^ _ _ ^ _ _ ^ _ A^i/u' ' ^ : - \ AI NET \ E CAC DAN T O C THIEU SO PHIA BAC Dl CU TV l>^ \ AG T.AV N G U \ EN \ A V.AN DE DANG KY H Q KHAU HIEN NAV TS Nguyen Duy Thuy Vien Khoa hoc xa hgi viing Tay Nguygn Tdm t&t: Bdi viil dua mot sd thdng tin ve thuc trgng di ddn tu vdo Tdy Nguyin ldng nhanh chu yiu Id ngirdi ddn ldc thiiu sd phia Bdc tir giua thgp niin 90 cua the ky XX Nhirng khd khdn md nhdm cu ddn ndy gap phdi qud trinh chuyen din nai a mdi cwig nhu nhung phirc lap lir vice di cu lu cita hg ddi v&i qudn ly tdi nguyin, qudn ly xd hgi vd viec ihuc hiin ki hogch phdt triin kinh le - xd hgi ciia cdc dia phuang Trin ca sd do, bdi viit de xudt hudng gidi quyit cho ddng ky- hd khdu cua dong bdo cdc ddn tgc thiiu sd phia Bdc di cu vdo cdc tinh Tdy Nguyin hien Tir khda: Ddng ki- hg khdu, Tdy \'guyen ddn tdc thieu so phia Bdc, di cu tu Ngdy nhdn bdi: 12/4/2020; ngdy gin phdn biin: 29/4/2020; ngdy duyet ddng: 30/5/2020 Dan nhap Trong khoing mudi nam dau sau giii phdng hoin loan mien Nara (1975 - 1986), ngoai sd dan cu, lao ddng tit nhieu linh, phd chuyen den Tiy Nguyen theo ke hoaeh eiia Nha nude phyc vy phat trien kinh te - xi hdi, bao dam an ninh qudc phdng, cdn cd mpt bp phan dan cu la cac dan ldc thieu sd (DTTS) tir phia Bic chuyin vao theo hinh thiic di eu frr (DCTD) Dac biel, tir 1986 den ddng DCTD vao Tiy Nguyen diln manh me, phirc lap Ben eanh mat ticb cyc la gop phin tang them cac ngudn lyc phal triln kinh tl - xa hdi viing Tiy Nguyen DCTD ciing lam niy sinh nhilu he luy, dd tiim in cie mdi lo ngai lien quan den quan he tdc ngudi, frit ty an ninh chinh tri, xa hdi, qudc phdng mi cic linh thupc Tay Nguyen khdng the xii ly rapt sdm mpt chilu Thuc lc dd ddi hdi Dang va Nha nudc sam ban hinh eic chinb sach quan ly dan DCTD bgp hien, hgp phap Cac chinh sach cin dugc xiy dyng tren ea sd luan cu luin diem khoa hpc \ i thyc tien cd nhtrng chinb sich lien quan den cdng tac dang ky thtrong tni \a eip sd hd khiu cho cac hg ngudi DTTS phia Bic DCTD din Tay Nguyen ddng vai ird frpng tam de thyc hien cac chinh sich dan tdc, chinh sich an sinh va quan lv xi hpi bien phap dn djnh va nang cao chal lugng ddi sdng ngudi dan DCTD, thiic day su obit trien chung ciia loan vimg theo hudng dn dinh vi ben virng Tgp chi Ddn ldc bgc sd3 - 2020 I Thuc trang di cu ty va tinh hinh dang ky ho khau cua cac dan tdc thieu so phia Bic vao Tay Nguyen tir 1995 den Sau nam 1975, ddng ngudi DCTD tdi Tiy Nguyen bit diu dien vdi quy md nhd le frong nhimg nim dau, nhung tir cudi nhiing nam 1980 dien vdi sd lupmg Idn vi nhanh \e ldc dp Trudc tinh hinh do, Thii tudng Chinh phu di ban hanh Chi thi sd 660/TTg, ngiy 17/10/1995 "Ve giii quyel tinh trang din DCTD den Tiy Nguyen va mpt sd tinh khic" Chi ihj sau dupe trien khai thye hien co lam cho tinh frang dan DCTD giam din, nhung khdng dupc ngan chan triet de Theo thdng ke ciia Ban Chi dao Tay Nguyen, ehi tinh hi nam 2005 din 2017, tdng sd din DCTD din dia bin la 25.732 hd vdi 91.703 khiu, chu yeu la ddng bao cac din tpc mien niii phia Bac, lrong dd: tinh Kon Tum cd 7.243 hd vdi 21.708 khiu; linh Gia Lai 6.250 hd vdi 23.624 khiu; tinh Dik Ndng 5.391 hd vdi 8.038 khiu; tinh Lam Ddng 3.862 hg vdi 14.639 khiu; va tinh Dik Lik 2.986 hd vdi 8.038 khiu (Ban Chi dao Tiy Nguyen, 2017, fr 2) Nhiing nam dau the ky XXI, Dang, Nha nudc va chinh chuyen dja phuang cac cap ban hanh hang loat quyet dinh, phdi hgp chit che nham giai quyet van de dan DCTD tir noi khac den Vi vay, tinh hinh din DCTD den Tiy Nguyen di giam ve sd lugng vi tdc nhung van rat phtrc tap, khd kiem soit Sd din DCTD la ngudi DTTS chiem khoang 60%, chii yeu tap trung vao cic tinh Kon Tum, Dak Ndng Hinh ihiic di cu khdng d at nliu giai doan trudc mi chia thanli timg nhdm nhd hoic theo hinh thirc vio Ihira ngudi thin rdi d lai Dia ban xuit cu chu yeu tir cic tinh mien niii phia Bic nhu Hi Giang, Tuyen Quang, Lao Cai, Lang Son, Dien Bien, Bic Kan, Yen Bii, Ly xual cu chii yeu dieu kien sin xuat va ddi sdng kinh te d cic linh mien niii phia Bic qua khd khan, ddi mii ddc, dat eanh tic it va bj suy thoai, sin xuit khdng thuin lgi, dieu kien ty nhien khic nghiet, ben canh cung cd mdt sd il hi nguyen nhin tdn giio Trong d Tay Nguyen, dieu kien dat dai phi hgp vdi hoat dpng sin xuat ndng nghiep, nen hang chuc nam qua vung dit niy phai tiep nhin mdt sd lugng khdng Id ngirdi dan DCTD LL Ve tinh hinh sdp xep, on dinh dan di cir tir Nhin ehung ei tinh Tiy Nguyen deu li diem ndng ve dan DCTD Tinh Dak Ndng cd khoing 38.191 hd vdi 173.973 khiu di den dia phuomg bing dudng din DCTD tir sau nam 1975 din nay, dd da dn djnh ddi sdng 26.680 bd vdi 122.220 khiu; chua dugc bd tri, sip xip dn dinh cudc sdng la 11.511 hd vdi 51.753 khiu Ciing frong thai gian nay, 59.616 hp vdi 290.241 khiu khip ci nudc DCTD din Dik Lik Tai Kon Tum, lit nam 2005 2016, sd lugng din DCTD din tinh la 7.243 hd vdi 21.708 khiu Tai Lam Ddng, giai doan 2005 - 2017 din DCTD tdi la 2.195 hd vdi 7.183 nhin khiu: phin Idn nhimg ngudi DCTD sinh sdng d frong rimg, ven rimg va xen ghep tai cac thdn, bin \Ting sau, viing xa lai cac huyen Di Linh, Dam Rdng, Bio Lam, Lac Duong, Tai Gia Lai giai doan 2005 - 2019 cd 6.398 hg vdi 24,171 khiu di din ty tap trung tai huyen Mang Yang, Chu Puh, Pbu Thien, Dak Doa, Kdng Chro (Ban Chi dao Tay Nguyen, 2017, fr 3) Tai mdt >u dia phuang a Tay Nguyen hien vin cdn la cac dilm ndng DCTD m^^ '^'^"" hinh li hu\cn Tu\' Dire, tinh Dik Ndng Tir nam 2005 din 2017 sd din DCTD din sinh song fren dia bin huyen la 2.384 hd 9.344 nhan khau Tinh trang dan DCTD vugt tim kiem soat d i anh budng din an ninh trii tu tren dia bin Nhieu nim nay, fren dia ban buy?n da xuSl hipn cac bing nhdm tpi pham, chiem dal va phi rimg sau dd bin cho ngudi tir nai khac den Cong an d i khdi td 47 vu bit va xir ly 148 ddi tupng lien quan den cic vy phi rimg, bao kc thu tien, cudp doat dit dai v i xir ly fren 5.000ha dat rung bj pha trii phep (Cdng an tinh Dak Ndng, 2019, fr 5) Tai tinh Lam Ddng, diem ndng Ii ling Mdng Tay San d x i Lieng S"rdnh, huyen Dam Rdng Tai linh Dik Lik cd mpl sd diera d eac huyen Ea Sup Cu Mgar va Ea Kar Rieng huyen Ea Sup ed ldi 787 hd vdi ban 4.100 khiu, chilm 45% tdng sd dan DCTD din 10 huy?n, th! frong tinh giai doan 2005 - 2017 (din theo Bao Nhan dan, 2020) Theo bao cao cua Bd Ndng nghiep va Phat trien ndng thdn, fren dja bin Tiy Nguyen hien cdn 11.642 hg dan dan DCTD dang sdng phan tan, chua dupe bd fri, sip xep dn dinh vao cac vimg du in Trong sd dd nhieu hd sdng d ven bia v i viing I5i ciia rimg phdng hg, rimg dac dung Tinh trang chat p h i rimg liy dit san xuit thudng xuyen xay Ddi sdng cua cae hd dan gap nhieu khd khan, phin ldn chua dii dieu kien de ed the ding ky hd khiu va lim cac giiy td tiiy than khac cho nen chua dupe hudng cac chinh sach an sinh xa hgi; thieu dat d, dat sin xuat, thieu nudc va dien sinh boat, nai d tara bg, khdng dn djnh, chua cd viec lam; ty le ddi ngheo cao, tiem an nhieu yeu td phiic tap ve trat ty, tri an; 1.2 Tinh hinh ddng ky hg khdu Nhting vudng mac ve linh hinh dang ky hp khiu lap trung d ba tinh Dik Lik, DSk Ndng va Lam Ddng Theo bao cao thdng ke ciia cic linh ndi tren cho bill: tinh Dik Lik din nam 2018 1,525 hp chua dugc nhap khau, chii yeu li ngudi Hmdng, tap trung d cic huyen Krdng Bdng Lik, Ea Sup, Krdng Pic, M'Drik (Sd Ndng nghiep v i Phat triln ndng thdn Chi cue Phat trien ndng thdn (2018): tinh Dik Ndng cdn 1.860 hd chua dugc nhip kliau lap trung d cac huyen Dik Giong, Tuy Dire, Krdng Nd, Dik Song, thinh phin dan ldc cbua nhap khau d Dak Ndng da dang ban gdm ngudi Dao, Tay, Hmdng, Nimg, Mudng, Thai (Cdng an linh Dik Ndng 2019 fr 5); tai Lam Ddng, din cdn 320 hd vdi 1.725 khau DCTD d cac tieu kbu 179 181, 197 v i 198 (khu vyc Tay Scm) xa Lieng S'Rdnh, huyen Dam Rdng van chua dugc giai quyel hp khiu 6^ dn dinh cugc sdng (Thdng tin xa Viet Nam 2019) Mac dil cic tinh da va dang nd luc xay dung quy hoach, trien kbai cac du an nhim b l tri dn dinh dan DCTD nhung tinh trang niy van chua giii quyet triet de 1.3 Thuc trgng ddi sdng hien ctia cdc ddn tgc thiiu sd phia Bdc di cw tw chua cd hd khau d Tdy "Sgiiyen Hoal dgng san xuat cua da sd ddng bao DCTD la ndng nghiep, trinh canh tic cdn thip cic bien phap khoa hpc ky thuat chua dupc ap dyng nhieu vio san xuat, Ben canh dd sdng bict lap co so tang d mgl sd nai cdn rat thieu v i yeu, nhil li ducmg giao thd nen sin xuit chua phil trien nhieu noi cdn tri hinh thirc ty cung tu cip; dcri song tinh th" Tgp chi Ddn tdc hgc sd'3 - 2020 cdn nhieu khd khan, thieu thdn Nhieu khu vyc, ty Ie hp ngheo rat cao nhu huyen Tuy Diic (tinh Dik Ndng), ty le hd ngheofrongddng bao DTTS thudc DCTD chilmfren68% Nhung hp chua nhip khiu chii yeu cu tni d viing loi cua cac khu vyc rimg phdng hp hoic da cd quy hoaeh ba loai ning nen khd khanfrongedng tic di ddi hoac sip xip cic du an dn djnh dan DCTD Hiu het bp cu tni xa tmng tim, cd nai din 20km nhu khu vyc thdn Ea Rdt (xa Cu Pui, huyen Krdng Bdng, tinh Dak Lik); khu vyc sudi Phen (xa Quang Hda); khu vuc thac 12 (xa Dik R'ming) thudc huyen Dik Long; khu vyc thdn Phii Vinh (xi Quang Phii) thupc huyen Krdng Nd, tinh Dik Ndng Dudng sa di Iai hel sire khd khan vio miia mua, nhdm cu dan niy hau nhu it giao tiep chinh thirc vdi chinb quyen dia phucmg va cac quan he xi hpi ben ngoai Ty lefreemfrongdp mdi dugc den frudng thip; ty Ie ngudi thit hgc, mii chu cao; tinhfrangdu canh, du cu van dien thudng xuyen d mdt sd tpc ngudi, nhat li ngirdi Hmdng; ty le sinh thir ba trd len, nan tio bdn khdng ngimg gia tang; Trong qui trinh chuyen cu qua nhieu dja phucmg khac nhau, giiy td tiiy than ciia ngudi di cu bi that lac, hoac klidng thyc hien thii tue eat, chuyen khau nen khd khan cho viec nhap hg khau Vi vay, d nhiing nai ngudi dan lap ling tu phat khdng cd hinh thirc td chiic thdn, buon, nhu mpt sd cyra din cu d xa Quing Phu (huyen Krdng Nd); cac cum dan cu d cie xi Dak Rming, xa Quang Hda (huyen Dik Giong) ciing thugc tinh Dik Ndng Tai cic cym din cu sau nhieu nam sinh sdng, dti da lim vudn, dyng nha ciia dn djnh, nhmig ngudi din nai day vin chua the thyc hien quyen cdng dan mpt each day dti va dung nghia bdi viec nhip cu cdn nhieu vudng mic Nhieu lin, huyen kien nghj len cip cd tham quyen nhim quy ho^eh, bd tri nhimg ho dan di cu dn djnh cupc sdng nhung hau bet cac hg chi dugc cap giay tam tni Chinh quyen dja phuang nhieu noi cho rang, day la van de nan giai, vi ve nguyen lac huyen khdng cd tham quyen nhan hay khdng nhin nliiing hp dan niy, mi phai chd quyet djnh cbinh thuc cua tinh mdi cd the giai quyet triet de; trudc mat huyen linh dpng tao dieu kien cho ngudi dan sinh boat, hgc tip vi chiia benh, Huyen ciing da phdi hgp vdi nhirng noi cd dan chuyen di de giai quyet tinh frang niy nhung khdng dat hieu qui cao Viec ngudi DTTS tir cac tinh vimg nui phia Bac DCTD vio vimg Tay Nguyen khdng CO sd hp khau va cic giiy td than Iam cho cac nhdm dan cu khd cd the thyc hien quyen va nghTa vy ciia cdng dan mdt cich diy dii ciing nhu thy hudng cac chinh sach cua Nha nudc tilp can cic djch vy xa hgi (y le, giio dye, tiep can thdng tin), hg sdng dieu kien hit siic kbd khin: khdng dien, khdng nudc sach, xa dudng giao thdng, he tbdng y te va trudng hgc khd dugc tilp can Hg khdng the Iim cac loai giiy td thiet yeu cho cu tni (chimg minh nhin dan, sd hd khiu, khdng tbi ding ky ket hdn, khdng the lira giay khai sinh cho con) He lyy cua vin dl niy khdng chi anli hudmg den chit lirgng ddi sdng hien tai cua cac hg gia dinh mi cdn inh hudng den ca the he cii sau niy, nd nhu mgt vdng luin quin, keo dai tir the he sang thi he khac Ching ban d xa Cu Pui (huyen Krdng Bdng, tinh Dak Lak), tit nam 2000, ddng bao cac DTTS phia Bic d at DCTD vao vimg ddi niii thupc cac thdn Ea Udi, Ea Rdt, Ea Bar dti ddi sdng cdn ngheo va khd khin bic nhit frong tinh nhung lai dan dau ve 56 Wgtiyinmj^ ty 1? sinh de Nhieu phii nii cd dp mdi 30 - 32 nhung da la mp cua diia con, nhilu nguiri chua den 40 mdi da len ehiic dng, chtic bi Tinh trang niy eiing diln k h i phd biln d mpt sd dan tdc DCTD din cic tinh Lim Ddng Kon Tum Gia Lai v i Dik Ndng Nhung kho khan, vudmg mac cong tac dang ky hp khau 2.L Vdn de qudn ly ngwdi di cw Phan ldn cic hd dan DCTD den Tiy Nguyen deu eanh tic, cu tni bit bgp pbap tren dit ndng nghiep, lam nghiep thupc quin ly ctia cac cdng ty ndng nghiep, lam nghiep tren dja ban v i n de dit d diy la d mdt sd khu vyc nliiing hd da eu trix fren 15 nam, ddi sdng da kbi dn dinh, ciy frdng fren dil v i n h i ctia da dugc kien cd hda, da ty lap thinh cac thon, bin Mdi khu vyc cd khoang 30 - 50 hd din, vay vai frd v i frich nhiem cua ngudi quin ly ma cy Ihl la eic edng ty nong nghiep, lira nghiep den dau? Tinh trang franh chap dit dai giua ngudi din va cac cdng ty ndng, lira nghiep kha phd bien d rapt sd dja b i n nhu xa Vy Bdn (huyen Krdng Pic, tinh Dik Lik), xa Quing San (huyen Tuy Dtic, linh Dik Ndng), Kit qui khao sat tai nhieu dia phuang eho thay, cie cdng ty ndng, lam ngbiep tai cic dja bin edn long leo frong edng tic kiem tra, giim sit v i quin ly; chi cd vy viec ndi len chinh quyen mdi biet cd diem dan cu niy de giii quyet tbi fren thyc te ngudi dan d d i y d i sdng dn dinh Dieu dd ddng nghia vdi viec ehinh quyen dja phuang khdng phit hien, xir ly kip thdi Lanh dao cic dja phuang cho ring, cie edng ty ndng nghiep, lim nghiep chi dimg lai d vi?c kiera lra, bao eio ket qua edn xir ly vi pham la trieh nhiem ciia dja phuang, frong dit dai lai khdng thupc dien dja phuang quin ly Dieu gay khd khan cdng tic quin Iy cting nhu giii quyel eic vi phara lien quan den cdng lac quin Iy dan DCTD 2.2 Van de qudn ly dat dai Ddi vdi dal cic edng ty ndng ngbiep, lim nghiep cd ngudn gdc tir cie ndng frudng, lam trudng qudc doanh trudc day cin phii xac lip "dit cd cbii", trinh d l linh trang khdng rd ring ve ranh gidi din den tranh chip, khieu kien, nic phii dae d l lap hd so quin ly Ben canh cac chinh sach khdng cdn phii hgp cin dugc bai bd, nhu Chi thj sd 39/2004/CTTTg 12'! 1/2004 ctia Thii tudng Chinh phii v l mot sd chu truang, giai phip tilp fric giii quyet tinh trang dan DCTD da khdng cdn bgp ly, song cac tinh Tay Nguyen vin ap dung chi lhi Viec quan ly dat cua cac ndng trudng, lam trudng ylu kem, din din tinh trang tranh chip Ian ehiem dat rimg, ngudi din frr y pha rimg lira ray, chuyen nhugng trai phep , dan den tranh chap dat dai Trong kbi, nhieu dja phucmg khdng cd quy dit bd iri cho dan DCTD thi nhieu lim trudng, ndng trudng Iai cd qua nhilu dit va sir dung khdng hieu qua Do quan Iy ycu kem din den ngudn lyc dit dai ciia ndng trudng, lam trudng bj dan lin chiira xim canli din tdi franh chap rat ga>' gat nhu d cac huyen Tuy Due, Dik Giong (tJnh Dik Ndng); Ea Sup Krdng Pac Cu Mgar (tinh Dik Lik), Dam Rdng (tinh Lam Ddng) Sa Thiv (tinh Kon Tum) Vi vay cin xac dinh rd trich nhiem cua cic dan vi quin ly, sir dyng dien tich dil bj lin chiem niy de cd the xii ly dupc tan gdc vin dl Tgp chi Ddn tdc hgc sd3 - 2020 2.3 Cong tdc n&m iinh hinh dan di cir tw Viec nim tinh hinh dan DCTD, quin ly nhin khiu, hp khiu tai rapt sd dja bin cdn cham Ire, khdng chit che, dan den viec phit hien, xii ly chua friet de, din di cu den mgt ddng, khiln tuih hinh cang frd nen phiic tap ban Cd nhiing dia bin nhu thdn Ea Rdt (xa Cu Pui, huyen Krdng Bdng, tinh Dik Lak) hoae khu vye sudi Phen (xi Quing Hda, huyen Dik Giong, tinh Dak Ndng), dan den Iam lin trai, lim nhi sinh sdng dugc - nira chinh quyin dja phuong mdi phit hien Hien nay, d nhieu dja phucmg, eic hd din DCTD da eu tni fren 15 nim nhung vin chua giii quyet duge vin de dit dal de lay dieu kien eip sd hp khiu Dieu dang ehii y bdi einh nay, chinh quyen dja phuang da hgp thiie hda dat bit hgp phip; tu dd nhieu sai pham xiy ra, din DCTD thiy dugc hudng lgi nen thdng lin eho ngudi than, ba con, hp hang tdi nhip cu ngiy cang ddng Day ciing li mpt lrong nhiing nguyen nhin din den khd khin frong viec thyc hien cac dy in sip xep, dn djnh din DCTD cung nhu cdng lic quan ly nhan, hd khau cua dja phuang Nhiing khd khin, vudng mac dupe nhieu dja phuong de cap den la ngudn vdn de phan bo cho cac dy in dn djnh din DCTD vi thieu hyl quy dit Theo nhieu lanh dao dja phuong, khd khin ve vdn thi da qua ro, thicu vdn nen mgt sd dy in sap xep, dn djnb din DCTD chua dugc trien khai Rieng viec bd tri chd d, dal san xuit ciia dan DCTD chic chin lien quan den ning vi dit rimg, khdng cd khu quy hoach nio cd sin de bd tri Phan ldn y kien de nghj li tai djnh eu tai vi tri bi di chpn; song mudn lam dugc dieu dd thi dit d, dal sin xuit phii chuyen doi hi dat rimg, viec chuyen ddi muc dich su dung dit rimg la khdng kbi thi Do viy, rat khd khanfrongviec dn dinh noi cu tni vi cip sd hp khau cho dan DCTD Viec xac rainh nai d cua din DCTD gap khd khan hg di chuyen, sinh sdng qua nhieu noi hoac cd nhieu ngudi khdng mang theo giay td tiiy than Theo tap quin, cac DTTS d mien niii phia Bae di du canh, du cu qua nhieu tinh, chang ban tir Hi Giang di eu sang Di?n Bien rdi mdi chuyen vao Tay Nguyen Khi den Tiy Nguyen, hg vin tiep tuc du cu qua nhilu diem khie nhau, ching ban dng Hoing Dua Pi (nay tni tai thdn Phti Vinh, xa Quing Phii, huyen Krdng Nd, tinh Dik Ndng) cho biet, dng di cu tir nam 1997 vao huyen Krdng Bdng (tinh Dik Lik), sau lim an khdng thuin Ipi nen nim 2003 di sang xa Quang San (huyen Dik Long, tinh Dik Ndng), nira 2007 tiep tuc di cu den xi Quang Phii hien Viec di eu qua nhieu dja bin khae lai khdng ding ky tam tni, ihudng tni nen khd khin frong cdng tic quin ly ciing nhu viec xie minh Iy Ijch Mat khac, Luat Cu tni dang ap dung hien cd nhieu diem khdng phii hgp vdi tinb hinh thye tiln tai dja phuomg vi cd sy chdng cheo giira cac bp, nganh, nhu giiia Bd Cdng an va Bp Tii nguyen vi Mdi trudng Nhieu dja phuang cho ring, sy ring bupc giira quin ly dat dai va ngudi khien cac dia phuang gap nhieu khd khin giai quyet van de sd hg khiu eho ngudi din va cic van de an sinh xi hpi khac 3 .Mot so giai phap nham giai quyet van de dang ky hp khiu cho c i c dan l(>«-"'""' sd di cu ty den Tay Nguyen Thif nhdl mdt nhirng giii phap quan trgng li phdi hgp vdi noi xuat cu nham lu^ng budc ngin chin, giii qu\et triet de ddng DCTD vao Tay Nguyen frong thdi gian tdi Muon lim dugc dieu can cd sy vao cudc mpt each ddng bd tir Tnmg uang den dia phuang, lu cic tinh cd dan di ciing nhu cac linh cd din den Chinh phii cd the thinh lap Ban giii quyel vin d l DCTD hoac Ban dinh canh, djnh eu nhu da timg ed Dung diu ea quan phii li ngudi cd dil quyen dii frgng trach de thyc hien (Phd Thii tudng chang ban), chi dao cho cic linh (linh cd ngudi xuat cu va tinb cd ngudi nhap cu) bang nhieu giii phap - Ddi vdi cac tinh cd ngudi din xuit cu can dtra nhiing chinh sach phat trien kinh te phll hgp d l In dinh eu tni cho ddng bao DTTS tai dia phuang minh, nhu d i o lao nghe, chuyin ddi, da dang hda cac loai hinh sinh ke de dam bao ddi sdng kinh te - x i hpi eho hp - Ddi vdi cac linh Tiy Nguyen ed din nhip cu, tiep tyc thyc hien cic Dy i n dn djnh dan DCTD tai cho (noi hp dang sdng) hoac xay dyng cic dy an bd tri, xen ghep v i o nhung thdn, budn da dn djnh tir frudc, phai thyc hien quyet liet, friet de, cting rin va cd hieu qua eic dy an Lam dugc viec niy thi vin de sd hp khau ve co ban se dugc giii quyet Thir hai tang cudng quan ly, sir dyng hieu q u i dal dai cua c i c cdng ty ndng nghiep, lam nghiep, xii ly din diem va khdng de tai dien cac vy viec vi pham, khieu nai, tranh chap, lan chiem giiia din DCTD v i eac cdng ty ndng nghiep, Iam nghiep Can thiet phai xem xet lai frach nhiem ciia cac cdng ty trich nhiera htiii ban, cic cdng ly ndng, lam nghiep ed ngudn gdc tir ndng trudng, lim trudng frong viec quin Iy phan dien tich dugc N h i nuac giao quin Iy va sir dung Dac biet, phai cd che tii dii manh de xir ly, giii quyet friet d l va du sire ran de ddi vdi cac doanh nghiep khac Ching han, thu hdi nhtrng dien tich dit dai cua cie cdng ty ndng nghicp lam nghiep sir dyng khdng hieu qua; dua cac hinh thiic xir Iy nghiem vdi nhirng trudng hgp vi pham viee quin ly va sir dyng dit rimg, lao ke hd eho din DCTD xam eanh, lan chiem phil liien va xir ly chim trd Dua cac chl tii niy 6k nhiing cdng ty nhin nhan dung frach nhiem ciia minh quin ly, sir dung dit, tir giim thiiu tinh frang xam canh lin chiem, tranh chap dit dai giua cac cdng ty va dan DCTD Thu cac tinh nen xem xet lai quy hoach ba loai rirng va can cd chti truong thu hdi dien tich dat sir dyng khdng hieu qui dang thudc quyen quin ly cua cie cdng ty trach nhiem htiru ban hoac cac cdng ty ndng nghiep lam ngbiep giao cho dia phucmg quan ly d l thuc hien cic Dy in bd tri dn dinh dan DCTD d nhirng khu vuc bit hgp pbap chua dang ky duac hd khau cie \iing quy hoach din cu Ddi vdi sd dan dang sdng vimg xuna ylu trone dicm \ img ldi ciia rimg phong hd rimg dac dung, cin cd bien pbap xir Iy, kicn quyit dua khoi rung de bd tri vao dy an theo quy hoaeh Thu lu bdi cinh hien na> di- cd the cap sd hg khau cho cac hp dan nham dc d' hom frong cdng lic quan ly lai dia phuang cung nhu ngudi din cd the giao dich mot •' h Tgp chi Ddn rdc hgc.'id'3 -2020 diuan lgi, cd dilu kien thy hudmg nhiing ehinh sich phit trien kinh te - xa hdi, nen ed su tach bi?t rd ring giua sd hiiu tii sin (dit dai va n h i d) v i ding ky sd hd khau Bdi le, bin thin hg la nhiing ngudi phii gin cho mdt danh phan rd ring tbdng qua sd hg khau v i chting minh nhan dan (cd the gpi Ii m i dinh danh ca nhan) m i khdng can den viec phai cd dit d nhi d hgp phap nhu quy djnh ciia Luit Cu tni hien Ket luan Thuc te ddi sdng khd khan cua ngudi dan cac DTTS phia Bac DCTD vio Tay Nguyen cung nhtimg phuc tap quin ly xa hpi ddi vdi bd phan cu dan cho thay, van de dang ky hp khiu cho hg la rat quan frgng De lim dugc cdng viec do, thdi gian tdi can cd he thdng chinh sich vT md va su hd trp ddng bd tir Trung ucmg den dia phuang Tmng ucmg can bo Iri kinh phi kip Ihdi de cac tinh Tay Nguyen cd ngudn vdn hoin thinh nhung dy in hien cdn dang dd, de sdm bd fri, sip xep dn djnh ddi sdng dan cu Quan tam dau tu ngan sich cbo cac dia phuang li nhiing nai di de phit trien kinh te, nang cao ddi sdng, dn dinh dan cu tai chd, nhim giira luc day de ngudi dan khdng rdi klidi dia phuang den noi d mdi Cac bp, nganh tmng uong can cd hudng din kjp thdi, Iinh hoat, phii hgp vdi dieu kien cu the ciia timg dia phuang de cic tinh cd dan DCTD den cd the quan ly dan cu tdt ban ve mat phap luat qua viec dang ky hp khau; ddng thdi ngudi dan ciing dugc thy hudng cic che dp, chinh sach eua Dang, Nha nudc theo quy dinh Tai lieu tham khao Ban Chi dao Tay Nguyen (2017), Bdo cdo kit qua khdo sdt tinh hinh bo tii, on dinh ddn di cu tu Ban Chi dao Tay Nguyen (2017), Bdo cdo torn (dt Tinh hinh vd gidi phdp gidi quyit vdn de di cu tu tir cdc tinh mien niu phia Bdc vdo Tdy Nguyen Cdng an tinh Dik Ndng (2019), Bdo cdo ket qua khdo sdt tinh hinh ddn di cu tu ciia ddng bdo ddn lgc thiiu so phia Bdc di cu vdo dnh Ddk Ndng tir nam 2004 den Sd Ndng nghiep v i Phit triln ndng thdn Dik Lak, Chi cyc Phit trien ndng thdn (2018), Bieu thdng ki tinh hinh ddng k}> hg khdu cita ngirdi Mong tren dia bdn tinh UBND tinli Dik Ndng (2019), Bdo cdo tinh hinh thuc hien bo tri, sdp xip on dinh ddn di cu tu tren dia bdn tinh Ddk Ndng Bao Nhin din, https://nhandan.com.vn/xahoi/item/34918602-thuc-trang-dan-di-cuUi-do-tai-tay-nguyen-ky-I.html (Truy cap 12/2/2020) Bio tin tiic, https://baotinUic.vn/chinh-phu-voi-nguoi-dan/on-dinh-doi-song-dan-dicu-m-do-tai-lam-dong-20190129I82246882.htm (Tmy cap ngiy 12/2/2020) ... vdi 173.973 khiu di den dia phuomg bing dudng din DCTD tir sau nam 1975 din nay, dd da dn djnh ddi sdng 26.680 bd vdi 122.220 khiu; chua dugc bd tri, sip xip dn dinh cudc sdng la 11.511 hd vdi... ddn di cu tu Ban Chi dao Tay Nguyen (2017), Bdo cdo torn (dt Tinh hinh vd gidi phdp gidi quyit vdn de di cu tu tir cdc tinh mien niu phia Bdc vdo Tdy Nguyen Cdng an tinh Dik Ndng (2019), Bdo cdo... gian nay, 59.616 hp vdi 290.241 khiu khip ci nudc DCTD din Dik Lik Tai Kon Tum, lit nam 2005 2016, sd lugng din DCTD din tinh la 7.243 hd vdi 21.708 khiu Tai Lam Ddng, giai doan 2005 - 2017 din