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Tff chu tai chinh trong giao due dai hoc cong lap of Viet Nam Nhu''''ng van de dat ra TS NGUYEN KIM CHUNG, ThS TRAN VIET HUNG Trifdng Cao dang Kir n te Do''''i ''''goai TP Hr C •• nfi Cd che trf chu vl tai chi[.]
Tff chu tai chinh giao due dai hoc cong lap of Viet Nam: Nhu'ng van de dat TS NGUYEN KIM CHUNG, ThS TRAN VIET HUNG Trifdng Cao dang Kir.n te Do'i 'goai TP Hr C-: •• nfi Cd che trf chu v l tai chi'nh cho cac trifofng dai hoc la chu trifofng dfftfc trien khai tuf \&u n h i m nSng cao chat lifdng dao tao dai hoc cT nu'dc ta TuT nhieu nam nay, trf chu d^i hpe la ch6 "that c6' chai" gSy can trd cho sif chu dpng cua cac trrfdng Vi v$y, n§n trao quydn trf chu nhrf the nao va cac trffdng dai hpe thi^c hi$n quyen cho hieu qua la c§u hoi khong d l tra ldi THl/CTECACTRL/CfNG TI/CHU DEN DAU? chffc de hoan thdnh nhidm vu dffdc giao; lang ctfdng stf giam sdt eua can bd, edng chffc viec sff dung bidn ehd', kinh phi Nhd dd, kinh phi dtfdc sff dung tid't kiem Tfnh den hd't ndm 2011, Bd Gido due va hieu qua hdn vd Ddo tao da giao ed che ttf chu ttf chiu Tuy nhidn, bdn eanh nhffng ke't qua da dat dtfdc, cd trdch nhiem ve tai chinh cho 52 ddn vi chd' tai ehinh hien ddi vdi giao duc dai hoc van cdn trdc thudc, dd, ed ddn vj ttf ddm mdt sd tdn lai, ba't cap can tie'p tuc dtfdc hoan thien va bdo kinh phi hoat dpng thddng xuydn, 37 ddi mdi cho phiJ hdp vdi cdc chu irtfdng, dinh htfdng ve ddn vi tff ddm bdo mdt phin kinh phi hoat phdt tridn kinh te' - xa hdi giai doan mdi ddng thtfdng xuyen Cac trtfdng da dtfdc Mgt Id hien nay, Nha nddc van khd'ng ehe'cae chi tdchu Irong viec gidm cdc thu tuc hanh lieu luyen smh hang nam, chddng trinh day van bi quan chinh, chu ddng sff dung kinh phi, bidn ly trdn khung dmh sdn, cat giam ngdn sdch chd', bd tri sap xe'p dpi ngu cdn bd, cdng nha nddc ehi thtfdng xuydn cua cdc trtfdng Ddng thdi 29 HIEM CCia - TRAO DOI ngudn thu hoc phi he chinh quy van phai tuan theo cac dinh mdc khung theo Quye't dinh sd'70/1998/QD-TTg, 31/3/1998 cua Thu tddng Chinh phu va Nghi dinh sd 49/2010/ND-CP cua Chinh phu, 14/5/2010 Dieu gay nhieu khd khdn cho cac trffdng vide dm nguon kinh phi bu dap, chda ke nang cao chat lffdng dao tao Theo tinh toan cua Bd Tai chinh Men nay, cd che' tai ehinh dd'i vdi cac trddng dai hpe deu thd'p, khdng du bu ddp ehi thddng xuyen Mdc hpe phi dddc dieu ehinh theo Id trinh tang dan tff 20% - 25% mdi ndm, nhtfng dd'n nam 2015, mffe thu hoe phi cung chi dap dng dffdc khoang 40% - 50% chi phi dao tao Hai Id cung theo quy dinh cua Nghi dinh so' 43/2006/ND-CP, 25/4/2006 cua Chinh phu, cac trddng dtfdc quyen ttf chu kinh phi thtfdng xuydn de chi tieu dam bao hoan nhidm vu dtfdc giao, phu hdp vdi hoat ddng dae thu cua ddn vi, sff dung kinh phi tid't kiem ed hidu qua Nhtfng Thdng tff Hen rich so' 50/2008/TTLT-BGDDT-BNV-BTC, 09/9/2008 cua Bd Gido due va Dao tao Bp Npi vu va Bp Tai chinh hddng ddn che'dO tra lffdng day them gid dd'i vdi nha gido eae ed sd giao due cdng lap, ban chd'ehi tra them gid khdng qua 200 gid tieu chuan/nam Dieu dd khid'n cac trffdng gap khdng it khd khan hoat dpng dao tao va sddung kinh phi rie't kiem, bdi Id: gidi han ehi loan khdng qua 200 gid vffdt/nam, ddn den so'Itfdng giang vien phai mdi them tang Idn nhieu Vide mdi giang vidn bdn ngoai ra't bi dpng (phai phu thudc kd' hoaeh giang day cua giang vidn dtfdc mdi), chi phi cho viec mdi giang vien thddng cao hdn ra't nhieu so vdi chi tra vtfdt gid cho giang vien cd hffu cua trtfdng, vi phai chi tra them tien di lai, an, d va cac nhdm khuyd'n khieh khac Didu dang ndi la, cac doanh nghiep nha ntfdc khdng bi khd'ng chd'ngudn thu, chi kiem soat viec chi, dd'i vdi cae trtfdng dai hpe edng dddc giao ttf ehu thi Nha nddc lai khdng khd'ng che'viec ehi, ma ngddc lai, khd'ng chd' mdc thu Ba't cap dd da khid'n cac tnfdng cdng lap phai tan dung mpi phtfdng cdch de tang ngudn thu, tff vide md rpng he lai chdc de'n cdc chffdng Irinh lien ke't ntfdc ngoai chddng trinh cha't Itfdng cao; hoac la giam lffdng sinh vidn he chinh thffc, md rpng Idp sinh vidn he Iff nguyen ddng tien, nguy cd tao mdt sff phat trien thie'u kiem sodt Hdn nffa, he thd'ng khdng ed sff dinh htfdng phat trien rd rang, khdng cd sff tham gia xay dffng dinh hffdng iff cap nha dofdng ddn dd'n chie'n Iddc gido due dai hpe chung cho loan bd he ihdng vdn cdn bd ngo Ba Id, vdi chu trffdng giao quyen ttf chu tai chinh cho cdc trffdng dai hoc hien cho tha'y, cae trddng cdng dang ehu trpng ddi hoi dddc ttf quye't dinh mffe thu hpe phi hdn la quan tam dd'n vide dem lai cho sinh vien nhffng gia tri gia tang xdng dang sudt khda hoc du dam bao eho hp kha ndng canh tranh tren thi trddng lao dpng loan cau Mdt nhffng nguyen nhan la vi ede trffdng edng chffa bi dp Iffc canh tranh binh dang vdi trddng ngoai cdng lap va vi he thd'ng ca^p phdt ngan ^aeh cua Nha nffde van chda dffa trdn danh gia ke't qua 30 dau Dd cung la trd ngai khid'n viec iff chu tai chinh cua cac tnfdng khdng dat dffdc ke't qua nhd mong mudn cua Nhd nddc la nang cao sffc canh tranh vd chat lffdng ngudn nhdn ldc cho xa hdi Cd the ndi, mac du Nha nffde vd Bp Giao due va Dao Iao da hd't sffc chu trpng van de td chu va da co gang Iao hanh lang phdp ly cho quyen iff chij cda cac cd sd gido due dai hpe, nhiftig cac quydn ttf chu vdn chda thdt ?,\i phdt huy het tdc dung vi rinh cha't chda triet de va sif thieu nha't quan ddng bd Irong ede chu trtfdng chinh sach cua Nha ntfdc Cdc cd sd giao due dai hoc van rat mong mudn dtfdc tang thdm quydn Id chij, dae biet la cac linh vdc quan ly tai chinh MOT SO KIEN NGH! vi phia Nhd nUdc: - Cae quy dinh phap ly ve quydn tff chu cho cdc cd s6 gido due can dffdc thdng nhat va cung dffdc cap nhdt d cac van ban quan ly khac nhau, de cdc cd sd gido due dai hpe cd dffde quydn tff chu trpn ven vd cd cd che' hd trp thffc hidn quydn td chu dd, tranh tinh trang Iff chu "nffa vdi" hodc trao quydn Iff chu, nhffng v§n "trdi bupc" bdi cd che' Quyen td chu cho cac cd sd gido due dai hoc can dddc giao dong bd, ben canh tff ehu vd tdi chinh, cln e6 td chu ngudn nhan Idc; cdc van de lien quan de'n tuydn sinh vd quan Iy sinh vidn; cdc hoat ddng hoc thuat va chffdng trinh giao due cac van de lidn quan de'n quan ly hanh chinh va tai chinh, quan ly vd sd dung ngan sdch, ede ngudn tai chinh cua trddng Bdi vi, cdc khia canh lien quan chat che vdi nhau, ndu khdng ed dddc quyen Iff chii mat ndy thi quyen Id chu d cdc mdt khdc khdng the phat huy day du dffde Vi du, dddc giao Id chu ve tdi chinh thi can dffdc giao quyen chu dpng tuyen sinh, xay ddng mdc thu hpe phi vd cac khoan thu Tuy nhien, ben canh vide trao quy^n Iff chu, Nhd nffde can xdy ddng hanh lang phdp ly chdl che, kha thi rang buoc stiiif chiu trdch nhiim cua ngffdi ddng dau nhd trddng (hidu trddng, tap the lanh dao) vdi xa hdi ve hieu qua sd dung lai san va cha't Iddng cua nhffng san pham trffdng tao - Quan ly nha nddc ve gido due dai hoc nen thffc hien d cac ndi dung cd tam VI md, cd tinh chie'n Iddc, d cdc khdu chi dao, huy dpng dieu phoi vd giam sdt, edn cdc khau quan ly vd td chffc thdc hidn nen giao cho cdc cd sd giao due dai hoc chu ddng Bp Gido due vd Dao tao can sdm ban hanh cac the che', chinh sdch gidm sat, quy dinh minh bach vd khdng lam Ihay cdng vide ciia cdc trddng dai hoc Chuyen ddi td cd chd' Nha ntfdc kiem soat sang cd chd' Nha ntfdc giam sat ke't hdp vdi dao tao theo thi trtfdng Dau ttf manh va ddng chd cho giao due, giao quydn Id chu cho cac trddng dai hoc thdng qua cd che' giam sat chdt che tff xa hdi, Bp Gido due va Dao tao va hdi ddng trtfdng - De chien Itfdc phat tridn giao due, xay dtfng Id trinh tang quyen ttf chu eho cac trddng dai hpe Ban hdnh chuan mdc hdnh chinh, tai chinh, cdc chuan mtfc hoc Ihuat, tie'n hanh cdng Idc td ehffe kiem dinh cha't Itfdng dai hpe va kiem loan tai chinh ddc Idp Ddm bdo dieu phd'i ngudn Idc hidu qud, thid't kd' ed ehd' kidm soat quydn lu'c, Iao mdi trddng canh tranh binh dang - Dd Ihtfc hidn phdn loai cdc trtfdng, tie'n hdnh ddnh gid, kiem dinh chd't Itfdng todn didn (ddi ngii edn bd qudn ly gidng vidn, nhan vien, sinh vien, cd sd vat cha't ky thudt phuc vu ddo tao ) Idm cdn cd phdn bd ngudn ngan sdch nha ntfdc Ve phia cdc trUdng dgi hgc cdng Igp: - Cdc trddng cln cd hdi ddng Irtfdng de nhffng quye'l dinh dda la vi ldi ich chung chff khdng phdi vi ldi ich cua nha trffdng Hdi ddng trffdng cd quydn Iffc cao nhd't bao gdm ea sinh vidn va cdc dai dien ben ngoai, chff khdng chl la dai dien cdc khoa, phdng, bd mdn bdn trddng - Thdc hien chinh sdch tai chinh da dang hda ngudn thu Kinh phi dau td cho gido due dai hpe gdm cdc ngudn: ngdn sdch nha nddc, hoc phi - le phi tin dung sinh vien, cdc khodn quydn gdp qud tdng boat dpng kinh doanh cua nha Quyin Ui chu cho cae cd sot giao due dai hoc c^n difdc giao ddng bo, bdn canh ttf chij ve tai cliinh, c l n co tif chu ngudn nh^n life; ttf chu cac va'n dd Uen quan de'n tuydn sinh va quan ly sinh vidn Tuy nhien, c4n co hanh lang phap ly rang bu6c sit tU chiu trdch nhigm cua ngddi ddng dau nha trddng (hidu trddng, tap thd lanh dao) vdi xa hpi vd hidu qua sd dung tai san va chat Iddng cua nhdng san pham trddng tao trddng Da dang ngudn thu nham tang thu nhap cho cac trtfdng dai hpe Mudn tifng btfdc giam dan ngan sdch nha ntfdc ca'p hang nam, thi hoat dpng kinh doanh trtfdng dai hpe can dddc tang ctfdng Trong dd phat tridn ngudn tai trd cdng de cd mdt he thd'ng giao due dai hoc cdng lap manh, eiing eanh tranh vdi boat ddng cac trtfdng ttf thuc - Cd chd'phan bd kinh phi cho hoat ddng giang day tai cdc trddng dai hpe nen dp dung linh hoai theo xu htfdng ddi mdi, cd canh tranh de tang ctfdng hieu qua tao dieu kidn de nha trtfdng chu ddng cac hoat ddng va cd hdi tie'p can giao duc dai hoc cho cdc dd'i ttfdng khac - Can cung cd', md rdng mdi quan hd hdp lac vdi cdc trtfdng ed uy tin d va ngoai ntfdc de trao ddi kinh nghiem hpe thuat, each thffc td chffc qudn ly dao tao, nghien cdu khoa hpe, tao nen tang vffng chac thffc hidn nhiem vu cua mdt irtfdng ttf chu - De eao thtfdng hidu cua trtfdng nham thu hut cdc ngudn dau td, tai trd bdn ngoai Nha trddng can thu hut dtfdc giang vien gioi, sinh vien gidi vi ehi cd giang vidn, sinh vidn gidi thi mdi tao dtfng dffde thffdng hieu cua nha trtfdng, tff mdi thu hut dtfdc stf dau td td Nha ntfdc cung nhd tff cae td chffc khde Mud'n vay, cdc trffdng phai xay ddng quy ehe'dai ngd nhdn tdi phCi hdp thdng qua vide tai trp cho sinh vien ngheo hpe gioi, van ddng cac td chffc cap hoc bong cho sinh vien cd nang Iffc vd hdn nffa, chu ddng tim kidm nhffng vide lam tdt nha't cho sinh vidn trddng Didu ndy hoan todn khde vdi hidn md cd che eu it cd trddng chu ddng Iim kidm vide lam cho sinh vien.Q TAI LIflU THAM KHAO Pham Xuan Hau (2009) Vdn de tU chu • li/ chiu trdch nhiem d cdc trudng dgi hgc vd cao ddnii Vigt Nam Ky yeu Hdi thao khoa hoc thang 10/2009, TP Ho Chi Minh Hd Viet Thinh (2013) Tff chu gido due dai hpe: Thtfc trang va khuyd'n nghj, Tgp chi Kinh te vd Di/bdo sd 13 thdng Pham Thi Ly (2013) Tu chu dgi hgc • cdi nhin lit nhiiu phia Iruy cap td hiip://tuoitre.vn/tuoilre-cuoi-tuan/528311/tu-chu-dai-hoc-cai-nhin-tu-nhieu-phia.html Le Thdm (2012) Nhitng bdt cgp ca chi' tu chu tdi chinh dgt hgc truy cap iff htip:// Mnhvicnplus.vn/nhung-bal-cap-trong-co-ehe-tu-chu-tai-chinh-dai-hoc/ 31 ... va Bp Tai chinh hddng ddn che''dO tra lffdng day them gid dd''i vdi nha gido eae ed sd giao due cdng lap, ban chd''ehi tra them gid khdng qua 200 gid tieu chuan /nam Dieu dd khid''n cac trffdng gap... mdi), chi phi cho viec mdi giang vien thddng cao hdn ra'' t nhieu so vdi chi tra vtfdt gid cho giang vien cd hffu cua trtfdng, vi phai chi tra them tien di lai, an, d va cac nhdm khuyd''n khieh... dffde quydn tff chu trpn ven vd cd cd che'' hd trp thffc hidn quydn td chu dd, tranh tinh trang Iff chu "nffa vdi" hodc trao quydn Iff chu, nhffng v§n "trdi bupc" bdi cd che'' Quyen td chu cho cac