CONTENTS Induction and Abduction in Peirce The Saga of Principia Mathematica Modern Modal Logic 116 107 110 Language 121 Frege on Sense and Reference 121 The Pragmatists on Language and Truth Russell’s Theory of Descriptions 129 The Picture Theory of the Proposition Language-Games and Private Languages 126 132 137 Epistemology 144 Two Eloquent Empiricists 144 Peirce on the Methods of Science 150 Frege on Logic, Psychology, and Epistemology Knowledge by Acquaintance and Knowledge by Description 160 Husserl’s Epoche 162 Wittgenstein on Certainty 165 Metaphysics 169 Varieties of Idealism 169 Metaphysics and Teleology 174 Realism vs Nominalism 178 First, Second, and Third in Peirce The Metaphysics of Logical Atomism Bad and Good Metaphysics 187 Philosophy of Mind 181 185 192 Bentham on Intention and Motive 192 Reason, Understanding, and Will 195 Experimental vs Philosophical Psychology 198 The Freudian Unconscious 202 Philosophical Psychology in the Tractatus 207 Intentionality 209 Wittgenstein’s Later Philosophy of Mind 212 x 155