THÔNG TIN TÀI LIỆU
A M HirdNG CUA PHONG CACH SONG DEN LlTA CHON CAC TIEU CHI CAN HO CHUNG C\Sm KHU VUC D THI • NGHIEN CUtI TAI THANH PHO HA NOI Hoang Van Cirofng Trudng Dgi hgc Kinh ti qudc ddn Email:cuonghv@neu edu Nguyen Thi Tiing Phutmg Khoa Bdt dgng sdn vd Kinh ti tdi nguyin Trudng Dgi hgc Kinh ti qudc ddn Email: tungphuongneu@gmail.com Ngily nhan: 4/8/2017 Ngay nhan ban sua: 28/8/2017 Ngay duyet dang: 25/9/2017 Tdm tdt: Lifa chgn nai a Id vdn de quan trgng cugc ddi mdi ngydi Hiiu dugc hdnh vi lua chon vd tiiu chi lua chgn cdn hd chung cu tgi thi id mdt nhimg vdn de quan tdm cua cdc nhd ddu luphdt triin bdt ddng sdn nhd d ca quan qudn ly khdng gian nhd a dd thi vd chinh nhdng ngudi tieu dung bdt dgng sdn Trong nghiin cuu ndy, dudi gdc nhin ly thuyit vi phong cdch sdng theo hudng tdm ly hgc, chiing tdi kiim dinh cdc mdi quan hi giira phong cdch sdng vd cdc tieu chi li^a chgn cdn hg chung cu cua nhOng ngucn dang song a chung cu vd sd huu chung cu Ket qud nghien ciru ung hd cdc gid thuyit vi mdi quan hg giua phong cdch sdng vd tiiu chi lua chgn cdn hd TCr khoa: Ly thuyit phong cdch sflng, Phong cdch sflng, can hd chung cu, chung cu, tiflu chi lya chgn can hg chung cu The effects of lifestyles on the choice apartments criteria at urban area - Research is executed in Hanoi city Abstract: Choosing place to live is an important issuefor human Therefore, fully understanding the choice behavior and selection criteria for urban condominiums is one ofthe top concems of residential real estate developers and investors, the agency of urban space management and real estate buyers In this study, from the theoretical perspectives on behavioral psychology of lifestyle, we analyse the connection between lifestyle and the tendency of choosing an apartment The results support the hypothesis about the relationship between lifestyle and apartment selection criteria Keywords: The theories of lifestyle, lifestyle, selection criteria for urban condominiums, apartment, apartment building Gidl thifu Viec lya chpn nha d cua ngudi dan ndi chung va ngudi dan khu vyc dd thi ndi rigng phu thupc vao nhilu yiu to khdch quan vd chii quan Nai d ddng vai ttd quanttpngddi vdiradicon ngudi vd lya chpn nai d la lya chpn mdt loai hang hod dac biet va thilt yiu cho sy sdng ciia moi thdnh vign vd mdi gia dinh Nha d khdng chi la nai tni dn bao ve an ninh vd ban Sd 244 thdng 10/2017 che nhirng tac hai mdi trudng mang Igi cdn Id ncf* thi hipn chu so hiru can nha la ai, bdn sac ciia cd nhdn vd gia dinh, nai d cd tdc ddng din cac mdi qu^" ^^ xa hpi (Marcus, 1997) Ngdi nha phan anh gia tti vd y ttrdng ciia chii sd hiiu cung "hu tbl hign >• ttidng cila xa hpi va nin van hpd raa "goi nha dd dang hipn hihi (Lawrence 1987) Cd nhilu nhdn td anh hudng din cdc tigu ch! lya 66 hiiili {4Plial \m chpn hdng hoa, ttong dd nhan td phong cdch song dnh hudng din lya chgn hang boa (Kotier & Keller, 2009) Phong each sflng la mgt ttong nhiing nhdm nhdn td phd bign dugc sir dyng dfl giai thich hdnh vi ciia ngudi tieu diing cac dgc dilm nhan khdu hgc la khdng dii (Plummer, 1974) Nghign ciiu phong each sdng dya ttgn thoi quen, thai do, gia fflnh, sd thich lign quan dgn lya chgn hdng hod da chi mdi quan he giiia phong cdch sflng hanh vi tiflu dimg hdng boa (Harcar & Kaynak, 2008) khdc tai Viet Nam Ca so- ly thuyet 2.1 Cdc ly thuyit vi phong cdch song theo quan diem tdm ly hgc Cite hudng nghien cihi vfl ly thuyit vg ldi sdng dya vdo cdc ITnh vyc khoa hpc khac nhu: dan tdc hgc, nhdn chitng hgc va tdm ly hpc Weber (1922) chi cd sy khac biet cac nhdra, ldp ngudi vl ldi sdng va tinh ttgng phong cdnh sflng ciia hp ttong dd, tac gid phdn biflt giiia nhdm vd ttgng thai cita cac nhdm ngudi ttong xa hpi Theo ly thuyit vl lfli sflng ciia Bourdieu (1984) tit gdc dp tdm ly hgc, Ifli sdng ham y dfln kinh nghiem qua khir va cdc sd thich ciing nhu each thyc hien cac hoat dflng ttong xa hgi Tflng cua cdc gta tn, kifln thtic, nhiing hdnh dgng cd y ngbia vd dflc dao cua moi ngudi dfl hudng ddn hdnh vi Nhung thay dfli ttong hdnh vi cd the difln ttong radi ngudi thflng qua cac myc tieu, dd, phong each sdng cd the thay ddi theo thdi gian, tam ly cd nhdn cua chu thg tir dd hinh thdnh phong each de vupt qua mdt sd cam gidc ty ti vd phdn ddu vuon len ciia timg cd nhan chii the Cac nghign ciiu mfli lien he giiia phong each sflng vd tigu chi lya chgn nhd chii yeu thuc hien d cac nudc Phucmg Tay Mgt ttong nhiing nghign ciiu sdm vg phong each sflng va lya chpn nhd d la Bell (1968) vg lua chgn nha d tai phd vd ndng thdn da chi nhdra lfli sflng: lfli sflng tap trung vdo nghg nghiep; Idi sdng tap tnmg vao gia dinh; vd lfli sdng hudng tdi tan hudng vigc raua sam dnh hudng din lua chpn nhd d Cdn nghign ciiu phong each sdng cua nhiing ngudi gid tgi My vg lya chgn nha d da chi nhdm yeu td phong cdch sflng anh hudng den lya chpn nhd d cua ngudi gia Id nhdm lot sdng: (1) hudng tdi mpt ngdi nhd dep; (2) ldi sdng mang tinh kinh tg; (3) Idi sflng gan bo vdi cpng ddng; (4) ldi song Idy gia dinh lam trung tdm dnh hudng dfln tieu chi lya chgn (Kwon & cgng sy, 2016), Kham pha mfli quan he giiia cac bien kinh tg, nhdn khau bpc xa hgi, bifln loi sing, va su uu tign cho loai mdi trudng dan cu ttong lua chpn nhd d (Pinkster & van Kempen, 2002) chi bien phong each sflng cd radi quan he dac biet giiia cdc loai mdi trudng cu tni, bign phong each sdng chi timg cd nhan, nhdm nguoi lya chgn nha d phu hgp vdi sd thich cita hg Ddi vdi phan khiic nha d chung cu, Lee (2005) nghign ciiu nhdm phong each sdng hudng tdi hanh phiic, ldi sdng hudng tdi xa hdi, phong each sflng hudng tdi khdng gian, phong each sdng hudng tdi mdi trudng vd cdng nghfl anh hudng den lya chpn can hd thue de d tgi My Trong dd, vai vdn hda phuong Dong, dac biet d ragt nfln kmh te dang chuygn ddi nhu Viet Nam, lua chpn cdn hd chung cu dg sd hiiu, dg d Idu dai ciing dang Id xu hudng ndi bat d Viet Nam thdi gian qua Nghifln ciiu mfli quan he giua phong each sdng va tieu chi lya chpn can hg chung cu cd thg khdng cdn diing nhu vdi cac nghien cihi trudc Vi vgy nhdm tac gia cho rdng hudng nghien ciru mdi quan he giiia phong each sdng vd lya chpn can hp dl d la cdn thiet ttong bfli canh phat trign chung cu tai Thanh phd Hd Ndi hien ciing nhu cac dd thi Sd 244 thdng 10/2017 Lazer (1963), Veal (2000), Pinkster & Van Kempen (2002) cho rang bien lot sdng chiu tac ddng bdi chinh tam ly, sd thich va tinh cdch ca nhan nen bifln hoan toan dpc lap vdi cdc bien nhan khdu hgc va mflt sd bifln kinh tfl xa hot khac Theo quan digra nay, cac bign lfli sflng da cd mpt gid tri gia tang vd anh hudng la ddc lap voi cac bign kinh tg xa hdi va nhdn khdu hgc phdn tich 2.2 Khdi niem phong cdch sdng Tir quan digra tdm ly hpc (Weber, 1922; Lazer, 1963; Bourdieu, 1984; Veal, 2000; Pinkster & Van Kempen, 2002) cho rang phong each sdng la yeu td tdra ly, mpt md hinh cua mdt ca nhan sdng ttong the gidi, bao gdm each song ciia ca nhdn theo thdi gian, bay td y dmh vd y kifln ciia hp, vd each sit dung tign bac vao cdc hogt ddng xa hdi (East & & cgng sy, 2008) Trong khufln khd nghifln ciiu nay, phong cdch sdng dugc hieu la: - Phong each song ciia ngudi tigu dung thdng qua suy nghT, hdnh vi va hdnh ddng dugc xdc djnh tren ngn tang tam ly, thdi dp cam xiic ciia nguditigudimg ttong lya chgn can hg chung cu de d; - Gia tn va phong each sflng bat ngudn tir cd nhan thdng qua mfli trudng xa hfli anh hudng den tieu diing lya chgn can ho chung cu de d; 67 kinli leihattrit'ii - Sy khac biet vg van hod, sd thich se tfln tai nhirng ca nhan theo dudi phong each song khac ddn dfln kha nang iya chgn khac 2.3 Cdn hg chung cu Khai niem ve chung cu dupc bat ngudn tir khai nigra vl nha d nhigu gia dinh, ciing chia se khflng gian cdng cdng, cung sflng ttong mdt tod nhd, can hp chung cu la mdt thudt ngii xuat bifln viec xac dinh nha d nhigu gia dinh (Follain, 1994; Lee, 2005) Tai Viet Nam, nha chung cu la nha d cd tu hai tdng ttd Ign, cd ldi di, cdu thang va he thflng cdng trinh tdng sir dyng chung cho nhieu hp gia dinh, cd nhan, ttong dd cd phdn sd hiiu neng ciia timg hd gia dinh, vd phdn sd huu chung (Quflc hfli, 2014, Muc 3, Dilu 3) Do dd, khdi niem can hfl chung cu dugc hieu la difln tich nhd d danh cho ca ididn hoac cd nhdm ngudi ttong gta dinh mgt tod nhd nhilu gia dinh Mfli can hd chi gianh rieng cho myc dich d cd ldi vdo rieng Ngudi su dung can hp chung cu cd quyen sir dung chung khflng gian cpng dflng thugc khudn vien khu chung cu 2.4 Cdc tiiu chi lua chpn cdn hd chung cu Tieu chi lya chgn nhd d Id gid tri ciia nha d dugc ngudi sir dyng cam nhdn dyattflncac ddc dilm cua nha d va miic quanttpngciia cac ddc dilm dfli vdi mdi ca nhan ngudi sii dung (Beyer & cgng su, 1955; Beyer, 1959) Do dd, theo quan diem cua nhora tdc gid cac tiflu chi lya chgn can hg chung cu dyattencdc tieu chi chung ctia toa nhd chung cu va tieu chi ngng ctia chinh cdn hd chung cu Cac tigu chi Iya chpn dugc tflng hpp dinh hudng theo nhdm tigu chi co ban ttong lua chgn can hd chung cu 24.1 Tiiu chi vi tri cdn hg, vitrichungcu Tigu chi vi tri nha d dupc hilu vi tri mang tinh tuyet ddi vd tuong ddi Vi tri mang tinh tuyet ddi la gdn hin vdi ddt dai md bdt dflng san dd tog lac Vi tri mang tinh tuong ddi Id khoang each, cdch tiep can hi bdt dgng san dd din bdt dgng san khdc md nhieu ngudi biflt den va khong gian xung quanh bat dOng sdn khdng thfl di ddi (Hoang Van Cudng & cgng su, 2006; Hoang Van Cudng, 2017) Vi tri noi d la vi tri tucmg quan vdi cac bdt dflng san va khd nang ttip can ctia nd tdi cdc tien ich vi tri, gdn cdc tien ich, gdn trung tam, sy kit ndi dudng xd, kha nang kit ndi, mfli truoTig/vi tti, gidi tri vd thu gian (Singh, 2013; Li, 2011) Do dd, tieu chi vl vi tri can hp dugc hiflu la khd nang tilp can, kha nang So 244 thdng 10/2017 kflt nfli, khd nang gidi tri thu gian xung quanh can hg ttong toa nhd chung cu 2.4.2 Tieu chi vi mdi trudng xa hdi Mdi trudng sdng xung quanh noi d dugc dl cdp dgn dd la khdng gian sflng, la mdi trudng xa bgi xung quanh gflra mdi trudng bfln ngoai ngoi nhd va mdi trudng bfln can hd (Ekeland & cpng sy, 2004, Spetic & cpng sy, 2005) Mdi trudng nhd d bao gdm cd su thdn thien hang xdm Idng giflng, sy ua thich ciia tte em noi sinh sdng la tigu chi quan ttpng cho sy lya chpn nai d (Ellithorpe, 1963) Cpng ddng dan tpc la yeu td quan ttgng va khdc biflt ttong khdng gian sinh sdng cua ngudi dan (Owusu, 1999) Tiflu chi an ninh ciing dugc cdc tdc gid Haddad Mwfeq& cdng sy (2011) khang dinh cd anh hudng Idn dfln lya chpn ncri d Ngoai ra, tiflu chi vl danh tiflng chii dau tu' toa nha la radt ttong nhung nhdn td dugc xem xet ttong lya chpn can hg va nhd d (Rahadi & cgng sy, 2015); Do dd, nhom tac gia cho rang tieu chi mfli trudng xa hgi cua can hd la khflng gian sdng ty nhien bfln va bgn ngodi can hp; la mfli quan he cdng dflng va sy dam bdo an ninh xung quanh not d ciia chii sir dyng can hd 4.3 Tiiu chi chdt luang cdn hd Chat lugng can hp dugc nhilu tac gia xac dinh la cdc thuOc tinh bfln ttong ngdi nhd bao gflm: kich thudc can nha, sd phdng ngu, sfl phong t ^ , dign tich khdng gian sdng, thai gian xay dyng, sd Id sudi, dilu kien sdng bfln ttong la cdc dgc tinh vgt ly dim dugc, Dale-Johnson & Phillips (1984), Phe & Wakely (2000); Abelson & cflng sy (2005) Danh gia chdt lupng can hd vl mat ky thudt xdy dyng la vdn de kha phiic tgp lifln quan nhilu din khoa hpc xdy dyng cflng trinh, nflnttongkhudn khfl nghifln ciiu, nhdm tdc gia tap trung nghifln ciiu chdt lupng can hg bao gom: cdc dac tinh vgt 1^ dim dugc, nhu dign tich cdn hp, sd lugng phdng ngu, sfl phdng tdm, ban cdng, ctia sd, hudng ciia chinh Chdt lugng chung cu gdm cdc dac tinh vat ly gdm sd cdu thang may, bai dd xe, ve sinh cdng cdng, thoat hilm, thilt kl toa nha 2.5 Moi quan hi giua phong cdch sdng vd tieu chi lira chon cdn hd Dya tren cac chi bdo AIO (Wells & Tigert, 1971) vd cac thang VALS -Values (attituddes and lifestyles) Mitchell (1983) phat triin, thang RVS (Rokeach's Value Survey), cdc chi bdo ctia BeU (1968) (Kwon & cdng sy 2016; Harcar & Kaynak Kinli teiliai Irien 2008), nhom tac gia dua nhdm chi bdo phong each sflng lien quan din mua can hg nhu sau: (1) Phong each song kinh tfl; (2) Phong each sdng hudng din bdn thdn vd gia dinh; (3) Phong cdch sflng hudng ngoai; (4) Phong each sdng hudng dfln sire khoe; (5) Phong each sdng vdi thien nhien; (6) Phong each sflng ddc lap thuygt kiem dinh nhu sau: H3: Phong cdch sdng hudng ngogi cd quan he thudn chieu vdi tieu chi li^a chgn cdn hg chung cu cd khd ndng kit ndi, cd tiin tich vui chai gidi tri Thic tu, chu hd, gia dinh theo phong cdch hudng din siic khoe, hanh phiic la nhiing ngudi cd kha nang thich choi thg thao, thich khdng gian thoang Thii- nhdt, cac chu hfl va cac gia dinh cd Idi sdng dang, thich sii dyng thuc pham tuoi sdng (Harcar tiet kiflm va dfl cao tinh kinh tfl thudng cd xu hudng & Kaynak, 2008; Kwon & cdng sy, 2016) Nhung Iya chgn tigu diing de ddm bdo tiet kiflm (Harcar ngudl theo phong cdch cd khd ndng lya chpn & Kaynak, 2008; Kwon & cgng sy, 2016) Vi vdy, can hp de d hg se chgn noi cd khd nang tiflp can nhiing ngudd cd phong each sdng hudng din nhieu tien ich, vd mfli trudng ttong lanh Nhdm tdc nhiing can chung cu sii dung nang lugng tilt kiflm gia dfl xudt kiem dinh gid thuyit rdng: va giiip tiflt kiem chi phi di lai sii dyng Vdi H4: Phong cdch sdng hudng din sue khoe cd nhiing quan diem va tiflu chi ttong Iya chgn hdng quan he thudn chiiu vdi tieu chi vi tri ve khd ndng hod cd xdc dinh yflu td kinh tg, nhdm tdc gia cho tiep cgn vd moi trudng xd hgi rang cdn kiem dinh gia thuyet sau: Thir ndm, chu hg gia dinh theo phong each hudng HI: Phong cdch sdng hudng din de cao ttnh kinh den thifln nhign, mdi trudng sflng binh, xa te cd quan he thudn chiiu vdi tieu chi lua chgn vi hpi an toan, thich hod minh vao thifln nhifln, cdnh tri cdn hg thugn lgi cho chii sd hiht vd nhOng thdnh quan dep ludn mang Iai niem vui cho hp (Bell, 1968; vien gia dinh Kwon & cgng sy, 2016) Nhiing ngudi theo phong Thie hai nhimg chii hd gia dinh theo phong each cdch chgn can hd de d thi thudng se chgn sflng hudng dfln bdn than va gia dinh cd xu hudng can hg cd khflng gian thoang, mfli truong nhiflu cay lua chpn cac hdng hda phyc vu tflt nhat cho nhu cdu xanh, CO cdnh quan dep; hg cd nhieu kha nang quan cua gia dmh (Bell, 1968; Harcar & Kaynak, 2008; tam tdi tiflu chi mdi trudng xanh Vi vdy, nhora tac Kwon & cpng sy, 2016), Vi vay, nhiing ngudi theo gia kiem dinh gid thuyet rang: phong each sflng cd kha nang se lya chgn cdc H5: Phong cdch sdng hudng den thiin nhiin co tiflu chi can hg chung cu tap trung den cac tifln ich quan he thudn chiiu vdi tiiu chi moi trudng xa hdi, cho chmh ca nhdn hp va gia dinh hg Vi vdy, chiing cd chdt lugng cdn hg phit hgp vai nhu cdu gdn vol tfli kiflm dinh gia thuyet cho rang: moi truang thien nhiin H2a • Phong cdch song huang den bdn thdn vd gia Thu sdu, nhirng vign cd phong cdch sdng dinh cd quan he thudn chiiu vat tiiu chi Itfa chgn hudng dgn sy dgc lap la nhiing ngudi lufln ty tin vao cdn hg cd vi tri thugn lgi cho chd sa hicu vd nhiing bdn thdn, suy nghT dflc lap va tin tudng vdo nhiing thdnh viin gia dinh vd tiiu chi chdt lugng phu suy nghT ciia ban than hp Hp thich dugc coi nhu hap vdl nhu cdu su dung cua hg vd gia dinh nha lanh dgo vd thich cho nguoi khac y kifln cua H2b: Phong cdch song huang den bdn thdn vd minh (Harcar & Kaynak, 2008) Vdi nhiing ngudi gia dinh cd quan hi thudn chieu vai tieu chl vi tri theo phong each nay, nhigu kha nang lya chpn ve khd ndng tiip can vd chdt lugng phu hgp vdi nhu mua can hd dg d, hg se lya chgn can hg cd vi tri dg cdu SU" dung cua chii sd him vd cdc thdnh viin trongddng kgt ndi, nhung hp cd the khflng thich giao luu gia dinh vdl nhirng ngudi hang xom Do do, nhdm tdc gid de Thd ba, nhiing chii hfl gia dinh theo phong each xuat kigm dinh gid thuyet: hudng ngoai la nhiing ngudi cd xu hudng thich giao H6 Phong cdch sdng huang ddc lap cd quan hi lim, thich dfln nhiing nai sfli ddng, tan hudng cac thudn chiiu vdi tiiu chi lua chgn cdn hg chung cu tifln ich bgn ngodi hon Id d nha, thich tan huflng mua CO VI tri thudn lgi ve khd ndng kit ndi vd mdi truang sdm d noi tien ich (Harcar & Kaynak, 2008) Nhiing xd hgi dgc lap ngudl theo phong each sflng cd khd nang se Iya chgn cac tiflu chi can hd chung cu tai nhiing noi thudn tign cho viec giao Itm vcri ben ngodi, dl dang tilp can vdi bgn be ngn nhom tac gid dg xudt gid S6 244 thdng 10/2017 Phirong phap nghiin ciru 3.1 Thu thgp so li§u vdphdn tich sd lieu Dg kigm dinh cac gia thuyet nghign cim, nhdm kinh leilial trien nghien ctru tiln bdrdi thu thdp sd ligu nhiing ca nhdn, gia dinh da mua can hp chung cu de d tai khu vyc cd nhilu chung cu ttgn dia ban Thdnh phd Ha Ngi Viec thu thdp sd liflu duoc thyc hien bang cdch phat phiiu can hoi tryc tilp din cac cd nhdn chu hp, vien gia dinh da mua can hg chung cu dfl d Ngudi trd ldi diln thdng tin vao phieu dpc lap d tudi 30 - 40 radi Ket qua phSn tich 4.1 Bdnh gid dp tin cay va xdc thuc cua thang De kiem tra tin c|y vd xac thyc cua thang do, cdc chi bao danb cho thang vg phong each song vd tieu chi Iya chpn nha chung cu dugc tachriengdl tinh he sd Cronbach alpha va chgy phdntichnhdn tl khdm phd Ket qud cho thdy thang dugc sii dung cd du raiic dp tm cdy va xac thyc (Bdng I) Kit qud dugc phan tich bang phdn mflm SPSS, cac thang dugc kigra dmh de xdc dinh tin cay Sau dd, md hinh dugc xdc lap dg kiem dinh cac gid Cac chi bao cudi ciing cho thang tieu chi lya thuygt nghign cihi chpn can hd dugc ttmh bdy d bdng 3.2 Thang 4.2 Kitqudphdn tich nhantd khdng dinh (CFA) Cdc thang dugc su dyng dg kigm dinh md hinh Md hmh nhan duoc cdc gid tri TLI, CFI > 0,9, la cac thang da dugc su dyng ttong nghien ciru trudc ddy, dugc dich sang tteng Viet vd dieu chiiih CMIN/df < 2, RMSEA < 0.08 thi md hmh dugc coi cho phu hgp vdi ddi tugng khdo sdt ciia nghign cuu Id thich hgp vdi dii lieu (Steiger, 1990) kgt qua phdn Cu thg, tac gia su dung thang mirc dp, ttong tich cho thdy chi sfl Chi -square = 872.496; df=626; do: / (rdt khdng quan trgng), (khdng quan trong),P=000;Chi^quare/df=1.394;GFI=O.885;TLI=966; (binh thudng), (quan trgn^, (rdt quan trgng) CFI=0.969; RMSEA=0.034 Do dd, ket qua phan thich CFA dgt dii dieu kien Trudc tifln hdnh nghien ciiu dieu tra tten dien rflng, nhdm tdc gid ciing tien hdnh diflu tta phdng cua md hinh tdt vd cd the sii dung de tien hdnh phan van cac digm gia dinh dang d chung cu nham chudn tich md htnh cdu true SEM danh gid tac dgng cua loi hod thang phii hgp vdi dieu kien sflng vd van sflng dfln tiflu chudn lya chpn can hd chung cu ciia hod ciia ngudi Viet Nam Dong thdi, nhdm phdng cac hg gia dinh 4.3 Phdn tich md hlnh cdu trdc (SEM) van tara (08) chuygn gia ttong vd ngoai ITnh vyc bat dpng san dg dieu chinh ngon ngir cho phu hgp Kgt qud phdn tich SEM lan I nhu sau: Cac chi sfl Ddi vdi thang ve phong each sdng, nhdm ddnh gid su phii hgp cua mfl hinh cd gia tri nhu sau: tdc gid lua chpn cdc chi bao AIO (Wells SL Tigert, Chi -square = 1005,255; df=630; P=000 CMIN/df1971), cac thang VALS Mitchell (1983) phat 1,596 < 2; TLI = 0,948 > 0,9; CFI = 0,953 > 0,9 vd trien, thang RVS (Rokeach's Value Survey), RMSEA= 0,042 < 0,08 cdc chi bao cua Bell (1968) (Harcar & Kaynak, Kflt qud chay md hinh cau triic SEM cho thdy udc 2008;Kwon & cpng sy, 2016) Iugng tac dgng cua LS05 (Idi sdng hudng den moi Thang tigu chi Iya chgn dugc chinh siia tu cac trudng ty nhien) va LS06 (Ifli sflng ddc lap) tdi Tieu nghign ciiuttudcnhu Beyer (1959), Eilidiorpe, (1963), chi chat Iugng can hd co gia tri P-value lan lupt la 0.961 va 0.248 Idn han 0,05 Nfln hai nhdn td LS05 Phe & Wakely (2000), Li (2011) va Singh (2013) va LS06 khong cd tac ddng tdi tiflu chi chat lupng 3.3 Mdu nghien cieu can hp ciia hd gia dinh Mdu nghign ciiu cudi ciing Id 342 ca nhan, gia Tien hanh phdn tich SEM Idn nhu Hinh I dinh da raua can hg chung cu de a tai bdy khu vyc cd nhigu chung cu trgn dia ban Thdnh phfl Ha Ngi Kgt qua chay md hinh cdu tnic SEM lan cho gdm nhdm Chung cu dan Ie; Chung cu ttong qudn cac chi sd danh gia su phii hgp cua md hinh co gia the chung cu; Chung cu ttong qudn thi chung cu vd tti nhu sau: CMIN/df- 1,593 < 2; TLI = 0,948 > nha thdp tdng Chgn ddi tuong dang sd hihi chung 0,9; CFI = 0,953 > 0,9 va RMSEA = 0,042 < 0,08 cu theo nhdra nghien ciiu dfl tien hanh diflu tta Nhu vdy, md hinh dugc coi Id phii hgp Trong tdng so gia dinh diflu tra, cd thi thdy gia dinh cd nhd dudi 18 tufli chiira ty ttpng ldn ttong mau diflu tra chigm 52,3%; gia dinh cd tten 18 tudi chigm 15.8%; gia dinh khdng cd o ciing chiem 5,6% Dp tudi chii hp gia dinh tap trung So 244 thdng 10/2017 Nhan td Tieu chi lya chpn vi tri cdn hd chiu sy tac dpng mgnh nhdt bdi Idi sflng de cao tinh kinh tfl ciia hp gia dinh (LSOI), cdttpngsd chudn hoa Id 0,31 Ldi sdng hudng din gia dmh ciia hd (LS02) cd trpng sl chudn hda 0,307 Ldi sdng hudng ngoai (LS03) ttgng kinli tiyiiallrien Bang 1: Kit qua kiem tra mirc dp tin c^y cua cdc thang phong each song Bi^n N9i dung Tr^ng so Do tin cay Tdng phinmg ehuan h6a tong h ^ sai trieh 0.900 64.44% 0.868 56.95% 0.782 54.44% 0.898 68.78% 0.881 64.95% 0.891 67.27% FbOQg each sdDg d£ cao Idah t£ LSOl LS2 T6i thuang kiem tra, so sinh gid truoc mua LS4 Toi thich su dung anh sang, nang luong tu nliien 0.85 LSS Toi lu6n huong den ti6t kiem giam chi phi di lai 0.747 LS3 Toi thich dimg thiet bi tiet kiem nang lugng 0.825 LSI 0.844 Khi mua sam t6i thucmg chpn mua theo each rieng ciia minh 0.741 Phong each sdng huong den gia dinh va ban than LS02 LSIO Toi mudn moi thit ngan nap, ggn gang 0.829 LS6 Con cai va nguoi th§ii la quan trgng 735 LS7 T6i thuong tmh toan den nhu cdu, tien ich cho tre em Uong gia dinh 0.753 LSS Toi thugng thich co biia com tai nha 0.717 LS9 Toi thich co khong gian tip hgp kit not cac vien 0,734 Phong each song h i r ^ g ngoai LS03 LSI5 LS13 LS12 Toi thuang vS nha de ngii va suih hoat ca nhan T6i thich tham gia sir kien the thao, hpi hpp tai noi sinh song Nhin chung toi thich nhung noi sgi dgng 0.753 0.698 0.761 Phong each song hinyng den sue Idioe LS04 LS18 Toi thich cam giac dupc bao ve an toan LS19 Toi thich gan cac tien ich cham soc sue khoe LS17 LS16 Toi thich sir dung an hang co nguon goc xuat xu to rang Toi thucmg xuyen tap the thao tai nha hoac gan nha 0.78 0.863 0.822 0.85 Phong each s6ng h i r ^ g den mSi tnrofng tir nhien LS05 LS24 Toi thich khong gian cho giai tri tai eho toi o 0.874 LS25 Toi quan tam nhieu den moi iruong khong Uong lanh 0.843 LS23 Vol toi canh quan mang lai nhieu niem vui 0.751 LS21 Toi la nguoi thich hoa minh vao thien nhien 0.748 Phong each song dde lap LS06 LS29 B^n be thucmg hoi y kien cua toi 0,836 LS26 Toi tu tin vao ban thiin hon kha nhieu ngutn 0.777 LS27 Toi la ngudl co suy nghT dpc lap LS28 Thich song tach biet voi eai/bo me 0.82 0,846 Ngudn: Tdng hop tir phdn lich S6 244 thing 10/2017 klnlityiiiitlrii'ii Bang 2: Kit qua kiem tra mirc tin cdy cua cac thang Bik N$i dung Trpng so D$ tin c^y Tdng phuong chuin hoa tdng hop sai trieh 0.853 54.74% 0.790 50.39% 0.830 55.27% Vi tri ean h0 VTl Gan noi lam viec ciia vp/chong 0.671 VT2 Gdn tnliing hoc ciia cii 836 VT4 C6 the di bp toi sieu thi, trung tam thuong mai, 0.955 noi giri xe VT5 Dl dang ket noi dugc toi cac true duong chinh VT8 Dl dang kit nci v6i b ^ vien, eg so y te 0.602 0.56 Mdi trirtmg xa hpi XH3 XH5 0.541 Ve sinh sach se, co noi xii ly rae thai Bao dam an ninh cua chung cu t6t, an loan 0.503 dibd 69 XHl Co ting khu nhieu cay xanh XH2 Co cinh quan, khu vui choi uong khu chtmg cu 0.997 Chat luong can hd CL7 CL6 CL4 CLI To hpp chung eu dam bao an toan, co noi xe hgply So cau thang may, thang thoat hiem dam bao 0.857 Can hp chung cu co ban cong va he thong eua so don nang hgp ly So phong sinh hoat dap ung dii nhu cau ciia gia dinh 0.746 0.662 0.694 Ngudn: Tdng hgp ticphdn tich sd chuan hda la 0,292 Nhan tfl Lfli sflng hudng dfln mdi trudng (LS05) tac dgng vdi ttgng so chudn hda Id 0,128 Nhu vay, nhom ngudi cd phong cdch sdng kinh tfl uu tifln Iya chgn vi tri cdn hd ban cdc nhdm phong each sdng khdc hg cd muctifluchpn can hp gdn noi Idm viec, gan trudng hpc cua nhdm gidm chi phi di lgi cua cd nhan va thdnh vien ttong gia dinh Ket qua phu hgp vdi cdc phdt hifln cua Lee (2005) va Kwon & Beamish (2016); Duobmis (2002); va Chris (2004) va Singh (2013) Nhdn td Tieu chi vl raoi trudng xa hdi ciia can hp chiu sy tdc dpng raanh nhdt phong each sdng LSOl vdittgngsfl chudn hda cao nhdt Id 0,331; tilp theo dd la LS03 vdi ttpng sfl chudn hda cao thii hai la 0,282; LS02 la nhan td tdc dpng raanh thii ba vdi ttpng sd chudn hda la 0,21; LS05 tac dgng it vdittongsd chudn hda la 0,134 Kflt qud ndy cho thay nhirng ngudi theo phong each de cao tinh kinh te va nhiing ngudi theo phong each hudng ngogi uu tign tieu chi mdi trudng xa hpi bdi hg thudng thich mdi trucmg ty nhign Kit So 244 thdng 10/2017 qua phu hgp vdi ket ludn ciia Ekpeland & cpng sy (2004) va Spetic & cgng sy (2005) vl uu tign lya chpn tieu chi mdi trudng sdng lya chpn noi d Trgn thyc tg, nhiing ngudi Iya chpn can hg chimg cu ciia Viet Nam hien Id nhiing ngucri thich mfli trudng ty nhien, khdng khittonglanh, tigt kiem nang lugng ngn ket qua ndy phu hgp vdi thyc te Ket qua tinh todn cho thdy, nhdn td Tigu chi vg Chat Iugng can hg chiu sy tac dgng mgnh nhat cua nhdn td LSOl vdi ttpng sd chuan hda cao nhat Id 0,331; tiep din LS03 vdi ttgng s6 chudn hda la 0,266; LS04 vdi ttpng sfl chudn hda thdp nhat la 0,146 Nhiing ngudi dugc hdi trd loi vl tieu chi chdt lugng nha d md hp lya chpn cho rdng chdt lugng nha d vl an todn, hudng ban cflng, sd phdng ttong can hd la quan ttgng lya chgn can hp Kflt qud cung tuong ddng vdi kflt Iuan cua Beamish & cpng su (2001), Moms & Winter (1976,1998) va Kwon & Beamish (2016) kinlileAttri^n Hinh Kit qua phdn tich md hlnh can ttiic (SEM) - Hfl s^ chuan hoa Chi-square= 1006.607 ; df=632 ; P=.000: Chi-square/df=1 593; GFI=.872 ; TLI=.948 ; CFI=.953 ; RMSEA^.042 Ket luSn va ggi y Vdi mong mudn xdc djnh cdc phong each sdng ciia ngudi dan tai khu vyc thi cua Thanh phd Hd Npittonglua chpn can hd chung cu de d, nghien ciiu cho thay nhung ngudi theo phong cdch sdng kinh tfl va phong each sdng hudng dfln gia dmh vd bdn than thudng tinh loan cdc chi phi lign quan dgn cugc sdng cua hp vd chi phi lien quan dgn noi d, ludn hudng den cdc tien ich xung quanh noi d Viec chpn nai d thudng nham gidm thigu chi phi di lai cua hp va gia dinh Ngudi cd phong each sflng dpc lap va ngudi cd phong cdch sdng hudng ngogi thudng khdng coi ttgng nai d md coi ttpng khd nang tigp can den cdc vi tri xung quanh ncri a Ngudi cd phong each sdng hudng dfln mdi trudng ty nhien va ngudi cd phong cdch hudng din site khoe quan tam nhieu dfln canh quan, khu vui choi tgi khu vuc can hp Kflt qud nghifln cihi phdn dnh mgt phan xu hudng, sd thich ciia ngudi dan chgn chung cu dfl lam noi sinh sflng Do dd, nhdm tac gid de xudt mpt so gidi phdp ttong dinh hudng dau tu phat trien vd lya chgn cdn hd chung cu nhu sau: Nha ddu tu cdn hp chung cuttonggiai doan tdi can ddnh gid phong each sdng cua ngudi mua can hg, de thay ddi each thiic ddu tu theo phong canh sflng ciia cd nhdn, nhdm ngudi Trong qua trinh dau tu thiflt kl can hd, tea chung cu cdn tinh dfln nhung thay ddi S6 244 thdng 10/2017 sd thich, thay ddi theo liia tudi, cac tien ich vd moi trudng sdng de c6 the cd nhiing sdn pham can hp phu hpp vdi timg nhdm liia tudi Dfli vdi cac chung cu da dau tu xdy dyng, lien quan dfln tiflu chi chat lupng can hd vd chung cu, cdn cd nhiing thay doi vfl chdt lupng lien quan den mdi trudng xung quanh chung cu va can hg, cac yeu tfl vfl ve sinh, an loan vd canh quan xung quanh la nhiing ygu tfl lifln quan den idi sdng vg siic khog, mfli trudng, sd thich ciing nhu nhu cdu cua nhiflu ngudi sinh sflng tai chung cu Do dd, cac yflu tfl phdi dugc xem xet ddu tu ttong qua ttinh van hdnh boat ddng ciia chung cu Ddi vdl cdc tod chung cu chua xay dyng vd cd kfl hogch xdy dyng, can nghien ciiu phong each sdng cua cdc nhdm ngudi tte, phong each sflng cua ngudi gid de cd the tao cac tfl hgp chung cu phii hgp Can thilt kl can hd vd toa chung cu cd tinh ndng kinh te, thich img vdi tiing loai gia dinh canh quan hap dan Nghifln ciiu dieu tra 342 chii hg gia dinh va gia dinh Id chua thyc sy dii ldn ngn cd nhigu quan sdt da hi loai bd, ddy ciing la mdt han chg cua nghign ciiu Do dd, cdn phai cd nghign ciiu vdi quy md mdu ldn ban de cd the khang dinh dugc day du hon vg mfli quan he giiia phong each sflng vd tieu chi lya chpn can hfl kinhlivl'liiiHi'ii'i Tdi lieu t h a m khao Abelson P., Joyeux, R., Miiunovich, G & Chung, D (2005), 'Explaining house prices in Australia: 1970-2003', Economic fiecofrf, 81(1), 96-103, DOL10.1111/j.l475^932.2005.00243.x Beamish, J.O., Goss, R.C & Emmel, J (200!) 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