Index Late Antique period (Rome) 114 Late Archaic Period (Americas) mining, quarrying, and salt making 750 textiles and needlework 1084 Late Bronze Age architecture 74 cities 222 economy 361 migration and population movements 703–704, 709 music and musical instruments 766, 769 seafaring and navigation 957 Late Classical Period (Greece) 857 Late Formative Period (Americas) death and burial practices 323 drama and theater 338 festivals 471 government organization 537 religion and cosmology 864–865 writing 1192 Late Holocene Epoch 446 Late Iron Age economy 362 foreigners and barbarians 488 La Tène culture crafts 291 science 936 Late Neolithic 317 Late Period (Egypt) children 189 crafts 286 empires and dynasties 395–396 festivals 464 literature 646–647 money and coinage 753 seafaring and navigation 954 Late Preceramic Period (Americas) empires and dynasties 421 religion and cosmology 865 Late Preclassic Period (Americas) art 120 building techniques and materials 161 inventions 604 Late Roman Republic 369– 370 lathes 293 latifundia agriculture 43 settlement patterns 972 Latin alphabet 1188 Latin language language 613, 616, 618–619 migration and population movements 718 social collapse and abandonment 1008 latitudes 956 latrines 555 laudatio 320 Laurentide ice sheet climate and geography 247 migration and population movements 720 La Venta adornment 13–14 architecture 82–85 art 119–120 clothing and footwear 282 death and burial practices 322 drama and theater 338 economy 372–373 employment and labor 434 foreigners and barbarians 491 religion and cosmology 864 roads and bridges 892 social collapse and abandonment 1009 Law of the Twelve Tables 303, 304 Laws (Plato) 1145 laws and legal codes 621–638 Africa 621–622 Americas 630–631 Asia and the Pacific 625– 626, 626f crime and punishment 296, 299, 300, 302, 303, 305–306 economy 369 Egypt 622–624, 623f, 631–633 Europe 626–628 government organization 525 Greece 628–629, 635–636 laws and legal codes 628 Middle East 624–625, 633–635 Rome 629–630, 636–638 Laws of Manu crime and punishment 300–301 family 452 lawsuits 631 lawyers 630 lays (poems) 655 lead 744 lead lines 960 lead pig 749f Leakey, Louis and Mary 313 leather clothing and footwear 273, 274, 276, 279 weaponry and armor 1164, 1167 Lebanon 954 Lee, Richard 572 legal codes See laws and legal codes legalism economy 356 government organization 520 laws and legal codes 625, 626 scandals and corruption 913 social organization 1025 legal rights gender structures and roles 495, 501 slaves and slavery 985, 987, 993 legionnaires military 735 weaponry and armor 1170 legions military 734–735 war and conquest 1153 leg ornaments 93 legumes agriculture 20, 25, 45, 46 food and diet 474, 479 léine 279 leitourgia 366 lekythos 183 Lenaea 469 Lenape (Lenni Lenape) people 1153–1154 length, measurement of 1173, 1174, 1176–1179, 1182 leprosy 821, 825 Leptis Magna 229 Lesbos island 658 Lessons for a Woman (Ban Zhao) 505–506 letters (literature) literature 662 writing 1191, 1192 Levant climate and geography 245 education 380 employment and labor 428 migration and population movements 699–700 religion and cosmology 843 Levantine Corridor 25 levers building techniques and materials 159, 160 inventions 594 science 928 Levroux 220 Lewis-Williams, David 833 1261 Lex Duodecim Tabularum 303, 304 lex frumentaria agriculture 41 food and diet 480 Lex Oppia 13 Lex Poetelia Papiria 369 lex talionis crime and punishment 299 laws and legal codes 624 Liangzhu culture 1003, 1004f Lianyungang, China 216 libra (unit of weight) 1181 libraries 378 liburna 982 Libya climate and geography 242 clothing and footwear 273 foreigners and barbarians 485 lice 548 life expectancy 545, 547, 550, 553 Life of Pericles (Plutarch) 916 lifestyle 194 lighthouses illumination 591 seafaring and navigation 960 lighting See illumination lima beans 46 limes (earth rampart) 148 limestone architecture 74 building techniques and materials 158 climate and geography 243, 267 mining, quarrying, and salt making 743, 750 Lindow Man 903, 903f lineage systems 1011–1012 Linear A tablets ceramics and pottery 183 language 617f Linear B tablets agriculture 35 ceramics and pottery 183 economy 363 war and conquest 1146 writing 1189 Linear Pottery culture 708 linen clothing and footwear 274, 277, 279, 281 textiles and needlework 1075, 1077, 1081 linguistics language 616, 619–620 science 935 lintels 155 liquid 1180, 1181 literacy 376, 377 literature 639–675 Africa 639–643, 667–668 Americas 665–666