Nguyễn quang bích nhà thơ lớn, người anh hùng của núi rừng tây bắc qua ngư phong thi văn tập

NGUYEN QUANG BICH - NHA THO L A N , NGirfll ANH HUNG CUA NUI RUTVG TAY BAC QUA NGV PHONG THI VAN TAP Tom tdt: Bai v'xit gifli thieu ve lanh tu phong trao Can vucmg chong Phap, nha tha Nguyin Quang Bich (1832 - 1890) va hodn canh dfli cua Ng^ Phong thi vdn tap, khang dinh day la tap tha van chir Han be the dau tien cua mpt nha nho viet ve niii rung Tay Bac Tac phdm doi ttong boi canh chien tran khac nghiet da the hien tinh than yeu nuac qugt cucmg cua ngufli anh himg Ngu Phong thi van tap co nhieu tim toi, dgc dao, dac biet ttong ngh^ thudt td canh, tgo nen su khdc biet vai tha ciia cac nha nho truflc va ciing thai vai Nguyen Quang Bich Tha ong cung huflng nhieu den hien thyc cugc dfli Dieu the hien nhttng thay doi ttong quan ni?m van hpc va quan niem tham my cua nha tha, gop phan dua van hgc dan tfic buflc sang mptthfliky mfli, Tukhoa: Nguyen Quang Bich, Ngu Phong thi vdn tap, ta canh, thien nhifin Abstract: This article introduces the leader of the Can Vuang Anti-French movement, Nguyin Quang Bich, the poet (1832 - 1890), and the historical context of Collection of Writings by Ngu Phong (Ngu Phong thi van tap), arguing for the idea that this is the first great collection of Sino-Chinese poems about the North East mountain area by a Confucianist This collection, written during some fierce, demonstrates a national hero's resilient patriotism of Collection of Writings by Ngu Phong containing new and unique artistic merits, particularly the art of describing sceneries, make Nguyin Quang Bich distinct from the previous and contemporary Confucians Nguyin Quang Bich' poetry depicts daily realities All these merits indicate Nguyin Quang Bich's new views-about literature and aesthetics, which contribute to bringing the national poetry into a new era Keywords: Nguyen Quang Bich, Ngu Phong thi van tap, scenery description, nature Vfli cac ngufln til lieu hien cfl thi cfl tiifi khdng dinh rdng Ngu Phong thi vdn lap ? : ^ # # x ^ cua Nguyen Quang Bich (1832 - 1890) la tap tho vdn diu tien cua mgt nha iiho tiioi tnmg dgi viet vfi nui rimg Tdy Bdc Day la mgt difiu cfl y nghTa hfit sttc dac biet Truoc dfl ttt ngufln tiiu tjch cfln lgi, chttng ta bifit dfin Trdn Nhdn Tflng (1258 - 1308) voi bai tiio Tdy chink dgo trung (Trfin duong di chinh phyc mien Tdy), Lfi Thai Tfi (1428 - 1433) voi bai * PGS.TS Vifin Van hgc NGUYEN QUANG BJCH - NHA T H O L N , Ckink Deo Cdt Hdn kodn qud Long Thuy de (Di danh Deo Cat Han tto vfi qua dfi Long Thtty), Nguyen Binh Khiem (1491 - 1585) co bai Tong Tdy chinh (Theo qudn di ddnh dep mifin Tay) Trong dfl tifiu bifiu Id bdi tho cua Ly Thai Tfi dugc khac trfin vach da mii Ptt Huoi Chfl bfin song Da chdu Muong Lfi (thugc Lai Chdu ngdy nay) ttong dip ong than chinh dua qudn Ifin thdo phat vifin ttt truong Deo Cat Han dm muu cat ctt vttng Tdy Bac chfing lai trifiu dinh sau cugc khang chifin chflng qudn Minh xdm luge thdng Igi khong Idu Bai tho thfi hifin phach, ban ITnh vd khat vgng thong nhat non song vfi mgt mfli: "San xuyin nkdp bdn do" (Song nui noi day nhdp chung vao mgt ban do) ctta vi Hoang dfi Hai cau cufli bai tho vifit: Dfi tho khac da ntti, Gitt mifin Tdy nuoc Viet ta Trong cdc bai tho ciia cac vj vua, quan nfli tten, dia danh Tay Bac - mifin dit thifing Ufing khflng the hi tach rod cua Tfl quflc chi dugc nhae qua ttong Ian tac gid tiian chinh di thao phat cdc dam loanqudn o mien bifin vifin ctta To quoc Cfln ttong Ngu Pkong thi vdn tap ctta Nguyen Quang Bich thi hlnh anh ctta mi^n rimg ntti phia Tdy Bdc ctta Tfi qufic da dfi lai diu in dam da vfli nhifiu net khdc hga chi tifit vd sac sdo, chtta dyng tinh cam ctta nguai anh httng ddn tgc da gin bo sfi phdn minh vfli Tay Bac, hy sinh than minh vi sy tfln vong ctta manh dit yfiu diu Nguyen Quang Bich, chinh hg Ngfi, hifiu la Ngu Phong - ngufli anh httng cua Phong ttao Cin vuong yfiu nuflrc, vi chi huy tfii cao ctta nghTa qudn Tdy Bac ttong cugc khang chifin anh dung ctta dan tgc chflng thyc ddn Phdp xdm luge Id mgt nhd nho, mgt dgi quan cua trifiu dinh nha Nguyfin Ong sinh ngdy thang nam Nham Thin (tttc ngdy thdng ndm 1832) tgi Idng Trinh Phfl, t6ng An Bfii, phtt Kifin Xuong, tinh Nam Djnh (nay la xa An Nmh, huyen Tifin Hai, tinh Thai Bmh) ttong mfit gia dinh nhd nho ngheo, cfl truyfin thflng ldu doi ve duong khoa ctt, quan lai^ Ong dfl Ttt tai nam Mau Ngg (1858), dfl Ctt nhdn ndm Tdn Dgu (1861), dugc bfi Gido thy phtt Truflng Khdnh (Ninh Binh) Khoa thi nam Ky Ty (1869) Dinh nguyfin Hodng gidp Ldn lugt dugc bfi gitt cac chtte vy: Tri phtt Difin Khdnh (Khdnh Hfla), Tri phu Lam Thao, An sdt Son Tdy, An sdt Binh Dinh, rfii vfi Kinh dfi Hufi Iam Tfi hiu Quflc ttt gidm Ndm 1875 dugc vua giao cho duyet bg Khdm dinh Viet sd thong gidm cuang myc - mgt bg stt quan trgng ctta trifiu Nguyfin Hai ndm sau dugc ctt Iam Chanh stt son phflng Hung Hoa kiem Tudn phu Hung Hoa Khi trifiu dinh nhd Nguyfin timg buoc ddu hang thyc ddn Phdp, nhieu quan lai, thtt ITnh tudn theo chifiu menh cua Ty Dttc ngimg viec danh Phdp thi Nguyen Quang Bich vd cdc chifin hflu trung thdnh ctta minh nhu De Kifiu, Dfic Ngtt, Nguyen Vdn Giqi van tap hgp lyc lugng bao vfi chifin khu Hung Hfla chflng lai giac Phdp, truoc co chifiu Cdn Vuang^ Nam 1884, qudn Phdp tdn cflng Himg Hfla, Qng cimg nghia qudn dfli vfi Cdm Khe (Phtt Thg) Khi vua Hdm Nghi xufing chieu Can vuong, flng dugc phong Ti\P CHi HAN N M S6 (144) - 2017 Le bg Thugng tiiu sung Hiep thfing Bdc Ky quan vu dgi tiiin, toan quyfin tfl chuc lyc lugr^ khang Phap mifin Bdc Ttt 1885 dfin 1886, hai Idn di su Trung Quflc cdu vifin nha Thanh nhung vific khfing tiianh Vfi nuflc, ong tdp trung xdy dung can ctt dia tai viing NghTa Lg (chdu Van Chdn) dfi tap hgp Iuc lugng khdng chien chflng vfli giac NghTa qudn ngdy cang Ifln manh khifin thyc ddn Phap Io sg tap tnmg lyc lugng danh dep va tim each du dfl flng hdng Nhung Nguyen Quang Bich dd khang khdi vach mat ke thtt ciing da tdm cuflp nuflc cua chttng vd thfi hifin tinh thdn chifin diu hy sinh dfin cttng vi non sfing dit nuoc Trong thu ttd lfli qudn Phdp flng khdng khai: "Mgt chu "tkii" tu xin quy qudc dieng nhdc lgi nua, dieng CO khuyen bua Ckung toi cam long ckiu ckel vi nghta vua toi/'^^^^M.^^ t^'^'A^S.^^^".^ Bttc thu dugc viet gitta ntti rimg Tdy Bdc tto thdnh mgt ttong nhiing tac phim van hgc yfiu nuflc tieu bieu fl giai doan Khflng khuit phye dugc y chi ctta nguoi anh himg, thyc ddn Phdp lifin tue tang cuflng cdc dgt tdn cflng Ifin chifin khu NghTa qudn sau nhifiu ttgn cdn dugc buflc tifin qudn thtt cuoi cttng cttng da phai lui din vao rimg sdu Nguyen Quang Bich sttc khfle gidm sut, benh tinh keo ddi da tii trin 15 tiiang Chgp ndm Canh Ddn (tiic 24 tiiang I ndm 1890) dang chudn bj cung nghTa qudn chflng lgi m0t cugc can quet mfli ctta ngufli Phap Cfl tiifi nfli Nguyfin Quang Bich la mgt vai hifin tugng tho ca hfit sttc dac bifit ctta vdn hgc dan tflc giai doan nua cufli tiifi ky XIX Ljch stt dan 56 VOTHANH tgc buoc sang mgt thfli ky bat thuflng sau cugc chien ttanh xdm luge ctta thyc ddn Phap - mflt ke thtt vfi nhifiu phuang dien cfln hfit sttc xa la vfli cha fing ta Dd xuit hifin mgt Nguyfin Dinh Chifiu - nha tho mtt cfl doi mat sdng nhdt thai dgi vfli nhiing tdc phdm tho vdn bdt hu; mflt Nguyen Thflng - nhd tho ty dja ma moi bdi tho ctta ong da tto thdnh mgt bifiu tugng moi cho mong uoc dodn ty, sum vdy, thong nhdt non sflng ddt nuoc; mgt Nguyfin Khuyfin kifin quyfit ttt bfl chtte Tflng dflc de vfi qufi sflng nhu mgt nguai in dat, khong chiu hgp tac voi ke thii (neu ong nhdn chtte Tflng dflc Son Hung - Tuyfin (1884) tiii dfing nghTa vfli viec se phdi hgp tdc vfli kfi thu dem qudn di tieu diet chien khu Hung Hfla ctta Nguyfin Quang Bich Difiu fi nhyc dfl chdc chdn Tam Nguyen Yfin Dfi thd chfit chu khfing chiu thyc hien) Cufic doi Nguyfin Quang Bich qua that cfl phin dac biet so vfli Nguyen Dinh Chifiu, Nguyfin Thong, Nguyfin Khuyen va ca vfli Phan Dinh Phttng, Nguyen Xuan On - nhihig nguoi tieu bieu cho le xuit xtt ctta mgt thfli dai "khfi nhuc nhung vT dai" ntta cuoi the ky XIX Sinh fl mgt vttng nflng thfln ven bifin dflng bdng Bdc Bg nen nha tho lay hieu la Ngu Phong (chtt ik ngu chi ngufli danh cd va chtt ^ phong cfl nghTa Id nggn nui) Lfln len, hgc hanh, dfl dgt, lam quan chu yfiu ttong mflt mfii truflng quen thufic nhung ttach nhiem va sfi phdn da "xfl day" ong vdo mgt hoan canh khdc la vfli mflt flng quan van luon cfl khat vgng dugc thi tho tai ndng ttong moi truflng quen thuflc fl noi trifiu dinh hay chfln quan ti-ong, chtt khflng phdi fl NGUYEN QUANG BiCH - NHA THO LON, chfln sa truflng noi "rttng thifing nuflc dgc", gitta vong vdy ctta ke thtt, hodn toan each bifit vfli que huong, gia dinh, ban be Nguyen Quang Bich khdc nao nhu ca bien quen vfli sflng gifl trttng khoi bj nem vdo noi ntti rttng xa Ig, tach bifit hdn khfli mfli truong song ctta minh Ong da tto thdnh nha nho dau tien ttong Ijch stt van hgc dan tgc song, chifin dau va sang tac giua ntti rttng Tdy Bac Noi nhu vdy dfi chiing ta hifiu thfim phan nao noi bufin ctta Nguyen Quang Bfch, sfl phgn dgt flng vdo mgt hodn cdnh bdt thuang ma ban than nha tho cung khflng he doan dinh truflc dugc Tam trgng ctta ong phdn ndo giflng vfli Dang Dung xua cugc chien khflng cdn sttc vfli Iuc lugng dp ddo ctta quan Minh han Dang tuflng qudn y thttc rat ro vfi vific thod co Uch stt da ttfli qua "V|ln khu anh hiing am hdn da" (Lo van anh httng dg xflt xa) nhung vdn miet mai mai guom du6i anh trang dfi cho phyc thu cuu nuoc: Bac dau thtt nuflrc cfln chua ttd, Mdy mai guom bflng nguyet ta Cdm hodi^ Nguyin Quang Bich cung vgy, fing nhdn rfl nhung kho khan ddc bifit ctta nghia qudn, su thodi trao cua ca phong trdo chung, ciing nhu sttc manh htty diet ctta ke thtt Ong cung da chgn cdi chet oanh liet nhu Hoang Difiu, Phan Thanh Gian thdnh Hung Hfla bj flidt thtt, quyfin sinh nhu bit ky nha nho yfiu nuflc nao roi vao hoan cdnh tuong tu, liy thdn minh dfi bdo dfin on nuflc nhung cac nghia qudn da kjp thai cttu flng khfli cai chfit Tu dfl mac du nfli bufin vdn theo dufii flng dfin cufii dfli nhung cugc dfli Nguyfin Quang Bich da buoc sang mgt giai doan khdc: giai doan flng cttng nghia qudn dan ddn chuyfin hdn dja ban hogt dgng len nui rimg Tay Bdc Nguyfin Quang Bich duflng nhu cung trfl thdnh mgt ngufli khdc hdn: flng xac djnh dugc rfl hon myc dich song ctta minh, hien ddng trgn ven quang dfli cfln Igi (mgng song ciia flng md nghTa quan da cuflp Igi ttt than chet gang tdc) cho cugc khang chifin khong cdn sttc voi mgt kfi thu dc Duong nhu cfl mgt ngufli mfli da dugc tdi sinh noi flng, ngufli dy hfit sue tre trung, tdm hfln cua ngufli ay da thuflc ve Tay Bdc Va ducmg nhu sy tdi sinh iy cung da Iam sflng day mgt nguoi tho tuflng nhu da mdt, mgt Ngu Phong nha tho ttong ngufli phdn su Nguyfin Quang Bich Truoc dfl, duflng nhu ong chua hfi lam tho, nhung ttt ddy flng da cdm bttt vd vifit say sua, u bufln nhung cung ddy Iang mgn, rit tru tinh ma ciing rdt hifin thyc, chan tinh buoc diu gflp phdn chudn bj cho nhflng su bttng nfi moi ctta tho ca ddn tgc Cung gifing nhu Nguyen Dinh Chifiu, Nguyen Thfing, Pham Van Nghi, Nguyfin Xudn On ttt diu cugc chifin, Nguyfin Quang Bich da lya chgn cho minh mgt duong, mgt Ifii sfing ddy y nghia: duflng chifin diu chfing Igi ke thtt xdm luge, quen minh hy sinh cho cong cuge ddu tranh gidi phflng ddn tgc Chi cfl difiu su nghiep quflc ma fing lya chgn khflng cfln la thfli diy ttan 57 T^P CHi HAN NOM so (144) - 2017 thfi va nifim tin nhu giai dogn cua Nguyfin Dinh Chifiu, Nguyen Thflng , md la mgt tiifli ky Uch stt hfit sttc dac biet - ma cugc khang chien khflng can sttc vai ke thu da buflc vao giai dogn tiioai trdo, md Phong trdo Cdn vuong fl cac vttng mifin khdc da bi ke thtt dim ttong bifin mdu vd ddn tan Vi vgy sy lya chgn ctta Nguyfin Quang Bich Iuc cdng mang ddy y nghTa, nfl thfi hien bdn ITnh, su thtty ehung nhu nhdt vd su khang djnh truflc kfi thtt tinh thdn yfiu nuflc bit khudt khong gi lay chuyfin dugc cua nguoi dan ddt Viet Su lya chgn dy qua khac nghiet, bfli nfl dflng nghia voi sy hy sinh da dugc bao truoc, nfin ngufli lanh ty Phong ttdo Can Vuong dd dan truflc nguoi thdn: "Ta da dem thdn hira quflc, khflng cdn nguoi di lgi tham nom vo ich Sau ndy nfiu cfl nho dfin ta tiii ctt ldy Hung Hfla thdt hdm Iam gifi ta"^ Nguyen Quang Bich cung trfl nfin gdn bfl hon vfli ngufli va nui rimg thugng ngdn Ngufli ctta mifin dong bang ven bifin Bdc Bg vdn hien ngang cttng nhung chifin hihi kifiu mflt long chflng ke thtt xdm luge gitta ntti rimg Tay Bdc Theo cdc nhd nghifin cttu thi Ngu Pkong thi vdn tap gflm cfl ba phin Hai phin diu da thdt lac\ phan Ngu Pkong tki lap Igi voi chttng ta ngdy chtt yfiu dugc vifit fl noi can ctt dja Tdy Bdc (khoang tir 1885 - 1889) ttfl thdnh mgt tdc phdm ddc bifit, doi ttong mgt hoan cdnh khac thuang Ddy Id tap tho chtt Han diu tien (cfln lai) ctta m^t bdc dgi nho dugc vifit gifta ntti rimg mifin Tay Bdc Tfl quflc, ghi lai cugc chien ddu bi httng ctta qudn ddn ta ttong 58 VU THANH cugc khang chifin gian khfl chfing thyc dan Phap xam luge va cung la tgp tho chtt Hdn ddu tifin ctta van hgc vifit dan tgc phan anh mgt cdeh trung tiiyc ngufli vd canh vdt cua mflt vttng dit it nhifiu cfln xa la voi bttc tranh chung cua van hgc Viet Nam thoi diem tdp tho xudt hifin Vinh quang thay stt m^nh cua ngufli anh httng va cung d|ic biet thay vj tti ctta Ngu Phong thi van tap Theo tu lieu ttt cufln Ngu Phong vd Tugng Pkong, lap I "Dinh Nguyfin Hodng g i ^ Nguyen Quang Bich", Nxb Vdn hgc, 2013, Dinh Xudn Ldm chtt bien thi Ngu Phong thi vdn tap gom 120 tdc phdm, ttong dfl cfl 97 bdi tho chtt Han theo thfi ngfl ngon, thdt ngfin Duflng ludt (chi cfl mgt bdi truang thifin: VH tru dgi so) va mflt sfl cdu doi, van te, thu ttt Ngi dung cfl thfi chia Iam bfin phdn: a Nhiing bdi tho Idm ttong hai Idn di sang Trung Qufic, ghi lai cac ky niem vd canh sic dgc hanh trinh ttong vttng bien gifli gitta hai nuoc; b Nhiing bai ghi lgi cugc sfing, canh quan tren ntti rimg Tdy Bdc, noi tdc gid dd song, chien ddu ttong mgt thod gian dai; c Nhiing bai ghi lai tdm su thfi hifin tam ttang, nhiing ban khoan lo lang ve trach nhiem dfli vfli nghTa qudn, dfli voi van mfinh ddt nuflc, nifim vui sau mfli ttdn thdng, nfii bufin bi thuong sau mfli cdi chfit ctta ban be, chifin huu cua vi thu ITnh khdng chien; d Nhflng bai tdng tien, xucfng hga cttng mgi ngufld Ngfli but cua Nguyfin Quang Bich cfl nhifiu tim tfli, dgc dao, ddc bifit ttong nghe thudt td cdnh Chi vfli mgt vdi net chdm pha tuflng ngdu nhifin, don gidn nhung thyc da thfing qua thao tdc NGUYEN QUANG BiCH - NHA THO LON, chgn lya tinh te ctta mflt tai nang tho ca thyc tiiy, Nguygn Quang Bfch dd khdc hga nhung bttc ttanh phong cdnh, sinh hogt, nhiing phong tue tdp quan ctta mgt vttng ddt chtta dyng nhifiu difiu bf an, huyfin bf tu ngdn doi Ddy Id difiu het sue dac bifit Nguyen Quang Bich Id nguoi cua hgc vdn, thugc Iflng sach vfl, chtt nghTa hifin Khong the nfli a noi nui rimg flng khflng cfl dtt sdeh vo de tta cttu Cdi dfl chi dttng mgt phdn, boi cac difin cfi, dien tich da tro mdu thit ttong nhimg nha dai khoa nhu fing Tuy nhien tho ctta fing Igi rat it difin ti'eh, dien cfi nhu tho ctta cac nha nho trung nghTa khac Ngfli bttt ctta Ngu Phong huflng nhieu dfin cugc dfli thuc, den euge chifin cam go, den nui rimg Tdy Bic, dfin tdm ttang ctta mgt vj thtt ITnh truflc sy sflng ctta dan tgc Tho ong diy nhiing dja danh hifin thyc ctta chifin tt$n, ctta ntti rimg Tdy Bdc, voi nhflng Dai Lich, Chifiu Tan, Quy Hfla, Bao Thing, Difin Phong, Tdn Nhai, Qudng Ldng , cua nhiing dfim mua rimg, ctta deo, sufii, ctta vdt rimg va sflt ret , duflng nhu khong cfln cho cho cac difin cfi, difin tich vay mugn xa Ig Trong hoan canh dc liet gitta cac cu^e chien, Nguyfin Quang Bfch cung khflng cfl dtt thfli gian dfi nghT nhifiu dfin vige lya chgn cdc difin cfl, difin tich sach vo, ggt riia cho phtt hgp vfli nhiing hoan canh rdt dge bifit va cu thfi nhu fing va nghTa quan da phai gidp mat Tinh uoc 1|, tugng trung, tfnh giao hudn va nhiing quy pham ctta tha trung dgi a day duflng nhu da khflng cfln la vin de dang quan tam- Difiu mfit phdn Id mfli truflng sflng, moi truong sang tac ctta nha tho dd dugc tiiay dfli Cfl lfi su vT ddy huyfin bf va cfl phin la llm ctta ntti rung Tay Bdc da>gflp phin xfla mfl di nhiing uoc lfi, tugng trung trim tugng, nhflng difin CO, difin tich xa Ig ttong tho ctta nha nho hg Nguyen Khong gian tho Ngu Phong Id khong gian hien thyc ctta ntti rung Tdy Bdc, mOt chdt lifiu nghe thudt mod la phd vfl tinh quy pham ttong vific lya chgn thi lieu ctta tho ca trung dai, hinh thdnh nhiing bifiu tugng nghfi thugt mfli thfi hifin sy gan bfl thdt sy voi cugc sflng, rttt ddn khodng each giua thi ca va cuflc dfli Tuy nhien, nhftng bien chuyfin ttong tam hon nhd tho moi la difiu quan ttgng mang tfnh quyet dinh dan dfin nhttng thay dfli thdm m j tu sdng tgo ctta ngufli nghfi sT Ong lam tho khfing phdi dfi cho nhttng ngufli ban dfing lifiu nhifiu chu nghia dgc Trong hodn cdnh lufln gidp mat vcd cai chfit, fing ldm tho cung khfing phdi vfli mong mufln nhiing van tho ctta minh sfi cfln luu lai voi dfli Vfli nhiing tinh cam chdn tinh, gidn dj nhung ddy sdu sdc, fing vifit cho chinh minh vfi nhiJng nguai gidn dj, chdn chat dang sflng chet cttng flng, vfi mgt vttng ddt chua he xuat hien mgt each chdn thuc nhu vliy ttong tho ca dan tflc Dfl la nhttng vdn tho ttfin yen ngua, gitta hai cufic chifin md cdi chfit cfl thfi den bit ctt Ittc nao Thi ca dy nhu mgt chfi dya cin thifit dfi cung cfi nifim tin, dfi giai bay tdm sy, dfi giai tfla cdng tiidng, dfi bot di noi bufln sau nhung mit mat, hy sinh, dfi vui voi nifim vui chifin thing hifim hoi Vi vdy nfl Id nhung xttc cam rit chan nhung cung rat manh liet Nguyfin Quang Bich la mflt ngufld dung dj, sflng 59 TAP CHi HAN NOM SO (144) - 2017 ngi tdm, kin ddo, khfing thich su on ao, cdu ky, deo ggt Vd tinh cdeh da dugc tiifi hifin kha ro ttong tho ong Sy gdn bfl vfli mifin bifin vifin ctta To quoc, vific nguyfin cong hien ca cufic dfli minh cho sy binh yen ctta dan chttng dd Idm doi thay ngufli nha nho Nguyen Quang Bich, ttt dfl ma dan dfin nhttng thay dfii ttong quan nifim thdm my cua flng Da cfl thfi khdng djnh mgt difiu rdng: thien nhifin vd vific mifiu td thien nhifin Ngu Phong thi vdn tap da cfl nhifiu difim khdc bifit voi thifin nhifin vd vific mifiu ta tiiifin nhifin vdn chuong nha nho truflc vd cimg thoi vfli Nguyen Quang Bich Mflt thien nhifin sinh dgng, chdn that, httng vT va mfli lg, gdn bfl mat thifit voi nguoi da dugc tai tao ttong tap tha ctta Ngu Phong vd dieu Iy thtt Id da dugc fing Iam cho nfl tto nfin tuoi moi, gdn gui va than thiet hon voi mgi nguai, k^ cd nhiing ngufli chua mgt ldn dugc dfin mifin Tdy Bdc Tfl quflc Su dfli thay mfli truflng va hoan cdnh sang tdc ro rang dd gflp phin quan ttgng ttong su thay dfli mgt dfli nguoi va mgt dtri tiio Nfiu Nguyfin Quang Bfch van ngfli yfin vi, cam phgn nai ttifiu dinh thi cfl le tho ong da khac va chua chdc fing da lam tho Nhung sfl phan da dua flng den voi tho ca vd A*^ Phong tki vdn lap la tdp tho van ctta so phdn Nguyen Khuyfin ciing vdy Tho ong truflc va sau ttt chtte Tflng dflc Son Hung - Tuyfin vfi in dgt ttong ngo true la rdt khdc nhau, bfli dfl Id hai nguoi khac nhau: truoc Id nguoi cfln ham ho ttanh tim mgt chfl dttng noi chfin hoan do, sau la ngufli da dam viit bfl nhttng hu vinh dfi bdo toan nhdn each 60 VU THANH quyfit khflng hgp tac voi ke thtt ddn tgc Nguyen Quang Bich truoc vd sau Hung Hfla that thtt cung da Id hai ngufli cfl nhifiu dieu khac bifit vd fing dd tim den tho ca Tho ca dfii voi ong vtta quen lai vtta la Dfl la thtt flng dugc ren cap ttt ngdy dugc di hgc Nhung nhuong nhu ong chua bao gio lam tho truoc dfin vfli Tdy Bdc thyc su vd nfiu cfl Idm thi dfl la thtt tho giong nhu tho cua bit ky mgt nha nho binh thuflng nao khdc, nfl bi chim ng^p ttong mgt thtt ngfln ngfl uoc lfi, tugng trung, bj che Idp bfli cdc difin cfl, difin tich, huy ky Tay Bdc va cugc chifin di qufic ddy gian khfi da bifin dfii nguoi Nguyen Quang Bich, da dem den cho ong mgt ngufin thi httng khac vfli cdi thflng thuflng Nfl gittp flng bOe Ig mfit cdeh sau sdc nhdt tdm hfin minh, nfl rat hgp voi tdm hfln ttong tteo cua fing Tay Bac da phyc sinh flng Tu cam giac xa la dfin cho dttt bo dugc tdt cd su rifing tu de hifin minh cho xu sfl da vd cay, rfli nhdn vimg ddt ndy, nhiing nguoi chdt phac ctta ntti rimg rdt hgp vfli minh vd minh cfl thfi sdn sang hy sinh vi cugc song cua hg md khfing hfi cam thiy nufli tific la mOt khodng cdeh khflng hfi nhfl ttong cugc dfli va tho ca ctta vi tiitt ITnh nghTa qudn Tho Nguyfin Quang Bich la nhat ky cugc doi flng Nfl rit gin vfli lfli tha ky su ctta cac nha nho Vifit Nam giai doan thfi ky XVIII - XIX nhung Igi rit khdc vfli cac nha tho khdc fl sy tuoi mfli vfli tiitt ngfln ttt ta thyc trye tifip ttt nhiing sir kifin va su vific ctta dfli sflng hang Dgc tha ctta cac vj thtt ITnh nghTa qudn khdc cttng thfli vod Nguyen Quang Bich, mac dtt tho mfli nguoi mgt khac va deu NGUYEN QUANG BiCH - NHA THO LON,., CO nhung dong gflp nhdt djnh cho sy phdt trien ctta van hgc ddn tgc nhung chiing ta ft thiy fl hg su tuoi moi, hfln nhien - mgt pham chdt rdt cdn cho tho ca nhu ttong tho ctta Ngu Phong Mgt Tdy Bdc hien Ifin ttong Ngu Pkong thi vdn tap vtta rdt myc httng vT, huyfin bf, chtta dyng nfii bufln khfin xifit ctta nguoi anh httng tinh tiifi gian nan, lai vua rdt dfii thdn thuang, gin gfli bed dugc khic ghi ttt nhung tinh cdm hfit sttc chan thuc, tu nhifin cua mfit nhd nho trung nghia Ciing vi vdy md co thfi nfli ring tho Nguyfin Quang Bich khflng bi gfl bo, khuon sao, each difiu nhu tho ca CO difin va cfl nhifiu net gin gui vfli tho ca hifin dai Trong Ngu Phong thi lap cfl rdt nhifiu bai vifit vfi mua rimg, vfi nhiing ttan Iu, nhung ttgn mua Ion - Day la mgt dac difim nfli bat ctta thifin nhifin mifin rimg nui Tdy Bac dugc phan anh ttong tho Ngu Phorig Cfl nhiing Idn gap mua rttng trien mien, Nguyfin Quang Bich va doan ttty tttng bugc phai ngtt trg lai nha mgt nguod dan mifin nui: (^mT-mT^^i^^&^^^) (Gap mua kkdng di dugc ndn lgi nhd sdn cua ddn mien nui hai ba ngdy) Khi thi lai dimg chan or mflt bfin dfl, mua mua lu, nuoc ddng to, khfing thfi sang sflng dugc vd Iflng vj lanh ty nghTa qudn bufin rugi: ( # j § ^ ^ x ^ ^ :T-fil$,%n) Mfii lugt qua sflng mfli lugt sdu, Nuoc sflng cufln cufln dfl ngdu ngdu Ldn ndy chua dfi thuyen ve ben, Hai ngd di vfi bifit djnh ddu (Lai di qua sdng Hong nude lo khong sang dugc ngdu himg ldm bdi tha vink) Su khac nghifit cua thien nhifin nhu thtt thach Iflng ngucd Phai dfli mat voi mua rttng, vfli sy dtt vao mtta nuoc fl noi thugng ngufln sflng Hflng, chiu dyng khf hdu nod rimg ntti dm thdp, nhung dieu ky la Id Nguyfin Quang Bich van tim thdy ttong thifin nhien ntti riing su gdn gui, thdn thifit va nhung net nfin tho Cfl dfim mua phdi tni qudn ttong rimg, khfing Ian trai, phdi Idy Id chufli gdc tam Iam Ifiu nhung nhd tho van lac quan hiroc sy tuoi sang ctta buoi sang sau mua: Mua gio lifin mifin ldm chdm trfi hanh trinh ctta ta, Noi iii xa tich mich phdt sinh ttdm mfii cam xuc, Trin ttgc suflt nam canh khong ngtt dugc, Tifing mua roi ti tach thfim nhd hfla vfli tieng sufli reo May rdng mua xuflng idiong nhifiu ldm Sang som diu cay hat mflc tteo (Dim din rieng kkdng cd nhd ddn, dung liu de d) TAP CHi HAN N M SO (144) - 2017 Nhan thiy "Tifing mua roi ti tach fl thfim nha hfla vfli tifing sufli reo" hay "Sdng sflm dau cdy hgt mflc tteo" gitta nhflng gian trudn vat va va cai chfit kfi ben cfl le Id nhiing hinh dnh hfit sttc Iang mgn va an tugng ma Ngu Phong thi vdn tap da dem Igi cho ngufli dgc Ci Ngu Pkong tki vdn lap ddu chi cfl sy bufln bd vd bi quan, chan ndn; fl dfl cfln cfl nhifiu nifim vui, sy Iang mgn, nhiet huyfit va mgt quyfit tdm sdt dd, mfit nghi luc phi thuflng ctta mgt tdm hfln het sttc cao cd vd mgt nguoi ciing rit myc binhdj Cfl Ian bj gige can quet, gap mua Ion, chay gide hfit sue vdt vd nhung qua su6i thdy dam cfl thach xuong bfl, nhd tho van co ctti hdi ddy tay dem vfi ngam rugu qufin di ca nfli hifim nguy thuong true: VQ THANH (diH) Ntti chao bflng he vimg duong sang, Sufii ngfl' rflng phun r^fln nuflc bay (Di dudng nui) (I)on ngufli hoa minh vdo thifin nhifin vd noi bat ma khflng hfi bj chim khudt gitta the giod tu nhifin: (5t.i-r# r) Song vong theo ntti chdy, Reu dugm nuoc mua ddy Dttng cao nhin xa tit, Ngo minh fl ttong mdy ii.^B.m^^-4- Lgt ddt ttong rttng sdu, qua mgt cai khe nhfl, Mua gfli miy lifin cdng them Ignh Ifio Vtta gap tifit dep cin cfl rugu xuong bfi de uong, Hdi ddy flng tay mang vfi vdn khfing thtta (Ngdy Doan Duang trdnk gige gap mua, qua khe nho kdi xuang bd vi edt rugu udng) Tdy Bdc trdng Ifi, ddy net dep ky vT khifin tiii httng ttong flng ttdn diy va nhd tha nhu dang hfla vao canh vdt: 62 (Lgi mgt bdi ngU ngdn tuyet eu) Nguyfin Quang Bich Id ngufli di nhifiu, dac bifit Id flr vung Tdy Bic, nhung noi dia diu, bien giai ctta Tfi qufic nhung nui rttng Tdy Bic huyfin bi dfii vfli fing van nhu chtta dyng bao difiu bf mgt khifin ong nhifiu khflng khfli ngo ngdng Nguyen Quang Bich luon cfl hai ngufld: mflt vi lanh tu nghTa quan tam huyfit, kifin gan va mgt nghe sT day Iang mgn say mfi kham pha ve dep bi dn cua ntti rimg Mgt lin tten duflng chinh chien, leo Ifin tan ntti cao mdy phu tuflng khong mgt ddu chdn nguoi, bat ngo nhd tho phdt hifin fl lung chimg ntti cfl mflt cai dgng vd cttng th§t bit ngfl ttong dgng cfl ngufli mfli chdo ong Nhung tiec thay ngufld anh httng dang ban vific nuflc khong thfi dttng buflc de huflng thu tiiu vui scm tuyfin: NGUYEN QUANG BiCH - NHA THO L O N , (^^^^^) Dimg roi ngua rdo buflfc toi ctta mdy, Mgt cai dflng ctta mflf toang o lung chimg ntti Chu nhdn trinh trongtoydfln mfli, Nhung duflng ma ke chinh phu phai di cfln ddi dang dac (Len dgng dd Yen Bink) Tdy Bac khong phai chi cfl ntti rttng vd mua Iu ma Tay Bdc cfln cfl nhung ngufli rdt dfli dac bifit Ngu Phong thi vdn tap da khdc hga moi quan he gitta vj thu ITnh nghTa qudn voi dflng bao dan tOc, la thtt tinh cam viia chdn tinh Igi vtta gan bo keo son Nhung Idiflng phdi ttt diu nha tho dd co dugc su cam thfing, gin gui ctta mgt ngucri "trong cugc" Ddu tifin Id nhiing nhdn xet, quan sat mgt each "to mo" each sinh sflng khac biet ctta ngufli dan mifin ntti Tuy nhifin, fl day khong hfi cfl mflt chttt kJ' thi, coi thuflng cua mgt vj dai quan ngufld Kinh voi dflng bdo ngufld dan tgc o noi "rimg tiiieng nuflc dgc" Nguyfin Quang Bich nhgn thdy nguoi ddn mifin ntti rat hay Iam nha ven sflng, ven sufli, gin ngufln nuflc: (^i##it) Duong di thing tod Tdn Nhai, Nha etta o sat ben song Tifin xdu quan, nhu xdu cd, Vdt dung dfiu dttng ngua thfl chuyfin chfl (Tro dphd Tdn Nhai) Bai tho nhu mgt buc ttanh khdc hga mgt each chdn that nhung dac trung cua mgt mifin dit Nhd tho cung phdt hifin mfit difiu ly thtt: fl noi xa nay, chg chinh Id mgtttongnhiing noi vui nhdt va chtta dyng nhieu net dgc ddo nhat ctta vung bifin cuong: (iki^) Trong chg, khan dju fl sau Iimg, ngufli Nttng, nguoi Mflng Idn Ign Hfli ngufli trfin duong bifit chg hgp cfl phien (Phong tyc vitng hien) Nguyen Quang Bich vui nifim vui vi cugc sflng no dm, yfin binh ctta ngufli Nttng, ngufli Dao, bfli sy binh yfin dfl cfl phdn dflng gflp ctta flng vd nghia quan dang ngdy dem ngdn buflc chdn qudn thtt de gin gitt: ^^^%±^^ (^l^itt) Tfit dep thay cu^c sfing sung tttc ctta nguod Nttng, ngufld Dao, Ltta ngfittfinntti dang tuoi tfit (Trin dudng Qudng Ldng) Ly tuflng cua nhd nho la lufln huflng vfi thoi Nghifiu, Thuan huyfin thoai, thoi cua "vua sang, toi hifin" nhung la thay flng quan Ifln ctta tri^u dinh chifim ngudng cdnh dep de, trtt phu ctta T-^P CHi HAN N M SO (144) - 2017 nfip nhd sdn Tdy Bdc thdp thoang ttong khfli mdy Igi ty hfli minh: Lieu day cfl phdi Id chfin thien thai ma minh chi dgc thay tixmg sach vfl: VQ THANH ttdo ttfl vo tiiuflng Dfin nay, trdi lgi, tfii Igi phai tiian rang: Ngufli Kinh cfln khflng trung hdu bdng hg) Duflng nhu o ddy dd khfing khodng cdeh gitta mgt flng quan Ifln ciia ttifiu dinh voi nhiing nguoi ddn mifin mii quen sflng ty do, nhflng ngufli it cfl cdm (^ic^ai) tinh vfli nhiing bdc "phu mdu" ttt Kinh Trong Iflp may phong san sdt nhflng dfl xa xfli kinh Iy toi Vd Nguyfin Quang nha ctta ngufli Nung, ngufli Mflng, Bich - nguoi luon mang cdm gide v6 su CO dgc, ngufli bufln vi phai xa dfli Chdng hay Thifin thai Id chfin nao ? gia dinh, qufi huong than yeu cua minh (Lin niii Thdi San) cfl Ie dd tim thdy tinh rugt thjt, su gin Nguyen Quang Bich nhanh chflng cfl gui ttt nhiing chtt nhdn thyc su ctta niii su hoa dfing vao cufic song, sinh hogt ctta riing Cac tu lieu Uch stt cfln Igi cho dfing bao cdc ddn tgc Cugc sflng cua ong thdy Nguyfin Quang Bich ttt ldu dd cfl va nghia quan, vfi co bdn la dugc sy gittp mgt moi quan he hfit sttc mat thifit vfli do, cuu mang ctta nhttng nguoi chdt dflng bdc cdc ddn tgc Tdy Bdc Ong da phac, gidn di dfl CJ ddy ro rang cfl quan xdy dyng, lien kfit, dodn kfit dugc nhimg he md ngdy chttng ta ggi Id qudn ddn lyc lugng vfl ttang ctta dfing bdo cdc ddn nhu "ca vfli nuflc" Di dfin dau fing cflng tgc va xdy dung dugc mgt hdu phuang dugc nguoi ddn tan tinh tifip dfln, hg quy viing manh cho cugc khdng chien ttgng sy don hdu, chdn tinh ctta fing vd Khong phdi ngdu nhien ma ngufli dan ggi fing Id "hoat Phat": mifin ntti lai ddnh cho flng nhiing tinh cam nfing hdu nhu vay Sau khifingmdt, cac nghia quan vdn tilp tue hoat d^ng ttong mgt thcri gian ddi, tifip tye sir (^^i^.^^^^ii) nghifip qufic vinh quang cua vi Idnh tu "Quan vfi" nghe nfli mimg di dfln anh ma hg yfiu mfin Tdy Bdc trfl Gap mat quan trieu Ifi mufln tran! thdnh mgt dja ban chifin luge hfit sire (Duge ddn Mong tiip ddn ve nhd cdm tde) quan trgng cugc chifin chflng ke thtt gidnh Igi dgc lap, ty cho dan tflc (Nguyen Quang Bich chu duoi bai vd Tdy Bdc cung dd trfl hai tifing tho: Nggn nui rat cao noi nguoi Mflng cu thifing Ufing vd tha thifit nhdt ttong ttdi tiii fl chdu Phtt Yfin Vien Tflng quan hg tim da cdm ctta vi thtt ITnh tfii cao nghTa Ma, nhd fl ttfin dinh ntti Khi n ^ e tin tfli quan Cin Vuong Ttt mgt ngufli xa lg ttt tfli lien dem dan chimg dfln tan ngoai noi khdc dfin, la Iam vfli mifin dat "riing tram dam, dua ve nha, tinh cam hfit sttc thieng nuflc dgc", Nguyen Quang Bich an cin Phong tyc fl ddy chit phac cfl so da ttfl mgt nguoi ttong cugc, Hg mfli tfli cu tin mflt Khi vfi nguoi Tdy Bdc vd tho vdn flng da Tfing qudn lai dem dan Mfing di hfl mang dm huflng cua ntti rung, cttng nhjp tflng Truoc day, nguoi ta cho la ddn iy 64 NGUYEN QUANG BJCH - NHA THO LON, tiio Vfli thien nhifin va ngufld mifin bifin vien Tfl qufic EJieu sdu sac cua A'gM- Phong thi vdn lgp Id qua nhung bttc ttanh phong cdnh don so, gidn di, qua nhirng phong tue tap quan dfic dao vd tinh cam moc mge, chdn ctta ngufli dan mifin ntti, Nguyfin ()uang Bfch da kham phd vfi dep- sy sfing ben ttong ctta quang cdnh, ctta ntti rttng va nhd tho cflng gtti gdm vdo nhiing tinh cdm rdt myc yeu thuong gdn gui ctta minh Cfl the nfli phdn tho ca vifit ve thifin nhifin, vfi cugc sfing va nguoi Tay Bdc chinh Id phdn quan ttgng va co nhifiu dflng gflp nhit cua Ngu Pkong tki vdn lap Nguyin Quai^ Bfch la mgt ngufli sflng het sttc tmh cam, dfln hdu, ddc bifit la tinh cam vod ban be, chifin hiiu, vfli cha me, gia dinh, voi qufi huong - manh dat, nguoi ma ong xdc dinh rdt rfl Id s6 khflng co tro vfi vd gap Igi Ngu Phong thi vdn tap Id tap tho van ctta tinh nguoi, tinh doi Vj thtt ITnh nghTa quan vifit rit nhifiu tho thuong khoe nhiing ngufld ban chifin dau da hy sinh thdn mmh vi To quflc, vi nghTa Ion, Nhiing cai chfit kifiu httng ttong cac ttgn chifin, nhung cai chfit bi thuong benh tat, khfing chiu noi sy gian khfl noi nui riing khac nghiet, nhung cu0c chia ly ddy tiiuong nhfl lufln bifit truoc se khong cfl i^ay gap lai Nhd tho hg Nguyen khong cfl cdi may man nhu mgt sfl vj thtt Iinh khae truoc di dugc ttfl vfi thdm vifing gia dinh, que huong, cha me, vg con, tiidp nen tdm huong ttfin phin mfl tfl tifin, hay nfiu co chfit thi cung an long vi dugc nhdm mat fl noi "chfin rau cdt rfln", bfin cgnh nhiing ngufli thdn yeu rugt tfiit ctta minh Difiu thdt thifing Ufing va cfl y nghia dfli voi moi nguoi dan nuflc Vi^t, nhat la dfli voi mflt nguai nho nha nhu Nguyfin Quang Bich bifit la nhuong ndo Ong chanh Iflng nho tfli cha me gap ngdy tfit Doan ngg lai gdn vdi ngdy gio cha phai luu lac noi dat khdch ncd bifin cuong chi cfl lau sdy va nui rimg trfin duflng di quflc diy gian nan: (^[^^•ft) Thdng Nam, gap ngdy tifit d?p Doan duong Than minh cfln a coi bien cuong khfli mdy lam chuong Lflng da cam lai gdn gifl cha Dem nam mo thdy mlnh roi nuflc mat cttng ngufld ttfl chuyfin {Til Doan duang cdm tdc) Ong ban khodn vi khfing tu tay cham sflc dugc phdn mg to tifin, ngdm ngtti ttong gian nan, qudn thifiu, luong can chgt nggm ngtti "Nho hfim chinh Id ngdy me cha tteo cung dau ten cfl cho ta" (Cu lao kim nhdt ky bflng tang - Tu nguyet bdl nkdt) Nhung nfli bufln ctta ngufli anh httng khflng phdi la su lo bufin vi cugc sflng chien diu qua gian kho, hay phdi xa gia dmh, qufi huong, md o ddy nfii long rifing cua ong da gin chat voi nfli buon Ion lao ctta dat nuoc non sflng Trong bai Dim mua (Da vfl), nha tho viet: itb'ffr-^^jxai* TJ^P CHi HAN N M S6 (144) - 2017 Tmh ta ehung vfli tinh non nuoc, Rflt cd vao mgt chfin vang (Dem mua) Bufln nhung khflng mflt gidy phttt bfl roi nggn co cttu quoc, luon y thttc ro rdng vfi nghia vy dfii voi non sfing ddt nuflc, cfl thai dttt khodt truoc cai sfing vd cai chet mfli chinh la ddc difim nfii bdt nhit ciia ngufli Nguyfin Quang Bfch dd dugc fing thfi hifin mfit each nhit qudn Ngu Phong thi vdn tap Hinh dnh hdo httng ctta Nguyfin Quang Bfch hifin ngang dttng phanh trfin dinh cao nhdt ctta ntti rimg Tdy Bac sau da tung buoc, tttng buoc kien tri, nhdn ngi dfi tteo hfit rang ntti nhu Id mgt nhihig hinh dnh dep nhdt ctta nguoi anh ddn tgc dd kifin quyfit doi ddu voi gian kho, hy sinh, quyfit sflng mdi mgt phen vfli quan thu: (O^-ft) Mufln van canh tugng d ^ trflng suflt, Lfin tflt triing cao, sang khodi thay (Di dudng niiif^^ Nggn ntti Ngu Phong ctta bifin khoi da tim thdy sttc mgnh va su gdn bfl trfin dinh ntti cao nhdt ctta nui rimg Tdy Bdc vd troF tiianh mOt phin mdu tiijt khflng thfi tach doi ctta mdnh dit httng vT, tiiifing Ufing ma rit myc gin gui, tiidn tiiuong Boi niem vinh quang nhdt ctta mgt dod ngufli Id dugc chifin ddu va hy sinh tiidn minh cho dgc ldp, ty ctta ddn t^c tiong bit ky hoan cdnh ndo Nguyen Quang Bich da Idm dugc difiu dfl 6ng la mOt ttong nhihig ngufli anh httng dang dugc nguong mg nhit Va Uch stt vdn 66 hgc vifit vttng Tdy Bac can ghi nhgn flng nhu ngufli mo ddu tifiu bifiu va xttng, ddng cho van hgc vttng nay, bfli flng khflng phai la mgt ngufli xa la ghe qua Tdy Bac ma fing da dugc phue sinh o noi day, sfing vd viet ttong mua rimg, bdo Iu, chifin tt|n vd hy sinh mflt each oanh liet ttfin mdnh ddt ma ong nguyfin bdo vfi dfin gigt mau cu6i cttng nay./ V.T Chu thich Theo Tinh luyin vdn hge Viit Nam, tgp 4: Van hpc thl ky XV - XVII, Nxb Khoahpcxahgi, Ha Ngi, 2004, tt.71 Tu lieu va ttich dan tha van bai vilt dfiu liy ttt cufin A^^ Phong va Tugng Phong , tap "Dinh Nguyin Hodng gidp Nguyin Quang Bich", Nxb Van hpc, 2013 GS Dinh Xuan Ldm chii bien, PGS.TS Trin Thj Bang Thanh hieu dinh Ban chtt Han dugc IttuttO-tgi Vi^n Nghien cttu Han Nom, ky hifiu VHv 2072 Ngu Phong vd Tugng Phong, tgp "Dinh nguyen Hodng gidp Nguyin Quang B/cft", sdd,tr 353 Ngu Phong vd Tugng Phong, tgp "Dinh nguyin Hodng gidp Nguyin Quang S/c/)",sdd,U 285 Hgp tuyen vdn hge trung dgi Viit Nam dhi ky X - XIX) tap I, Nxb Giao due, 2004, tt 92 - 93 Ngu Phong vd Tugng Phong, tgp "Dinh nguyen Hodng gidp Nguyen Quang Bfc/i", sdd, tt.23 Xin xem: NguPhongvd TugngPhong thi van tgp, Nxb Van hpc, 1998, U 13 Theo ban djch cua Hu? Chi cuon: Nguyin Quang Bich nhd yiu nude, nhd tha, Nxb Khoa hpc xd hfli Ha Npi, 1994,tt.231  ... NGUYEN QUANG BJCH - NHA THO LON, tiio Vfli thien nhifin va ngufld mifin bifin vien Tfl qufic EJieu sdu sac cua A'gM- Phong thi vdn lgp Id qua nhung bttc ttanh phong cdnh don so, gidn di, qua nhirng... Ngu Phong vd Tugng Phong, tgp "Dinh nguyen Hodng gidp Nguyen Quang Bfc/i", sdd, tt.23 Xin xem: NguPhongvd TugngPhong thi van tgp, Nxb Van hpc, 1998, U 13 Theo ban djch cua Hu? Chi cuon: Nguyin Quang. .. Nguyen Quang Bich, ttt dfl ma dan dfin nhttng thay dfii ttong quan nifim thdm my cua flng Da cfl thfi khdng djnh mgt difiu rdng: thien nhifin vd vific mifiu td thien nhifin Ngu Phong thi vdn