HUONG DAN QUAN LI SUDUNG TIM K I I M T U O N C TIN CIAO DUC BAO v i MOI TRIfdNC QUA MANC INTERNf T DE HO TRQf DAY HOC MON DIA U ThS Vuomg Thi Phvomg Hgnh Vi^n Khoa hpc Gido due Vi^t Nam Trong nhilu na[.]
HUONG DAN QUAN LI SUDUNG TIM K I I M T U O N C TIN CIAO DUC BAO v i MOI TRIfdNC QUA MANC INTERNfT DE HO TRQf DAY HOC MON DIA U ThS Vuomg Thi Phvomg Hgnh Vi^n Khoa hpc Gido due Vi^t Nam Trong nhilu nam trd lgi Vai trd cda mdn Dja If cic nguon tii nguyen vi moi diy, nhirng diu hipu cho thiy trudng phd thong trudng Trong hai nhdm kiln thiic ngn suy thoii mdi trudng ngiy Mdn Dja Ii trudng mgt rd ring hon nhilu phd thdng cd nhilu thuin tien, kien thiic ciia nhdm ttiir nguyen nhin, chu ylu li tic Igi dl GDBVMT cho HS vi nhit chinh li nhimg kiln tiiirc dgng cua ngudi Cic nhi nhung kien thiic vl cic thinh Dja li da dugc giing day d khoa hpc vi quin ly da xic phan ciia mdi trudng ty nhien, trudng phd thdng Nhdm kiln dinh mgt tiong nhihig nguyen mdi trudng kinh te - xa hgi, thiic thii hai Ii nhihig kiln nhin ca bin giy su^ thoii mdi mdi quan hp qua lai giira mdi thiic de cap den tac dgng cua tiidng li sy thieu hieu biet, trudng vi ngudi li mgt ngudi vdi mdi trudng vi thieu y thirc cua ngudi phin ciia kien thiic Dia li Vi tii nguyen thien nhien Nhom Phii ginh chiu nhieu h|u qui gay ra, ngudi da bit dau viy, nhiing kien thiic ve mdi kien thiic phin nao da y thiic dugc ve nhiing inh trudng vi GDBVMT da dugc dugc dua vio SGK cic lop hudng cd hgi ciia minh ddi vdi tich hgp vao chuang trinh, nhung nhin chung chua that SGK Dia li tir diu tiiap ki 80 diy du, dd GV cin chu y mdi trudng sdng ciia the ki XX khai thic, lya chgn de dua Giao due bao vp moi Sau r i soit lai chuang vio bii giing dudi hinh thiie trudng (GDBVMT) trinh Dja li, chiing tdi hen hp, bd sung,timkiem cac GDBVMT la mgt nhung bien phip hihi hieu nhan thiy nhung kien thiic ngudn tbdng tin da dang khac Sach giao khoa nhit, kinh te nhat va cd tinh GDBVMT tiong SGK cd thi SGK da cung cap cho HS ben vimg tiong cic bien phap phin bipt thinh nhdm: + Nhiing kien thiic de cap mdt lugng kien thiic nhat de thyc hien muc tieu bao ye mdi trudng va phat trien ben den cic i)han ciia mdi dinh vl GDBVMT Tuy nhien virng dat nudc Thdng qua trudng, cic ngudn tii nguyen lugng kien thiic cdtiongkenh giio due, timg ngudi va cdng thien nhien, cic canh quan chii vi kenh hinh cua SGK ddng dugc tiang bi kien thirc thien nhien, cic hipn tugng chua nhieu vi chua thuc su ve mdi trudng, ve ning lyc ty nhien, nhiing kien thirc ye di siu giai quyet mgt vin de phit hien va xir ly cic van de din cu va hogt dgng kinh te - cua mdi trudng Do dd, ben mdi trudng GDBVMT giiip xi hgi cua ngudi cgnh SGK, he thdng cic loai cho HS cd y thiic tiach nhiem + Nhiing kien thiic ve tinh bin dgy hgc ngi dung vdi mdi truang vi bilt cich hinh khai thic, sii dung cic GDBVMT cin thilt phii sii hinh ddng thich hgp dl bao vp bipn phip bao ve tii nguyen dyng vi khai thic them kiln mdi trudng, img xii thich nghi vi mdi trudng nhu: tinh hinh thuc tir tianh inh, video va thdng minh vdi mdi trudng sir dyng tii nguyen hgp li cic ngudn kien thirc bo tip (Xem hinh) hay khdng hgp Ii; thyc trgng khac (dl tai, sach bao, giio trinh ) Trong gidi hgn cua Hinh Tdc ddng cua GDBVMT doi vdi HS nghien cuu niy, chiing tdi gidi Y thiic, thii dg thieu eachtimkiem thong tin Nhgn thurc than thipn vdi dung din ve GDBVMT qua mang Intemet mdi trudng moi trudng hd tig GV va HStirongday hgc Dia li d trudiig phd thong \^pc tim kigm thdng tin Ky nang thyc tl hanh dgng mdi tii mgng Intemet khdng chi Ngdy nhdn bdi 25/02/2013; Ngdy duyfl dang 34 25/03/2013 * TAP CHI THIET BI GIAO DUC-SO 92-04/2013 HUONG DAN QUAN LI SUDUNG giiip GV vi HS cd thSm kien thiic vdi mdt lugng thdng tin khdng lo mi cdn ting vdn hieu biet ve tin hgc, ngogi ngii; kich thich nang tim tdi, sing tao cua HS, khai dgy d cic em tinh tich cyc^ chu dpng giii quyet vin de cua bin thin vi bio vp ket qui lao dgng trudc thay cd vi bgn be Khi tim kiem tbdng tin tir mgng Intemet, trudc het GV vi HS can xic dinh rnuc dich rd ring de viec tim kiem diin^ vi tning Vi khdng phii bit cir thdng tin nao tien mang Intemet ciing dang tin cay vi dugc kiem soit nen ngudi su dyng can lya chgn nhiing tiang web cd uy tin, vi du tiang web cd dudi gov (tiang web ciia cic CO quan thupc chinh phu)^ org (tiang web thuoc cac to chiic phi lgi nhuan), ac hogc edu (tiang web thudc cac ca sd khoa hpc, giio dye) Viec tim kiem thdng tin thdng thudng va phd bien nhit ddi vdi ngudi dimg Intemet hien la sir dung cic cdng cy tim kiem ciia Google, Yahoo, Bring Nhung tiang web niy ho tig ngudi dung tim kilm thdng tin bing tieng Viet, Anh, Tiimg nen phu hgp vdi nhieu ddi tugng d nhieu trinh ngoai ngu vi tin hgc Idiac Chi cin gd vio cym tir cin tim kilm, vi dy "d nhiem mdi trudng", ban se nhgn dugc khoang 10.200.000 kit qui tii Google, bao gdm ci bai viit, inh, sd lipUj video vdi rit nhieu ngudn khac v i n de ciia bgn bay gid li xic djnh vi Iua chgn nhiing ngudn tmy cap Vipc tim kiem thong qua cac trang web niy se cho bgn kit qui chii khdng dim bio tinh chinh thong yi khoa hgc cua ngudn cung cip thdng tin, dd bgn can "tinh tao" dl lya chgn thdng tin cho phii hgp Mdt sd tiang web nhu Wikipedia, Vietgle cung cd the giiip ich cho GV va HS tiong vipctianghia ciia tir, tim hieu cac khai nipm Uen quan den mdi trudng nhu d nhiem, canh quan, mdi tmdng Hien nay, vdi su bung nd cua CNTT thi tien mang Intemet da xuit hien rat nhieu blog ci nhan, dien din ciia nhiing ngudi cd chung mpt vin de quan tam, tiong dd CO nhitiig dien din lien quan den hgc tap, giao due vi mdi tmdng Tuy nhien, chat lugng vi tinh chin thyc cua cic tai lieu dugc dang tien cac dien dan, blog chua dugc kiem duyet nen sir dyng GV vi HS cung can cin nhac Ddi vdi mdn Dia li ndi chung, mpt sd dien dan cd the giiip GV va HS cd them ngudn tu lieu day vi hgc nhu: violet vn; dayvahocdialy.violet vn; tulieu.violet.vn; tailieu vn; diendankienthuc.net Diy dugc coi la nhiing trang mang xa hdi cua cdng ddng GV, HS, nhiing ngudi quan tim den giio due cua Viet Nam, la noi giao luu kien thirc va chia se tii nguyen dgy hgc Cic tiang web niy cung cip hing ngin tii lieu, ebook, sich hap dan, ndi bit vdi cic logifilepdf, word, excel, powerpoint cho phep upload vi download mien phi Nhung bai hgc Dia Ii cic cap, nhung van d^ lien quan den GDBVMT se dugc tim tiiiy nhiing kho tii nguyen tu lieu niy Ben canh nhimg tiang m^ng xa hpi, GV va HS cd the tmy cap vio dia chi web cua cic CO sd giio dye nhu cic Sd GD&DT, Khoa Dja li ciia cic trudng Dai hoc, Cao Ding, THPT THCS tien ci nudc Tai diy, ban cd the tim thay thdng tin ve cac Hgi thio, bio cio chuyen de, sing kien kinh nghiem cua ca nhin, td chuyen mdn nhirng ngi dung kien thiic se giup GV vi HS cd them tu lieu day hpc Dia li ndi chung vi GDBVMT ndi rieng Dudi day, chung tdi cung cap them mgt so trang web co cbiia dyng nhieu thdng tin bd ich mi GV vi HS cd the khai thac ngi dung GDBVMT, hd trg day hgc ndi chung va day hgc Dia li ndi rieng *http://www.epe.edu.vn Trang Web Thdng tin GDBVMT thudc sy quan ly ciia Vu Khoa hgc - Giao due va Mdi tmdng, Bp GD&DT Trang web cung cap, chia se thdng tin, kien thiic ve cac chii tmong, chinh sich cua Dang va Nha nudc, cac vin bin phap quy ve mdi tmdng d Viet Nam Trang web ciing la ciu ndi giiia cic td chiic va ca nhan hogt dgng ITnh vyc bao ve mdi tmdng tiong va ngoii nudc Trang web ciing cap nhit, chia se cic thdng tin mdi ve Bien ddi hiu, cic boat ddng nham nang cao nhin thiic ve Bien^ dao va Chu quyen lanh thd Qudc gia * http://vea.gov.vn Vea Portal cung cap cac TAP CHI THIET BI GIAO DUC-SO 92-04/2013 • 35 HUONG DAN QUAN LI SUDUNG chii tmong, dudng loi ciia Ding, chinh sich vi phip lugt cua Nhi nudc vl cdng tic bio vp moi trudng; cic sy kipn, vy vipc vl mdi trudng dugc du lugn vi xa hgi quan tam; cong bd cdng khai thdng tin ve cic ca sd giy d nhiem mdi tmdng; dang tii cic dy thio van bin quy phgm phip lugt Tong cyc Mdi tmdng chii tri xiy dyng vi cic Bg^ nginh lien quan de Iiy y kien rgng rai cua ngudi din vi doanh nghiep * http://www.dmhccgov.vn Trang web cun^ cip cic thdng tin ve bien ddi hiu; xay dyng chien lugc qudc gia ve bien ddi hiu; cinh bio va dy bio thien tai, iing phd vdi thien tai; tin tiic ve bio ve tang Ozon; nhiem quyen va van de bio vp ting quyen; cung cip he thdng cac van ban phip quy ve bien ddi hiu vi cinh bio, dy bio, giim nhe thien tai (dgng dat, sdng thin ) * ht(p://www.nchmf.gov.vn Trang web ciia Tmng tam Du bio tugng thuy van Tmng uang - Bd Tai nguyen vi Mdi tmdng gdp phan phd bien kien thirc ve tugng thuy van, nang cao y thirc cgng ddng ve phdng tiinh vi giam nhe thiet hai thien tai, cung cip, khai thic cac djch vy ve tugng thuy van va mdi trudng, dy bio tugng thuy van vi phit cic ban tin dy bio, cinh bio, thdng bio thdi tiet, thuy van * http://vea.gov.vn Trang web cung cap cac thdng tin ve bio tdn da dgng sinh hpc, danh sich va bd suu tap inh ve da dang 36 sinh hgc (rfimg nhipt ddi, cic loai dgng vgt, thyc v§t qu^' hilm ); cung d p thdng tin ve cic vudn qu^c gia, khu dy trii sinh quyen, cic hp sinh thii ca nudc cQng nhu tien the gidi; vi^c bio v^ cic loii thii quy hiem nhu bio hoa mai, bio Iua hay cic loii thyc vgt qu^ nhu Ian hii, lim xanh Ngoii nhihig trang web mi chiing tdi gidi thipu tien diy, GV vi HS cung cd thi tim thiy tiidng tin ve GDBVMT thdng qua tiang web cic tinh/ thinh phd tim hieu ve thyc tigng mdi tmdng dia phuong hogc thdng qua cic trang ve du lich, hogc trang web rieng ciia vudn qudc gia, khu bao tdn thien nhien Neu GV va HS cd kha nang ngogi ngir thi viec tim kiem thdng tin ve mdi tmdng tien cic tiang web ciia the gidi thuc sy se mang Igi hipu qui cao vi tinh chuyen nghiep, ngudn tu lipu phong phii Nhimg tiang web thudng dugc khai thic vi sii dyng dgy hgc Dia Ii ndi chung vi chua dyng ndi dung mdi trudng, GDBVMT ndi rieng nhu: Td chiic mdi tiirdng LHQ (UNEP): www unep.org; Atlas din sd vi tii nguyen the gidi http://atlas aaas.org Ket luan Viec giio dye mdi trudng khdng chi cho hdm mi cho ci ngiy mai Nham xay dyng mgt mdi tmdng "xanh, sgch, dep", mdi GV vi HS Ii mpt tuyen tmyen vien tich cyc vl GDBVMT tiong nha tmdng vi cgng ddng xa hgi Trong thdi dai cdiig nghe thdng tin phat triln • TAP CHI THIFT BI GIAO DUC-SO 92-04/2013 manh me nhu hipn nay, tmy cap Intemet da vi dang fro nfin dl ding vi ph6 biln, nhifin vipc tim kiem thdng tin tir mgng de phyc vy cho myc dich giio dye thi van cin c6 nhiing djnh hudng nhat dmh Ngudi thiy ngoii vipc ty hpc, ty boi duong, tim tdi nhiingtir• lipu bo ich de nang cao tiinh dp chuyen mdn, vira phii c6 tiich nhipm vipc din dit, dinh hudng cho HS tim den nhihig nguon thdng tin an toan, bd ich vi thiet thuc T^i li^u tham khao Ludt Bdo v^ moi truang riet Nam, nam 2005 Nguyen Phi Hanh, Nguyen Thi Kim Chuong, Gido dgc moi truang qua mon Dia li a truang thdng, NXB Giio dye, 2002 Mpt sd tiang web ve Mdi trudng Summary Environmental education is included in the general education program aimed at fostering a love of nature, fostering feelings, build the good in every person, form habits, environmental protection skills The educational environment not only for today but also for tomorrow In order to build an envfronment of "clean, green, beautifiil," every teacher and student is an active propagandist of envfronmental education in schools and in society ... Vipc tim kiem thong qua cac trang web niy se cho bgn kit qui chii khdng dim bio tinh chinh thong yi khoa hgc cua ngudn cung cip thdng tin, dd bgn can "tinh tao" dl lya chgn thdng tin cho phii hgp... cir thdng tin nao tien mang Intemet ciing dang tin cay vi dugc kiem soit nen ngudi su dyng can lya chgn nhiing tiang web cd uy tin, vi du tiang web cd dudi gov (tiang web ciia cic CO quan thupc...HUONG DAN QUAN LI SUDUNG giiip GV vi HS cd thSm kien thiic vdi mdt lugng thdng tin khdng lo mi cdn ting vdn hieu biet ve tin hgc, ngogi ngii; kich thich nang tim