Analysis of homesteading in Roosevelt County Montana

University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 1986 Analysis of homesteading in Roosevelt County, Montana Keith B Jensen The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits you Recommended Citation Jensen, Keith B., "Analysis of homesteading in Roosevelt County, Montana" (1986) Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers 1534 https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/1534 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana For more information, please contact scholarworks@mso.umt.edu COPYRIGHT ACT OF 1976 THIS IS AN UNPUBLISHED MANUSCRIPT IN WHICH COPYRIGHT SUB­ SISTS ANY FURTHER REPRINTING OF ITS CONTENTS MUST BE APPROVED BY THE AUTHOR MANSFIELD LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA DATE : 198 AN ANALYSIS OF HOMESTEADING IN ROOSEVELT COUNTY, MONTANA by Keith B Jensen Montana College of Mineral Science & Technology, 197^ Professional Paper Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA 1986 Approved "by: Chairm Dceui, u -J.duuo.uc ^JA.K7s Date' ji-uuux £ / iXill UMI Number: EP36090 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion UMT Dissertation Publishing UMI EP36090 Published by ProQuest LLC (2012) Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC All rights reserved This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code ProQuest* ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 Statement of Purpose The homestead era is of particular interest to me My grandfathers, Benjamin Harrison Spencer of Expanse and Oscar Jensen of McCabe, were two of the thousands of individuals who came to present-day Roosevelt County, Montana during the first two decades of the Twentieth Century Their struggle, along with that of their cohorts, against seemingly insur­ mountable odds developed the foundations of an agricultural economy Several historians have written about the Homesteader Era in Montana Century Montana; Such books as K Ross Toole's TwentiethA State of Extremes and Michael Malone's and Richard Roeder's Montana: discuss the era A History of Two Centuries Two other works which merit attention are Joseph Kinsey Howard's Montana: High, Wide, and Handsome and Mary Wilma Hargreaves' Dry Farming in the Northern Great Plains 1900-1925 The conclusions regarding homesteading reached in the above studies are generalized and refer in most cases to all of the area between the Rockies and the Dakota line These broad-based assertions include the following: (1) A large number of homesteaders were foreign born (2) Railroads and settlement associations played an important role during the period (3) Most of the homesteaders had little farming ex­ perience (4) The failure rate was extremely high (5) Most ii of those who left r.oved farther west or into Canada In the fall of 1973 -./hile attending a ontar.a History seminar, Professor "oole suggested to me that an intensive study of homesteading in Northeastern ontana v/ould prove to be of value It was at that time that I began to plan a sys­ tematic study of that area The major goal at its inception was to find out the destination of those homesteaders who left the area between 1918 and 1922 Before I could find out who had left and where they had gone, I had to know who had been there in the first place It was while compiling a list of all the original filers which I found in the Historical Library at Helena that a second idea occurred filing I decided to analyze the outcome of each fhis effort was directed at finding the specific success and failure rate within the county V/ith the help of a small computer, I was able to correlate the numerous entries recorded in the land records and to establish a failur success ratio for Roosevelt County Count?/ Origins Prior to its formation in 1919» the area had first been a part of Valley County and then of Sheridan County ?or clarity, this paper refers to the area as being that of Roose­ velt County (see Maps A-C, pages iv-v) COUNTY DEVELOP®? MAP A BLAINE 1889 SHERIDAN VALLEY RICHLAND DAWSON 1913 iv j THE FINAL SPLIT DANIELS LAINE 1912 PHILLIPS VALLEY 1913 SHERIDAN 1920 1913 1893 ROOSEVELT 1919 McCONE RICHLAND 1919 FERGUS DAWSON GARFIELD ETROLEUM 1870 _r— MAP C 1919 v TABLE c? CONTENTS Chanter Fare Preface ii Cne Phases of Entry Two The Government' s Pole 10 Three A Piling Analysis 36 Four Noving On 43 Five The Survivors 52 Appendixes Appendix A Source Analysis 53 Appendix B Fort Peck Indian Reservation 59 Appendix C County Communities 60 Appendix D Soil Distribution 61 Appendix E Relative Rainfall 1905-1923 63 Apnendix F Average U.S 77heat Frices and Exports (I905-I928) " 65 notes 66 Bibliography 73 vi CHART 4: 190 190c 190? 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1913 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 A7ZRAC-Z U.S XiZA? IRICBS AHD ZHPCRTS (190 5-192' PP.ICZ/ZU F RCDUC:IC::(IOOO HUSH) V 75 ?26,319 756,775 637,981 644,656 700,434 635,121 621,338 730,267 763,380 891,019 1,025,801 636,318 636,655 921,438 967,979 333,027 814,905 867,598 797,394 864,428 676,765 831,381 878,374 914,876 £ 36 = 92 93 33 37 76 • CjO 99 = 92 1.60 2.01 2.04 2.15 1.44 93 1.07 92 1.30 1.42 1.20 1.12 97 65 ZAPCRT3 BUSH(1000 100,349 150,594 166,304 115,901 33,465 71,333 78,447 143,938 14-6,306 335,162 239,591 181,067 102,775 276,615 216,671 312,625 265,590 205,079 131,892 254,695 92,669 205,994 190,578 142,301 Preface ^Leota Hoye, ed Roosevelt County' s ' Treasured Rears" ( -eat Falls, Montana, 1976), pp cl-c2 r halter One ^Barney Langer, interview, Scobey, Montana, September 193 • C-eneral Land Office, Bureau of Land Management, Montana Tract Books, Montana office set and Washington D.G set, arranged by legal description (Billings, Mt.: BLM Micro­ films) -^Ibid U ~Hoye, p 125 D, I-eneral Land Office, Montana Tract Books 6Hoye, 7The p 273 Herald (Wolf Point, Mt.) Mews, January 1954 U.S., Department of Agriculture, U.S., Weather Bureau, Glimatological Report: Montana Section Vol 9» p 105 a Milton S Zisenhower, ed., Yearbook of Agriculture 1931 (''Washington D.C.: U.S Government Printing Office, 1931) » p 583 10Ibid ^An Act Making appropriations for the current and con­ tingent expenses of the Indian Department and for fulfilling treaty stipulations with various Indian tribes, Statutes at Large 33» Chap 1402, 195 (1904) ^Culbertson Searchlight, March 1906 l3Itid., March 1906 1^Ibid., April 1906 15Ibid., 15 March 1906 16Ibid., 22 March 1906 17Ibid., 26 April 1906 66 13 Culbertson Searchlight, 2~ August 1905 19Ibid., ' April 1906 or) Ibid., 22 February 1906 21 Poplar Standard, December 1925 Chapter Two ^"An Act to ratify and confirm an agreement with the "ros Ventre, Piegan, Blood, Blackfeet and River Grow Indians in Montana, and for other purposes, Statutes at Large 25 Chap 213, 116 TI£8Fy7 Culbertson Searchlight, August 1904 -^Ibid., January 1906 Ibid., 25 January 1906 -'ibid., 16 February 190? ^U.S., Congress, Senate, A Report for the Survey and Allotment of Lands Now Embraced within the Limits of the Fort Peck Indian Reservation, S.R 202, 60th Congress 1st Sess., 10 February 1908, Senate Reports Vol 7An Act to amend the Act to provide for the allotment of land in severalty to Indians on the various reservation, Statutes at Large Chap 23^8, 183 (1906) g An Act For the Survey and allotment of lands now em­ braced within the limits of the Fort Peck Indian Reservation, and the sale and disposal of all the surplus lands after al­ lotment, Statutes at Large 35, Chap 237, 5^2 (1908j^ 9Ibid., 558 *°General Land Office, Montana Tract Books 11 Great Falls Tribune, September 1963 12Ibid 13 -'U.S., President, Proclamation, "A Proclamation," Statutes at Large 38, 25 July 1913» PP« 1952-4 14 Poplar Standard, 24 December 1915 ^Ibid., 22 October 1914 If) Glasgow Courier 22 October 1914 ^Glasgow Courier, 22 October 1914 18 U.S., Department of Interior, General Land Office, Report of the Commissioner of the General Land Office to the Secretary of the Interior for 1917 p 65 19 An Act to provide for agricultural entries on coal lands, Statutes at Large 36, Chap 318, 583 (1910) 20 Poplar Standard, 15 November 1917 21 An Act providing for second and additional homestead entries, and for other purposes, Statutes at Large 33 Chap 1776, 527~Tr90HT 22 An Act to provide for an enlarged homestead Statutes at Large 35, Chap 160, 639 (190977 23 v An Act to amend an Act entitled "An Act to provide for an enlarged homestead," Statutes at Large 37 Chap 39 ZEE TT913) • 24 An Act to allow additional entries under the Enlarged Homestead Act, Statutes at Large 39» Chap 98, 925 (1917)• 2*5 ^An Act to amend an Act entitled "An Act to provide for an enlarged homestead" by adding a new section known as section seven Statutes at Large 39» Chap 220, 344 (191677 p£ An Act to restore homestead rights in certain cases, Statutes at Large 39» Chap 101, 926 (1917)• 27 'An Act to withdraw certain public lands from private entry, and for other purposes, Statutes at Large 25, Chap 381, 85^1^9) oq Joint Resolution Authorizing temporary leaves of absence for homestead settlers Statutes at Large 34, CNo.4J ,~I5l9 (1907) ^An Act to amend section twenty-two hundred and ninety one and twenty-two hundred and ninety-seven of the Revised Statutes of the United States, Statutes at Large 37» Chap 153, 123 TT9127 •^°An Act to provide for leave of absence for homestead entrymen in one £r two periods Statutes at Large 38, Chap 270, 704 TOW 31 An Act to provide for a leave of absence for homestead entrymen in one or two periods, and for a longer time, Statutes at Large 40, Chap 21, 1153~TT91977^ 32 ^ An Act makir.~ appropriations ior tne Department of Agriculture for 1920, Statutes at Lar'-e 41, Chap 26, 2?0 C1919)33 ^vAn Act to authorize absence by homestead settlers and entrymen, and for other purposes, Statutes at Large 41, Chap 64, 253 TT91^TT 3Z1 J 'An Act Pretending the time for certain homesteaders to establish residence upon their lands, Statutes at Lar^e 3o, Chap 14, 189 (191077 -^Poplar Standard, 20 August 1914 ^A:i Act Authorizing the Secretary of the Interior to classify and appraise unalloted Indian Lands, Statutes at Large 37, Chap 155, 125 (1912) -^Foplar Standard, 13 ray 1915• 38Ibid., 23 October 1915- •^Ibid., 16 December 1915 ^°Ibid., 27 April 1916 ^U.S., Congress, House, Allotment and Sale of Lands on the Port Peck Indian Reservation, H.R 1966, 69th Cong., 2d Sess., 1927, pp 1-3* 49 J , President, Proclamation, "A Proclamation," Statutes at Large 38, 25 July 1913, 1952-4 ^Poplar Standard, 20 August 1914 ^Ibid., 27 April 1916 An Act Providing additional time for the payment of purchase money under homestead entries of lands within the former Fort Peck Indian Reservation, Statutes at Large 39, Chap 1WT99ZTT1917) ^U.S.f Congress, House, Representative Stafford discus­ ses payment extension of (3 5612), 64th Cong., 2d Sess., 19 February 1917, Congressional Record 54: 3622-23 ^Poplar Standard, 27 September 1917 LlQ U.S., Congress, House, Representative Mann comments on extension for homesteaders (S 183) 66th Cong., 2d Sess., December 1919, Congressional Record 59: 7-13* ^9Ibid., p 11 70 ^°U.S., Congress, House, Representative r.lann comments on extension for homesteaders (S 183) 66th Cong., 2d Sess., December 1919, Congressional Record 59: 12 ^Poplar Standard, September 1919 ^2 " An Act nroviding additional time for the payment of purchase money under homestead entries of lands within the former Fort Peck Indian Reservation, Statutes at Larse 2JT7 Chap tfnZ5~TT9lW 53Wolf Point Herald, 21 April 1921 5^Ibid., 13 April 1922 55Ibid ^fs U.S., Congress, House, A Report on Delinquent Home­ steaders on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation H.R 1377, 67th Cong., 4th Sess., 1923, p -^Ibid., p cro An Act to provide for extension of payment on home­ stead entries on ceded lands of the Fort Peck Indian Reser­ vation, Statutes at Large 43, Chap 533 (1925) 59 -^U.S., Congress, House, A Report providing for the Extension of payment on Homestead Entries, Fort Peck Indian Reservation, H.R 131^7 68th Cong., 2d Sess., 1925, p ^Poplar Standard, 13 November 1925 ^*U.S., Department of Interior, General Land Office, Circulars and Regulations of the General Land Office, 1930, pp 712-4 6zu.s., Congress, Senate, A Report on Relief of certain settlers on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation in the State of Montana, S.R 1146, 72d Cong., 2d Sess., 1933, PP« 1-2 ^Herald Newsy 25 April 1940 64 Poplar Standard September 1917 ^Scobey Citizen January 1918 66 Poplar Standard January 1918 ^Ibid., 21 February 1918 /Q Wolf Point Herald 25 April 1918 71 b9-./oir Point Herald, - January 1920 1Q ' An Act I"akin-'; appropriations for the Department of Agriculture for 1922, Statutes at Larve k-1, Chap 127 13^7 11921) n1 ' 7oIf Point Herald, 2o Hay 1921 ^Ibid., 30 March 1922 ^Ibid., 21 August 1919 ^Ibid., 23 October 191975Ibid., 20 April 1922 ^Ibid., 15 March 1923 77 ''Eisenhower, Yearbook of Agriculture, p 583* ^V/olf Point Herald, 15 -"ay 1919 "^Ibid., Inarch 1919 ^Ibid., November 1921 "^"Eisenhower, Yearbook of Agriculture, p 583* Chapter Three "^Poplar Standard, December 1925 ^General Land Office, Montana Tract Books 3Ibid Chapter ?our ^Material used in determining the origins of settlers came from numerous personal interviews and from family histories in Hoye's Roosevelt County's "Treasured Years." Material used in determining the destinations of settlers came from numerous personal interviews and from family histories in Hoye's Roosevelt County's "Treasured Years." -^V/olf Point Herald 15 April 1920 ^Ibid., 15 May 1919vHenry 1979 Carlson, interview, V/olf Point, Montana, March 72 ^Wolf Point Herald, June 1916 Glasgow Courier, 1^ April 1916 Q Wolf Point Herald, 13 November 1919 Chapter Five ^Oscar Olson, interview, Culbertson, Montana, March 1979^Wolf Point Herald January 1921 -^Joseph K Howard, Montana: High Wide, and Handsome (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1959)» p 207 Ll K Ross Toole, Twentieth-Century Montana: A State of Extremes (Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press, 1972), p 80 -'General Land Office, Montana Tract Books ^Roosevelt County, Roosevelt County Overall Economic Development Plan (1977)» p 15 Appendixes *Hoye, Roosevelt County's "Treasured Years," p 31 2Ibid., p 996 -^Dennis R Smetana, Soil Survey of Roosevelt and Daniels Counties Montana (Washington D.C.: National Cooperative Soil Survey, 1985), pp 7-1^ U Ibid ^U.S., Department of Agriculture, U.S., Weather Bureau,' Climatological Report: Montana Section ^Eisenhower, Yearbook of Agriculture, p 583* BIBLIOGRAPHY Books Eisenhower, Hilton S.f ed Yearbook of Agriculture 1931 • r ,'Washington D.C.s U.S Government Printing Office, 1931* Howard, Joseph K Montana: High, Wide, and Handsome Haven: Yale University Press, 1959 New Hoye, Leota, ed Roosevelt County s "Treasured Years." Great Falls, Montana: Blue Print & Letter Company, 1976 O.N.O Homemakers Club, comp Anderson-Biem Communities 1917-1971 Brockton, Montana, 1972 Smetana, Dennis R Soil Survey of Roosevelt and Daniels Counties Montana Washington D.C.: National Cooperative Soil Survey, 1985• Taylor, Robert L., Milton J Edie, and Charla F Gritzner Montana In Maps 197^ Bozeman, Montana: Endowment and Research Foundation, 197^ Toole, K Ross Twentieth-Century Montana: A State of Ex­ tremes Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press, 1972 Interviews Anderson, Donald Homesteader's son, Wolf Point, Montana Interview, September 1985 Andresen, Barney Homesteader, Wolf Point, Montana view, March 1985* Brink, Dan Homesteader's son, Poplar, Montana November 1985 Inter­ Interview, Brookman, Wavie Homesteader's wife, Wolf Point, Montana Interview,' June 1985Carlson, Harry Homesteader's son, Wolf Point, Montana terview, March 1985 Carlson, Henry Homesteader, Wolf Point, Montana March 1979 Interview, Christensen, Oline Homesteader, Wolf Point, Montana view, June 1985 Crusch, Everitt Homesteader, Bainville, Montana November 1985 73 In­ Inter­ Interview, Erickson, Wilber Homesteader's son, Wolf Point, Montana Interview, June 19£5• Dross, Les 1985 Homesteader, Glasgow, Montana Interview, June Hanson, Axel Homesteader's son, Culbertson, Montana Inter­ view, November 1985 Hanson, Edward Homesteader's son, McCabe, Montana view, November 1985Holum, Amanda Homesteader, Wolf Point, Montana March 1985 Inter­ Interview, Hoversland, William Homesteader's son, Wolf Point, Montana Interview, March 1985 Hovig, Lyder Homesteader, Scobey, Montana September 1985 Hveem, Howard 1985 Wolf Point, Montana Interview, Interview, September Jensen, Howard Homesteader's son, Wolf Foint, Montana terview, March 1985 In­ Jensen, Opal Homesteader's daughter, Wolf Point, Montana Interview, March 1985* Karge, Hulda Homesteader's daughter, Wolf Point, Montana Interview, March 1985 Langer, Barney Homesteader, Scobey, Montana September 1985* Interview, Lund, Byrl Homesteader's daughter, Wolf Point, Montana Interview, March 1985* Lund, Gordon Homesteader's son, Wolf Point, Montana view, March 1985 Inter­ Mahlum, Rodell Homesteader's son, Wolf Point, Montana Interview, September 1985* Mann, Wilbur Homesteader's son, Wolf Point, Montana view, March 1985 Nelson, Don Homesteader's son, Wolf Point, Montana view, November 1985 Inter­ Inter­ O'Connor, Dan Homesteader's son, V/olf Point, Montana view, March 1985* O'Connor, Mary V/olf Point, Montana Inter­ Interview, March 1985* Olson, August Homesteader's son, V/olf Point, Liontana terview, March 1985 Olson, Oscar Homesteader's son, Culbertson, Montana view, March 1979 In­ Inter­ Rensvold, Sari Homesteader's son, Wolf Point, Montana view, March 1985 Seel, Otto Homesteader, Williston, North Dakota November 1985* Inter­ Interview, Sethre, Donald Homesteader's son, Wolf Point, Montana terview, March 1985 In­ Sethre, Elaine Homesteader's daughter, Wolf Point, Montana Interview, March 1985* Siljenberg, Emma Homesteader's wife, Wolf Point, Montana Interview, March 1985• Smith, Ruth Homesteader, Bainville, Montana November 1985* Interview, Taylor, John Homesteader's son, Wolf Point, Montana view, November 1985 Thompson, Melvin March 1985* Homesteader, Wolf Point, Montana Inter­ Interview, Thomsen, Carrie Homesteader's wife, McCabe, Montana terview, November 1985 In­ Thomsen, Jake Homesteader, McCabe, Montana November 1985' Interview, Wall, O.J Homesteader's son, Volt, Montana September 1985* Interview, Wiebe, Arnold Homesteader's son, Wolf Point, Montana terview, June 1985 Newspapers Culbertson Searchlight August 1904-16 February 1907 Glasgow Courier, 22 October 1914; 14 April 1916 In­ "reat Falls Tribune, September 1963 Herald News (V/olf Point, Montana), 25 April 1940; January 19557" Poplar Standard, 20 August 1914-4 December 1925 Scobey Citizen, January 1918 V/olf Point Herald, June 1916-15 March 1923 Public Documents An Act Authorizing the Secretary of the Interior to classify and appraise unalloted Indian Lands, Statutes at Large, vol 37 (191277 An Act Sxtending the time for certain homesteaders to establish residence upon their lands, Statutes at Large, vol"! 3^ (1910) An Act For the Survey and allotment of lands now embraced within the limits of the Fort Peck Indian Reservation, and the sale and disposal of all the surplus lands after allotment, Statutes at Large, vol 35 (1908) An Act Making appropriations for the current and contingent expenses of the Indian Department and for fulfilling treaty stipulations with various Indian tribes, Statutes at Large, vol 33 (1904) An Act making appropriations for the Department of Agriculture for 1920, Statutes at Large, vol 41 (1919) An Act Making appropriations for the Department of Agriculture for 1922, Statutes at Large, vol 41 (1921) An Act Providing additional time for the payment of purchase money under homestead entries of lands within the former Fort Peck Indian Reservation, Statutes at Large, vol 39 1191777 An Act Providing additional time for the pavment of purchase money under homestead entries of lands within the former Fort Peck Indian Reservation Statutes at Large, vol 41 7T9T977 An Act providing for second and additional homestead entries, and for other purposes, Statutes at Large, vol 33 (1904) An Act to allow additional entries under the Enlarged Homestead Act, Statutes at Large, vol 39 (1917) An Act to amend an Act entitled "An Act to provide for an enlarged homestead" by adding a new section known as section seven, Statutes at Large, vol 39 (, 1916) An Act to amend an Act entitled "An Act to provide for an en­ larged homestead," Statutes at Large, vol 37 (19l3T« An Act to amend section twenty-two hundred and ninety-one and twenty-two hundred and ninety-seven of the Revised Statutes of the United States, Statutes at Large, vol 37 (1912) An Act to amend the Act to provide for the allotment of land in severalty to Indians on the various reservations, Statutes at Large, vol 3^ (1906) An Act to authorize absence by homestead settlers and entrymen, and for other purposes, Statutes at Large, vol 41 H91977" An Act to provide for agricultural entries on coal lands Statutes at Large, vol 3^ Cl910) An Act to provide for a leave of absence for homestead entrymen in one or two periods, and for a longer time, Statutes at Large, vol 40 (1919) An Act to provide for an enlarged homestead Statutes at Large, vol 35 (190917" An Act to provide for extension of payment on homestead entries on ceded lands of the Fort Peck Indian Reservation, Statutes at Large, vol 43 (192577 An Act to provide for leaves of absence for homestead entrymen in one or two periods, Statutes at Large, vol 38 TT913T An Act to ratify and confirm an agreement with the Gros Ventre Piegan Blood, Blackfeet and River Crow Indians in Mon­ tana and for other purposes, Statutes at Large, vol 25 vms)An Act to restore homestead rights in certain cases Statutes at Large, vol 39 (1917) An Act to withdraw certain public lands from private entry and for other purposes, Statutes at Large, vol 25 7138977 General Land Office, Bureau of Land Management ; ontana Bract Books, Montana office set and Uashington D.G set, arranged by legal description Billings, ".ontana: RLM Microfilms M o m t Resolution Authorizing temporary leaves of absence for homestead settlers, Statutes at Large, vol 34 (190?) Roosevelt County Roosevelt County Overall Economic Develop­ ment Plan (1977) U S Congress House Allotment and Sale of Lands on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation H.R 19EE, 69th Cong., 2d Sess., 1927 BT.S Congress House A Report on Delinquent Homesteaders on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation H.R 1377» 67th Cong., 4th Sess., 1923 U.S Congress House A Report providing for the Extension of payment on Homestead Entries, Fort Feck Indian Reservation H.R 13IS, 68th Cong., 2d Sess., 1925 U.S Congress House Representative Mann comments on ex­ tension for homesteaders S 183, 66th Cong., 2d Sess., December 1919- Congressional Record, vol 59 U.S Congress House Representative Stafford discusses payment extension of (S 5612) 64th Cong., 2d Sess., 19 February 1917 Congressional Record, vol 54 U.S Congress Senate A Report for the Survey and Allotment of Lands Mow Embraced within the Limits of the Fort Peck Indian Reservation S Rept 202, 3oth Cong., 1st Sess., 1908 Senate Reports, vol U.S Congress Senate A Report on Relief of certain settlers on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation in the State of Mon­ tana S Rept 1146, 72d Cong., 2d Sess., 1933* U.S Department of Agriculture U.S Weather Bureau tological Report: Montana Section Clima- U.S Department of Agriculture U.S Weather Bureau Precipitation Charts Helena, Montana, 1919 Montana U.S Department of Interior General Land Office Circulars and Regulations of the General Land Office 1930 U.S Department of Interior General Land Office Report of the Commissioner of the General Land Office to the Secretary of the Interior for 1917 President proclamation "A Proclamation." at Lar-e 33, 25 July 1913, 1952-4 Statutes ... 198 AN ANALYSIS OF HOMESTEADING IN ROOSEVELT COUNTY, MONTANA by Keith B Jensen Montana College of Mineral Science & Technology, 197^ Professional Paper Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the... while maintaining control of the remaining acreage of his initial claim The first of 836 recorded relinquishments occurred in 1900 Although the greatest number of relinquishments occurred in 1916... Beginning at a point in the middle of the main channel of the Missouri River, opposite the mouth of 3ig "uddy Creek; thence up the Missouri River, in the middle of the main chan­ nel thereof