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NEW APPLICATIONS OF
MLJCl—S^FP
F=ISSIOiNI
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Proceedings of the International Workshop on the
NEW APPLICATIONS OF
Bucharest, Romania 7-12 September 2003
editors
A. C. Mueller
Institut de Physique Nucleaire, France
M. Mirea
National Institute for
Physics
and Nuclear Engineering,
Romania
L. Tassan-Got
Institut de Physique Nucleaire, France
\[p
World
Scientific
NEW JERSEY • LONDON • SINGAPORE • BEIJING • SHANGHAI • HONGKONG • TAIPEI • CHENNAI
Published by
World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.
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UK office: 57 Shelton Street, Covent Garden, London WC2H 9HE
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
NEW APPLICATIONS OF NUCLEAR FISSION
Copyright © 2004 by World Scientific Publishing
Co.
Pte. Ltd.
All rights
reserved.
This
book,
or parts
thereof,
may not be reproduced in any form or by any means,
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ISBN 981-238-933-4
Printed in Singapore by World Scientific Printers (S) Pte Ltd
Organized by
IDRANAP (Inter-Disciplinary Research and Applications
Based on Nuclear and Atomic Physics) European
Center of Excellence from the "Horia Hulubei"
National R&D Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering
Sponsored
by
European Commission under contract ICA1-CT-2000-70023
and Romanian Ministry of Education and Research
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PREFACE
This volume contains the lectures and contributions presented at the
International Workshop "New Applications of Nuclear Fission"
(NANUF03), held at Bucharest, in Romania, from 7 September to 12
September 2003.
NANUF03 is the 4
th
international meeting in a series organized by
the European Commission Center of Excellence IDRANAP (Inter-
Disciplinary Research and Applications Based on Nuclear and Atomic
Physics) from the "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and
Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH). The European Commission, under
contract ICA1-CT-2000-70023, generously sponsored this meeting. The
workshop topics covered new experimental and theoretical studies
focused on the modern developments of nuclear fission aiming at
various applications in a wide range of fields. It was an occasion to bring
together scientists working in different fields related to nuclear fission in
order to disseminate experience and knowledge in the benefit of the
community.
The main topics of the workshop were: radioactive beam facilities
based on nuclear fission; nuclear waste transmutations and the future
accelerator driven systems; fission and spallation nuclear data and
modeling;
experimental and theoretical advances in the study of nuclear
fission;
fusion reactions and decay modes of superheavy nuclei; stability
against fission and many body systems and superasymmetric and
multicluster fission. A few contributions presented by very young
researchers emerging from connected domains were also accepted.
The atmosphere during the workshop was stimulating due to the
scientific level of the excellent lectures and the interesting contributions,
offering an excellent frame for discussions and raising new suggestions
and ideas.
The opening address was given by Dr. E. Dragulescu, General
Director of the National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering,
and the IDRANAP European Center of Excellence was presented by Dr.
F. Buzatu, the Scientific Director.
The meeting took benefits from the presence of Dr. L. Biro, Minister
Secretary of State with Nuclear Safety, who presented a documented
image of the nuclear energy in Romania and emphasized the
importance of a durable development based on nuclear power plants.
Prof. A.C. Mueller illustrated the importance of international
VII
VIM
collaborations in the context offered by the 6 European Framework
Program and contributed to enhance the synergies within Romanian
researchers.
Special thanks are addressed to Prof. Yu.P. Gangrsky who
presented the concluding remarks in an outstanding manner.
We also thank to the International Advisory Committee consisting of
Y. Abe (Kyoto), F. Buzatu (Bucharest), R. Casten (Yale), M. Ciocanescu
(Pitesti), E. Dragulescu (Bucharest), C. Gheorghiu (Pitesti), W. Greiner
(Frankfurt am Main), J.H. Hamilton (Nashville), S. Hofmann
(Darmstadt), M.G. Itkis (Dubna), G. Muenzenberg (Darmstadt), Y.
Nagame (Tokai), W. von Oertzen (Berlin), Yu.Ts. Oganessian (Dubna),
D.N. Poenaru (Bucharest), A.V. Ramayya (Nashville), W. Scheid
(Giessen), K H. Schmidt (Darmstadt) and P. Schuck (Orsay).
The scientific secretary, Dr. Amalia Pop, and the technical secretary,
Mrs.
Alia Orascu, have done an extremely valuable and complex activity
for the preparation of the meeting and managed difficult matters during
the workshop efficiently, contributing essentially to the success.
We want to thank Mr. E. Pauna, Mr. A. Sokolov and Mr. G. Chisner
for their technical assistance.
A special acknowledgement is dedicated to Mr. M. Duma and Mrs.
Cristina Aiftimiei for their activity concerning the web design.
A.C.
Mueller
M. Mirea
CONTENTS
Preface vii
Fission Approach to Heavy Particle Radioactivities 1
D.N. Poenaru. R.A. Gherghescu and
W.
Greiner
MYRRHA, a Multipurpose European ADS for R&D 9
H.A. Abderrahim
Fusion-fission Dynamics and Synthesis of the Superheavy 14
Elements
Y.Abe
Quasifission of the Dinuclear System 25
G.G. Adamian, N.V. Antonenko and
W.
Scheid
Microscopic Optical Potential for Nuclear Transmutation, 31
Fusion Reactors and ADS Projects
M. Avrigeanu,
V.
Avrigeanu, M. Duma, W. von Oertzen
and
A.
Plompen
Identification of Excited
10
Be Clusters Born in Ternary Fission 41
of
262
Cf
A.
V.
Daniel.
G.M. Ter-Akopian, G.S. Popeko,
A.S.
Fomichev,
A.M. Rodin, Yu.
Ts.
Oganessian,
J.H. Hamilton, A.V. Ramayya, J. Kormicki, J.K. Hwang,
D. Fong, P. Gore, J.D. Cole, M. Jandel, L Krupa,
J. Kliman, J.O. Rasmussen, A.O. Macchiavelli,
I.Y. Lee, S C. Wu, M.A. Stoyerand
R.
Donangelo
Production of Photofission Fragments and Study of their 48
Nuclear Structure
Yu. P. Gangrsky and
Yu.
E. Penionzhkevich
Variation of Charge Density in Fusion Reactions 54
R.A. Gherghescu, D.N. Poenaru and
W.
Greiner
IX
[...]... statistical theory of decay 8 A summary is given at the end 2 Dynamical features of nuclear fission Experimental multiplicities of pre-scission neutron increase monotonically as excitation energy of the compound nucleus increases, while the calculations with the statistical theory of fission decay and of neutron emission show a kind of saturation 9 This is inferred due to a fast decrease of fission life... and thereby in the synthesis of the superheavy elements It is recommended to keep in mind the important role of the dissipation and its associated fluctuation in nuclear collective motions such as nuclear fission 1 Introduction The measurements of multiplicities of neutrons, gamma rays etc emitted prior scission in fusion-fission reactions 1 clarify that the life time of nuclear fission is much longer... Region of cluster emitters From the energetical point of view (released energy Q > 0) the area of heavy particle radioactivity is extended well beyond that of a-decay Nevertheless, the largest branching ratio with respect to a emission experimentally determined up to now is ba = Ta/T ~ 10~ 9 At the limit of experimental sensitivity, the smallest branching ratio measured already is of the order of 10~... introduce a scaling factor which reduces absolute values of shell correction energies of SHE (Note that there are variety of predictions of the shell correction energy, which indicates the existence of ambiguities in theoretical predictions.) If it is taken to be 0.4, the absolute value of the peak height is reproduced, together with the shape of the peak, as shown in Fig 4 Although the factor might... between the magic number of neutrons, N = 82, and protons, Z = 50, in one or both fragments The best conditions for symmetric cold fission are fulfilled by 2 6 4 Fm, leading to identical doubly magic fragments 132 Sn A spectrum of the 234 U halflives versus the mass and atomic numbers of the fragments illustrates the idea of a unified treatment of different decay modes over a wide range of 3 mass asymmetry... effects The surface of calculated half-lives (within ASAF model) of heavy nuclei against 14 C radioactivity and the measured points are plotted in Fig 2 A strong shell effect can be seen: as a rule the shortest value of the halflife (maximum of 1/T) is obtained when the daughter nucleus has a magic number of neutrons (Nj = 126) and/or protons {Z& = 82) For 14 C decay Figure 2 The surface of calculated half-lives... With PSUrvivai calculated with the code and Pfusion of the two-step model, excitation functions of residues are calculated with usual formula of the compound nucleus theory of reactions, ares — ?r* 2 ^ ( 2 J + ^)Pfusion ' Psurvivai (6) There are a few parameters in the statistical theory, such as masses, or shell correction energies of compound nuclei of SHE, the level density parameter, the shell damping... look at the following equation expressing the halflife in terms of three model-dependent quantities (frequency of assaults, preformation probability, and the penetrability of the external part of the barrier): T=l ~T = ~^P l °ST = iosF-^gS-\ogP (2) where F = In 2/v with v denoting the frequency of assaults on the barrier in the process of quantum penetrability As may be seen in Fig 3, despite a slightly... close to the task environment by means of remotely controlled transporters with sufficient reach and degrees of freedom to position the slave at all relevant locations around the MYRRHA machine The concept relies on the ability of the servo-manipulators and the video feedback systems to create a sense of presence for the operators at the task location In practice all of the MYRRHA maintenance tasks will... K Satou, M Asai, H Haba, K Tsukada, N Shinohara and S Ichikawa 164 XII Fingerprints of Finite Size Effects in Nuclear Multifregimentation Ad R Raduta andAI H Raduta 166 Systematics of the Alpha-Decay to Vibrational 2+ States S Peltonen J Suhonen and D.S Delion 170 Analysis of a Neutron-Rich Nuclei Source Based on Photofission M Mirea L Groza, O Bajeat, F Clapier, S Essabaa, F Ibrahim, A.C Mueller, J .
NEW APPLICATIONS OF
MLJCl—S^FP
F=ISSIOiNI
This page is intentionally left blank
Proceedings of the International Workshop on the
NEW APPLICATIONS OF. covered new experimental and theoretical studies
focused on the modern developments of nuclear fission aiming at
various applications in a wide range of fields.
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