TAP CHI KHOA HQC BAI HOC DONG NAI, SO 02 2016 ISSN 2354 1482 V ^ DUNG QUAN DIEM HO CHI MINH VE VAI TRO NGUCn THAY VAO VIEC BOI DUOfNG DOI NGU NHA GIAO DAP I T N G Y E U CAU DOI M 6 I GIAO DUC DAO TAO[.]
ISSN 2354-1482 TAP CHI KHOA HQC - BAI HOC DONG NAI, SO 02 - 2016 V ^ DUNG QUAN DIEM HO CHI MINH VE VAI TRO NGUCn THAY VAO VIEC BOI DUOfNG DOI NGU NHA GIAO DAP I T N G Y E U CAU DOI M I GIAO DUC DAO TAO TS, Tnrong Vdn Tudn' Trong di sdn tu tudng Hd Chi Minh, tu tuang ve gido due ludn ed y nghTa ly lugn vd thuc tien sdu sde doi vai su nghiep cdeh mgng Viet Nam Van dung cdc quan diem ciia Hd Chi Minh ve vai trd nguai thdy vdo viec xdy dung, bdi dudng dgi ngU nhd gido hien la ke thira vdphdt trien tu tudng cua Ngudi thdi ky mai Ngudi thdy Id yeu td quyet dinh den chdt luang gido diic, sdn phdm cita dgy hgc Id tuang lai cua ddn tgc VI vgy, mdi nhd gido cdn qudn triet day du, sdu sde, todn dien han nhiing ldi dgy quy bdu, nhirng quan diem ciia Hd Chi Minh ve gido due, ve vai trd, trdch nhiem cita ngudi thdy gido ddi vdi Td qudc, vdi nhdn ddn Tu- khoa: Ngudi thdy gido Tu tudng Hd Chi Minh; Quan diem eua Ho Chi Minh ve vai trd ngudi thdy l.Mddau Hdi nghi lan thfi Tam Ban Chap hanh Trung uang Bdng khda XI da ban hanh Nghi quyet 29 ve ddi mdi can ban, toan dien giao dye vd ddo tao, ddp fing yeu cau cdng nghiep hod, hien dai hod dieu kien kinh te thi trudng dinh hudng xa hgi chu nghia va hdi nhap qudc te Thdi ky cdch mang mdi ddi hdi mdi nha giao cdn chu ddng, tich cue, sang tao thuc hien ddi mdi, quylt tam khdc phyc tinh trang tri tre, lae hau cae boat ddng gidng day, giao dye Do vdy, yeu eau ve pham chdt va nang lyc nha gido ngdy cang quan trgng Trong sudt cudc ddi hoat dgng cdch mang, tfi mgt thdy gido Nguyin Tat Thanh cho din trd lanh ty eua Dang, Nha nudc - Chu tich Hd Chi Minh ludn rdt quan tam din giao dye va dao tao, ve vai trd, nhiem vy cua ngudi thdy giao sy nghiep each mang cua dan tgc Viet Nam Chinh vi vay, viec hgc tap, nghien cfiu va van ' Tnrong Can bp Quan ly Giao due Tp H6 Chi Minh dyng nhiing quan diem cua Chu tich Hd Chi Minh ve gido due, ve vai trd ngudi thay de bdi dufing ddi ngu nha gido dap irng yeu cdu ddi mdi giao dye vd dao tao cua nudc nhd cang cd y nghTa quan trgng, cap thiet fiong giai doan hien Quan diem Ho Chi Minh v§ vai trd ciia ngirdi th^y Giao dye va dao tao la sy nghiep chung eua Dang, Nhd nudc va toan xa hgi nhung trye tiep thye hien nhiem vu la ddi ngu nha gido Theo Chu tich Hfi Chl Minh, vdn de then chdt quyet dinh ehdt lugng giao dye chinh la ddi ngfl nhiing ngudi thdy gido va edn bd quan ly gido dye; tu tudng dugc thi hien ro qua cdc ngi dung sau; 2.1 Ngirdi thdy gido giit vai trb quan trgng str nghidp gido due Muc dich cao ca cua Chii tich Hd Chi Minh la mong cho ddn tgc, nhan dan cd eudc sdng am no, tu do, hanh phiic 18 TAP CHI KHOA HOC - DAI HOC DONG NAI, SO 02-2016 ISSN 2354-1482 eung khdng thd phdt huy het tdc dung Bang sfic lyc, kinh nghiem, tdm huyet, tri tue va tam guong cua ngudi thay nhung tri thfic khoa hgc, gid tri nhdn vdn, ban sac cua dan tgc va tinh hoa vdn hod cua nhan loai dd dugc truyen thy, chuyen tai, gfii gdm cho the he tre dd hg trd nhiing ngudi lao ddng chan chinh, nhttng can bd man cdn, nhiing nha khoa hgc tai nang ddng gdp thiet thuc, hieu qua eho ddt nudc Do vay, Hd Chi Minh khdng duih: "Khdng cd thay giao thi khdng cd gjao dye" [5, fr.l84] Ngudi khdng dinh: "Mdt dan tdc ddt la mdt dan tdc yeu" [2, tr.l6] Su nghiep giao due ma Hd Chi Minh va Dang ta day cdng thyc hidn dam bdo ea ban nhat, quydt dinh nhat cho viee thye hien thang lgi mgi dudng ldi, ehu truang, chinh sach cua Ddng, Nhd nudc vd nhan ddn ta Trong tu tudng Hd Chi Minh, ngudi thay gido gifi vi tri trung tam he thdng gido dye, quyet dinh den su van hanh cua ca he thdng giao dye Nhiem vu eua ngudi thdy gan lien vdi nhiem vu chinh tri Ngudi thay vira mang pham chdt dao dfic chung ciia ngudi each mang, vira mang pham chat dao diic eiia nghe day hgc "Vi lai ieh mudi ndm thi phdi trdng cdy vi lai fch trdm ndm thi phdi ngudi" Vdi tam nhin chien luge cua radt vT nhdn, mdt nhd chinh tri, mgt hiln fi-ilt, Chii tich Hd Chi Minh ddnh gid rdt cao vai trd ngudi thdy edng cudc kien thiet nude nha Theo Hd Chi Minh, ngudi thay, ngudi tri thue, ngudi chien sT tren mat tran tu tudng - van hda cd sfi menh quan trgng la hun due nguyen qudc gia, dao tao ldp ngudi tai - dfic ke tyc sy nghiep each mang cua ddn t^c vd nhdn dan ta Va Hd Chi Mmh dd giao phd nhiem vy quan trgng, khd khdn eho ddi ngu nha giao Day la nhiem vu rat ve vang nhung rat nang ne cua nhung ngudi theo dudi sy nghiep trdng ngudi Hd Chi Minh ludn de cao vai trd cua cac nha gido ddi vdi xa hgi Ngudi nhan manh: "Nhiing ngudi thay gido tot la nhixng ngudi ve vang nhat Id nhfing anh himg vd danh" Trong bdi phdt bidu tai Trudng Dai hge Su pham Ha Ndi (10/1964) Ngudi ndi: "Cd gi ve vang han la nghe ddo tao nhiing the he sau tich eye gdp phdn xay dyng chu nghTa xa hgi va chu nghia cdng san Ngudi thay giao tdt - thdy giao xfing ddng la thdy gido - la ngudi ve vang nhat, dfi ten tudi khdng ddng tren bdo, khdng dugc thudng huan chuang Song nhung ngudi thdy giao tdt la nhfing ngudi anh himg vd danh Day la radt dilu rdt ve vang, neu khong cd thay gido day cho em nhan dan thi lam ma xay dung chu nghTa xa h^i dugc Vi vdy, nghi thay gido rdt quan trgng, rdt vevang" [8, tr.333] 2.2 Phdm chdt vd ndng Ig-c cua ngwoi thdy quyit dinh ehdt lirgmg ddo tgo ngudi; ngw&i thdy phdi tdm huyit v&i nghi, tieu bieu ve nkdn cdch dgo dwc, loi song vd thirffng yeu ngw&i "Mgi ly thuyet deu la mau xam, chi cay ddi la mai mai xanh tuai" Sdeh vd, gido trinh, tai lieu du tdt, du hay ddn dau chdng nfia ndu khdng cd ngudi thay hudng ddn, giang giai, phan tich, due ket Chu tich Hd Chi Minh dat ngudi thay d vi tri cao quy nhung Ngudi cung ddi hdi d cac thay, cd giao radt trach 19 TAP CHi KHOA HQC - BAI HQC DONG NAI, SO 02 - 2016 nhiem rdt nang ne De thuc hien nhiem vy quan trgng eua minh thi trude het "thay phdi xung dang la thay, thdy phai duge lya chgn can than vi khdng phai cung lam thay dugc" Thay cd giao la nhiing ngudi khai sdng tri tue, md mang tri thuc, thap sang nggn lua tam hdn cho ngudi hgc Ngudi ndi: " c nhiing ngudi tudi tre sach nhu mgt tdm lya trdng, nhugm xanh thi nd se xanh, nhugm dd thi nd se dd, vi vay su hgc tap d nha trudng cd dnh hudng rdt ldn cho tuong lai cfia nien va tuong lai cua nien la tuong lai cua nude nha" [3, tr.l02] "Thdy tdt thi dnh hudng tdt, thdy xdu thi dnh hudng xdu" [6, tr.492] Vi vay, Hd Chi Minh ddi hdi, trudc bet ngudi thay phdi trd tam guang sdng, "phdi la kieu mau vd mgi mat, tu tudng, dao due, ldi lam viec" Ngudi nhdn manh: "Chinh tri Id dfic, chuyen mdn la tai, cd tai ma khdng cd due Id hdng" hay "cb'nh tri Id lmh hdn, chuyen mdn la xdc Cd chuyen mdn ma khong cd ehfnh tri thi chi Id cdi xae khdng hdn" [9, h:.269] MOt tdm guang sdng Clia ngudi thay cd sue lan toa rat ldn den cd mdt ldp ngudi, ngugc Iai mdt thdi quen xau, mgt hanh vi thieu chudn myc cua ngudi thay ed the lam mdt niem tin ea mdt thi he Gido due dugc ngudi thay gido dugc ca mgt the he Chii tjch Hd Chi Minh da nhdn manh chuyen mdn, nghiep vy ciia ngudi thay: "Cd tai md khdng cd dfic la hdng, cd due ma chi i td thi day thi ndo" [9, tr.269] Theo Ngudi, ngudi thdy phai cd kien thue vttng vang, sau rgng vl chuyen mdn, dd kit hgp nhudn nhuyin gitta ly thuylt, thuc tl va kinh nghiem Han nua, ngudi thdy khdng ehi cdn cd ISSN 2354-1482 vdn sdng, vdn hieu biet rgng rai vl ngudi, ve tu nhien va xa hdi ma cdn phai ed dc sdng tao, nhay ben, ludn di tim cai mdi thi hieu qua gidng day, gido dye mdi duge dam bao, mdi thuc sy trd ngudi thdy gidi Vi the, Ngudi mong mudn "gido vien ciing phdi tiln bg cho kip thdi dai thi mdi lam dugc nhiem vu Chd tu tuc, ty man, cho la gidi rdi thi dimg lai Ma dimg lai la liii budc, la lac hau, minh tu dao thai ttudc Cho nen phdi c6 g^ng hgc tap dl edi tao nunh, eai tao tu tirdng eua minh, eai tao eon em vd gjiip vao vi6c cai tao xa hdi" [6, tr.489] Do vay, Hd Chi Minh yeu cau ngudi ihay phdi chu y ren luyen ca dfic vd tdi Ngudi nhdn manh dao due ciia ngudi thdy, phai cd chinh tri trudc rdi cd chuyen mdn, due phdi cd trudc tdi, dao diic nen tdng de tai nang phat huy, toa sdng Gan lien vdi tinh cdm thuong yeu hgc trd la pham chat dao dfic "that tha yeu nghe" cua ngudi thay Nd dugc bieu hien trudc hit la sy gdn bd, thilt tha vdi nghe nghiep bdt cu hoan eanh nao Chu tich Hd Chi Minh thudng can dan nhiing ngudi lam thdy: "Nen yen tam edng tdc", khdng nen "dfing mii ttdng niii ng, mudn thay ddi cdng tac, ken cua vi dia vi" [6, tr.499] Ngudi thdy ydu nghi phdi cd tinh than khdc phye mgi khd khan, gian khd de hoan tdt nhiem vu, gdp phdn dua sy nghiep gido due nudc nha phdt trien Hd Chi Minh nhdn manh; "Ngudi huan luyen phai hge tap mai thi mdi lam tdt dugc cdng viec cua minh Ngudi huan luyen nao ty cho minh Id biet du cd rdi thi ngudi la ddt nhdt" Ngudi dan lai cau ndi cua Khdng Tfi: "Hge khdng biet chan, day khdng biet mdi" va ldi day cua V.I.Lenin: "Hgc, hge nfia TAJ CHI KHOA HQC - BAI HQC BONG NAI, SO 02 - 2016 hgc mai" de nhan manh rang ngudi thdy giao nao ty man cho minh gidi rdi ma dung vide hgc Iai la liii budc, la lae hau, la tu dao thdi minh Phai thudng xuyen ty bdi dufing, nang eao trinh ehuyen mdn, phuong phdp su pham de thuc sy la tdm guang sdng cho ngudi hgc noi theo 2.3 Ngw&i thdy phdi la nhimg ngw&i lay viie phgc vg nhdn ddn, phung su- To quoc ldm mgc tiiu phdn ddu suot d&i; ngir&i thdy phdi cd tinh thdn dodn kit, ky ludi, pkdt kuy ddn chd nhd trw&ng Hd Chi Minh yen cdu ngudi thay - ngudi tri thfic phai di vdo qudn chung, phung su Td qudc, phyc vu nhdn dan, phuc vy edeh mang, lay hanh phue cua nhan dan lam co sd Theo Ngudi, de trd thdnh mdt tri thuc phai xfing dang vdi 11 chu; "Dai hgc chi dao, tai minh minh dfic, tai than dan" "Minh minh due tuc Id chinh tdm Than dan tfic la phuc vy nhdn dan, dat lgi ich cua nhan dan len trdn het" [5, tr.214-217] Ngudi thdy phai nbdn thuc dugc trach nhiem phuc vu nhan dan, phyng su Td qudc lam muc tieu phan dau sudt ddi, phai ddng hanh vdi dan tdc tien hdnh dau tranh giai phdng dan tdc va xdy dung dat nudc phdn vinh Mudn lam dugc dilu dd, ngudi thay giao phdi cdi tao tu tudng bdn than minh vd "can xay dyng tu tudng day hgc de phyc vy Td quoc, phyc vy nhan dan", khdng ngimg trau ddi dao due cdch mang, phdi cd ehi cao thugng, vdi tinh thdn cdch mang "tidn uu hdu lac" ISSN 2354-1482 Theo quan diem Hd Chi Minh, tfie la ngudi thay ciing phai biet bang nhieu each khae tham gia vao qua trinh san xuat vat chat cua xa hdi; phdi hoa minh vao cdng ndng, phd bien van hod, nang cao tri thuc khoa hgc - ky thudt cho cdng ndng de hg ldm vide tdt ban, san xuat tdt ban, dem lai hieu qud kinh te cao hon Vi vay, cdc bac tri thfic "cd cdi trach nhiem nang ne va ve vang la lam guong cho dan mgi viec Dan ta da dau tranh rdt dung cam Le tat nhien gidi tri thfic phdi hy sinh dau tranh dung cdm ban nfia dd lam guang cho nhan dan" [3, ti-.381-382] Theo Ngudi, nhttng ngudi thdy mudn lam trdn nhidm vu thi phdi "1 Khd can, Hanh cdn, Thye can", nghia la lam viec bet sfic mmh, lam viee chat lugng, lam viec cd hieu qud, cd ndng suat [2, tr.259] "Doan ket, doan ket, dai doan ket Thdnh cdng, thdnh cdng, dai cdng" [7, tr.350] Ngudi dan dd; "Trude het la phdi dodn ket Doan ket that sy, gifia thdy va thay, giua thay va trd, giu'a trd vd trd, gitta can bd va cdng nhdn Todn the nha trudng phai dodn ket thdnh mdt khdi, dodn ket phai that sy trdm phan tram ehfi khdng phai chi la dodn kdt mieng" [8, tr.333] Trong mdi trudng su pham, Hd Chi Minh hieu rdt rfi gid tri cua su doan ket Doan ket se tao bau khdng vui ve, thodi mai, kich thich su kham pha giang day va nghien ciiu; ddng thdi se tao mdi trudng thi dua lanh manh, phdt huy dugc kha nang ciia cd nhdn va sue raanh cua tap the, cdng hien cho su nghiep gido due Chinh vi vay, Nguai ludn giao dye tinh thdn doan ket ddi ngu thay cd giao vd TAP c m KHOA HQC - DAI HOC DONG NAI, SO 02 - 2016 coi day Id phdra chdt dao due quan trgng cua ngudi thdy Chu tich Ho Chi Minh cd thai rat kien quyet vdi chu nghia cd nhan, coi nd la radm dgc de hang trdm thfi benh nguy hilm, qudi dc nhu: quan lieu, be phdi, tham d, lang phi, true lgi, dia vi, ty cao ty dai Theo Ngudi, mudn ehdng chu nghia cd nhdn nganh giao dye, ngudi thdy phai la "ngudi tri thfic cua giai cap edng nhan, bet long het sue phyc vy cdng nong", lam viec ^ phai nghT den lgi fch chung trudc, Igi ich rieng sau Theo Hd Chi Minh, ngudi thdy cdn phdi cd tmh thdn dan chu, phat huy eao tinh than dan chu xa hgi chu nghia nha trudng: Vai ddng chi, dong nghiep can manh dan phe binh va that tha phe binh Mdi thdy cd gido phdi ty ddnh gia minh de thdy minh cd uu diem vd ban chl, tu ty dieu ehinh trudc Ty phe binh la cdng viec thudng xuyen hang va phdi xudt phdt tfi y mudn doan ket Tu phe binh vd phe binh la phai that thd, trung thuc, khdng dugc che day khuyet diem, khdng dugc lgi dung nguyen tdc ty phe binh vd phe binh de cdng kich, da pha Khdng duge ne trdnh, ne nang, dT hoa vi quy, ma phai nhin nhan, ddnh gia ngudi khac mdt each khach quan, cdng bang Tu phe binh vd phe binh phdi kheo vd tinh te, phdi cd tinh ddng chi, ddng nghiep Tu phe binh va phe binh Id dl xay dyng tap the dodn kit, phdt ttiln Vdi nguai hgc, Ngudi ndi; "Trong trudng can ed dan ehu Ddi vdi mgi van de thay va trd cimg thdo luan, cd van de gi diu that thd phat bieu Dieu gi ehua thdng sudt thi hdi, ban cho thdng sudt Dan chu nhung tt-d phdi kinh thdy, thdy phai quy ISSN 2354-1482 trd, ehfi khdng phdi cd ddi bang ddu" [4, tr.456] Ddy la mdi quan he tdt dep cua thay vd trd xd hgi ddn chu, la sy ke thfia nhiing gia tri dao ly tdn su trgng dao cua ddn tdc ta Van dung tir tiromg H^ Chi Minh vao vi^c boi dirong doi ngu nhd giao dap img y@u cau doi mdi gido due va dao tao Thdm nhuan tu tudng Hd Chi Minh, Dang vd Nha nudc da nhan thfic ro vi tri, vai trd cua gido due va dao tao, ve vai trd, ndng lue va pham chat cfia ngudi thay sy nghiep each mang eua ddn tdc Viet Nam Lugt Gido due khang dinh: "Phdt trien gido dye la qudc sdeh hang dau nham nang cao dan tri, ddo tao nhan lue, bdi duang nhan tdi" (Dieu 9) Van kien Hdi nghi Trung uong khoa VIU cua Dang chi ro: "Gido vien la nhdn td quyet dinh chat lugng cua giao due va duge xa hgi tdn vinh" Nghi quylt 29-NQ/TW cua Dang da dua mye tieu tdng qudt de ddi mdi cdn bdn va toan dien gido dye nude nha: "Tao chuyen biln can ban, raanh me ve chdt lugng, hieu qud giao dye, dao tao; dap fing eang tdt hem cdng cugc xay dyng, bao ve To qufic va nhu cdu hgc tap cua nhan dan Gido due eon ngudi Viet Nara phat trien toan dien va phdt huy tdt nhat tiera nang, khd ndng sdng tao ciia mdi ea nhdn; yeu gia dinh, yeu Td qude, yeu ddng bao; sdng tdt va lam vide hieu qua" "Xdy dyng nen gido dye md, thyc hge, thyc nghiep, day tdt, hgc tdt, quan ly tdt; cd ca eau va phuang thfic giao dye hgp ly, gdn vdi xay dung xa hgi hgc tap: bdo dam cac didu kien ndng cao ehat TAP CHI KHOA HQC - DAI HOC DONG NAI, SO 02 - 2016 lugng; chuan hda, hien dai hda, ddn chu hda, xa hdi hda va hgi nhap qude te he thdng gido dye vd ddo tao; gifi vfing dinh hudng xa hdi chu nghTa va bdn sdc dan tgc Phan ddu den ndm 2030, nin gido due Viet Nam dat trinh tien tien khuvuc"[I,tt-.27-28] Nghi quyet 29 da cbi rfi vai trd cua giao dye - ddo tao ddi vdi sy nghiep cdng nghiep hoa, hien dai hod bdi canh toan cau hod vd hdi nhdp vdi qudc te va khu vyc Nghi quydt da vach ro gidi phdp CO bdn, dd, phat trien ddi ngu nhd giao duge xem la giai phdp then chdt Chinh tren y nghia dd, trach nhiem eua ngudi thay gido ddi vdi qudc gia, ddn tgc lai eang quan trgng Do vdy, dl ddi mdi todn dien, can bdn gido dye Viet Nam theo tinh than Nghi quydt Trung uong khoa XI, yeu cau dat ddi vdi mdi nha giao lai cang cao hon, nang ne hon, eu the tren cdc mat sau: Thu nhdt, ve bdn lmh chinh tri, phdm chdt dgo due doi vai nhd gido Dudi sy lanh dao cua Ddng, nhdn ddn ta da tien hdnh cudc khang ehien cfiu nudc ldu dai, gian khfi va vd cung ve vang, vdi ehien thang lay limg Dien Bien Phu 1954 vd Dai thdng mua Xudn 1975, bao ve nen dgc lap va thdng nhdt Td qudc Dd la thien anh hfing ca giai phdng dan tgc dugc vidt nen bang xuong mdu cua nhilu thi he, bdng sue manh cua may ngan nam van hien, bdng y chi sdt da cua cd ddn tdc "tha hy sinh tdt ca ehfi nhat dinh khdng chiu mat nudc, nhat dinh khdng chiu lam nd Id" [2, tr.l018] Tinh ISSN 2354-1482 cam yeu nudc thieng lieng dd trd truyen thdng vdn hod cua ddn tgc da lan rgng, thdm sdu vdo timg tira va khdi dc ciia biet bao thd he ngudi Viet Nam Bdn ITnh chinh trj cua ngudi thdy giai doan each mang hien Id vd cimg quan trgng Bdi le, nd la "diem tya" eho mgi nhan thuc va hanh dgng ciia ngudi thdy de hg phdt huy tdt vai trd va traeh nhidm ddi vdi ddt nudc, vdi nhdn dan Trong dieu kien hgi nhap va toan cdu hda, ngudi thay giao thudng xuyen dugc tidp can vdi cac phuong tien ky thuat, edng nghe hien dai, nam bat duge nhftng thdng tin mdi, da dang, nhieu chieu va het sfic phfic tap Neu khdng trang bi nen tang tu tudng cua chu nghTa Mdc - Lenin, tu tudng Hd Chi Minh, neu thieu hidu biet day du, sdu sac ve ljch su dat nude va truyen thdng van boa Viet Nam lam he quy chieu de chat lgc, lua ehgn nhung thdng tin cd ich cho dan, cho nudc thi hg khd tranh khdi nhfing anh hudng tieu cue mat trdi cua toan cau hda gay ra, Iam suy yen chat Iugng ngudn lyc tri tue cua dan tge Bdi Ie, mdt nhiing chfic nang, nhiem vu cua ngudi tri thfic ndi chung, nha gido ndi ridng la tuyen truyen van hod, giao dye va ddo tao ndng cao dan tri, hinh mdu nhan each cho xa hdi Mdt cd dugc bdn ITnh chinh tri, tu tudng viing vang trudc nhiing tac ddng tieu eye, hg chinh la nhfing chien sT tidn phong tren mat trdn vdn hoa, tu tudng, thyc hien cdng tac giao dye truyen thdng eua ddn TAP CHi KHOA HQC - DAI HQC DONG NAI, SO 02 - 2016 tde, ly ttidng, dao due cdch raang va Id tdm guang sdng cho the he tire noi theo ISSN 2354-1482 Thir hai, ve nang luc chuyen mdn ddi vdi nhd gido "Ban than nha gido due cung can Mdi thay ed gido phdi ludn hgc phdi duge gido due" (C.Mae) Ngudi tap de ndng cao trinh ve mgi mat thdy giao cdn phai tu dudng, ren luyen Ngudi yeu can, khdng the lanh bdn ITnh chinh tri va dao due nha giao, dao chung chung dugc nfia, chi cd long la; edn, kiem, hem, chinh, chi cdng nhiet tinh khdng thdi thi chua du, ma cdn vd tu, trung vdi nudc, hieu vdi dan, de phai cd tri thfic ntta Vdn de cang c6 nhiem vu nao cung hoan thdnh, khd y nghTa ldn lien hd, van dyng vao tinh khdn ndo eung vugt qua, san sang nhan hinh hien nhan loai da cd nhung lay trach nhiera phyng sy Td qudc, budc tien khdng Id va nhanh chdng ve phyng su nhan dan Idm muc tieu phan khoa hgc ddu sudt ddi, ddng hdnh vdi dan tdc tien dang d thdi ky day manh cdng nghiep hanh dau tranh giai phdng dan tdc vd hod, hien dai hod, gan vdi phat tridn kinh xay dyng dat nudc phdn vinh Dd chinh tl tri thfie Trong thai dai nhu vay, dimg cong nghe; Viet Nam la dao dfic cdch mang ma mdi ngudi tri lai, thdm chi la tien chdm Id bi tut hau, la thfic ndi chung, ngudi thay ndi neng bi thut lui so vdi ddng chdy cua tri thuc phai ren luyen thudng xuyen, lau dai nhan loai Bdi le, theo Chu tich Hd Chi Minh, "Dao dfic cdch mang khdng phai tren trdi sa xudng Nd ddu tranh, ren luyen ben bi hang ngdy ma phdt trien vd cung cd Cung nhu nggc cdng mdi cdng sang, vang cang Iuyen cang trong" [7, tr.301] Va chi thyc hien dugc dieu ngudi thay radi vihig vdng vugt qua trudc mgi khd khan, cam dd de lam trdn bdn phan Do vdy, Ngudi yeu cdu mdi ngudi thay ludn tu y thfic trau ddi dao dfic each mang: "Mdi eon ngudi, hom qua la vT diii cd sfic hap dan ldn, khdng nhdt dmh hdm vd ngdy raai van duge mgi ngudi yeu va ea nggi, neu long da khdng sdng nfia, neu sa vao chu nghTa ed nhan" [9, tr.567] Thuc hidn tdt yeu cdu ndy la qudn triet quan dilm eua Chu tich Hd Chi Minh ve Iy tudng va myc dich hgc tap, phan dau cua ngudi thdy, ngudi tri thuc Mdi nha gido phdi xdc dinh mue dich "Hgc de lam gi? Hgc dl phue vu ai?" [3, tt-.684] Theo Nguai, tru&c het la; "hgc de lam viec" Biet lam viee vua la ndng lye, nhung xet sdu xa nd lai ddng thdi la dao due, la bi6u hien van hda chinh tri cua mdi ngudi Hai Id, "hgc de lam ngudi" Ngudi thdy co trach nhiem hudng ddn eho nhan ddn, ttic la guong mau, ddi hdi vd bdt budc ngudi khdc ldm trdn nghTa vy cdng dan Ba Id, hgc de "lam can bd", tuc Id hgc de lam trdn chfic trdch cfia minh Chi ed hge "biet lam viee", "biet lam ngudi" radi cd the TAP CHI KHOA HQC - DAI HQC DONG NAI, SO 02 - 2016 "biet lam cdn bg" d l phyng su doan thi, phyng su giai cap va nhdn ddn, phyng su Td qudc va nhan loai Thil ba, ve tinh thdn dodn kit hgp tdc ddi vai nhd gido Thdi gian qua, mdt sd trudng hgc, ca sd khoa hgc cd tinh tt-^ng thieu tinh thdn hgp tae, thilu khdng khoa hgc nghe thuat vdi tinh ban va long quy trgng ldn nhau, nhiing mau thudn, nhiing va eham da ldm tdn thuong cdc mdi lien ket, khiln cho tap thi gap khd khan viec tap trung ed gdng cua ttmg thdnh vien vao viec thuc hien cdc nhiem vu chung Do tu tudng eye bg cgng vdl nhieu ehinh sach chara dugc ddi mdi nen sy lien ket giua cae ea quan nghien cuu khoa hgc ehua thuc hien dugc, Idm giam cd chat lugng nghien cfiu ldn chdt lugng giang day Kinh te thi trudng djnh hudng xa hgi chii nghla dd lam cbo nhieu thay ed gido ndng ddng hon, chu trgng den hieu qua cdng viec, nd lye ldm viec de khdng dinh minh, nhung ddng thdi cung ndy sinh d khdng it ngudi "ddu dc thyc dyng", coi trgng kinh te hon tinh than, trudc mat ban tuang lai, lgi ieh ea nhan hon gid tri cdng ddng, coi nhe cdc gid tri chinh tri xa hgi Khuynh hudng thuang mai hod da len Idi vao nhieu ITnh vye cua hoat ddng tri tue Vi thd, can tdng cudng tinh thdn doan ket, hgp tae boat dgng khoa hgc, van hod; phdng chdng va ddu tranh chdng nhfing bieu hien tieu eye, ca nhan chu nghTa ddi ngu nha gido vd cdc hoat ddng khoa hgc ISSN 2354-1482 Trong mdi nha trudng, de ed sy phdt tnen nhanh, ben viing can phai cd sy ddng tara hiep lyc cua tdt ca mgi ngudi Trong do, vai ttd cua ngudi lanh dao, qudn ly trye tiep ddi ngu giang vidn la hit sfic quan trgng Bdi le, mdi ldi ndi, hanh ddng ciia hg deu tac dgng rdt manh rae, rat sdu sac den tinh thdn, thdi do, tinh cdm, chat lugng, hieu qua cdng viee cua ngudi thdy Do vay, ti-ong cdng tac lanh dao tri thue ndi chung, nha gido ndi rieng, ngudi cdn bg lanh dao phdi thdm nhuan sau sde di hudn cua Chu tich Hd Chi Minh phdi xuat phat tu nidm tin ddi vdi ngudi, bdi vi "mdi ngudi deu ed Thien vd Ac d long Ta phai biet Idm cho phan tdt d mdi eon ngudi nd nhu hoa miia xudn vd phan xdu bi mdt ddn di, dd la thdi cfia ngudi each m^ng"[9, tt-.567] Thie tu, ve neu guang ddi vdi nhd gido Nhd gido Id tdm guang cho nhan dan, cho the he tre cua dat nudc noi theo Ngudi thdy neu guong ro net nhdt d cdc phuong didn sau: 1) Ngudi thdy cd trach nhi?ra dl tidn phong viec ty hgc, ty nghidn cfiu nang eao ndng luc cdng tdc, trinh chuyen mdn dl dap ung ydu cdu eiia nhiem vy dugc phan cdng Day khdng chi Id mdt nhiing dac thu cua ngudi tri thue, ma theo Chu tich Hfi Chi Minh edn la mdt nhiem vu hang dau cfia tci thuc, cua nhd giao - "chi cd mdt thu ham la ham hgc, ham Iam, ham tiln bg" [3, 489]; 2) Ngudi thdy phdi guong mdu thyc hien tdt cdc chu ttuong, chinh sdeh TAP CHi KHOA HOC - DAI HQC BONG NAI, S6 02 - 2016 cua Dang vd Nha nude, di dau mgi edng vi?c cua ca quan, don vj, cdng tdc dugc doan the giao phd, ldm viec bet sue minh, lam viec chdt lugng, lam vigc cd hidu qud, cd nang suat; 3) Ban than mdi ngudi thay giao phai xdy dung cho minh mdt phong cdch sdng khiem tdn, gidn di, dieu dd, ngdn nap, ve sinh, yeu Iao ddng, khdng ham danh lgi, ehuc quyen Ldi sdng mau mye ma mdi ngudi thdy thd hien khdng chi bao tdn nhfing gid tri van hod tdt dep cua dan tgc Viet Nam, ma cdn gdp phdn nang cao y thfic tdn trgng phap ludt, hinh thdnh tde phong cdng nghiep cho ngudi lao ddng; dua ldi sdng van hda thdm sau vao tfing ngudi, mfii gia dinh, khu dan cu, cdng sd, doanh nghiep gdp phan tao sy thdng nhat ve tu tudng vd hdnh ddng mgi tang ldp nhdn dan de xdy dung va phat trien dat nude; 4) Ngudi thdy khong chi chgn lgc, tiep thu nhiing tinh hoa, tri tue cua nhan loai, ma cdn cd trdch nhiem gidi thieu, the hien va phd bien vdi lodi ngudi tien bd tren todn the gidi ve truyin thdng vdn hod cua dan tdc ta, tinh tiidn yeu nudc cua nhan dan ta da dugc hun due qua hang nghin ndm vdn hien Dd chinh sy ket tinh tinh than va tri tud cua ca dan tgc Viet Nam - ddn tgc yeu chudng boa binh, edng Iy, la ngudi ban ddng tin eay cho sy hgp tac va phat trien Tdt ea nhung gid tri cdn dugc thi hien qua chinh phong each, ldi sdng, tu duy, hdnh ddng, chat lugng, hieu qud cua cdng viec ma mdi tri thuc dam nhdn trdch nhiem trudc Td qudc va nhan dan ISSN 2354-1482 K^t luan Trong di sdn tu tudng Hd Chi Mmh, tu tudng vd gido due ludn cd y nghia ly luan va thyc tien sau sdc ddi vdi sy nghidp cdch mang Viet Nam Thyc hien tu tudng cua Ngudi, ttong thdi gian qua, Dang va Nha nudc da xdy dyng ddi ngu nha giao ddng ddo ve sd lugng va chat lugng ngdy eang cao da gdp phan quan ttgng vao cdng chung cho sy nghiep each mang cua dan tdc ta, dua dat nudc ta timg budc phat tridn va hgi nhap vdi the gidi Nghi quydt 29 ve ddi radi can ban, todn didn gjdo due vd dao tao, ddp ling ydu cdu cdng nghiep hod, hien dai hod ttong dilu kidn kinh te thi trudng dinh hudng xa hgi chu nghTa va hgi nhdp qudc te Thdi ky each mang mdi ddi hdi mfii nha gido cdn chu ddng, tich cue, sang tao thyc hien ddi radi, quyet tdm khae phyc tinh tt-ang tri tte, lac hau ttong cac boat ddng giang day, giao dye Van dung cae quan diem cua Hd Chi Minh ve vai ttd ngudi tfiay vao viee xdy dyng, bdi dudng ddi ngu nha giao hien Id kl thfia va phat tiiln tu ttrdng cua Ngudi ttong thdi ky mdi Ngudi thay la yeu td quyet dinh den chat lugng giao dye, san phdm cua day hge Id tucmg lai cua dan tdc Vi vay, mdi thay gido, ed gido can qudn tridt day du, sau sde, todn dien hem nhimg ldi day quy bdu, nhiing quan diem eua Hd Chi Minh ve gjao dye, vd vai trd, ttach nhidm cua ngudi thay giao ddi vdi Td qudc, vdl nhan dan Va ban than ngudi thdy phdi quyet tam nd luc, phdn ddu nhieu hon, tt'ch cue hon gdp phdn xay dung mgt ngudn nhan lyc ldn manh cho dat nudc, quyet dinh thdng lgi vao sy nghiep ddi mdi ciia Dang, Nha nudc va nhdn ddn ta TAP CHI KHOA HOC - BAI HOC BONO NAI, SO 02 - 2016 ISSN 2354-1482 TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Dang Cong san Viet Nam (2013), Nghi quyet Hoi nghi Trung ucmg khoa XI ve doi m&i can bdn, todn dien gido due vd ddo tgo, Nxb Chinh tri qu6c gia, Ha Npi Ho Chi IMinh (2000), Toan tap, tap 4, Nxb Chinh tn Qu6c gia, Ha Ngi Ha Chi Minh (2000), Todn tap, tap 5, Nxb Chinh tri Qu6c gia Ha Npi H6 Chi Minh (2000), Todn tap, tap 7, Nxb Chinh tri Qu6c gia, Ha Noi H6 Chi Minh (2000), Todn tap, tap 8, Nxb Chinh tri Qu6c gia Ha Noi H6 Chi Minh (2000), Todn tap, tap 9, Nxb Chinh tri Qu6c gia Ha Noi H6 Chi Minh (2000), Todn tap, tjp 10, Nxb Chinh tri Qu6c gia Ha Noi Ha Chl Minh (2000), Todn lap, tap 11, Nxb Chinh tri Qu8c gia Ha Ngi Ha Chi Minh (2000), Todn tap, tap 12, Nxb Chinh tri Quae gia Ha Noi 10 Hoi dang Ly luan Trung uong, Ky yeu Hoi thdo Idioa hoc - Doi m&i cdn bdn, todn dien gido due dgi hoc Viet Nam theo tinh thdn Nghi quyet Trung itong Khod XI APPLYING HO CHI MINH'S POINTS OF VIEW ON THE ROLE OF TEACHERS INTO FOSTERING TEACHER STAFF'S QUALITIES IN ORDER TO MEET THE EDUCATION AND TRAINING REFORM REQUIREMENTS ABSTRACT In the leggcy of Ho Cht Minh's thoughts His thoughts on education ever always have a profoundly theoretical and practical significance for Vietnam's revolutionary cause Applying His thoughts on the teachers' role into the training and fostering of today's teaching staffs calls for the Inheritance and the development of His thoughts in the new period Teachers are decisive factors to the qualities of education, and the educational products are the future of a nation Therefore, each teacher needs to be fully aware of His precious teachings as well as His thoughts on education, and on the roles and Ihe responsibilities ofthe teachers towards their country and their fellow men Keywords: teacher; Ho Chi Minh's thought; Ho Chi Minh's points of view on the role of teachers ... Hd Chi Minh ddnh gid rdt cao vai trd ngudi thdy edng cudc kien thiet nude nha Theo Hd Chi Minh, ngudi thay, ngudi tri thue, ngudi chien sT tren mat tran tu tudng - van hda cd sfi menh quan trgng... Ngudi, de trd thdnh mdt tri thuc phai xfing dang vdi 11 chu; "Dai hgc chi dao, tai minh minh dfic, tai than dan" "Minh minh due tuc Id chinh tdm Than dan tfic la phuc vy nhdn dan, dat lgi ich cua nhan... lac hau, minh tu dao thai ttudc Cho nen phdi c6 g^ng hgc tap dl edi tao nunh, eai tao tu tirdng eua minh, eai tao eon em vd gjiip vao vi6c cai tao xa hdi" [6, tr.489] Do vay, Hd Chi Minh yeu