List of Maps and Primary Source Documents Plutarch: “The Training of Children,” ca 110 c.e Strabo: Geography, excerpt on Africa, ca 22 c.e Pliny: Natural History, excerpt on India, ca 77 c.e Pausanius: Description of Greece, Book I: Attica, second century c.e The Code of the Assura, excerpt, ca 1075 b.c.e The Arthashastra, excerpt, ca 250 b.c.e The Twelve Tables, excerpt, ca 450 b.c.e 200 269 270 271 305 306 307 VOLUME II Herodotus: “Mummification,” from The Histories, fifth century b.c.e Descent of the Goddess Ishtar into the Lower World, from the Epic of Gilgamesh, ca seventh century b.c.e A Vedic Funerary Hymn, from the Rig-Veda, ca 1700–1100 b.c.e Homer: The Odyssey, excerpt, ca 800–600 b.c.e The Selection of Aspalta as King of Kush, ca 600 b.c.e The Legend of Sargon of Akkad, ca 2300 b.c.e Herodotus: “On the Kings of Sparta,” from The History of the Persian Wars, ca 430 b.c.e A Collection of Contracts from Mesopotamia, ca 2300–428 b.c.e Herodotus: The History of the Persian Wars, excerpt, ca 430 b.c.e Kautilya: The Arthashastra, excerpt, ca 250 b.c.e Tacitus: Germania, excerpt, ca 98 c.e Herodotus: The History of the Persian Wars, excerpt, ca 430 b.c.e Ban Zhao: Lessons for a Woman, excerpt, ca 80 c.e 323 Semonides of Amorgos: “The Types of Women,” ca 550 b.c.e Xenophon: “The Polity of the Spartans,” ca 375 b.c.e Plutarch: The Life of Theseus, excerpt, ca 110 c.e Polybius: “Rome at the End of the Punic Wars,” from The Histories, ca 200–after 118 b.c.e Tabu-utul-Bêl: “Ludlul Bêl Nimeqi,” ca.1700 b.c.e The Yin Fu Ching, or Clue to the Unseen, excerpt, ca 1200 b.c.e Galen: Medicine, excerpt, ca mid-second century c.e Hippocrates: Aphorisms, excerpt, ca fifth century b.c.e xxi 506 539 540 541 556 557 559 559 VOLUME III 324 325 326 422 423 424 458 459 460 461 504 505 The Precepts of the Vizier Ptah-hotep, ca 2350 b.c.e The Code of Hammurabi, ca 1780 b.c.e The Law Code of Gortyn (Crete), ca 450 b.c.e The Twelve Tables, excerpt, ca 450 b.c.e Saint Augustine: The City of God, excerpt, 410–426 c.e “The Tale of The Eloquent Peasant,” ca 1800 b.c.e Enûma Elish: The Epic of Creation, excerpt, eighth century b.c.e Bhagavad Gita (from the Mahabharata), excerpt, ca 400 b.c.e Plato: “The Allegory of the Cave,” from the Republic, ca 360 b.c.e Horace: “The Secular Hymn,” ca 17 b.c.e., and Virgil: Aeneid, excerpt, 30–19 b.c.e Virgil: Exerpt from the Aeneid Tacitus: Germania, excerpt, 98 c.e Herodotus: Excerpt on the founding of Cyrene from The Histories, fifth century b.c.e 631 633 635 636 667 668 669 671 672 673 674 723 723