdc phim dd thupc the logi ndo Kit ludn Bi HS cd hftng tiiu hgc tgp phdn mdn Am nhgc has taken place over time in die whole process of generation, development of man and human society In other words, history is what happened m the past of human societies It has existed ft'om us for decades, hundreds of years, even millions of years Therefore, the access and reconstruct the history of nearly the same as it ever existed is a very difficult job So if teachers use the materials such as photos, maps, charts and especially in teaching documentaryfihnwill contribute greatiy help shidents to reconstruct the historical events almost like it had ever existed this is extremely unportant to history However, also of the opuiion that the use of e-teachmh is not clear methodological of students, school will be discrete and not bring results Article provides the positive, restrictions and requirements in the apphcation of information technology (IT) in teachinh to improve tiie eflfciency of history lesstm (Iiip trang 28) thudng thftc, ngudi GV trudc het phdi nim dugc ddc trung bg mdn, cd phuang phdp dgy hgc Imh hogt, sdng tgo, tim mpi cdch dl cdi tien cdch dgy cfta phan mdn theo hudng tfch cyc phuong tipn day hgc cho phdn mdn chua day du Qua day phin ndo giftp GV hgn che dugc tinh trgng dgy chay d cdc tilt dm nhgc thudng thuc tnrdng THCS, nhdmtiiuhftt HS tiiam gia hogt dgng tich cyc, giftp cac em mgnh dgn ban, ty tin hon, cd \^ ndng cdm thy am nhac tit hon • TAP CHI THIFT BI GIAO DUC - SO 81 - 5/2012 Tdi lipu tham khdo Phuang phdp dgy hgc mdn Am nhgc THCS NXB Gido dye Tdi lipu bli dudng thudng xuyen cho gido vidn THCS mdn Am nhgc NXB Gido dye Summary: This article introduces the subject assigned teaching music in high school often form the basis and combining those methods in detail how to teach accordingly The goal is to help teachers gain more experience of teaching hours to makericher,more effective ... rat thich dugc nghe GV hat mac du GV hdt khdng hay bang cac ca khuc bdng dia nhung cdc em rdt tap trung ldng nghe vd sau mdi ldn GV hat HS dlu vd tay, nhu vdy se lam cho tidt hpc sinh ddng, tgo... phuangti^ngiup cho bdi gidng hay ban, sinh ddng ban song nd khdng phdi Id tat cd Hi$u qud tilt hpc vin tdp trung vdo vai trd cua ngudi thiy Ngudi thiy khdng chi Id ngudi truyen thy kien thftc md cdn phdi... eflfciency of history lesstm (Iiip trang 28) thudng thftc, ngudi GV trudc het phdi nim dugc ddc trung bg mdn, cd phuang phdp dgy hgc Imh hogt, sdng tgo, tim mpi cdch dl cdi tien cdch dgy cfta