DIIINDANGIAODUC Ban chit va npi dung cua lian due nhan van dOi vdi sir phat trien cnn ngifli Viet Nam hien nay GS, TS N(;i''''Vf N \ \N HUYfcN* 1 Ban chat ciia giao due nhfin vfin vk vin dl phat triln co[.]
DIIINDANGIAODUC Ban chit va npi dung cua lian due nhan van dOi vdi sir phat trien cnn ngifli Viet Nam hien GS, TS N(;i'Vf:N \.\N HUYfcN* Ban chat ciia giao due nhfin vfin vk vin dl phat triln nguoi KM sinh ra, mfli ngudi mdi chi Ikrafitca thfi', vl coban, mang nhiing ban chat vk banti'nhtu nhien Ca the dd ldn len va ttudng nhu mpt ngudi thdng qua su Hnh hfii kinh nghidm lich su - xk hfii bao gora toan bg qua trinh tie'p xiic vdi mfii trubng bdn ngoki, d e tri thiie khoa hoe, nghd thuat, tdn giao, phap Iy, dao diic, Bang cM'nh hoat ddng giao tid'p, ung xir, lao dfing, tranh dfi'u cuge sfi'ng, thflng qua hoat dgng nhfin thiie, cai tao xa hgi va tMen nMfin , d cac ea the hinh va phat trid'n "ban tinh thu hai" (Hdghen) - ban tinh ngum Toan bd qua trinh Mnh va phat trie'n "ban ti'nh ngudi" dd thuc chat la qua trinh tu giao due va giao due cua cM'nh ran ngubi Sutid'pthu cua mfli d the dfii vdi Mnh ngMdm Hch su - xa hgi chinh Ik sir thfi'm thau tinh hoa van hda nhan loai vko moi d the • dd Ik su tu giao due, tu van hda Su tac ddng mdt dch tu giac ed chu dich cac kinh nghidm lich su - xa hdi, van hda cflng dong, vkn minh nhan loai Idn mdi d the ehinh la su giao due, giao hda eon ngudi Tu giao due va giao due la hai mat cua mfit qua trinh thfi'ng nhfi't su ehuyfi'n hda bien chiing cua su phat trie'n ngubi Trifi't ly nhan van quanradmgiao due nhumfit qua trinh "sinh - dudng" (sinh vk dudng) Hfin tuc ttr 'Hoc vidn Chfnh tn - HAnh chfnh qudcgia Hd Chf Minh thfi'p de'n cao nhirng to chfi't ngum, tue la qua trinh ca nhfin khdng ngungtid'pMen van hda - van minh nhfin loai thknh vkn hda - van rainh cuaridngminh de tro mdt nhan each phat trid'n cao Trong qua trinh dd, giao due vdi tu each la hoat ddng nhkm tac ddng mpt dch cd chu dich, cd he thfi'ng dd'n sir phat trien moi ngudi, lkm cho eon ngudi dd cang nang cao dupe nhiing pham chat va nang lue ydu d u xa hpi va d nhfin dl Ia phuong thiieti'chcue va Meu qua dd'i vdi vide phat trid'n ngum, tue Ik dd'i vdi mue dich giao due nhkn van Nhuvay, giao due nhan van la giao due vi ly tudng cao dep nhfi't ma loai ngubi raong mud'n, Giao due nhan van khfing cM la mdt qua trinh "duy dudng" theo nhung muc dich tiiytidn,ma la thue Mfin hudng Mnh va phat trie'n nhiing d nhfin ckngronMeu pha'm chat ngubi - dd la nhiing ngubi dupe phat trid'n toan didn d c tu chfi't, nang kMfi'u, tai nang, duge the hifin siic manh ban chfi't eua rainh vi nhung muc dich cao dep Nhuvfiy, giao due nhfin van la vfi'n de cd ti'nh nhan loai vk tinh toan d u Boi vi thuc tfi'lieh sugiao due ciia xfi hgi loai ngubi eho thfi'y, mpt mat, bfi't eu qufi'c gia nko ciing thuc Men giao due cho d c thihe ngudi d a minh; mat khac, san pha'm giao due (eon ngudi) d a cac qufi'c gia vdi cac he thfl'ng giao due khac lai mang nhung dac trung phk'm chat khac dfiy (trir trubng hpp d nhfin cd khuynh hudng d bidt) ro vfi'n de Iy tudng xa hfli, muetidugiao due va quan 83 DIINDANGIAODVC die'm giao due, Ly tudng xk h^i khac din dfi'n muc tidu vk quan did'm giao due khac Ciing Ik giao due nhung nhilu nin giao due khac dk tao nhiing eon ngubi khac nhau, dd cd nhthig mlu ngudi ed the phat trid'n rfi't cao rakt nky nhung lai tMfi'u hut trira trpngrafitMa Cd ngubi phat triln cao ve tri tufi nhung phk'm chfi't dao due vk vkn hda Iai thfi'p Cd ngudi cd hpc thuc phong phii nhung lai thid'u chfi't nhfin vfin vk thfira ehi hknh dfing ngugc lai vdi ly tudng nhfin vkn; khdng chi khdng phfi'n dfi'u chotid'nbfl xk hfli rak ebn d n trd, thfim chi xfim hai thknh qui tid'n bfi xk hdi Rd rkng, trid't ly giao due nhkn vkn MOn dang Ik vfi'n de dat buc bach dd'i vdi nhfin loai Giao due nhkn vkn vk phat tnen ngudi Ik hai pham trti nhung thuc sir etmg mangrafltnfii dung ban chfi't: giao due nhfin vkn, tu nd hkm chiia phat trid'n eon ngudi Phatti-ifi'ncon ngubi cd ngMa la hudng eon ngudi vuon tdi nhiing phfi'm chfi't vk gia tri nhkn vkn Hoac ed the ndi, cM cd ngudi nhfin van mdi Ik eon ngmri phat trid'n diing ngMa cua nd Thuc trang cua gifio due nhfin vkn d6i vdi su phat trien ngudi Vifit Nam thdi gian qua Ly tudng phat trie'n ngiroi theo hirong nhfin van d Viet Nam the Men ro tiong nen van Men lau dbi, Hch suvan hda, van hgc, nghd thufit phong phii eua dan tflc Vidt Nam Tuy nhidn, d e che xa hfli khae nhau, ly tudng dd khdng dupe thue Men thuc su diing ngMa vk hokn tokn day du Sufi't gin mdt nghin nam Bac thufic, nin giao due Viet Nam duoctifi'nhanh chu yfi'u theo tu tudng Nho giao Theo chufi'n muc cua nin giao due nay, nhifiu phim chfi't ngubi dugc chii tigng (trang Meu, nhfin nghia, tu thkn, khiem tfi'n, hgc hoi, fin hba,,.), song nhin chung Ik phidn dien vk nhilu gia tri lOch lac Muc dich cua nen giao due nho giao la tao nhirng ngudi qufin tu, nhtrng bfic trugng phu thdng liu kinh su, nhung hknh dgng thi lai Ifi'y d c quy pham le nghia lkm dau, cfl't giu yen nen nep phong kifi'n, dd Ik nhung ngubi 10 thufle va phuc timg - "khkc ky phuc Id" Hon 80 nam dudi che dp thd'ng tri cua thuc dfin Phap, ngudi dan ViOt Nara rafi't quyen lam chu dfi't nudc, mat ea quyin lara ngudi Nen giao due thuc dan Phaptie'nhanh d Vifit Nam la trang bi Mfi'n thiic phuong Tfiy cho mfit so'it ngubi Vidt Nam nhfim diing ngubi ViOt Nara tri ngudi ViOt Nin giao due dd khfing th^c sir mang y nghia "khai hda vkn rainh" {nhunguj||| Phap ndi), l^i ckng khdng hi ed y nghia nhkn vkn, mi thuc chfi't dd Ik vfin hda nfi dich Thuc hiOn ly tudng giao due nhfin vfin, tir nudc ViOt Nam dfin chu c^ng hba dM (1945), vdi ban chfi't chd'dO xfi hfli mdi, Chinh phu ViOt Nam dfic bidt quan tfim dd'n phkt triln ngubi, Bfingrafiitrubng xk hfli mdi - nin dfin ehu theo hirong xfi hfii chu nghia, bfing tinh thin lao dfing mdi - lao dflng lkm ehu dit nudc, lao dflng sang tao vi raflt nudc Vidt Nam giku manh, vfin minh,ranngdn hanh phiic, Chinh phu ViOt Nara dfi tao mpi dilu kidn thufin Ipi de toan dfin dupe tir giao due vk dupe giao due Vdi mdt ho thfl'ng giao due tir trung uong dd'n dia phuong, tir nhung thfip nifin radi hba binh, nen giao due ViOt Nara dk nfing cao tara dkn tri va dieu dfic biOt quan trpng Ik budc diu xky dung dupe nhtrng chu thd' lao dflng cd tri thiic, d trinh dp nhfi't dinh vl khoa hpe, ky thufit vk nkng luc Ikra ehu xa hfli, xfiy dung mdt xk hdi mdi - xfi hfii theo hudng xa hfii chu nghia Muc tidu giao due eua nhk nude Vifit Nam xfi hpi chu ngMa Ik xay dung nhung ran ngudi "Vira hoi^ vua chuydn" (Hi CM Minh) - nhiing ehu the lanh dao cd phfi'm chfi't dao diic ttong sang, trung Md'u vdi nhan dfin varotrinh dp chuyen mfin cao Con ngudi Iy tuoi^ rak nin giao due xk hfii chu ngMa vuon tdi larannprni phat trien tokn didn "tri, diie, the', my", nhung ngubi cd kha nang timg budc lam chu ban thfin, lam chu xa hgi, lam chu tMen nMen (C Mac) Mfiu Mnh giao due dd Ik hfi't sue cao dep Tuy nhifin, giua Iy tuong va Mfin thuc bao gid ciing d nhung khoang dch Hon nua,ti'nhkha thi eua mgt nin giao due ludn di Hin vdi nhung dieu Men Mnh t l - xk hdi ciia mdt qude gia Qua nua thiky phan dk'u phat tiiln Mnh te, van hda, xk hfii, Viet Nam da tao dupe budc nhay vgt vl nhilu mat so vdi Hch su cua nunh Vd phat trifi'n ran ngubi, nhung pham chk^, gia tri txuydn thfi'ng quy bau cua dkn tdc dupe phat huy cao dd; nhiing phfi'ra chk't cM'nh tri vk ban Hnh eon ngubi dupe ren luyOn; hgc vfi'n va su Mlu bie't, khoa hpc, ky thukt, nang lue lao dfing vk vkn hda ndi chung, Id'i sd'ng ndi rieng duge nfing Ien mfit trinh cao Tuy nMdn, su chifi'm IinH nhung mue tidu ngubi phat trien la mflt qua trinh Quan mfim va DlfeNDANGlAOPyC thue tien giao due, nhung han che Hch su, k l ea nhfin thiie, thM gian qua vfin nhilu han chfi' Nhiingtifiuehi vl eon ngubi phat trie'n cd nhung mat thidn Idch va thie'u hut Nhu elu giao due tinh than xa hfii chu nghia cao nhieu lkm cho rauc tieu ngubi "vira hfi'ng vira chuydn" bi pha vd, ngubi dao due duoc chu trgng hon ngudi tki nkng M^t khac, can nhanh chdng nfing cao trinh dp dfin tri ma giao due chu yeu tkp trang vko ngudi kid'n thiic - hifi'u bid't, it quan tfim dd'n ngudi hknh dfing - thue hknh Kha nkng bie'n tri thiic thknh ky nkng thue hknh; vide vfin dung kidn thuc khoa hpe, ky thufit, cdng nghe vao lao dpng san xufi't ciing nhu d e hoat ddng xk hfii d ngubi Vidt Nara hidn ebn yd'u Tu chfi thid'u ly thuyet, quarafi'ychuc nkra giao due, eon ngubi Viet Nam hidn Iai qua thien ve Iy thuyet, it chu y tao nhung ngubi nang ddng, sang tao, chua that quy gia tri sang tao Do dieu MOn Mnh td - xa hpi, mfl Mnh giao due Iy tudng "tri, diic, the, my" chua dupe phat trie'n cfin dfii: rakt the chfi't bi xera nhe; my due chua trd thknh phuong diOn thid't yd'u cau tnic nhfin each Cae khia canh quan hO eon ngubi d nhfin - eon ngudi tap the, ngubi tu nMdn - ngubi xa hdi, ngudi ly tri -tinh dm, ngubi nhula san phk'm Hch suvk ngum nhu Ik chu the tao Uch su, ngum hidn tai - eon ngudi tuong lai chua duoe ket hop mfit chinh the thfi'ng nhat va hai hda Su chuyen bid'n manh me ciia thbi dai, su phat trid'n Mnh tfi' - xa hgi nudc md nhilu d c h nhin mdi, tuduy mdi ve mpi mat cua cudc sdng, dd cd nhirng van de nhuthang gia tri ngubi, cac tidu cM' nhkn van ve ngudi, van dl mfiu ngudi theo Iy tudng nhfin van Trdn the' gidi nhung nara gin dfiy xua't Men nMlu mlu ngubi Trid't gia ngubi Anh • Drucker ndu ldn mfiu ngudi thm dai: ngubi tinh than, eon ngudi tri tud, ngubi Hung, ngubi kinh te', ngubi tfim ly Nha trid't hgc ngubi Bungari V Prodanop lai dua d c mfiu ngubi: ngubi each mang, eon ngudi da diOn, ngudi cue quyen, ngudi ehinh tri, ngudi tu tuong, ngubi dao diic, eon nguM kinh doanh, ngudi van hda, ViOt Nam, ttong bfi'i d n h chuyen dii ldn d e he gia tii, Men cd the tam ggi dang ed su "dk'u tranh" giiia "con ngum kmh te^ vk "con ngudi dao diic", "eon ngubi edng chuc" va "con ngubi Mnh doanh", "ran ngubi tkp thd'" vk "eon ngubi ca thd'" Thuc trang thi hidn su chuye'n bid'n quan trpng nhfin thiic va quan niOm ly tudng ve eon ngudi khat vpng tim nhiing hudng di thich hpp nhfi't eho muetidunhkn dao Vidt Nam ndi ehung, giao due nhkn vkn ViOt Nam ndi ridng, N^i dung phkt triln ngudi Vi^t Nam theo Iy tudng nhfin vkn Loki ngubi dang bude tu tin qua thap nien diu thidn nidn ky thii ba Didu dd ve nguyen tfic ciing cd ngMa, ham lugng nhkn vkn ngudi da dat tdi miic rat cao Mat khac, nhu cau phat trie'n ngudi ciing tie'n len radt trinh dfi mdi, rat da dang vk vdi nhilu dac trung mdi Xk hfii Vifit Nam, nin giao due Viet Namtifi'ptuc thuc Men Iy tudng giao due cua minh, phfi'n da'u tao nhiingronngudi theo mfiu Mnh ro chfi't nhfin van cao nhk't Phdt triin the chdt Ik co so diu tidn cua rapt ngubi phat trifi'n theo hudng nhan vkn Ngubi Vidt Nam thudc chung nguiri nho hon so vdi nhilu chung ngubi khac Tfi't nMen, siic khde va sir cudng trang cua mgt eo the khdng chi phu thudc vko cMeu cao vk trgng lugng, song dd cung la nhiing chi sfl'quan trgng Giao due thi chfi't vdi khoa hgc Men dai vk cac dieu Mdn Mnh te' - xa hdi td't d n lkm tang dan d c chi so hinh the Dieu dkc Met ttong phat tne'n the chfi't la phat trid'n bd nao, huy ddng td'i da kha nang hoat dpng d a nfio, ren luyen linh hoat vk tinh nhay cua "bd may thdng minh" ngubi Viet Phat trid'n the chat cung cd ngMa la Ikra tinh nhud hda d c kM quan thao tac, d m giac, xiie giac Dd la nhiing dieu Mentifinquye't de mdi eon ngudi hy vpng dat tdi nhiing dinh cao cua cupc sd'ng The chat phat trien la nen tang diu tidn eua su phdt triin tri tu? Bfl nao la MOn than vfit chat cua tri tud Hkra lugng tri tufi cua nko tang Ifin qua trinh tu giao due vk giao due Nhung giao due nhfin vkn khdng ehi don thuin Ik "nap" kifi'n thiic vao nao Dilu quyd't dinh nha't dd'i vdi vide phat trien nao Ik luyOn tri thdng minh vdi phuong phap tu uyen chuyen, nkng ddng vk sfic ben vdi su thu nap vk van ddng theo hudng md Dd cMnh la to cha't khdng the thid'u cua mgt tri tufi Men dai, mk mufi'n vuon tdi tim sang tao thbi dai Men tM mfli ngubi phai ro He thfl'ng mo cung cho phepronngubi tii tud tutinlua DIIINDANGIAODVC chpn thfing tin, ehu dpng xac dinh hudng di dung, each tifin hknh hoat dpng tfli uu Tinh thdn (tinh cdm) Ik hfi qua truetifi'peua thi chk't vk tri tue Khi the chfi't eudng trang, tri tufi minh min, phong phii thi tinh thin sang khoai vk sang Tinh thin sang khoai vk sang draSica nhkn nfing tfim Hon, phfi'm chfi't eua eon ngudi Ifin, thfli thue ngudi hknh dfing vi dieu hay lfi phii Thuc t l cuoc sdng cho thfiy, dbi song tinh thin cao hon nhilu lln dbi sfl'ng vfit chfi't Cd nhk vkn dk tirag ndi: "Tfim hin eon ngudi ebn nkng gfi'p ngMn lln thi xacranngubi" Thigidi tinh thin duoe giki tda, tinh d m duoe rung len Ik llie ngudi ta duoc giai phdng mgi sue raanh ban chfi't ngubi, mpi tiim nfing ngudi; dd eiing Ik Iiic d nhfin duoc gfin vdi cflng ding, ea nhfin gkn vdi xk hfli, ngubi giao hok vdi thifin nhifin - vu tru Dd ehinh Ik hanh phiie eiia ngudi - rauc dich cao quy rak cuge sd'ng hfing vuon tdi Dqo due vira la nhung chuk'n raue, nhiing quy ude xa hdi de d cflng dong duoc tu hba muc bfin nhau, vira la nhu d u tinh thin ma eon ngum tirnfiu Ifin dl phfi'n dk'u vuon tdi Triet gia ngubi Due I Kant hd't sue tinh t l eho rang, dao due Ik Hnh vuc ma eon ngudi vuot qua dugc gidi han "bat kha tri" eua ly tinh dl vuon tdi tu Vuon tdi tu Ik vuon tdi su thidn Phat trie'n y thiic dao diic, tinh d m dao due vk hanh vi dao diie, du d thdi dai nao ciing Ik thupc tinh tinh thin - thue tidn va nhu d u tMd't yd'u eua ngudi - xa hdi, eho nfin Ik bd phfin khdng the tMe'u ciia mgt elu tnic nhkn dch phat trien, vk vky, bao gid eung la muetidueiia giao due nhkn van Khi phan loai nhu d u cua ngudi, nhk xfi hdi hoc ngudi My H Maslaw dfi xep nhu d u thfi'ra ray Ien dinh diem cua tam giac nhu du Nha tara ly hpc ngubi Nga Rubinstein ciing cho rfing, nhu elu thfi'ra my la loai nhu d u ngubi nhfi't Thfi'ra ray la chk't dupe thkng hoa bdi su kit hpp hai hba vk hokn tMdn d c yd'u tfi'gia tri nhfin thue, gia tri dao diie, y ngMa cufic sfi'ng, thoa mfin nhu d u dep eua eon ngubi Do vay,yiu tdthdm my cfi'u tnic ngudi chid'm vi tri dac MOt No la dinh cao eua to hpp d c phfi'm chfi't ngudi Su phat trie'n y thiic thfi'm my, tinh d m thiin my, tii thue vk nfing lue thfi'm my cua ngum chinh Ik Hnh vue tu vk rfi't nhay d m cua the gidi tinh thin, dua ngubi tdi trang thai hai hba ehfin - tMfin - my Trfin dfiy la d c phfi'ra chfi't nhfin vfin cfi'u thknh chinh thi cua mgt nhfin each lich su vk vkn hda^^^^^ nhfin loai tao ndn Nhung ngubi theo diing nghia Iy tudng nhkn vkn khflng thi chi Ik ehinh thi nhirlili;" san phfi'm cua lich sii-vk vkn hda Mkt quanttpnghon cua ngudi Ik b tu dch chu thi tao lich sir - van hda, tuc Ik eon ngubi, bkng tfi't ca sue raanh vk tii nkng tac dflng vko xk hfli, tu nhidn, xky dung euflc sfl'ng theo mue dich ehfin ehi'nh Ndi each khac, ban chfi't vk muetidugiao due nhfin vkn khflng chi Ik xfiy dung ran ngubi dao Iy, dng Iy vk nhfin Iy, mk ebn Ik nhtnig cflng dfin ed y thuc vk tai nkng tac dfing vko ngoai gidi dl ngky d n g tao bO rakt xfi hfliradi,thoa mfin ngky d n g cao yfiu d u ehfin ehinh cua ngubi Con ngubi dd, trude hd't kha nkng kfi't hop nhuin nhuyin ly thuyit vd thuc hdnh, bifi'n tri thuc thknh ^ nfing, ed thi dkt minh vko cdng nghd thue hknh coa mdt linh vuc chuyenradn.Dilu dd ngMa, bran nguiji ly tri, tri tuO phat trien cao, tri tuO khfing chi Ik tri thue raa bid'n thknh "bd nao" nhay ben, khdng cM thi MOn d "su Met" mk d su tinh thdng vk "kheo leo" ngubi nky, tri tuO Ik tufi nkng sang tao gia tii cuflc sd'ng Nhu vfiy, dkc trung nd'i bat oranngum hknh dpng ebn Ik khd ndng sdng tqo Cupc sflng Mfin dai dbi hoi eon ngudi phai vfin dung kho nkng luc td'ng hgp theo Md'u tu nkng dgng,ti'chcue Nhung d nhfin ton tai nhu nhirng "kho bach khoa tri thiic" xua khflng Mfim Van de la tir kho tri thue dd, bang dch nhin radi, each nghi radi, thfing qua quy lukt vfin dflng d a tMdn nhidn vk xk hfli, chu the vach duoe hudng di mdi, dd la ti'nh nang dflng lieh sucua d nhan Chi voi ti'nh nang dpng sang tao dd ngudi ta mdi ro thi tao dugc kha nkng de timg bude Ikm chu ban thkn, lam chii xfi hgi, di sfiu kham pha bi mfit eiia thfi gidi, thn Huong di toi uu eho phat triln xa hfli Nha giao due hgc ngubi Nhfit Ban T MaMguehi td the'kytinroedfi ndi rang: "Cufic sfl'ng ron ngi^ Ik mgt qua trinh tao gia tri", "ding thm, qua ttinh sang tao, nhkn p h ^ ngiroi Cling dupe hinh tMinh', "giao due d n hudng ngubi di tdi muetieudd" Con ngudi M^n dai ciing phai la eon ngubi d nang chuye'n hpe vfi'n, Mnh ngMOm vkn hda; Men tao ndn su tie'n bfl vfin hda cua ca nhfin cung nhu cua xfi hfii Mli ngubi tu giao due dd' tao gia tri van hda eho minh, ding thdi eung phai trd thknh DlfiNDANGIAOPyC nha giao due tao gia tri vfin hda cHo ngubi khac phat trifi'n van hda hudng thu va thudng ngoan cho Dfl'i vdi giao due nhan van, van de khdng phai la moi ngubi Dd thue sir la dinh cao cua eon ngudi phat ngubi "phdi nhu the ndo", ma la eon ngubi "ed khd trid'n theo hudng nhan vkn ndng vd si cd khd ndng sao" trude siirafinhlieh su Nhuvfiy, ngudi phat trid'n theo Iy tudng nhkn dfi'i vdi su phat trid'n van hda eiia chinh minh eiing van la ngubi dupe thue sir trd ve chinhrainh,phat nhu eua cpng dfi'ng Hudng phat trie'n nhu vfiy, thue trien tat d d c tfl'chat thufle ban chat nhan ban, nhkn sulk HO thfing md dfl'i vdi su phat trid'n eon ngum van dao, nhan van cua minh, thirc Men dupe tfi't d nhiing hda Dd chinh Ik difi'u Men md rpng tu phat trien gi eon ngudi can cd va se phai ed ngubi trude trach nhidm cung nhuy nguyOn vk Tu tudng nhfin van dd'i vdi viec phat trie'nranngubi kha nfing cua eon ngubi Viet Nam tuong lai dfi dugc Dang, Nha nudc, Nhung eon ngudi khdng phai ehi bie't sang tao nhfin dfin Viet Nam ghi Cuong linh xdy dung lieh su, van hda, ngMa Ik nd khdng chi biet hy sinh va dd't nudc thai qud dq lin ehd nghia xd hdi: dat cong hiin Tfi't nhien, su nghiep xay dung xfi "eon ngudi d vi tri trung tdm cua phdt triin kinh ti - xd hdi mdi vk vdi tucach Ik chil the tao van hda thi hdi; ngudi vdu Id muc tiiu vda Id ddng luc cda su hy sinh vk eflng hien vira la nghia vu vu-a la niem phdt triin kinh te - xd hdi vinh quang Nhung dkc trung quan nhat Vide thue hidn muc tieu dd da duwc Dang, Nhk cudc sd'ng mdi eon ngudi, cufi'i cimg, dd la dugc hudng nudc vk toan dan ta coi la cupc cdch mang ngudi va thu va duoe thudng ngoan radt dch hop ly, ehinh bang mdt Chien luqc phdt triin eon ngudi; tdt cd vi dang nhung thknh qua rainh sang tao Vdi y ngudi vd ngu&i ngMa nhfin vfin, tM thuong ngoan va hudng thu cMnh Su nghidp giao due nhan van va ke't qua ciia giao dang vk hop ly ehinh la muc tieu vuon tdi ly tuong due nhan van ia rafit qua trinh, khong cd die'ra tan cua loki ngudi ciing, ciing gidng nhu pham chat nhfin van, khat vong De bao vd vk thuc hidn ly tudng dd, ngubi san nhan van, nang lue vuon tdi the gidi nhfin van eua sang hy sinh Icri ieh d nhkn, hy sinh d cMnh ban thkn ngubi la vd ciing tan Cd the ndi, mlu ngubi phat trien minh CMu dung va hy sinh Ik y cM vuot qua sir d n nhfin van - dd la ly tuong dl d c nen giao due cua tung ttd cua eai xfi'u, d i ac, dl dat tdi d i tfl't, cai dep - tdi thbi dai, tung qufl'c gia, timg mue dfl khong ngung phaih hanh phiicranngiroi Thudng ngoan va hudng thu (vdi dfi'u vuon tdi nghia chan cM'nh vk hgp ly) phai la mdtnhuduvkkha nang ldnttongcon ngudi hifin dai Cach hudng thu dung, trinh dd thudng ngoan caodd Ik trinh dp van hda d a nhkn dch phat triln cao Qua trinhtie'nbd di tdi tu do, hanh phiic chan cM'nH Ik qua trinh giam dan mfiu sfl' hy sinh, chiu dung, tang din ty sfi' hudng thu, thuong ngoan; Tai mdt li tdt nghidp cua sinh vidn dai hgc d Vidt Nam (Anh S ... hda, ViOt Nam, ttong bfi''i d n h chuyen dii ldn d e he gia tii, Men cd the tam ggi dang ed su "dk''u tranh" giiia "con ngum kmh te^ vk "con ngudi dao diic", "eon ngubi edng chuc" va "con ngubi... nhiing hudng di thich hpp nhfi''t eho muetidunhkn dao Vidt Nam ndi ehung, giao due nhkn vkn ViOt Nam ndi ridng, N^i dung phkt triln ngudi Vi^t Nam theo Iy tudng nhfin vkn Loki ngubi dang bude tu tin... Vifit Nam thdi gian qua Ly tudng phat trie''n ngiroi theo hirong nhfin van d Viet Nam the Men ro tiong nen van Men lau dbi, Hch suvan hda, van hgc, nghd thufit phong phii eua dan tflc Vidt Nam Tuy